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外研版2019-2020学年初中英语九年级上册Module 12 Unit 1同步练习
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1．
Mr. Li worked in a car f two years ago.
【答案】factory
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：李先生两年前在一家汽车厂工作。由首字母f及语句Mr. Li worked in a car推测可知此句需要可数名词factory，工厂。由a提示可知此句要用单数形式，故填factory。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意factory的基本含义及书写。
2．
The farmers are busy watering their c in the fields.
【答案】crops
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：农民们正忙着给庄稼浇水。根据首字母c及语句The farmers are busy watering可知此句需要可数名词crop，庄稼；因表示泛指要用复数形式，故填crops。
【点评】考查名词crop的基本含义及书写。注意crop是可数名词，要根据语境确定其单复数形式。
3．
Remember: We are friends, not (敌人).
We should help each other.
【答案】enemies
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】记住：我们是朋友，不是敌人。我们应该互相帮助。敌人，enemy，可数名词，表示泛指，要用复数形式。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意enemy是可数名词，常用复数形式表示泛指。
4．
The (废弃物) is still useful to us
and we can use it to make new things.
【答案】waste
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：废物对我们仍然有用，我们可以用它来制造新的东西。废弃物，waste，不可数名词，故填waste。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意waste的基本含义及书写。
5．
The water in the river is (被污染的).
People and animals can't drink it.
【答案】polluted
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：河里的水被污染了。人和动物都不能喝。污染，pollute，结合语境可知此句要用被动语态，其结构为be polluted，故填polluted。
【点评】考查单词pollute的基本含义及书写。注意pollute是规则动词，其过去分词是polluted。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6．
The real (dangerous) for you is your lazy mind.
【答案】danger
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：对你来说真正的危险是你的懒惰。结合语境可知此句需要名词。dangerous，危险的，形容词，其对应的名词是danger，不可数名词，故填danger。
【点评】考查名词danger的基本含义及书写。注意danger与dangerous的联系。
7．
Please believe me. I'll do my best to make you (happily).
【答案】happy
【知识点】形容词原级；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：请相信我。我会尽力让你开心。make sb+形容词，让某物处于某种状态。happily，开心地，副词，其对应的形容词happy，开心的，故填happy。
【点评】考查形容词happy的基本含义及书写。注意固定搭配make sb+adj的含义及构成。
8．
They (recycle) empty boxes so as to make other new products
last year.
【答案】recycled
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们回收空盒子，以便在去年生产其他新产品。根据题干中的last year，可知此句要用一般过去时。recycle，回收，动词。其过去式是recycled，故填recycled。
【点评】考查动词recycle的基本含义及用法。注意recycle的过去式的书写。
9．
It's (hope) that she will pass the exam. She never works hard.
【答案】hopeless
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：她通过考试是没有希望的。她从不努力工作。hope，希望，名词。根据题干中的She never works hard.推测，她通过考试没有希望。hopeless，没有希望，是hope的反义词，故填hopeless。
【点评】考查名词hopeless的基本含义及拼写。注意hope与hopeless是一对反义词。
10．
The terrible illness (kill) some children in the country since
last week.
【答案】has killed
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：这场可怕的疾病自上星期以来在该国造成一些儿童死亡。根据题干中的since last week，可知此句要用现在完成时。其谓语部分的构成是has或have+过去分词。kill，杀害，动词，其过去分词是killed。主语the terrible illness是第三人称单数形式，助动词要用has，故填has killed。
【点评】考查现在完成时的基本构成及用法。注意since last week.是本句使用现在完成时的关键词。
三、单项选择
11．— Many people eat ________________ meat than they did before.
— Yes, that's why they're getting fatter and fatter.
A．more B．less C．fewer D．much
【答案】A
【知识点】比较级的一般句式
【解析】【分析】句意：——许多人吃的肉比以前多了。——是的，这就是他们越来越胖的原因。A 更多，修饰可数名词或不可数名词；B 更少，修饰不可数名词；C 更少，修饰可数名词；D 多，修饰不可数名词。根据下句that's why they're getting fatter and fatter.可知上句表示吃的肉更多，要用比较级，meat是不可数名词，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级的基本用法。注意more的原级是much或many。
12．Pollution is everywhere. I'm ________________ our future.
