牛津版（深圳?广州）2019-2020学年初中英语八年级上册Unit 7 自主检测

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牛津版（深圳 广州）2019-2020学年初中英语八年级上册Unit 7 自主检测
一、从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项。
1．He made the silly mistake again!
A．shy B．smart C．stupa
2．I don't understand the sentence. Could you explain it again
A．study the meaning of B．form the meaning of C．know the meaning of
3．You can study hard and improve it.
A．make sth. bad B．make sth. better C．make sth. worse
4．Sorry, I forgot to bring the English book.
A．didn't remember B．remembered C．didn't think
5．I won't go to the party unless I'm invited.
A．until B．even if C．as long a
6．I have trouble learning English.
A．a problem B．a skill C．a secret
7．The last step is to open the box together.
A．measure B．idea C．foot
8．The stamp is not worth collecting.
A．worth to B．worthy in C．worthy of
二、根据句子意思,从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的词语完成句子。
9．His opinions are similar _______ yours but different _______ Julia's
A．to; from B．from; to C．as; with
10．Is it true that some parts of our brain can grow bigger _______ we use _______ a lot
A．if; it B．unless; it C．if; them
11．Wolves will _______ their lives _______ the loss of the trees and forests.
A．lose: because B．lose; because of C．lost; because
12．—How much did you _______ the earrings, Mrs. Black
— Oh, they _______ me 2, 000 dollars.
A．spend; cost B．pay for; took C．pay for; cost
13．The teacher made us _______ the ways _______ our English.
A．to understand; of improving
B．understand; of improve
C．understand; to improve
14．Making pictures in your mind _______ also a good way for you to memorize things.
A．is B．are C．has
15．—Thank you for taking me around your school, Daming.
— _______.
A．don't mention it B． Never mind C．Of course not
三、完形填空
16．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出能填人相应空白处的最佳选项。
When
learning new vocabulary, don't just memorize the list of words （1） , try
to make five sentences using each new word. Then use the new words as often as
you can the first day you learn them. This way you will remember new words （2） longer.
Practise
sounds, you know, which are difficult—take the "th" sound for example.
Choose words that （3） "th" and repeat them over and over again
until you are comfortable with them. Let's try! This, that, those them, think,
thought, through, thin, thick…
Read,
read, and read—in English, of course! Reading is one of （4） ways to increase your vocabulary and （5） your grammar in a natural and fun way. Be sure
to choose topics or books you are interested in.
When
someone （6） in
English, listen for the main point. If you （7） a word you don't understand, ignore(忽视) （8） and go on listening. If you stop and think
about the word, you will miss （9） the person is saying.
Always
remember that practice （10） perfect.
（1）A．Instead of B．Instead C．Rather than
（2）A．much B．many C．more
（3）A．end up with B．begin C．begin with
（4）A．best B．the best C．better
（5）A．encourage B．char C．improve
（6）A．is talking B．talk C．are talking
（7）A．listen B．hear C．listen to
（8）A．one B．them C．it
（9）A．nothing else B．everything else C．everything other
（10）A．makes B．making C．make
四、阅读理解
17．阅读理解
The
listening test is one of the most important parts of the English exam. Here are
some tips for you.
Before
you start to listen, you need to relax. Don't be stressed out. And try to read
the questions. These questions usually help you understand the conversation or
the passage.
Then
listen carefully to the first sentence. It usually tells you the main idea of
the passage. While you're listening, try to do some thinking and take some
notes, such as
What
happened
When,
where, and how
What
does the speaker want to tell us
In
this way, you may understand the passage better.
Please
remember not to think about one or two words for a long time. When you hear
some words you don't know, don t spend too much time on them. Very often,
you'll find out what they mean later when you go on with the listening.
（1）This passage mainly talks about ______.
A．tips on listening B．tips on speaking
C．tips on reading D．tips on writing
（2）It's better for you to keep ______ when you start to have a listening test.
A．excited B．relaxed C．stressed out D．worried
（3）We should listen to the first sentence carefully, because it usually tells us ______.
A．the answers to the questions
B．where to write the answers
C．the main idea of the conversation or the passage
D．how much time is left for the listening test
（4）When you're listening, it's important for you to ______.
A．remember every word
B．take some notes
C．understand all the words
D．think about one or two words for a long time
18．阅读理解
Dear
Kate,
I saw
your name and address in the Pen friend magazine, and I would like to be your
pen friend. First, I will tell you some things about myself. My name is Sidney.
I'm fourteen years old. I'm about five feet tall. I have short black hair and
brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess.
I
live with my parents. They came to England about 30 years ago. They came from
Hong Kong, but I have never been there. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant
in Newcastle. We live in a small house near our restaurant. I was born in
Newcastle in 2003. I can speak Chinese, but I cannot write it very well. I have
a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works as an architect in London.
I'm
in Walker School. It is near my house, so I can walk to school. I like my school
because the teachers are friendly. My school has many sports fields like sports
very much. I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter, and tennis in summer.
My favourite subject is Physics. I want to be an engineer.
I'll
send you a photo of myself with my school friends. I hope you will write to me
soon, and tell me all about you.
Yours,
Sidney
（1）Sidney wants to ______.
A．tell Kate about her family B．make friends with Kate
C．practise her English D．tell Kate about her school life
（2）How many people are there in Sidney's family
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
（3）Where was Sidney born
A．In China. B．In England. C．In Canada. D．In Japan.
（4）What's Sidney's favourite sport in winter
A．Tennis B．Computer games.
C．Badminton. D．Running
19．阅读理解
The
human brain weights about 1.4 kilograms, but it can hold much more information
than most computers can. However, there is another difference between humans
and puters don't forget formation they are given, but humans
often do. No one remembers everything and luckily we don't usually have to. But
everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.
