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牛津版（深圳 广州）2019-2020学年初中英语八年级上册Module 4 Unit 7 Memory 第3课时 Grammar
一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．
If he (come) tonight, he (meet) you at the party.
【答案】comes；will meet
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他今晚来，他将在聚会上遇见你。come来，实义动词；meet遇见，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是he，所以用comes；后句是主句，所以用will meet，故填comes，will meet。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
2．
If the weather (get) worse, we will have to stay inside.
【答案】gets
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果天气变更糟糕了，我们将不得不待在里面。get变得，系动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是weather，天气，不可数名词，所以用gets，故填gets。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
3．
If the rain (stop) soon, will you go to the cinema with me
【答案】stops
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果雨很快停了，你将和我一起去电影院吗？stop停止，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是rain，雨，不可数名词，所以用stops，故填stops。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
4．He (buy) a new mobile phone if he (have) enough money.
【答案】will buy；has
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他有足够的钱，他将买一部新手机。buy买，实义动词；have有，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是he，所以用has，前句是主句，所以用will buy，故填will have，has。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
5．If you (drop) a glass, it (break).
【答案】drop；will break
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你掉了一个杯子，那么你将打破它。drop掉，实义动词；break打破，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是you，所以用drop，后句是主句，所以用will break，故填drop，will break。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
二、用if或 unless填空。
6．用if或
unless填空。
（1） you put wood into water, it floats.
（2）I sleep with the window open it is
really cold.
（3）You will not improve your skill in a short
time you practise playing the violin regularly.
（4）Ice melts you heat it
（5） you boil water, it becomes steam(蒸汽).
【答案】（1）If
（2）unless
（3）unless
（4）if
（5）If
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】if如果；unless除非......否则......，相当于if not。
（1）句意：如果你把木头放进水里，它飘起来。木头飘起来的条件是把它放进水里，所以用if，如果，注意句首首字母大写，故填If。
（2）句意：除非天气很冷，否则我就开着窗户睡觉。如果天气冷，我就不开着窗户睡觉，表示否定，所以用unless，故填unless。
（3）句意：除非你经常练习拉小提琴，否则你不会在短时间内提高你的技巧。如果不经常练习拉小提琴，你将不会在短时间内提高你的技巧，表示否定，所以用unless，故填unless。
（4）句意：如果你加热冰，它将融化。冰融化的条件是加热它，所以用if，故填if。
（5）句意：如果你煮沸水，它将变为蒸汽。水变为蒸汽的条件是煮沸水，所以用if，注意句首首字母大写，故填If。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意平时识记if和unless的区别，理解句意。
三、单项选择
7．—______ you don't get up now, you will be late for school.
—All right, Mum.
A．If B．Unless C．Because
【答案】A
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——如果你现在不起床，你将上学迟到。——好的，妈妈。A.如果；B.除非......否则......；C.因为。上学迟到的条件是现在不起床，所以用if，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记单词及词义，然后理解句意。
8．— If it ______ tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
—The report says it is cloudy.
A．rain B．doesn't rain C．didn't rain
【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——如果明天不下雨，我们将野餐。——预报说天气是多云的。rain下雨，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是单数it，天不下雨去野餐，所以表示否定，即doesn't rain，故选B。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
9．— What are you going to do tomorrow
—I'll ride a bike if it ______ I like riding on rainy days.
A．doesn't rain B．is cloudy C．rains
【答案】C
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——明天你将做什么？——如果天下雨，我将骑自行车。我喜欢在雨天骑自行车。A.不下雨；B.多云的；C.下雨。根据I like riding on rainy days.我喜欢在雨天骑自行车，可知天下雨就骑自行车，if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语单数it，所以用rains，故选C。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
10．If it ______ he ______ shopping.
A．won't rain; will go
B．doesn't rain; will go
C．rains; will go
【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果天不下雨，他将去购物。rain下雨，实义动词；go去，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，排除A，天不下雨才去购物，所以从句用否定，主语单数it，所以用doesn't rain，主句用will go，故选B。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
11．Playing with these kids is necessary ______ you want to make friends with them.
A．if B．until C．unless
【答案】A
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想和他们交朋友，和这些孩子们玩是必要的。A.如果；B.直到......才；C.除非......否则......。和孩子们玩耍的条件是你想和他们交朋友，所以用if，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记连词词义，然后根据句意确定。
12．Kitty will spend more time with her children if she ______ a mother.
