江西省宁冈县中2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力音频有听力原文）

宁冈县中2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does Nancy think of the party
A．Great. B．Exciting. C．Terrible.
2．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In the man’s house. B．In the woman’s office. C．In the hospital
3．How much time does it take the man to get to the airport
A．1 hour. B．2 hours. C．3 hours.
4．What does the man find difficult
A．Making some videos. B．Remembering new words. C．Starting a conversation.
5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife. B．Colleagues. C．Employer and employee.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where will Johnny go next
A．To the school. B．To the cinema. C．To his house.
7．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Schoolmates. B．Brother and sister. C．Boyfriend and girlfriend.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What color tie does the woman think matches the man’s jacket
A．Green. B．Black. C．Red.
9．Why doesn’t the woman like high heels
A．They aren’t beautiful.
B．They are uncomfortable to wear.
C．They don’t match the dress.
10．What does the man mean in the end
A．He knows a cafe nearby.
B．He can’t decide what to buy.
C．He doesn’t want to go on shopping.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife.
B．Boss and worker.
C．Teacher and student.
12．How does the woman's attitude towards Mark
A．She feels nervous.
B．She trusts him a lot.
C．She is disappointed in him.
13．Why does the man believe in Mark
A．Because Mark is an adult.
B．Because Mark is smart enough.
C．Because Mark has had special training.
14．What will the speakers do for Mark
A．Tell him their experience.
B．Design an emergency drill.
C．Help him out of the emergency.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What subject is the woman interested in
A．Business. B．Music. C．Maths.
16．What does the man want the woman to study
A．Computer programming or music.
B．Business or computer programming.
C．Business or music.
17．What do we know about the woman
A．She considers interest more important. B．She will take the man’s advice.
C．She is not good at computer science.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．When did the traffic accident take place
A．At 7:30. B．At 8:00. C．At 8:30.
19．Where did the fire break out
A．In a store. B．In a car company. C．In the No.2 Hospital.
20．What can we learn from the news
A．The two injured are out of danger.
B．The fire lasted about 3 hours.
C．The burned are in hospital.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑
A
Chicco Red Bullet Balance Training Bike
Price: $32.99 & FREE Shipping($49.99)
Soft tires & Help the child gain balance.
Recommended for ages 3+years.
Seat Pets Car Seat Toy
Price: $19.97 & FREE Shipping on orders over $35($19. 99)
Seat Pets are seat belt attachments that provide comfort and support to your child’s neck and head. Each Seat Pet has three pockets, designed to store all of the things that kids need when they’re in the car. Seat Pets are 21″ long and are made of high-quality machine-washable material. Easily attaches to seat belts.
Fisher-Price Infant to Toddler Swing in Red
Price: $19.97 & FREE Shipping on orders over $35($26. 99)
The Infant to Toddler Swing is an outdoor swing that spans the development of a child from infant to toddler. The tray (托盘) holds toys or snacks and lifts up out of the way for easy in and out.
This swing is as friendly to parents as it is to kids and now it can be reclined (斜躺) for use with infants as young as six months.
Laugh & Learn Crawl Around Car
Price: $44. 88 & FREE Shipping (You Save: $59. 99)
The Laugh & Learn Crawl Around Car helps your little ones develop gross motor skills (大肌肉群活动技能) by encouraging babies to crawl around the car. In addition, babies will enjoy busy activities and sing-along songs.
Stationary (静止的) car encourages babies to sit up, crawl, pull up, stand and move all around. Introduce babies to letters, numbers, colors, first words, greetings & more. For ages 6-36 months old.
21．If you buy Chicco Red Bullet Balance Training Bike now, you can save _______.
A．$17.00 B．$ 0.77 C．$7.02 D．$15.11
22．What can we learn from the passage
A．Soft tires of the Training Bike make it keep balance.
B．Seat Pets are used to protect children’s necks and backs.
C．It is easy for children to lift up the tray of the Fisher-Price swing.
D．Babies can enjoy music through Laugh & Learn Crawl Around Car.
23．Where can we most probably find the passage
A．In a parenting magazine.
B．In a fashion guide.
C．In a health report.
D．In a storybook.
B
We all know cameras. But have you heard of Google's new camera It is a small, smart device, called Clips. It comes with a case that has a clip (夹子), but it's not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photographs out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.
This roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera , with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness, is intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smart phone.
Onboard the Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序)to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. "Once it learns that there's a face you see frequently, it'll try to get nice photos of those faces. " said Juston Payne, the device's product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved training it to know what happiness looks like. The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot-like when a child's hand is over the camera, or if it is thrown in a dark purse.
The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing.
Did people think it was strange Yes, but Payne said nobody need worry about safety. A green light on the front shows that the device is on. Besides, it is not connected to the Internet.
"This product is only possible because technology has advanced." Payne said. It was only in the past year that they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. "Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps." He added.
24．Which is the most striking feature of Clips
A．It is pretty small and cute. B．It takes photos on its own.
C．It has a longer battery life. D．It can be worn on your clothes.
25．Why does the author mention "child" in Para 2
A．To clarify a concept.
B．To present a fact
C．To explain a feeling.
D．To make a comparison.
26．How can one see the photos taken by Clips
A．By connecting Clips to the Internet.
B．By learning the machine algorithms.
C．By linking Clips with your mobile phone.
D．By advancing science technology further.
27．What is Payne's attitude towards the application of AI into apps
A．Critical. B．Positive.
C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
C
It's no secret that inhaling(吸入)smoke is bad for your lungs. But now, scientists are suggesting smoke may also carry and spread infectious diseases. The theory, published in Science Magazine, is based on the research that found wildfire smoke is full of thousands of species of microorganisms(微生物).Some of these microorganisms, including bacteria and fungal spores(真菌抱子).are known to cause disease.
The new research suggests that when a wildfire burns plants or animal matter and disturbs soils, it exposes thousands of species of bacteria and fungi that otherwise might not easily become airborne. You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms, but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply after fires. Scientists say the organisms stick with smoke particulates(颗粒物), allowing them to travel thousands of miles across continents.
Dr. Peter Chen, director of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, is interested in the theory but somewhat skeptical that the microorganisms in smoke would actually cause infections. Many bacteria and fungi don't cause lung infections, says Chen, but it's certainly possible that a significant number could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition. "I always thought it was the particulates in smoke that were causing these issues," says Chen. "But when I read this, I started thinking, could it be the microorganisms that are also worsening existing illnesses "
Whether the microorganisms in smoke actually cause infections or simply worsen potential respiratory(呼吸的)issues, the article raises a new health threat that is "certainly alarming", says Kelsey Jack, an associate professor of environmental and development economics. This is especially true for lower-income populations, Jack says, because people with fewer protective means are often more exposed to the environment. If smoke is affecting the air quality in a certain area, the people who work outside, or who have to go to the office on foot or by bike will inhale more smoke than those who drive.
But until more research is done, Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor-including staying indoors, keeping windows and doors closed, using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.
28．What can we know about the microorganisms from Paragraph 2
A．Some could reproduce after fires.
B．They could be killed by high heat.
C．They could possibly travel through air by themselves.
D．Some could copy the smoke particulates.
29．How do most microorganisms affect people according to Dr. Peter Chen
A．They will cause lung infection. B．They might worsen lung diseases.
C．They will destroy living environments. D．They might damage respiratory systems.
30．Why are lower-income people suffering more than others according to Kelsey Jack
A．They live in poor areas. B．They drive to and from work·
C．They have suffered from lung disease. D．They are exposed to polluted air more frequently.
31．What does Chen advise people to do in the last paragraph
A．To wait for the results of more researches.
B．To ignore the air quality and to work out outdoors.
C．To follow previous suggestions on dealing with poor air quality.
D．To avoid using filters and air conditioning.
D
When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point.
More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone“has an accent“. We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect , too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance,” You got eat or not “(meaning “Have you eaten ” ) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different
We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone.
Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
32．What does the author think of his/ her friends’ response in paragraph 1
A．It reflects their self confidence.
B．It reflects their language levels.
C．It misses the point of communication.
D．It misses the real meaning of accents.
33．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English
A．To justify the use of dialects.
B．To show the diversity of dialects.
C．To correct a grammatical mistake.
D．To highlight a traditional approach.
34．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph
A．Learn to speak with your local dialect.
B．Seek for an official definition of accents.
C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects.
D．Distinguish our local languages from others’.