Try
to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says
"Hi! I'm Carlos" don't just say "Hello". Repeat the person
s name. Say "______".
Break
a big number into smaller parts. For example, it's hard to memorize 109244153.
But if you break it into three parts——109/2447153—it becomes easier.
Write
out what you need to remember again. This will help you keep it in mind longer,
especially for memorizing formulas(公式) or facts.
Always
receive information. If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they
become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it's a good
idea to receive the new things you have learned that day.
Discuss
with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You
can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong and it will lead to
the right answer.
Never
tell yourself that you have a bad memory. You can always do something to help
improve your memory. And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often
enough.
All
of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve
your memory.
（1）How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six
（2）Which should be put in the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2
A．Hello, Carlos. B．How do you do
C．Hello, I am Sophia. D．Glad to meet you!
（3）What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage
A．To store it in a computer. B．To break it into smaller parts.
C．To discuss it with a friend. D．To receive it before you sleep
（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Discussing with friends can help you remember things.
B．Receiving information can help you fall asleep.
C．Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.
D．Human beings can improve their memory on the computer.
20．阅读理解
Did
you know that each day one person in the USA throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish
Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone. Packaging
(including boxes, bags, etc.) comes to our homes with the things we have
bought. Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of
rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible. What
can we do to help We should get to know the following Rs.
Reduce
To reduce means to make less rubbish. That is one of the first things we all
should do for the environment. Reduce your rubbish by doing things like packing
your lunch in reusable containers(可再利用的容器), taking smaller
portions(份) at dinner so you don't waste food when you
have had enough, writing on both sides of paper, and using less water when taking
a shower.
Reuse
to reuse is to use things again. Think about the bags you get from the shop.
They can be reused to carry your lunch, to hold your rubbish, or to collect
used cans. You can even take them back to the school next time to carry your
things instead of getting a new bag!
Recycle(回收利用)
Recycling is an important part of keeping our planet clean and green. It can
also save energy. Be sure that you don't throw things in the rubbish bins that
can be recycled to make something else Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all
be recycled. But food, electrical waste and mobile phones cant. When you are
not sure whether something can be recycled, go to your parents and teachers for
advice.
Follow
the three Rs, and every one of us can do something to save the Earth. It is
also the best way to save ourselves.
（1）The first paragraph of the passage implies(暗示) that ______.
A．packaging should be given up B．Italy is too dirty for us to visit
C．the USA produces the most rubbish D．the Earth is becoming dirtier
（2）If you want to reduce, you should ______.
A．make good use of your paper B．take a bath instead of a shower
C．eat a small dinner every day D．pack your lunch with newspapers
（3）The writer seems to ask people to reuse the bags ______.
A．only as rubbish bags B．only for carrying other things
C．mainly to have a cleaner world D．mainly to save some money
（4）Which of the following can be recycled
A．Food and bottles. B．Books and newspapers.
C．Paper and mobile phones. D．Plastic and electrical waste.
21．阅读理解
Picture
the scene: It's midnight. You're very hungry after studying for a long time.
Then you see a nice pie in the fridge. Do you eat it It seems that you shouldn't,
for many reasons, including its influence on your studies.
Scientists
have long known that eating late at night can make us gain weight. But now a
new study has shown that late— night eating can also have a bad influence on
our brains—it might hurt our ability to learn new things and store
memories.
“We
believe that late—night eating may affect(影响) our learning by affecting the parts of the brain that control
learning and memory, "Dawn
Lon,
PhD, a project scientist at the University of California, Los Angeles said,"
we believe the timing of when we eat is the main cause of the damaged (受损的)
memory."
For
the study, the researchers looked at mice with strict feeding plans for two
weeks, the mice were either allowed to eat during the time when they are
usually the most active, or during the time when they usually sleep.
The
mice received the same amount of sleep and calories.
Then the researchers tested the brains of
the mice. In one test, the researchers tried to find out whether the mice could
remember that a room was connected to an electric shock(电击)
after 24 hours had gone by.
The
researchers noticed that when the mice were put in the room again hose mice
that ate when they should have been sleeping were less likely(可能的)
to get scared than those mice that ate during usual hours. It means that they
didn't remember.
So
think twice before the midnight snack— it might be bad for more than your
weight.
（1）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Studying for long. B．A nice pie.
C．A new stud. D．Late—night eating.
（2）For the study, the researchers need to ______.
A．check the brains of the mice before the test started
B．feed the mice only during the time when they usually sleep
C．keep the mice in a room with an electric shock all the time
D．let the mice receive the same amount of sleep and calories
（3）According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE
A．a recent study shows late eating affects weight.
B．What we eat can affect learning and memory.
C．The mice that ate during sleeping hours didn't remember.
D．The mice that ate during usual hours didn't remember.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Eating snacks affects memory B．Late eating hurts brain
C．Never stay up late D．Keep away from snacks
五、语法填空
22．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
Have
you ever been cycling(骑自行车运动) This spring my elder brother and I 　 　 (spend)
a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode 　 　 (slow)
along because we didn't want to break any speed records, or do sports. We just
wanted 　 　 (get) some fresh air and a break from
schoolwork. We really had a great time 　 　 (ride)
along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that
made us happy: every few 　 　 (kilometre) there was a village where we could
find everything we needed.
All
the local people were really friendly. However, 　 　 the
second day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes(刹车) started
making noise, but I didn't mind at all. At 　 　 midnight
we were woken by the noise in the hotel. We were tired 　 　we set off the next morning, but
soon felt cheerful when the sun came out.
What
we 　 　 (enjoy) most about cycling was that it was simple
and fun. I think nothing is 　 　 (good) than cycling if you're looking for a
break that is active and cheap.