A．becomes B．become C．became
【答案】A
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果她成为一位妈妈，Kitty将和她的孩子度过更多的时间。become成为，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语she，所以用becomes，故选A。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
13．You will succeed finally ________ you give up halfway.
A．if B．unless C．even though
【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句；连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非你半途而废，否则你最终会成功的。A如果，B除非，C尽管，根据You will succeed finally和you give up halfway，可知时态是主将从现，半途而废与最终会成功的是否定句的假设，故是unless引导的条件状语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查连辨析词，注意unless引导的条件状语从句的用法。
14．— Do you know if he ______ for tomorrow s meeting
—I'm not sure. If he ______ I'll call you as soon as possible.
A．comes; comes B．will come; will come C．will come; comes
【答案】C
【知识点】条件状语从句；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道明天的会议他是否将要来吗？——我不确定。如果他来，我将尽可能快地给你打电话。if如果，是否。根据I'm not sure.我不确定，可知不知道是否他将来，tomorrow表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will come；第二个句子表示if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形，if所在的句子是从句，主语是he，所以用comes，故选C。
【点评】考查一般将来时和if引导的条件状语从句。
四、按照例句，完成下列句子。
15．按照例句，完成下列句子。
例句: You will fail the exam if you don't work hard.
=lf
you don't work hard, you will fail the exam.
=You
will fail the exam unless you work hard.
=Unless
you work hard, you will fail the exam.
（1）Unless you obey the rules, you will be punished.
=
=
=
（2）A fish dies if you don't keep it in the
water.
=
=
=
（3）Nobody can learn English well if he doesn't
work hard on it.
=
=
=
（4）Unless you start right now, you will be
late for the meeting.
=
=
=
【答案】（1）You will be punished unless you obey the rules.；If you don't obey the rules, you will be punished.；You will be punished if you don t obey the rules.
（2）If you don t keep it in the water, a fish dies.；A fish dies unless you keep it in the water.；Unless you keep it in the water, a fish dies.
（3）If he doesn't work hard on it, nobody can learn English well.；Nobody can learn English well unless he works hard on it.；Unless he works hard on it, nobody can learn English well.
（4）You will be late for the meeting unless you start right now.；If you don't start right now, you will be late for the meeting.；You will be late for the meeting if you don t start right now.
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：除非你遵守规则，否则你将受到惩罚。即如果你不遵守规则，你将受到惩罚。if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形，if所在句子是从句，主语是you，不遵守规则，所以用否定，即don't obey，主句用will+动词原形，故填You will be punished unless you obey the rules.；If you don't obey the rules, you will be punished.；You will be punished if you don't obey the rules.。
（2）句意：如果你不把鱼放在水里，它将会死。即除非你把鱼放进水里，否则鱼会死去。unless除非......否则......，从句表示肯定，即去掉助动词don't。故填If you don t keep it in the water, a fish dies.；A fish dies unless you keep it in the water.；Unless you keep it in the water, a fish dies.。
（3）句意：如果不努力学习英语，谁也学不好它。即：除非努力学习英语，否则没有人能学好。unless除非......否则......，从句用肯定，时态是一般现在时，主语是he，所以用works。故填If he doesn't work hard on it, nobody can learn English well.；Nobody can learn English well unless he works hard on it.；Unless he works hard on it, nobody can learn English well.。
（4）句意：除非你现在开始，否则你开会要迟到了。即：如果你现在不开始，你将开会迟到。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形，从句表示否定，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，所以用don't，故填You will be late for the meeting unless you start right now.；If you don't start right now, you will be late for the meeting.；You will be late for the meeting if you don t start right now.。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记if和unless的区别，根据例句确定同义句。
五、语法填空
16．语法填空
To make her 100th birthday exciting and
special South African woman Harwood had a skydiving (跳伞)
in the air, not enough to her. She wanted to make it even more
exciting by doing a shark cage diving(潜水).
With the help another
person, she made the jump on Saturday near the north of Cape Town. 15 family (member)
and friends in groups of three were also in the air with Harwood. red
jumpsuit(跳伞服), Harwood looked very young. She said it was seeing all the others around her. And
this was her (three) skydiving. She did her first when she
was 92 years old.