35．What is the author’s attitude towards accent
A．Favourable B．Intolerant
C．Doubtful D．Unclear
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Endangered species
An endangered species is a group of animals or plants that could soon become extinct. 36 Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don't do anything to save them. There are many reasons why species become endangered.
Habitat loss is the main factor. And this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals' habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing for them to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. 37 Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms result in the destruction of animals' homes and food supplies.
38 Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species.
39 We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial punishment. The public can help out by refusing to buy any product made from these animals' body parts. Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt,fish or trade in endangered species. They can also provide funding for animal reserves, to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals, which they later release into the wild. 40
A．Our recent measures, however, have helped to improve the situation.
B．Eventually, all the creatures on the earth will enjoy being together.
C．Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing.
D．Animals' homes are also destroyed because of pollution.
E．Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more.
F．If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations.
G．So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Twenty years ago, Mark Thatcher, the son of Mrs. Thatcher, was reported missing in the Sahara Desert while competing in Grand Prix motorcycle racing from Paris to Dakar. The sad news, which was so unexpected, shook the unusually 41 and unhurried politician. Though she did her best to 42 as if nothing had happened and made her public appearance as usual, people could not fail to notice that she was no longer the old self－ assured prime minister who always had everything under 43 . Instead she had become a very sad mother who was unable to 44 from her shock.
One day when she was to speak at a lunch party, a reporter caught her off guard by bringing up the 45 of her missing son again. She was 46 mentally unprepared for the question and lost control. Tears rolled down her cheeks 47 she sobbingly told the reporter there was still no news of Mark and that she was very worried about him. She said that all the countries concerned had 48 to do their best to help her find her son. With that she 49 down completely and sobbed silently for quite a while. Gradually she calmed down and started to speak as 50 . It was a very moving scene which exposed a new side of Mrs. Thatcher 51 the public do not usually see. People began to talk about the Iron Lady's 52 love, a feeling that is common to the human race.
Later Mark returned 53 to his mother's side, good-humored and all smiles as usual 54 nothing unusual had ever happened. The Iron Lady, 55 , broke down again and was seen sobbing for a second time.
41．A．outstanding B．busy C．calm D．considerate
42．A．seem B．talk C．do D．pretend
43．A．construction B．control C．discussion D．pressure
44．A．respond B．relieve C．reduce D．recover
45．A．subject B．object C．theme D．message
46．A．hardly B．totally C．partly D．mostly
47．A．because B．though C．if D．as
48．A．permitted B．admitted C．promised D．managed
49．A．fell B．went C．broke D．brought
50．A．agreed B．planned C．announced D．explained
51．A．what B．whose C．where D．which
52．A．lively B．likely C．lovely D．motherly
53．A．hungry and tiredB．safe and funny C．safe and sound D．tired and sleepy
54．A．as if B．even if C．so that D．if only
55．A．therefore B．however C．besides D．thus
第二节：（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the 19th century, the “coming-of-age” novel became popular. In these stories, we read about 56 (hero) growing into maturity from childhood.
David Copperfield, 57 (write) by British novelist Charles Dickens, is a good example of this type of story. It tells the story of a gifted boy of the same name, 58 goes through many challenges in the hope of becoming a successful writer. Part of the reason why Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was that it 59 (model) on his own life. In the novel, he related early personal experiences 60 (mean) a lot to him, including his work in a factory, his education, and his efforts 61 (publish) novels.
The novel takes place in the Victorian era (1837—1901) and contains Dickens’ critiques(批评) of his society and the 62 (anxious) surrounding the relationship between social classes. It describes 63 darkest parts of British society in that time, especially the 64 (pain) circumstances of many children.
Young David suffers for his goal, 65 does he reach his dream of becoming a successful writer Read the book to find out.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66．假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Mary来信告诉你，她已经被她的理想大学录取。请你给她写一封回信表示祝贺，并就自己在学习生活中的困惑向她寻求帮助。内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 寻求帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mary,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mum and grandma drove me to a 5km race. There was a fierce thunderstorm, and when we got there, I had to wait for it to pass beneath an overhang (屋檐) with the other runners. I started to feel a little nervous, because some of the people there looked really fast. They had proper running shoes and long skinny legs. They were all different ages. I wasn’t wearing running clothes; just a normal T-shirt and shorts.