Why
not have a try
六、书面表达
23．假设你是李明，你的英国笔友丹尼记忆力不好，为此他感到非常苦恼。
请你给他发一封电子邮件,给他提出一些提高记忆力的建议。词数80左右
写作提示:1）开篇点题,针对笔友的问题提出建议；2）提出提高记忆
力的四条具体建议；3）结尾综述,提出希望。
How to improve your
memory
Dear
Danny,
I'm
your penfriend Li Ming.
I
hope my advice can help you. Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他再次犯了愚蠢的错误。A.害羞的；B.聪明的；C.愚蠢的。silly意思是愚蠢的，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记选项意思，然后根据句意确定同义词。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我不明白这个句子，你能再次解释它吗？A.研究意思；B.形成意思；C.知道意思。understand意思是理解，明白，即知道意思，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线意思，然后根据句意和选项意思确定意思相近选项。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你可以努力学习和提高它。A.让某物变差；B.让某物变得更好；C.让某物变得更差。improve意思是改善，提高，即让……变得更好，故选B。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线和选项意思，然后根据句意确定。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我忘记带英语书了。A.不记得；B.记得；C.不认为。forgot意思是忘记，即不记得，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线意思，然后根据句意确定。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非我被邀请，除非我不将去聚会。A.直到；B.尽管；C.只要。unless意思是除非，即直到我被邀请我才去聚会，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线和选项意思，然后根据句意确定意思相近选项。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我学习英语有问题。A.问题；B.技能；C.秘密。trouble意思是问题，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记trouble的同义词是problem。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：最后一步是一起打开箱子。A.方法，措施；B.主意；C.足。step意思是步骤，即方法，措施，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线和选项意思，然后根据句意确定意思相近选项。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这张邮票不值得收集。worth，值得的，be worth doing sth.=be worthy of doing sth.值得做某事，固定搭配，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记be worth doing sth.=be worthy of doing sth.。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：他的观点和你的相似，但是和Julia的不同。be similar to，和……相似，固定搭配；be different from，和……不同，固定搭配，故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配be similar to和be different from。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】代词辨析；连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们大量使用大脑，大脑的某些部分会变更大，这是真的吗？if如果；unless除非......否则；it它，单数；them它们，复数。大脑变得更大的条件是大量使用大脑，表示条件，所以用if；brain是不可数名词，所以用it代指，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析和代词辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】表因果关系的连词；介词短语；动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：因为树和森林的消失，狼将失去它们的生命。lose失去，实义动词，其过去式是lost；because因为，后面接句子，because因为，后面接名词、宾格、动名词等，不接句子。情态动词will后面用动词原形，所以用lose，排除C。the loss of the trees and forests不是句子，所以用because of，故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词will后面用动词原形和because与because of区别。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——你花多少钱买的耳坠，布莱克夫人？——哦，它们花费我2000美元。spend+金钱+doing sth./on sth.，花费金钱做某事；sth. cost sb.+金钱，某物花费某人多少钱；pay+金钱+for sth.，花费多少钱买……；it takes/took sb. sometime to do，花费时间做某事。指的是花费金钱，所以不能用take，排除B。用spend要用介词on，排除A，故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意平时识记其区别。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：老师让我们明白提高英语的方法。make sb. do sth.，让某人做某事，固定搭配，understand，理解，实义动词，排除A。the ways to do sth./of doing sth.做某事的方法，固定搭配，故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配make sb. do sth.和the ways to do sth./of doing sth.。
14．【答案】A
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：脑海中画出图画也是你记忆事物的好方法。making pictures in your mind是句子主语，making是动名词，动名词做主语时谓语动词用单数，are是复数，排除B。has有，is是。脑海中画出图画也是你记忆事物的好方法。所以用is，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意平时识记动名词做主语谓语动词用单数。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——谢谢你把我带到你学校附近，大明。——不用谢。A.不用谢；B.不介意；C.当然不。他人说谢谢，你要回答不用谢或者不客气，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，首先识记选项意思，然后根据句意确定。
16．【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A
【知识点】教育类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了学习新词汇、练习发音、阅读和练习听力时的一些方法。
（1）句意：学习新词汇时，不要只记住单词表，相反，试着用每个单词造出五个句子A.而不是，介词；B.相反，反而，副词；C.而不是。位于句首，根据句意可知是相反，故选B。
（2）句意：用这种方式你将更长时间记住新单词。longer是比较级，much修饰比较级，many和more不修饰比较级，故选A。
（3）句意：选择以“th”开头的单词，重复它们直到你对它们很满意。A.以……结束；B.开始；C.以……开始。根据后句This, that, those them, think, thought, through, thin, thick可知都是以th开头的单词，begin with以......开始，故选C。
（4）句意：阅读是增加你词汇量的最好的方式之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示最......之一，固定搭配，best最好的，最高级；better更好的，比较级。所以用the best，故选B。
（5）句意：用一种自然有趣的方式提高你的语法。A.鼓励；B.烧焦；C.提高，改善。提高改善语法，故选C。
（6）句意：当有人用英语谈论的时候，听重点。当有人正在谈论，所以用现在进行时，结构是be doing，主语someone是复合不定代词，所以be用is，talk的ing是talking，故选A。
（7）句意：如果你听见一个你不理解的单词，忽略它，继续听。A.听；B.听见；C.听......。listen是不及物动词，强调听的动作；hear听见，强调听的结果，听见单词，强调的是结果，所以用hear，故选B。
（8）句意：如果你听见一个你不理解的单词，忽略它，继续听。A.一个；B.它们；C.它。忽略没有听到的那个单词，aword是单数，所以用it代指，故选C。
（9）句意：如果你停下来想一想这个词，你就会错过这个人说的其他每一句话。A.没有其他事情；B.其他每件事情；C.没有此表达。想做个单词会错过其他的每件事情，故选B。
（10）句意：总是记住熟能生巧。宾语从句中主语practice是不可数名词，时态是一般现在时，主语make用单三式makes，故选A。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
17．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】教育类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了英语听力测试的一些建议。
（1）主旨题。根据The listening test is one of the most important parts of the English exam. Here are some tips for you.可知主要讲了英语听力测试的一些建议，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据Before you start to listen, you need to relax可知开始听听力前放松是重要的，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据Then listen carefully to the first sentence. It usually tells you the main idea of the passage.可知认真听第一个句子，因为第一句通常告诉我们文章的主旨大意，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据While you're listening, try to do some thinking and take some notes可知当听听力时做笔记也是重要的，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