Then, she decided her
another wish—doing a shark cage diving. It was much more nervous than
skydiving, even young (man) were afraid of doing that. On Monday,
she (go) into a cage, and the workers put the cage
in the water with fish meat around it. When sharks smelt the fish, they would
open mouths and eat the fish, it was really
dangerous.
【答案】but；of；members；Wearing；wonderful；third；to finish；men；went；their
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了让她100岁的生日变得激动人心，南非的一位妇女哈伍德在空中进行了一次跳伞运动，但对她来说还不够。她想做一次鲨鱼笼潜水，让它更加刺激。
（1）句意：为了让她100岁的生日变得激动人心，南非的一位妇女哈伍德在空中进行了一次跳伞运动，但对她来说还不够。根据前句可知为了让她100岁的生日变得激动人心，南非的一位妇女哈伍德在空中进行了一次跳伞运动，和后句她想做一次鲨鱼笼潜水，让它更加刺激，前后句表示转折，所以用but，但是，故填but。
（2）句意：周六在另一个人的帮助下，她在开普敦北部附近跳了起来。with the help of在.....帮助下，固定搭配，故填of。
（3）句意：5名三人一组的家庭成员和朋友也和哈伍德一起在空中。member成员，可数名词，15后面用可数名词复数，所以用members，故填members。
（4）句意：哈伍德穿着红色连身裤，看上去很年轻。根据red jumpsuit可知穿着红色的跳伞服看上去年轻，wear穿着，实义动词，句子已经用谓语looked，所以用动名词表示伴随，所以用wearing，故填Wearing。
（5）句意：她说看到周围的人真是太好了。看见周围的人是极好的，即wonderful，极好的，形容词，was后面用形容词，故填wonderful。
（6）句意：今年是她第三次跳伞。three3，基数词，是第三次跳伞，所以用序数词third第三，故填third。
（7）句意：然后，她决定完成她的另一个愿望——做一个鲨鱼笼潜水。wish愿望，所以是完成愿望，finish完成，实义动词，decide to do sth.决定做某事，固定搭配，所以用to finish，故填to finish。
（8）句意：这比跳伞要紧张得多，甚至年轻人都害怕这样做。man人，可数名词，根据were可知主语是复数，所以用men，故填men。
（9）句意：星期一，她进了一个笼子，工人们把笼子放在水里，笼子周围有鱼肉。go去，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式went，故填went。
（10）句意：当鲨鱼闻到鱼的味道时，它们会张开嘴吃鱼，这真的很危险。鲨鱼张开它们的嘴，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，mouths嘴，所以用their它们的，形容词性物主代词，故填their。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
六、阅读理解
17．阅读理解
It is Oct. 24. You pick up a bottle of milk. You see "Best Before Oct 23" on it. What do you do with it Most people just throw it away. It's a big waste.
The United Nations says that over one third of food goes to the trash. But 795 million people on Earth don't have enough to eat. To change this, people have come up with great ideas. After all, the best place for food is our stomachs, not the trash.
People say, "There's no such thing as a free lunch." But they are wrong. Recently," share fridges" have come to cities like Shanghai and Quanzhou, Quick meals,' milk, cookies and cakes are staying in the fridges. It is just like your fridge at home. The food comes from families and shops nearby. And it is free for every passerby to enjoy. This great idea from the popular "food bank" practice.
We keep our extra money in a bank. In 1967 some people in the USA wanted to do the same with food. They then set up the world's free food
In many people's eyes, food past its sell—by date(保质期) becomes junk. But a company from the UK thinks differently. There is a "Best Before Date" on the food bag. Before that date, the quality (质量) is the best. But after that date, the food can be still OK to eat.
So, the Real Junk Food Project, a British company, gets such food from supermarkets and puts it in cafes again. They don't give the food a rice. You can give the amount of money you like if you don't want to spend money, you can help work there.
（1）The writer thinks it's wrong to say. "There's no such thing as a free lunch.", because ______.
A．the saying is not true at all
B．the food in "share fridges" is free
C．most food goes to the trash
D．the food for lunch is free everywhere
（2）Where did the first free food bank appear
A．In China B．In the UN C．In the USA D．In the UK
（3）A company from the UK thinks the food past "Best before date" is ______ to eat.