An hour after the official start time even though it was still raining, the race organisers said we could go. That morning, I was running confidently and feeling strong. The route went through a neighbourhood and there were quite a few people cheering us on, but I didn’t see any faces I knew. It started to pour again, but I love running in the rain: It keeps me cool and I can keep going for longer, even when I get tired, when I run, I don’t wear a watch to see what distance I’m at；I just focus on moving, breathing and how my body feels.
At one point, I came to a split (分叉) in the course. A woman who was directing us blocked off (封锁) the route which I was meant to take and told me to go the other way, so I followed her directions.
I was confused, but just kept running. I knew I must be close to finishing the 5km, but I couldn’t see the finishing line. After a while I saw route directions for a 10km race. I was worried and thought I was lost, but had to keep going. My body started to get tired and my muscles a little sore. I said to myself, “You’re almost there. Just keep breathing.” Eventually I saw the finishing line and spotted my mum. She looked angry. I got past the line and she was yelling, “Why did you do this, Kade You are in so much trouble.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I learned why my mum was angry later.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My mum went up to the lady who was timing the race.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1．C
M: How was the party, Nancy
W: It was great… if you like loud music, a lot of cigarette smoke in a small crowded room, and not enough food!
2．C
W:I’ m so grateful for what you have done for my son, doctor.
M: That s all right, Mrs. Ann. That’ s my job. I’ m very glad he is recovering so soon.
3．A
W: If your flight is at 3:00, you need to be at the airport 2 hours earlier to check in.
M: Yes, I know. I want to leave the house at 11:30. That way I can arrive at the airport at 12:30.
4．B
M: Hey, Nina! Do you have any tips on how to remember new words It’s so hard.
W: Well, you should change from vocabulary lists to different ways , including using story books, videos and conversations.
5．A
W: Oh, dear, when shall we have our new house painted I can’t wait to move into it from here.
M: How about July 5 I'm free that day.
W: Good. It fits us two. But we should call the company for an appointment first.
6．B 7．A
W: Hi, Johnny! Where are you going
M: Hi, Dorothy! I’m going to the cinema.
W: Oh, really With whom Your girlfriend Anyone in your class
M: Hey, Dorothy. I don’t have a girlfriend. Don’t upset me. I go alone.
W: Oh! Sorry! I didn’t know that. That’s too bad. I’ll go with you.
M: No, thanks. Just leave me alone.
W: Hmm... Okay. Have a good time, Johnny.
M: Thanks. See you tomorrow at school.
8．C 9．B 10．C
M: Hey, what about these ties Which do you prefer, the green one or the black one
W: I prefer the black one but I think you’ll take the red tie I saw in Camden Market. The color suits your jacket perfectly.
M: Yeah.
W: What do you think of this dress
M: It would look really good with high heels.
W: High heels I don’t like high heels much. I find them really uncomfortable.
M: I guess it would look good with the shoes you’re wearing. Are you getting the dress
W: I’m not sure … I’d like to look in the market first before I decide whether to buy it or not.
M: I’d rather go for a coffee than look at more clothes now.
11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B
W: Mark is left alone at home. How's he feeling I'm still worried.
M: Oh, honey, he's already 12.
W: Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave.
M: Take it easy! He's fine.
W: But we have to make sure that he knows what to do in case of emergency.
M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam.
W: The exam It cannot help absolutely in reality.
M: Hmm, you have a point.
W: I have got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real life experience instead of just theory.
M: Shh! Keep the plan between us.
15．B 16．B 17．A
W: Dad I was talking with my school director today. M: Oh, good. What did she recommend Majoring in business W: Not exactly. M: Then what did you talk about W: Ah, well. I'm thinking about studying music. M: Music Ahhh...Julie, trust me. You'll never get a job that way. W: But Dad. that's what I’m interested in. M: Well, interests are fine, but you have to plan to study something useful, like business. W: Business. Dad, I hate business. M: Well, why don' t you study computer programming You're good at maths and computer science. W: Computer programming! It's so boring. M: Well, Julie, you're going to have to think about this a little more College is your way to get a good job. W: But Dad, college is a way for me to learn more about what I’m interested in.