18．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】日常生活类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信告诉Kate想和她成为笔友，并且介绍了自己的一些情况，希望Kate快点回信告诉自己她的情况。
（1）细节题。根据and I would like to be your pen friend.可知Sidney想成为Kate的笔友，即想和Kate交朋友，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据I live with my parents.I have a brother called Edwin.可知Sidney和父母住一起，并且有个哥哥，所以一共四口人，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据I was born in Newcastle in 2003.可知Sidney出生在纽卡斯尔，纽卡斯尔是英国的，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter我喜欢在冬天打橄榄球和羽毛球，可知是羽毛球，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
19．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了提高记忆的一些建议。
（1）细节题。根据2到7段可知每段都是一个建议，所以是6个建议，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据前句don't just say "Hello". Repeat the person's name.可知不要仅仅说“Hello”，要重复这个人的名字，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Break a big number into smaller parts.可知把一个大数字分成几个小部分可以帮助记忆，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions.可知和朋友讨论可以更容易记住事情，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
20．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了处理垃圾的三者方式：减少垃圾、重复利用垃圾和回收利用垃圾。
（1）细节题。根据第一段Did you know that each day one person in the USA throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone. Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible.可知人们乱扔垃圾让地球变得更脏了，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Reduce your rubbish by...writing on both sides of paper.可知在纸的两面都写字来充分利用纸张降低污染，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据全文可知减少垃圾、重复利用垃圾和回收利用垃圾都是为了让世界变得更干净，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all be recycled.可知纸、塑料、罐子、瓶子都可以被回收利用，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
21．【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】医疗保健类；教育类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了吃夜宵不仅会增加我们的体重。也会对我们的大脑有坏的影响。
（1）推断题。根据 a new study has shown that late— night eating can also have a bad influence on our brains可知研究表明吃夜宵对大脑也有坏处，所以it代指吃夜宵，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据The mice received the same amount of sleep and calories.可知老鼠得到的睡眠和热量是一样的，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据The researchers noticed that when the mice were put in the room again hose mice that ate when they should have been sleeping were less likely(可能的) to get scared than those mice that ate during usual hours. It means that they didn't remember.可知研究人员注意到，当老鼠再次被放在房间里时，那些在本该睡觉的时候吃东西的老鼠比那些平时吃东西的老鼠更不可能害怕。这意味着他们不记得了，故选C。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了吃夜宵不仅会增加我们的体重。也会对我们的大脑有坏的影响，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
22．【答案】spent；slowly；to get；riding；kilometers；on；a；when；enjoyed；better
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者和哥哥今年春天在乡下骑自行车时的所见所想。
（1）句意：今年春天，我和哥哥在乡下骑了一个长周末的自行车。时态是一般过去时，所以spend用过去式spent，故填spent。
（2）句意：我们沿路缓慢骑自行车，因为我们不想打破速度记录或者做运动。副词修饰实义动词，rode是实义动词，所以用形容词slow的副词slowly，故填slowly。
（3）句意：我们仅仅想得到一些新鲜空气和远离学业的休息。want to do sth.想要做某事，固定搭配，故填to get。
（4）句意：我们沿着乡村道路骑自行车真地玩得高兴。have a great time doing sth.做某事玩得高兴，固定搭配，所以ride用riding，故填riding。
（5）句意：每隔几千米就有一个村庄，我们可以找到我们需要的一切。few修饰可数名词复数，kilometer千米，可数名词，其复数是kilometers，故填kilometers。
（6）句意：然而在第二天，一些事情发生了。on the second day在第二天，固定搭配，故填on。
（7）句意：在一个午夜我们被旅馆的声音吵醒了。指的是一个午夜，midnight以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
（8）句意：当我们第二天出发时我们是疲劳的。当……时候用when，故填when。
（9）句意：关于骑自行车我们最喜欢的是它是简单的和有趣的。时态是一般过去时，所以enjoy用过去式enjoyed，故填enjoyed。
（10）句意：我认为没有什么比骑自行车更好的了，如果你想找一个既活跃又便宜的休息时间。than是比较级标志词，is后面用形容词，good好的，形容词，其比较级是better，故填better。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
23．【答案】How to improve your
memory
Dear
Danny,
I'm
your penfriend Li Ming. In your last letter, you said you were worried about
having a bad memory. I'd like to give you some advice.
First,
do something to exercise your brain. You may do some new things and change your
daily habits.
Second,
try to link information with pictures, Taking notes and keeping a diary will
also help you a lot.
Third,
eat healthy food and drink enough water.
Fourth,
you'd better have enough sleep. It's important for you to have a clear mind
when you memorize.
I
hope my advice can help you. Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Liming
【知识点】应用文写作
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用作文，主要介绍提高记忆力的建议，时态是一般过去时和一般现在时，首先介绍Danny的记忆力不好的问题；然后介绍提高记忆力的建议；最后总结。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】写作时作文内容全面，运用好词好句，如：be worried about；would like to do；try to do；link...with；take notes；keep a diary；you'd better do；it+be+形容词+to do；hope to do等。宾语从句、祈使句、动名词做主语的运用为文章增色不少，如：In your last letter, you said you were worried about having a bad memory.First, do something to exercise your brain.Taking notes and keeping a diary will also help you a lot.等。连词first，second，third，fourth，and，when的运用使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
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牛津版（深圳 广州）2019-2020学年初中英语八年级上册Unit 7 自主检测
一、从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项。
1．He made the silly mistake again!