A．bad B．OK C．the best D．better
（4）What's the best title for the passage
A．Ways to stop food waste B．Food's best before date
C．To enjoy the free food D．Where to find share fridges
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】社会现象类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了食物浪费严重及停止食物浪费的一些方法。
（1）细节题。根据后句Recently," share fridges" have come to cities like Shanghai and Quanzhou, Quick meals,' milk, cookies and cakes are staying in the fridges.And it is free for every passerby to enjoy.可知最近“共享冰箱”来到上海、泉州等城市，快餐、牛奶、饼干、蛋糕等都留在冰箱里，并且冰箱里的食物是免费的，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据In 1967 some people in the USA wanted to do the same with food. They then set up the world's free food可知1967年，美国的一些人想在食物上做同样的事情。然后他们建立了世界上免费的食物，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据There is a "Best Before Date" on the food bag. Before that date, the quality (质量) is the best.可知食品袋上有一个“约会前最佳”字样。在此日期之前，质量（质量）最好，故选B。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了食物浪费严重及停止食物浪费的一些方法，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
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牛津版（深圳 广州）2019-2020学年初中英语八年级上册Module 4 Unit 7 Memory 第3课时 Grammar
一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．
If he (come) tonight, he (meet) you at the party.
2．
If the weather (get) worse, we will have to stay inside.
3．
If the rain (stop) soon, will you go to the cinema with me
4．He (buy) a new mobile phone if he (have) enough money.
5．If you (drop) a glass, it (break).
二、用if或 unless填空。
6．用if或
unless填空。
（1） you put wood into water, it floats.
（2）I sleep with the window open it is
really cold.
（3）You will not improve your skill in a short
time you practise playing the violin regularly.
（4）Ice melts you heat it
（5） you boil water, it becomes steam(蒸汽).
三、单项选择
7．—______ you don't get up now, you will be late for school.
—All right, Mum.
A．If B．Unless C．Because
8．— If it ______ tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
—The report says it is cloudy.
A．rain B．doesn't rain C．didn't rain
9．— What are you going to do tomorrow
—I'll ride a bike if it ______ I like riding on rainy days.
A．doesn't rain B．is cloudy C．rains
10．If it ______ he ______ shopping.
A．won't rain; will go
B．doesn't rain; will go
C．rains; will go
11．Playing with these kids is necessary ______ you want to make friends with them.
A．if B．until C．unless
12．Kitty will spend more time with her children if she ______ a mother.
A．becomes B．become C．became
13．You will succeed finally ________ you give up halfway.
A．if B．unless C．even though
14．— Do you know if he ______ for tomorrow s meeting
—I'm not sure. If he ______ I'll call you as soon as possible.
A．comes; comes B．will come; will come C．will come; comes
四、按照例句，完成下列句子。
15．按照例句，完成下列句子。
例句: You will fail the exam if you don't work hard.
=lf
you don't work hard, you will fail the exam.
=You
will fail the exam unless you work hard.
=Unless
you work hard, you will fail the exam.
（1）Unless you obey the rules, you will be punished.
=
=
=
（2）A fish dies if you don't keep it in the
water.
=
=
=
（3）Nobody can learn English well if he doesn't
work hard on it.
=
=
=
（4）Unless you start right now, you will be
late for the meeting.
=
=
=
五、语法填空
16．语法填空
To make her 100th birthday exciting and
special South African woman Harwood had a skydiving (跳伞)
in the air, not enough to her. She wanted to make it even more
exciting by doing a shark cage diving(潜水).
With the help another
person, she made the jump on Saturday near the north of Cape Town. 15 family (member)
and friends in groups of three were also in the air with Harwood. red
jumpsuit(跳伞服), Harwood looked very young. She said it was seeing all the others around her. And
this was her (three) skydiving. She did her first when she
was 92 years old.
Then, she decided her
another wish—doing a shark cage diving. It was much more nervous than
skydiving, even young (man) were afraid of doing that. On Monday,
she (go) into a cage, and the workers put the cage
in the water with fish meat around it. When sharks smelt the fish, they would
open mouths and eat the fish, it was really
dangerous.
六、阅读理解
17．阅读理解
It is Oct. 24. You pick up a bottle of milk. You see "Best Before Oct 23" on it. What do you do with it Most people just throw it away. It's a big waste.
The United Nations says that over one third of food goes to the trash. But 795 million people on Earth don't have enough to eat. To change this, people have come up with great ideas. After all, the best place for food is our stomachs, not the trash.