18．A 19．A 20．B
21．A 22．D 23．A
21．A细节理解题。Chicco Red Bullet Balance Training Bike的价格由$42.99变成$32.99，可知买这辆自行车可以节省$17.00。故选A。
22．D判断推理题。利用排除法，文中提到Help the child gain balance.要帮孩子保持平衡，所以A选项错误；文中提到provide comfort and support to your child’s neck and head.此座位是用来保护孩子的脖子和头部，故B错误；The tray (托盘) holds toys or snacks and lifts up out of the way for easy in and out.此句句意是托盘能够放玩具和零食并且能够被举起为了不挡道可以方便进进出出，故C错误；文中babies will enjoy busy activities and sing-along songs说明婴儿在Laugh & Learn Crawl Around Car上很享受音乐，故选D。
27.
23．A主旨大意题。全篇主要是介绍了几种有利于婴儿发展成长的设施，所以这篇文章最有可能在教养报纸上，故选A。
考点：广告类阅读
24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photographs out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.”（最有趣的是，它使用人工智能从你的手中抓拍照片，这样它就可以自己捕捉瞬间）可知，Clips最显著的特点是可以自己拍照，故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“is intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smart phone.”（这款相机专为抓拍镜头设计，比如当一个孩子做了一些可爱的动作，你可能来不及拿出你的智能手机就会看到）可知，提到小孩就是为了阐明“抓拍”这一概念，故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing.”（查看照片的唯一方法是将相机与手机连接，因为它没有用于查看或编辑的屏幕）可知，将Clips与智能手机相连就可以查看Clips拍摄的照片，故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段““This product is only possible because technology has advanced. " Payne said. It was only in the past year that they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. “Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps. " He added.”（“这种产品只有在技术进步的情况下才有可能。”佩恩说。直到过去的一年，他们才能够将这项技术压缩到这种尺寸的设备中。”今后，我们可能会从我们的应用程序中获得人工智能更多的帮助。”他补充道）可知，在佩恩看来，将人工智能应用到应用程序中已经有足够强大的技术支撑，并且人们还会从人工智能中获益，因此他对此持积极态度，故选B。
28．A 29．B 30．D 31．C
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “You might think the high heat from fire would kill these organisms, but one study mentioned in the article found that some bacteria even multiply after fires.”（你可能认为大火的高温会杀死这些生物，但文章中提到的一项研究发现，一些细菌在火灾后甚至会繁殖。）可知，从第二段我们可以了解到有些微生物在火灾后还能再生。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Many bacteria and fungi don't cause lung infections, says Chen, but it's certainly possible that a significant number could worsen symptoms in someone with a preexisting lung condition.”（陈教授说，许多细菌和真菌不会引起肺部感染，但有相当数量的细菌和真菌可能会使已有肺部疾病的人的症状恶化。）可知，陈彼得博士认为大多数微生物可能会加重肺部疾病。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “This is especially true for lower-income populations, Jack says, because people with fewer protective means are often more exposed to the environment.”（这对低收入人群来说尤其如此，杰克说，因为保护手段较少的人往往更容易暴露在环境中。）可知，烟雾会传播疾病这件事对低收入的人群有更大的影响，是因为他们更多地直接接触环境。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But until more research is done, Chen says the best thing people can do is just follow existing recommendations when air quality is poor-including staying indoors, keeping windows and doors closed, using HEPA filters and running air conditioning.”（但在更多的研究完成之前，陈教授说，人们能做的最好的事情就是在空气质量差的时候遵循现有的建议——包括待在室内、关好门窗、使用高效空气过滤器和开空调。）可知，Dr. Chen 在最后一段建议人们遵循现有的避开恶劣空气的建议。故选C。
32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A
32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point. (当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答说：“好吧，我的英语/汉语等都说得很好。”但这种说法没有切中要害。)”可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different (根据新加坡英语使用者扎实的语法体系，这个句子结构良好，沟通清晰。为什么仅仅因为它不同就应该是错误的？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是在为使用方言进行辩护。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. (像这样的语言差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的一个独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们演讲背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值，这样我们可以更好了解我们的世界，交更多的朋友。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. (像这样的语言差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的一个独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们演讲背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。)”可推知，作者建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值，故他对方言的态度是支持的。故选A。