A．shy B．smart C．stupa
【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他再次犯了愚蠢的错误。A.害羞的；B.聪明的；C.愚蠢的。silly意思是愚蠢的，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记选项意思，然后根据句意确定同义词。
2．I don't understand the sentence. Could you explain it again
A．study the meaning of B．form the meaning of C．know the meaning of
【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我不明白这个句子，你能再次解释它吗？A.研究意思；B.形成意思；C.知道意思。understand意思是理解，明白，即知道意思，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线意思，然后根据句意和选项意思确定意思相近选项。
3．You can study hard and improve it.
A．make sth. bad B．make sth. better C．make sth. worse
【答案】B
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你可以努力学习和提高它。A.让某物变差；B.让某物变得更好；C.让某物变得更差。improve意思是改善，提高，即让……变得更好，故选B。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线和选项意思，然后根据句意确定。
4．Sorry, I forgot to bring the English book.
A．didn't remember B．remembered C．didn't think
【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我忘记带英语书了。A.不记得；B.记得；C.不认为。forgot意思是忘记，即不记得，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线意思，然后根据句意确定。
5．I won't go to the party unless I'm invited.
A．until B．even if C．as long a
【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非我被邀请，除非我不将去聚会。A.直到；B.尽管；C.只要。unless意思是除非，即直到我被邀请我才去聚会，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线和选项意思，然后根据句意确定意思相近选项。
6．I have trouble learning English.
A．a problem B．a skill C．a secret
【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我学习英语有问题。A.问题；B.技能；C.秘密。trouble意思是问题，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记trouble的同义词是problem。
7．The last step is to open the box together.
A．measure B．idea C．foot
【答案】A
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：最后一步是一起打开箱子。A.方法，措施；B.主意；C.足。step意思是步骤，即方法，措施，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先识记下划线和选项意思，然后根据句意确定意思相近选项。
8．The stamp is not worth collecting.
A．worth to B．worthy in C．worthy of
【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这张邮票不值得收集。worth，值得的，be worth doing sth.=be worthy of doing sth.值得做某事，固定搭配，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记be worth doing sth.=be worthy of doing sth.。
二、根据句子意思,从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的词语完成句子。
9．His opinions are similar _______ yours but different _______ Julia's
A．to; from B．from; to C．as; with
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：他的观点和你的相似，但是和Julia的不同。be similar to，和……相似，固定搭配；be different from，和……不同，固定搭配，故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配be similar to和be different from。
10．Is it true that some parts of our brain can grow bigger _______ we use _______ a lot
A．if; it B．unless; it C．if; them
【答案】A
【知识点】代词辨析；连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们大量使用大脑，大脑的某些部分会变更大，这是真的吗？if如果；unless除非......否则；it它，单数；them它们，复数。大脑变得更大的条件是大量使用大脑，表示条件，所以用if；brain是不可数名词，所以用it代指，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析和代词辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。
11．Wolves will _______ their lives _______ the loss of the trees and forests.
A．lose: because B．lose; because of C．lost; because
【答案】B
【知识点】表因果关系的连词；介词短语；动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：因为树和森林的消失，狼将失去它们的生命。lose失去，实义动词，其过去式是lost；because因为，后面接句子，because因为，后面接名词、宾格、动名词等，不接句子。情态动词will后面用动词原形，所以用lose，排除C。the loss of the trees and forests不是句子，所以用because of，故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词will后面用动词原形和because与because of区别。
12．—How much did you _______ the earrings, Mrs. Black
— Oh, they _______ me 2, 000 dollars.
A．spend; cost B．pay for; took C．pay for; cost
【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——你花多少钱买的耳坠，布莱克夫人？——哦，它们花费我2000美元。spend+金钱+doing sth./on sth.，花费金钱做某事；sth. cost sb.+金钱，某物花费某人多少钱；pay+金钱+for sth.，花费多少钱买……；it takes/took sb. sometime to do，花费时间做某事。指的是花费金钱，所以不能用take，排除B。用spend要用介词on，排除A，故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意平时识记其区别。
13．The teacher made us _______ the ways _______ our English.
A．to understand; of improving
B．understand; of improve
C．understand; to improve
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：老师让我们明白提高英语的方法。make sb. do sth.，让某人做某事，固定搭配，understand，理解，实义动词，排除A。the ways to do sth./of doing sth.做某事的方法，固定搭配，故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配make sb. do sth.和the ways to do sth./of doing sth.。
14．Making pictures in your mind _______ also a good way for you to memorize things.
A．is B．are C．has
【答案】A
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：脑海中画出图画也是你记忆事物的好方法。making pictures in your mind是句子主语，making是动名词，动名词做主语时谓语动词用单数，are是复数，排除B。has有，is是。脑海中画出图画也是你记忆事物的好方法。所以用is，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意平时识记动名词做主语谓语动词用单数。
15．—Thank you for taking me around your school, Daming.
— _______.
A．don't mention it B． Never mind C．Of course not
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——谢谢你把我带到你学校附近，大明。——不用谢。A.不用谢；B.不介意；C.当然不。他人说谢谢，你要回答不用谢或者不客气，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，首先识记选项意思，然后根据句意确定。
三、完形填空
16．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出能填人相应空白处的最佳选项。
When
learning new vocabulary, don't just memorize the list of words （1） , try
to make five sentences using each new word. Then use the new words as often as
you can the first day you learn them. This way you will remember new words （2） longer.
Practise
sounds, you know, which are difficult—take the "th" sound for example.
Choose words that （3） "th" and repeat them over and over again
until you are comfortable with them. Let's try! This, that, those them, think,
thought, through, thin, thick…
Read,
read, and read—in English, of course! Reading is one of （4） ways to increase your vocabulary and （5） your grammar in a natural and fun way. Be sure
to choose topics or books you are interested in.