A．pleased with B．interested in C．excited about D．worried about
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：污染无处不在。我担心我们的未来。A 对……满意；B 对……感兴趣；C 对……激动；D 对……担心。根据题干中的Pollution is everywhere.可知此句表示对未来担心，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意Pollution is everywhere.是此题的关键信息。
13．— Mum, doing the homework all the time makes me dull. What about going on a picnic
— ________________
A．Help yourself. B．That's a good idea.
C．You're welcome. D．What a pity!
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，一直做作业让我很无聊。去野餐怎么样？——好主意。A 随便吃；B 好主意；C 太客气；D 很遗憾。根据语句What about going on a picnic 可知这是个建议，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意各个选项所用于的语境。
14．I want to borrow a book ________________ the environment.
A．in B．at C．from D．on
【答案】D
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我想借一本关于环境的书。A 在里面；B 在某个时刻；C 来自；D 关于。根据a book …the environment可知此句表示关于环境的书，故选D。
【点评】考点介词辨析。注意熟记介词on的基本用法。
四、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
15．听着,杰克。活在过去是没有用的。
Listen,
Jack. It's in the past.
【答案】no；use；living
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“活在过去没用”。be no use doing sth，做某事没有用；生活live，动词，其动名词形式是living，故填no use living。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语no use doing sth的基本含义及构成。
16．看！飞机场里有如此多的飞机。
Look!
There are planes at the airport.
【答案】so；many
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“那么多”，其英文翻译为so many或so much，前者修饰可数名词复数形式，后者修饰不可数名词。结合题干中的planes，可数名词复数形式，故填so many。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语so many与so much的基本用法。
17．这张照片使我想起了我的英语老师。
The
photo makes me my English teacher.
【答案】think；of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“想起”，其英文翻译为think of，固定短语。结合题干中的make sb do sth，让某人做某事，空格要用原形，故填think of。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语make sb do sth的基本含义及构成。
18．我认识他们当中的很多人，例如约翰彼得和汤姆。
I
know many of them, John, Peter and Tom.
【答案】such；as
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“例如”，其英文翻译为for example或such as。前者一般接一个例子，是整个句子；而such as后可以接多个例子，只能是短语，故答案为such as。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语for example与such as在用法上的区别。
五、用方框中所给的选项补全对话
19．用方框中所给的选项补全对话
R:
Hi! I'm from China Daily. I want to write a report about the environment.
J:
Yes, of course.
R:
J:
I think the environment is getting worse and worse.
R:
J:
We should reduce pollution, plant more trees and recycle reusable things.
R:
Yes, I agree.
J:
I have joined the "Greener China" and planted many trees.
R:
Good. I think everyone should do something to protect the environment.
J:
Yes, then the environment will get better and better.
R:
Thank you.
J:
A.
What do you think of the environment B.
What have you done to protect the environment C.
May I ask you some questions D.
What can we do with it E.
You are welcome. F.
I'm sorry to hear that. G.
The environment is very good.
【答案】C；A；D；B；E
【知识点】补全对话
【解析】【分析】A. What do you think of the environment 你觉得环境怎么样？
B. What have you done to protect the environment 你为保护环境做了什么？
C. May I ask you some questions 我可以问你一些问题吗？
D. What can we do with it 我们怎样处理？
E. You are welcome. 不客气。
F. I'm sorry to hear that.听到这个我很难过。
G. The environment is very good.环境很好。
（1）根据上文语句Hi! I'm from China Daily. I want to write a report about the environment. 以及下文语句Yes, of course.可知此句应该是我可以问你一些问题吗？故选C。
（2）根据下文语句I think the environment is getting worse and worse.可知此句询问的是你觉得环境怎么样？故选A。
（3）根据下文语句We should reduce pollution, plant more trees and recycle reusable things.可知此句表示我们应该真有做？故选D。
（4）根据下文语句I have joined the "Greener China" and planted many trees.可知，此句询问的是你做了些什么，故选B。
（5）根据上文语句Thank you.可知此句应该回答，不客气，故选E。
【点评】对于情景交际题，需要学生必须结合一定的语境，联系上下文进行选择。一般是根据问句选答语，或是根据答语选问句。
六、阅读理解
20．阅读理解
A new
rubbish sorting system(垃圾分类系统) has been put into use
in Fangchengyuan Community in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish,
but also put QR codes (二维码) on it.
"When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get
reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money," one of the
local people told reporters. "It's really creative and encouraging."