People say, "There's no such thing as a free lunch." But they are wrong. Recently," share fridges" have come to cities like Shanghai and Quanzhou, Quick meals,' milk, cookies and cakes are staying in the fridges. It is just like your fridge at home. The food comes from families and shops nearby. And it is free for every passerby to enjoy. This great idea from the popular "food bank" practice.
We keep our extra money in a bank. In 1967 some people in the USA wanted to do the same with food. They then set up the world's free food
In many people's eyes, food past its sell—by date(保质期) becomes junk. But a company from the UK thinks differently. There is a "Best Before Date" on the food bag. Before that date, the quality (质量) is the best. But after that date, the food can be still OK to eat.
So, the Real Junk Food Project, a British company, gets such food from supermarkets and puts it in cafes again. They don't give the food a rice. You can give the amount of money you like if you don't want to spend money, you can help work there.
（1）The writer thinks it's wrong to say. "There's no such thing as a free lunch.", because ______.
A．the saying is not true at all
B．the food in "share fridges" is free
C．most food goes to the trash
D．the food for lunch is free everywhere
（2）Where did the first free food bank appear
A．In China B．In the UN C．In the USA D．In the UK
（3）A company from the UK thinks the food past "Best before date" is ______ to eat.
A．bad B．OK C．the best D．better
（4）What's the best title for the passage
A．Ways to stop food waste B．Food's best before date
C．To enjoy the free food D．Where to find share fridges
答案解析部分
1．【答案】comes；will meet
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他今晚来，他将在聚会上遇见你。come来，实义动词；meet遇见，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是he，所以用comes；后句是主句，所以用will meet，故填comes，will meet。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
2．【答案】gets
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果天气变更糟糕了，我们将不得不待在里面。get变得，系动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是weather，天气，不可数名词，所以用gets，故填gets。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
3．【答案】stops
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果雨很快停了，你将和我一起去电影院吗？stop停止，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是rain，雨，不可数名词，所以用stops，故填stops。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
4．【答案】will buy；has
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他有足够的钱，他将买一部新手机。buy买，实义动词；have有，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是he，所以用has，前句是主句，所以用will buy，故填will have，has。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
5．【答案】drop；will break
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你掉了一个杯子，那么你将打破它。drop掉，实义动词；break打破，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是you，所以用drop，后句是主句，所以用will break，故填drop，will break。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
6．【答案】（1）If
（2）unless
（3）unless
（4）if
（5）If
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】if如果；unless除非......否则......，相当于if not。
（1）句意：如果你把木头放进水里，它飘起来。木头飘起来的条件是把它放进水里，所以用if，如果，注意句首首字母大写，故填If。
（2）句意：除非天气很冷，否则我就开着窗户睡觉。如果天气冷，我就不开着窗户睡觉，表示否定，所以用unless，故填unless。
（3）句意：除非你经常练习拉小提琴，否则你不会在短时间内提高你的技巧。如果不经常练习拉小提琴，你将不会在短时间内提高你的技巧，表示否定，所以用unless，故填unless。
（4）句意：如果你加热冰，它将融化。冰融化的条件是加热它，所以用if，故填if。
（5）句意：如果你煮沸水，它将变为蒸汽。水变为蒸汽的条件是煮沸水，所以用if，注意句首首字母大写，故填If。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意平时识记if和unless的区别，理解句意。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——如果你现在不起床，你将上学迟到。——好的，妈妈。A.如果；B.除非......否则......；C.因为。上学迟到的条件是现在不起床，所以用if，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记单词及词义，然后理解句意。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——如果明天不下雨，我们将野餐。——预报说天气是多云的。rain下雨，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语是单数it，天不下雨去野餐，所以表示否定，即doesn't rain，故选B。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——明天你将做什么？——如果天下雨，我将骑自行车。我喜欢在雨天骑自行车。A.不下雨；B.多云的；C.下雨。根据I like riding on rainy days.我喜欢在雨天骑自行车，可知天下雨就骑自行车，if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语单数it，所以用rains，故选C。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果天不下雨，他将去购物。rain下雨，实义动词；go去，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，排除A，天不下雨才去购物，所以从句用否定，主语单数it，所以用doesn't rain，主句用will go，故选B。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想和他们交朋友，和这些孩子们玩是必要的。A.如果；B.直到......才；C.除非......否则......。和孩子们玩耍的条件是你想和他们交朋友，所以用if，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记连词词义，然后根据句意确定。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：如果她成为一位妈妈，Kitty将和她的孩子度过更多的时间。become成为，实义动词。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。if所在的句子是从句，所以用一般现在时，主语she，所以用becomes，故选A。
【点评】考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意平时识记从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
13．【答案】B
【知识点】条件状语从句；连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非你半途而废，否则你最终会成功的。A如果，B除非，C尽管，根据You will succeed finally和you give up halfway，可知时态是主将从现，半途而废与最终会成功的是否定句的假设，故是unless引导的条件状语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查连辨析词，注意unless引导的条件状语从句的用法。
14．【答案】C
【知识点】条件状语从句；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道明天的会议他是否将要来吗？——我不确定。如果他来，我将尽可能快地给你打电话。if如果，是否。根据I'm not sure.我不确定，可知不知道是否他将来，tomorrow表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will come；第二个句子表示if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形，if所在的句子是从句，主语是he，所以用comes，故选C。
【点评】考查一般将来时和if引导的条件状语从句。
15．【答案】（1）You will be punished unless you obey the rules.；If you don't obey the rules, you will be punished.；You will be punished if you don t obey the rules.