When
someone （6） in
English, listen for the main point. If you （7） a word you don't understand, ignore(忽视) （8） and go on listening. If you stop and think
about the word, you will miss （9） the person is saying.
Always
remember that practice （10） perfect.
（1）A．Instead of B．Instead C．Rather than
（2）A．much B．many C．more
（3）A．end up with B．begin C．begin with
（4）A．best B．the best C．better
（5）A．encourage B．char C．improve
（6）A．is talking B．talk C．are talking
（7）A．listen B．hear C．listen to
（8）A．one B．them C．it
（9）A．nothing else B．everything else C．everything other
（10）A．makes B．making C．make
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A
【知识点】教育类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了学习新词汇、练习发音、阅读和练习听力时的一些方法。
（1）句意：学习新词汇时，不要只记住单词表，相反，试着用每个单词造出五个句子A.而不是，介词；B.相反，反而，副词；C.而不是。位于句首，根据句意可知是相反，故选B。
（2）句意：用这种方式你将更长时间记住新单词。longer是比较级，much修饰比较级，many和more不修饰比较级，故选A。
（3）句意：选择以“th”开头的单词，重复它们直到你对它们很满意。A.以……结束；B.开始；C.以……开始。根据后句This, that, those them, think, thought, through, thin, thick可知都是以th开头的单词，begin with以......开始，故选C。
（4）句意：阅读是增加你词汇量的最好的方式之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示最......之一，固定搭配，best最好的，最高级；better更好的，比较级。所以用the best，故选B。
（5）句意：用一种自然有趣的方式提高你的语法。A.鼓励；B.烧焦；C.提高，改善。提高改善语法，故选C。
（6）句意：当有人用英语谈论的时候，听重点。当有人正在谈论，所以用现在进行时，结构是be doing，主语someone是复合不定代词，所以be用is，talk的ing是talking，故选A。
（7）句意：如果你听见一个你不理解的单词，忽略它，继续听。A.听；B.听见；C.听......。listen是不及物动词，强调听的动作；hear听见，强调听的结果，听见单词，强调的是结果，所以用hear，故选B。
（8）句意：如果你听见一个你不理解的单词，忽略它，继续听。A.一个；B.它们；C.它。忽略没有听到的那个单词，aword是单数，所以用it代指，故选C。
（9）句意：如果你停下来想一想这个词，你就会错过这个人说的其他每一句话。A.没有其他事情；B.其他每件事情；C.没有此表达。想做个单词会错过其他的每件事情，故选B。
（10）句意：总是记住熟能生巧。宾语从句中主语practice是不可数名词，时态是一般现在时，主语make用单三式makes，故选A。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
四、阅读理解
17．阅读理解
The
listening test is one of the most important parts of the English exam. Here are
some tips for you.
Before
you start to listen, you need to relax. Don't be stressed out. And try to read
the questions. These questions usually help you understand the conversation or
the passage.
Then
listen carefully to the first sentence. It usually tells you the main idea of
the passage. While you're listening, try to do some thinking and take some
notes, such as
What
happened
When,
where, and how
What
does the speaker want to tell us
In
this way, you may understand the passage better.
Please
remember not to think about one or two words for a long time. When you hear
some words you don't know, don t spend too much time on them. Very often,
you'll find out what they mean later when you go on with the listening.
（1）This passage mainly talks about ______.
A．tips on listening B．tips on speaking
C．tips on reading D．tips on writing
（2）It's better for you to keep ______ when you start to have a listening test.
A．excited B．relaxed C．stressed out D．worried
（3）We should listen to the first sentence carefully, because it usually tells us ______.
A．the answers to the questions
B．where to write the answers
C．the main idea of the conversation or the passage
D．how much time is left for the listening test
（4）When you're listening, it's important for you to ______.
A．remember every word
B．take some notes
C．understand all the words
D．think about one or two words for a long time
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】教育类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了英语听力测试的一些建议。
（1）主旨题。根据The listening test is one of the most important parts of the English exam. Here are some tips for you.可知主要讲了英语听力测试的一些建议，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据Before you start to listen, you need to relax可知开始听听力前放松是重要的，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据Then listen carefully to the first sentence. It usually tells you the main idea of the passage.可知认真听第一个句子，因为第一句通常告诉我们文章的主旨大意，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据While you're listening, try to do some thinking and take some notes可知当听听力时做笔记也是重要的，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
18．阅读理解
Dear
Kate,
I saw
your name and address in the Pen friend magazine, and I would like to be your
pen friend. First, I will tell you some things about myself. My name is Sidney.
I'm fourteen years old. I'm about five feet tall. I have short black hair and
brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess.
I
live with my parents. They came to England about 30 years ago. They came from
Hong Kong, but I have never been there. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant
in Newcastle. We live in a small house near our restaurant. I was born in
Newcastle in 2003. I can speak Chinese, but I cannot write it very well. I have
a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works as an architect in London.
I'm
in Walker School. It is near my house, so I can walk to school. I like my school
because the teachers are friendly. My school has many sports fields like sports
very much. I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter, and tennis in summer.
My favourite subject is Physics. I want to be an engineer.
I'll
send you a photo of myself with my school friends. I hope you will write to me
soon, and tell me all about you.
Yours,
Sidney
（1）Sidney wants to ______.
A．tell Kate about her family B．make friends with Kate
C．practise her English D．tell Kate about her school life
（2）How many people are there in Sidney's family
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
（3）Where was Sidney born
A．In China. B．In England. C．In Canada. D．In Japan.
（4）What's Sidney's favourite sport in winter
A．Tennis B．Computer games.