This
smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of
China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support
rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish
people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China
produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried(填埋) in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills (填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and
water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting,
we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What's
more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits(经济利益). For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850
kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits,
some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
Japan
has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the
cap, the wrapper(包装纸) and the bottle itself
have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special
rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They
are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away
rubbish.
In
Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins- the red lid(盖子) bin for general waste "like food and plastic bags, the yellow
lid bin for "recycling" like steel and glass, and the green lid bin
for "green waste" such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins
are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes
recycling quite easy.
（1）What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community
A．A computer. B．A car.
C．A lot of money. D．Some small gifts.
（2）Which of the following is NOT the consequence(后果) of burying rubbish
A．Polluting soil. B．Polluting water.
C．Taking up a lot of land. D．Saving resources.
（3）Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting
A．Paragraph3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph 6.
（4）In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin.
C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable (可循环再用的) wastes.
B．In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins.
C．Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first.
D．Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish strictly.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
（5）C
【知识点】科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了北京，日本，以及澳大利亚等实施垃圾分类的方式及意义。
（1）细节理解题。通过第二段中I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money..…可知当地小区的居民可以得到一些小礼物。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。短文中句子Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.可知，填埋垃圾占用大量土地，污染土壤和水是填埋垃圾造成的直接后果。故选D。
（3）段意理解题。段首句子What's more，rubbish sorting saves resources，which could bring economic benefits（经济利益）.提示第五段说明的是垃圾分类产生的经济利益。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。短文中句子.…the red lid（盖子）bin for"general waste"like food and plastic bags...提示剩饭放在红色盖子的垃圾桶里。故选A。
（5）综合理解题。核对各项信息与短文的描述可知，C项与短文句子Japan has a strict and detailed system.When people throw away a water bottle，the cap，the wrapper（包装纸）and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.（日本人扔一个水瓶子时，要把瓶盖、包装纸和瓶子分别放到三个垃圾箱里）叙述相符。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。阅读短文时，可以先通读全文，了解文章大意，并对于其中的词汇根据句意进行猜测；然后，带着问题，在文中找答案，应该注意同义句型的不同表述方式。
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外研版2019-2020学年初中英语九年级上册Module 12 Unit 1同步练习
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1．
Mr. Li worked in a car f two years ago.
2．
The farmers are busy watering their c in the fields.
3．
Remember: We are friends, not (敌人).
We should help each other.
4．
The (废弃物) is still useful to us
and we can use it to make new things.
5．
The water in the river is (被污染的).
People and animals can't drink it.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6．
The real (dangerous) for you is your lazy mind.
7．
Please believe me. I'll do my best to make you (happily).
8．
They (recycle) empty boxes so as to make other new products
last year.
9．
It's (hope) that she will pass the exam. She never works hard.
10．
The terrible illness (kill) some children in the country since
last week.
三、单项选择
11．— Many people eat ________________ meat than they did before.
— Yes, that's why they're getting fatter and fatter.
A．more B．less C．fewer D．much
12．Pollution is everywhere. I'm ________________ our future.
A．pleased with B．interested in C．excited about D．worried about
13．— Mum, doing the homework all the time makes me dull. What about going on a picnic
— ________________
A．Help yourself. B．That's a good idea.
C．You're welcome. D．What a pity!
14．I want to borrow a book ________________ the environment.
A．in B．at C．from D．on
四、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
15．听着,杰克。活在过去是没有用的。
Listen,
Jack. It's in the past.
16．看！飞机场里有如此多的飞机。
Look!
There are planes at the airport.
17．这张照片使我想起了我的英语老师。
The
photo makes me my English teacher.
18．我认识他们当中的很多人，例如约翰彼得和汤姆。
I
know many of them, John, Peter and Tom.
五、用方框中所给的选项补全对话
19．用方框中所给的选项补全对话
R:
Hi! I'm from China Daily. I want to write a report about the environment.
J:
Yes, of course.
R:
J:
I think the environment is getting worse and worse.
R:
J:
We should reduce pollution, plant more trees and recycle reusable things.
R:
Yes, I agree.
J:
I have joined the "Greener China" and planted many trees.
R:
Good. I think everyone should do something to protect the environment.
J:
Yes, then the environment will get better and better.
R:
Thank you.
J:
A.
What do you think of the environment B.
What have you done to protect the environment C.
May I ask you some questions D.