36．E 37．D 38．C 39．G 40．F
36．分析第一段内容，结合空格前句“An endangered species is a group of animals or plants that could soon become extinct.（濒危物种是指一组可能很快灭绝的动物或植物。）”可知，第一段主要讲述了到底什么是濒危物种。E项“Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. (当物种中的最后一个消失了，再也没有这个物种了，灭绝就发生了。)”能够承接上文，介绍了物种的灭绝是如何发生的。故选E项。
37．根据段首句“Habitat loss is the main factor. And this happens in two ways.（栖息地的丧失是主要因素。这通过两种方式发生。）”可知，本段主要介绍的是动物栖息地被破坏的两种原因。空格后句“Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms result in the destruction of animals' homes and food supplies. (河流中的化学物质和农场中的毒物会破坏动物的家园和食物供应。)” D项“Animals' homes are also destroyed because of pollution. (动物的家园也因污染而遭到破坏。)”能够引起下文，讲的是污染对动物栖息地的破坏。故选D项。
38．空格句为本段主旨句。分析段落内容“Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species.”可知，本段主要讲的是人类的过度捕杀是造成濒危物种的原因之一。C项“Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. (濒危物种也是狩猎和捕鱼的结果。)”能够概括段落主旨。故选C项。
39．空格句为本段主旨句。空格后句子“We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial punishment. (我们应该注意不要污染自然区域，破坏动物栖息地的农民或公司应该面临严厉的经济处罚。)”这里介绍的是个人可以为保护濒危物种做的事情。再根据本段关键句“Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species. (政府也可以通过制定法律规定捕猎、捕鱼或交易濒危动物是违法行为来保护濒危物种。)由此可知，本段主要讲的是，作为个人和政府，我们可以做些什么来保护濒危物种。G项“So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species (个人和政府能做些什么来保护濒危物种呢？)”能够概括段落主旨。故选G项。
40．空格位于段落的最后一句，本段讲述的是个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取哪些措施。F项“If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations. (如果我们大家合作并采取这些措施，我们将为后代保护这些动物。)”选项内容符合段落主旨，表示如果我们采取这些措施，会带来什么样的成果。故选F项。
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．D 53．C 54．A 55．B
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个令人伤心的消息，如此出人意料，把这位平时沉着冷静、从容不迫的政治家震得失去了平衡。A. outstanding杰出的；B. busy忙碌的；C. calm沉着的；D. considerate体贴的，考虑周到的。And表并列，前后词性一致，根据“and unhurried”可知，所填词与unhurried（从容不迫的）均用于形容这位政治家往日的状态，应同义或近义，且与听到此消息时的状态形成对比，仅有C符合，故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她尽力装作似乎什么也没发生。A. seem似乎；B. talk谈论；C. do做；D. pretend假装。根据下文“as if nothing had happened and made her public appearance as usual.”可知，此处表示她装作似乎什么也没发生，pretend（假装）符合语境，故选D。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她已经不再是那个把一切都掌控在内的首相了。A. construction建设；B. control控制，掌控；C. discussion讨论；D. pressure压力。本题考查固定短语，昔日的首相运筹帷幄，一切尽在掌控之中，under control（处于掌控之下），have everything under control（一切尽在掌控之中）符合昔日撒切尔夫人的形象，故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她成了一个非常悲伤的母亲，无法从震惊中恢复过来。A. respond做出回应，作出反应；B. relieve缓解，减轻；C. reduce减少；D. recover恢复。根据上文“a very sad mother”可知，此时这是一位非常伤心的母亲，因而这位母亲无法从震惊中恢复过来，recover from（从……中恢复过来），故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当她要在一个午餐会上发言时，一个记者再次提起她失踪儿子的话题，使她措手不及。A. subject话题；B. object物体；C. theme主题；D. message信息。根据“her missing son”可知，这是一个话题，此处表示记者提起她儿子失踪的话题。故选A。
46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她对这个问题完全没有心理准备，失去了（情绪）控制。A. hardly几乎不；B. totally完全；C. partly部分地；D. mostly大部分，主要地。根据下文“lost control”（失去控制）可知，此处表示她对记者提出的这个问题是完全没有心理准备的，程度上是totally（完全地）。故选B。