C．Badminton. D．Running
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】日常生活类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信告诉Kate想和她成为笔友，并且介绍了自己的一些情况，希望Kate快点回信告诉自己她的情况。
（1）细节题。根据and I would like to be your pen friend.可知Sidney想成为Kate的笔友，即想和Kate交朋友，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据I live with my parents.I have a brother called Edwin.可知Sidney和父母住一起，并且有个哥哥，所以一共四口人，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据I was born in Newcastle in 2003.可知Sidney出生在纽卡斯尔，纽卡斯尔是英国的，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in winter我喜欢在冬天打橄榄球和羽毛球，可知是羽毛球，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
19．阅读理解
The
human brain weights about 1.4 kilograms, but it can hold much more information
than most computers can. However, there is another difference between humans
and puters don't forget formation they are given, but humans
often do. No one remembers everything and luckily we don't usually have to. But
everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.
Try
to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says
"Hi! I'm Carlos" don't just say "Hello". Repeat the person
s name. Say "______".
Break
a big number into smaller parts. For example, it's hard to memorize 109244153.
But if you break it into three parts——109/2447153—it becomes easier.
Write
out what you need to remember again. This will help you keep it in mind longer,
especially for memorizing formulas(公式) or facts.
Always
receive information. If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they
become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it's a good
idea to receive the new things you have learned that day.
Discuss
with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You
can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong and it will lead to
the right answer.
Never
tell yourself that you have a bad memory. You can always do something to help
improve your memory. And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often
enough.
All
of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve
your memory.
（1）How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six
（2）Which should be put in the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2
A．Hello, Carlos. B．How do you do
C．Hello, I am Sophia. D．Glad to meet you!
（3）What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage
A．To store it in a computer. B．To break it into smaller parts.
C．To discuss it with a friend. D．To receive it before you sleep
（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Discussing with friends can help you remember things.
B．Receiving information can help you fall asleep.
C．Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.
D．Human beings can improve their memory on the computer.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了提高记忆的一些建议。
（1）细节题。根据2到7段可知每段都是一个建议，所以是6个建议，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据前句don't just say "Hello". Repeat the person's name.可知不要仅仅说“Hello”，要重复这个人的名字，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Break a big number into smaller parts.可知把一个大数字分成几个小部分可以帮助记忆，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions.可知和朋友讨论可以更容易记住事情，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
20．阅读理解
Did
you know that each day one person in the USA throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish
Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone. Packaging
(including boxes, bags, etc.) comes to our homes with the things we have
bought. Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of
rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible. What
can we do to help We should get to know the following Rs.
Reduce
To reduce means to make less rubbish. That is one of the first things we all
should do for the environment. Reduce your rubbish by doing things like packing
your lunch in reusable containers(可再利用的容器), taking smaller
portions(份) at dinner so you don't waste food when you
have had enough, writing on both sides of paper, and using less water when taking
a shower.
Reuse
to reuse is to use things again. Think about the bags you get from the shop.
They can be reused to carry your lunch, to hold your rubbish, or to collect
used cans. You can even take them back to the school next time to carry your
things instead of getting a new bag!
Recycle(回收利用)
Recycling is an important part of keeping our planet clean and green. It can
also save energy. Be sure that you don't throw things in the rubbish bins that
can be recycled to make something else Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all
be recycled. But food, electrical waste and mobile phones cant. When you are
not sure whether something can be recycled, go to your parents and teachers for
advice.
Follow
the three Rs, and every one of us can do something to save the Earth. It is
also the best way to save ourselves.
（1）The first paragraph of the passage implies(暗示) that ______.
A．packaging should be given up B．Italy is too dirty for us to visit
C．the USA produces the most rubbish D．the Earth is becoming dirtier
（2）If you want to reduce, you should ______.
A．make good use of your paper B．take a bath instead of a shower
C．eat a small dinner every day D．pack your lunch with newspapers
（3）The writer seems to ask people to reuse the bags ______.
A．only as rubbish bags B．only for carrying other things
C．mainly to have a cleaner world D．mainly to save some money
（4）Which of the following can be recycled
A．Food and bottles. B．Books and newspapers.
C．Paper and mobile phones. D．Plastic and electrical waste.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了处理垃圾的三者方式：减少垃圾、重复利用垃圾和回收利用垃圾。
（1）细节题。根据第一段Did you know that each day one person in the USA throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone. Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible.可知人们乱扔垃圾让地球变得更脏了，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Reduce your rubbish by...writing on both sides of paper.可知在纸的两面都写字来充分利用纸张降低污染，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据全文可知减少垃圾、重复利用垃圾和回收利用垃圾都是为了让世界变得更干净，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all be recycled.可知纸、塑料、罐子、瓶子都可以被回收利用，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
21．阅读理解
Picture
the scene: It's midnight. You're very hungry after studying for a long time.
Then you see a nice pie in the fridge. Do you eat it It seems that you shouldn't,
for many reasons, including its influence on your studies.
Scientists
have long known that eating late at night can make us gain weight. But now a
new study has shown that late— night eating can also have a bad influence on
our brains—it might hurt our ability to learn new things and store
memories.
“We
believe that late—night eating may affect(影响) our learning by affecting the parts of the brain that control
learning and memory, "Dawn
Lon,
PhD, a project scientist at the University of California, Los Angeles said,"
we believe the timing of when we eat is the main cause of the damaged (受损的)
memory."
For
the study, the researchers looked at mice with strict feeding plans for two
weeks, the mice were either allowed to eat during the time when they are
usually the most active, or during the time when they usually sleep.
The
mice received the same amount of sleep and calories.
Then the researchers tested the brains of
the mice. In one test, the researchers tried to find out whether the mice could
remember that a room was connected to an electric shock(电击)
after 24 hours had gone by.
The
researchers noticed that when the mice were put in the room again hose mice
that ate when they should have been sleeping were less likely(可能的)
to get scared than those mice that ate during usual hours. It means that they
didn't remember.