What can we do with it E.
You are welcome. F.
I'm sorry to hear that. G.
The environment is very good.
六、阅读理解
20．阅读理解
A new
rubbish sorting system(垃圾分类系统) has been put into use
in Fangchengyuan Community in Beijing. Local people not only sort their rubbish,
but also put QR codes (二维码) on it.
"When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get
reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money," one of the
local people told reporters. "It's really creative and encouraging."
This
smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of
China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support
rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish
people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China
produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried(填埋) in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills (填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and
water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting,
we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What's
more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits(经济利益). For example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850
kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits,
some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
Japan
has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the
cap, the wrapper(包装纸) and the bottle itself
have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special
rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They
are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away
rubbish.
In
Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins- the red lid(盖子) bin for general waste "like food and plastic bags, the yellow
lid bin for "recycling" like steel and glass, and the green lid bin
for "green waste" such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins
are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes
recycling quite easy.
（1）What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community
A．A computer. B．A car.
C．A lot of money. D．Some small gifts.
（2）Which of the following is NOT the consequence(后果) of burying rubbish
A．Polluting soil. B．Polluting water.
C．Taking up a lot of land. D．Saving resources.
（3）Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting
A．Paragraph3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph 6.
（4）In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin.
C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable (可循环再用的) wastes.
B．In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins.
C．Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first.
D．Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish strictly.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】factory
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：李先生两年前在一家汽车厂工作。由首字母f及语句Mr. Li worked in a car推测可知此句需要可数名词factory，工厂。由a提示可知此句要用单数形式，故填factory。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意factory的基本含义及书写。
2．【答案】crops
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：农民们正忙着给庄稼浇水。根据首字母c及语句The farmers are busy watering可知此句需要可数名词crop，庄稼；因表示泛指要用复数形式，故填crops。
【点评】考查名词crop的基本含义及书写。注意crop是可数名词，要根据语境确定其单复数形式。
3．【答案】enemies
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】记住：我们是朋友，不是敌人。我们应该互相帮助。敌人，enemy，可数名词，表示泛指，要用复数形式。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意enemy是可数名词，常用复数形式表示泛指。
4．【答案】waste
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：废物对我们仍然有用，我们可以用它来制造新的东西。废弃物，waste，不可数名词，故填waste。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意waste的基本含义及书写。
5．【答案】polluted
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：河里的水被污染了。人和动物都不能喝。污染，pollute，结合语境可知此句要用被动语态，其结构为be polluted，故填polluted。
【点评】考查单词pollute的基本含义及书写。注意pollute是规则动词，其过去分词是polluted。
6．【答案】danger
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：对你来说真正的危险是你的懒惰。结合语境可知此句需要名词。dangerous，危险的，形容词，其对应的名词是danger，不可数名词，故填danger。
【点评】考查名词danger的基本含义及书写。注意danger与dangerous的联系。
7．【答案】happy
【知识点】形容词原级；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：请相信我。我会尽力让你开心。make sb+形容词，让某物处于某种状态。happily，开心地，副词，其对应的形容词happy，开心的，故填happy。
【点评】考查形容词happy的基本含义及书写。注意固定搭配make sb+adj的含义及构成。
8．【答案】recycled
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们回收空盒子，以便在去年生产其他新产品。根据题干中的last year，可知此句要用一般过去时。recycle，回收，动词。其过去式是recycled，故填recycled。