47．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当她哽咽地告诉记者还没有马克的消息时，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。A. because因为；B. though虽然；C. if如果；D. as当……的时候。分析语境，她告诉记者情况的时候，眼泪流了下来，这两个动作在时间上是近乎同时发生的，“当……的时候”符合语境，故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，相关国家都答应尽最大努力帮她找到她的儿子。A. permitted允许；B. admitted承认；C. promised承诺，答应；D. managed设法做成，尽力。分析句意，“do their best to help her find her son”这是一个承诺，答应的事情，C符合语境，注意不要误选D项，managed与do their best同义重复，综上，故选C。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：说着说着，她哭起来，接着无声啜泣了相当长一段时间。所给词都可以和down构成短语A. fell (down)跌倒；B. went(down)下降，下沉；C. broke (down)失控痛哭，情不自禁哭起来；D. brought (down)降低，打倒。结合后半句的sob（啜泣，哭泣）可知，撒切尔夫人此时哭了，仅有break down符合语境，故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地她平静下来，开始按计划讲话。A. agreed同意；B. planned计划；C. announced宣布，声称；D. explained解释。根据“she calmed down”可知，撒切尔夫人冷静下来了，故接下来她按照原有的计划讲话，as planned（按计划），故选B。
51．考查定语从句连接词。句意：这是非常感人的一幕，暴露了撒切尔夫人性格中公众通常看不到的新的一面。A. what什么，宾语从句连接词；B. whose定语从句关系代词；C. where定语从句关系副词；D. which定语从句关系代词。设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词side，且先行词side在从句中做see的宾语，应用which，故选D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此人们开始谈论铁娘子的母爱，这是全人类共通的情感。A. lively生动的，活泼的；B. likely可能的；C. lovely可爱的；D. motherly母亲的，慈母般的。根据文中的同位语提示“a feeling that is common to the human race”可知，这是一种人类共通的情感，即motherly love母爱，此处表示人们讨论坚强女性慈母般的爱（母爱），故选D。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，马克安然无恙地回到了他妈妈身边。像往常一样带着幽默感和笑容，就像什么都没发生过一样。A. hungry and tired又饿又累；B. safe and funny既安全又有趣；C. safe and sound安然无恙；D. tired and sleepy又累又困。她儿子还是一如既往地幽默爱笑，又根据下文“(as if) nothing unusual had ever happened.”可知，她儿子若无其事，像什么都没发生过一样，因而此处是强调“安然无恙”，故选C。
54．考查连词词义辨析。句意：后来，马克安然无恙地回到了他妈妈身边。像往常一样带着幽默感和笑容，就像什么都没发生过一样。A. as if好像，似乎；B. even if即使；C. so that以便；D. if only要是……就好了。结合语境，孩子在撒哈拉沙漠失踪了，后来终于成功归来，这并不是什么都没有发生，只是这孩子装作若无其事，因此是“好像”什么都没发生过，故选A。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但这位铁娘子，撒切尔夫人却再次情不自禁地哭了出来，人们再一次看到她在啜泣。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. besides此外；D. thus因此，从而。孩子的若无其事与母亲的失声痛哭形成了鲜明的对比，前后两人的反应形成了转折关系，故选B。
56．heroes 57．written 58．who 59．was modeled/was modelled 60．meaning 61．to publish 62．anxiety 63．the 64．painful 65．but
66．Dear Mary,
Knowing that you have been admitted to your dream university, I’m so happy that I can’t wait to offer you my heartfelt congratulations.
Meanwhile, I would like to ask you for help. First, I have trouble getting along with my classmates. For example, when they are chatting, I want to join them but find it difficult to truly understand their jokes. Moreover, I find my school life here is not as easy as that in my old school. We have a lot of homework and most of them are in English, so I have to look up new words in dictionary all the time. I feel upset about my life here. Can you help me out
Congratulations again and best wishes for your bright future.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
67．
I learned why my mum was angry later. When she didn’t see me at the 5km finishing line, she and my grandma had gone looking for me and couldn’t find me anywhere. They thought something bad had happened. She’d even given a photograph of me to a fireman, before someone said they’d spotted me in the 10km. I said, “I didn’t do this on purpose, Mum! It was a mistake.” She calmed down when she realised I hadn’t intentionally done it. I felt bad that I had worried her.
My mum went up to the lady who was timing the race. She told my mum, “He finished first. He won the race.” It’s funny, because in the pictures of the finish, there is no one in front of or behind me. I couldn’t believe it. I didn’t even know I was running a 10km and I had won it. My mum and my grandma were so excited and kept hugging me. I was still trying to catch my breath. I felt so happy and proud. It was my first time running such a distance.