So
think twice before the midnight snack— it might be bad for more than your
weight.
（1）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Studying for long. B．A nice pie.
C．A new stud. D．Late—night eating.
（2）For the study, the researchers need to ______.
A．check the brains of the mice before the test started
B．feed the mice only during the time when they usually sleep
C．keep the mice in a room with an electric shock all the time
D．let the mice receive the same amount of sleep and calories
（3）According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE
A．a recent study shows late eating affects weight.
B．What we eat can affect learning and memory.
C．The mice that ate during sleeping hours didn't remember.
D．The mice that ate during usual hours didn't remember.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Eating snacks affects memory B．Late eating hurts brain
C．Never stay up late D．Keep away from snacks
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】医疗保健类；教育类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了吃夜宵不仅会增加我们的体重。也会对我们的大脑有坏的影响。
（1）推断题。根据 a new study has shown that late— night eating can also have a bad influence on our brains可知研究表明吃夜宵对大脑也有坏处，所以it代指吃夜宵，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据The mice received the same amount of sleep and calories.可知老鼠得到的睡眠和热量是一样的，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据The researchers noticed that when the mice were put in the room again hose mice that ate when they should have been sleeping were less likely(可能的) to get scared than those mice that ate during usual hours. It means that they didn't remember.可知研究人员注意到，当老鼠再次被放在房间里时，那些在本该睡觉的时候吃东西的老鼠比那些平时吃东西的老鼠更不可能害怕。这意味着他们不记得了，故选C。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了吃夜宵不仅会增加我们的体重。也会对我们的大脑有坏的影响，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
五、语法填空
22．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
Have
you ever been cycling(骑自行车运动) This spring my elder brother and I 　 　 (spend)
a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode 　 　 (slow)
along because we didn't want to break any speed records, or do sports. We just
wanted 　 　 (get) some fresh air and a break from
schoolwork. We really had a great time 　 　 (ride)
along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that
made us happy: every few 　 　 (kilometre) there was a village where we could
find everything we needed.
All
the local people were really friendly. However, 　 　 the
second day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes(刹车) started
making noise, but I didn't mind at all. At 　 　 midnight
we were woken by the noise in the hotel. We were tired 　 　we set off the next morning, but
soon felt cheerful when the sun came out.
What
we 　 　 (enjoy) most about cycling was that it was simple
and fun. I think nothing is 　 　 (good) than cycling if you're looking for a
break that is active and cheap.
Why
not have a try
【答案】spent；slowly；to get；riding；kilometers；on；a；when；enjoyed；better
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者和哥哥今年春天在乡下骑自行车时的所见所想。
（1）句意：今年春天，我和哥哥在乡下骑了一个长周末的自行车。时态是一般过去时，所以spend用过去式spent，故填spent。
（2）句意：我们沿路缓慢骑自行车，因为我们不想打破速度记录或者做运动。副词修饰实义动词，rode是实义动词，所以用形容词slow的副词slowly，故填slowly。
（3）句意：我们仅仅想得到一些新鲜空气和远离学业的休息。want to do sth.想要做某事，固定搭配，故填to get。
（4）句意：我们沿着乡村道路骑自行车真地玩得高兴。have a great time doing sth.做某事玩得高兴，固定搭配，所以ride用riding，故填riding。
（5）句意：每隔几千米就有一个村庄，我们可以找到我们需要的一切。few修饰可数名词复数，kilometer千米，可数名词，其复数是kilometers，故填kilometers。
（6）句意：然而在第二天，一些事情发生了。on the second day在第二天，固定搭配，故填on。
（7）句意：在一个午夜我们被旅馆的声音吵醒了。指的是一个午夜，midnight以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
（8）句意：当我们第二天出发时我们是疲劳的。当……时候用when，故填when。
（9）句意：关于骑自行车我们最喜欢的是它是简单的和有趣的。时态是一般过去时，所以enjoy用过去式enjoyed，故填enjoyed。
（10）句意：我认为没有什么比骑自行车更好的了，如果你想找一个既活跃又便宜的休息时间。than是比较级标志词，is后面用形容词，good好的，形容词，其比较级是better，故填better。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
六、书面表达
23．假设你是李明，你的英国笔友丹尼记忆力不好，为此他感到非常苦恼。
请你给他发一封电子邮件,给他提出一些提高记忆力的建议。词数80左右
写作提示:1）开篇点题,针对笔友的问题提出建议；2）提出提高记忆
力的四条具体建议；3）结尾综述,提出希望。
How to improve your
memory
Dear
Danny,
I'm
your penfriend Li Ming.
I
hope my advice can help you. Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
【答案】How to improve your
memory
Dear
Danny,
I'm
your penfriend Li Ming. In your last letter, you said you were worried about
having a bad memory. I'd like to give you some advice.
First,
do something to exercise your brain. You may do some new things and change your
daily habits.
Second,
try to link information with pictures, Taking notes and keeping a diary will
also help you a lot.
Third,
eat healthy food and drink enough water.
Fourth,
you'd better have enough sleep. It's important for you to have a clear mind
when you memorize.
I
hope my advice can help you. Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Liming
【知识点】应用文写作
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用作文，主要介绍提高记忆力的建议，时态是一般过去时和一般现在时，首先介绍Danny的记忆力不好的问题；然后介绍提高记忆力的建议；最后总结。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】写作时作文内容全面，运用好词好句，如：be worried about；would like to do；try to do；link...with；take notes；keep a diary；you'd better do；it+be+形容词+to do；hope to do等。宾语从句、祈使句、动名词做主语的运用为文章增色不少，如：In your last letter, you said you were worried about having a bad memory.First, do something to exercise your brain.Taking notes and keeping a diary will also help you a lot.等。连词first，second，third，fourth，and，when的运用使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
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