【点评】考查动词recycle的基本含义及用法。注意recycle的过去式的书写。
9．【答案】hopeless
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：她通过考试是没有希望的。她从不努力工作。hope，希望，名词。根据题干中的She never works hard.推测，她通过考试没有希望。hopeless，没有希望，是hope的反义词，故填hopeless。
【点评】考查名词hopeless的基本含义及拼写。注意hope与hopeless是一对反义词。
10．【答案】has killed
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：这场可怕的疾病自上星期以来在该国造成一些儿童死亡。根据题干中的since last week，可知此句要用现在完成时。其谓语部分的构成是has或have+过去分词。kill，杀害，动词，其过去分词是killed。主语the terrible illness是第三人称单数形式，助动词要用has，故填has killed。
【点评】考查现在完成时的基本构成及用法。注意since last week.是本句使用现在完成时的关键词。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】比较级的一般句式
【解析】【分析】句意：——许多人吃的肉比以前多了。——是的，这就是他们越来越胖的原因。A 更多，修饰可数名词或不可数名词；B 更少，修饰不可数名词；C 更少，修饰可数名词；D 多，修饰不可数名词。根据下句that's why they're getting fatter and fatter.可知上句表示吃的肉更多，要用比较级，meat是不可数名词，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级的基本用法。注意more的原级是much或many。
12．【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：污染无处不在。我担心我们的未来。A 对……满意；B 对……感兴趣；C 对……激动；D 对……担心。根据题干中的Pollution is everywhere.可知此句表示对未来担心，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意Pollution is everywhere.是此题的关键信息。
13．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，一直做作业让我很无聊。去野餐怎么样？——好主意。A 随便吃；B 好主意；C 太客气；D 很遗憾。根据语句What about going on a picnic 可知这是个建议，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意各个选项所用于的语境。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我想借一本关于环境的书。A 在里面；B 在某个时刻；C 来自；D 关于。根据a book …the environment可知此句表示关于环境的书，故选D。
【点评】考点介词辨析。注意熟记介词on的基本用法。
15．【答案】no；use；living
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“活在过去没用”。be no use doing sth，做某事没有用；生活live，动词，其动名词形式是living，故填no use living。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语no use doing sth的基本含义及构成。
16．【答案】so；many
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“那么多”，其英文翻译为so many或so much，前者修饰可数名词复数形式，后者修饰不可数名词。结合题干中的planes，可数名词复数形式，故填so many。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语so many与so much的基本用法。
17．【答案】think；of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“想起”，其英文翻译为think of，固定短语。结合题干中的make sb do sth，让某人做某事，空格要用原形，故填think of。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语make sb do sth的基本含义及构成。
18．【答案】such；as
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分“例如”，其英文翻译为for example或such as。前者一般接一个例子，是整个句子；而such as后可以接多个例子，只能是短语，故答案为such as。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意固定短语for example与such as在用法上的区别。
19．【答案】C；A；D；B；E
【知识点】补全对话
【解析】【分析】A. What do you think of the environment 你觉得环境怎么样？
B. What have you done to protect the environment 你为保护环境做了什么？
C. May I ask you some questions 我可以问你一些问题吗？
D. What can we do with it 我们怎样处理？
E. You are welcome. 不客气。
F. I'm sorry to hear that.听到这个我很难过。
G. The environment is very good.环境很好。
（1）根据上文语句Hi! I'm from China Daily. I want to write a report about the environment. 以及下文语句Yes, of course.可知此句应该是我可以问你一些问题吗？故选C。
（2）根据下文语句I think the environment is getting worse and worse.可知此句询问的是你觉得环境怎么样？故选A。
（3）根据下文语句We should reduce pollution, plant more trees and recycle reusable things.可知此句表示我们应该真有做？故选D。
（4）根据下文语句I have joined the "Greener China" and planted many trees.可知，此句询问的是你做了些什么，故选B。
（5）根据上文语句Thank you.可知此句应该回答，不客气，故选E。
【点评】对于情景交际题，需要学生必须结合一定的语境，联系上下文进行选择。一般是根据问句选答语，或是根据答语选问句。
20．【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
（5）C
【知识点】科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了北京，日本，以及澳大利亚等实施垃圾分类的方式及意义。
（1）细节理解题。通过第二段中I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money..…可知当地小区的居民可以得到一些小礼物。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。短文中句子Landfills（填埋场）take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.可知，填埋垃圾占用大量土地，污染土壤和水是填埋垃圾造成的直接后果。故选D。
（3）段意理解题。段首句子What's more，rubbish sorting saves resources，which could bring economic benefits（经济利益）.提示第五段说明的是垃圾分类产生的经济利益。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。短文中句子.…the red lid（盖子）bin for"general waste"like food and plastic bags...提示剩饭放在红色盖子的垃圾桶里。故选A。
（5）综合理解题。核对各项信息与短文的描述可知，C项与短文句子Japan has a strict and detailed system.When people throw away a water bottle，the cap，the wrapper（包装纸）and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.（日本人扔一个水瓶子时，要把瓶盖、包装纸和瓶子分别放到三个垃圾箱里）叙述相符。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。阅读短文时，可以先通读全文，了解文章大意，并对于其中的词汇根据句意进行猜测；然后，带着问题，在文中找答案，应该注意同义句型的不同表述方式。
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