（2）If you don t keep it in the water, a fish dies.；A fish dies unless you keep it in the water.；Unless you keep it in the water, a fish dies.
（3）If he doesn't work hard on it, nobody can learn English well.；Nobody can learn English well unless he works hard on it.；Unless he works hard on it, nobody can learn English well.
（4）You will be late for the meeting unless you start right now.；If you don't start right now, you will be late for the meeting.；You will be late for the meeting if you don t start right now.
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：除非你遵守规则，否则你将受到惩罚。即如果你不遵守规则，你将受到惩罚。if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形，if所在句子是从句，主语是you，不遵守规则，所以用否定，即don't obey，主句用will+动词原形，故填You will be punished unless you obey the rules.；If you don't obey the rules, you will be punished.；You will be punished if you don't obey the rules.。
（2）句意：如果你不把鱼放在水里，它将会死。即除非你把鱼放进水里，否则鱼会死去。unless除非......否则......，从句表示肯定，即去掉助动词don't。故填If you don t keep it in the water, a fish dies.；A fish dies unless you keep it in the water.；Unless you keep it in the water, a fish dies.。
（3）句意：如果不努力学习英语，谁也学不好它。即：除非努力学习英语，否则没有人能学好。unless除非......否则......，从句用肯定，时态是一般现在时，主语是he，所以用works。故填If he doesn't work hard on it, nobody can learn English well.；Nobody can learn English well unless he works hard on it.；Unless he works hard on it, nobody can learn English well.。
（4）句意：除非你现在开始，否则你开会要迟到了。即：如果你现在不开始，你将开会迟到。if如果，引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形，从句表示否定，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，所以用don't，故填You will be late for the meeting unless you start right now.；If you don't start right now, you will be late for the meeting.；You will be late for the meeting if you don t start right now.。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记if和unless的区别，根据例句确定同义句。
16．【答案】but；of；members；Wearing；wonderful；third；to finish；men；went；their
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了让她100岁的生日变得激动人心，南非的一位妇女哈伍德在空中进行了一次跳伞运动，但对她来说还不够。她想做一次鲨鱼笼潜水，让它更加刺激。
（1）句意：为了让她100岁的生日变得激动人心，南非的一位妇女哈伍德在空中进行了一次跳伞运动，但对她来说还不够。根据前句可知为了让她100岁的生日变得激动人心，南非的一位妇女哈伍德在空中进行了一次跳伞运动，和后句她想做一次鲨鱼笼潜水，让它更加刺激，前后句表示转折，所以用but，但是，故填but。
（2）句意：周六在另一个人的帮助下，她在开普敦北部附近跳了起来。with the help of在.....帮助下，固定搭配，故填of。
（3）句意：5名三人一组的家庭成员和朋友也和哈伍德一起在空中。member成员，可数名词，15后面用可数名词复数，所以用members，故填members。
（4）句意：哈伍德穿着红色连身裤，看上去很年轻。根据red jumpsuit可知穿着红色的跳伞服看上去年轻，wear穿着，实义动词，句子已经用谓语looked，所以用动名词表示伴随，所以用wearing，故填Wearing。
（5）句意：她说看到周围的人真是太好了。看见周围的人是极好的，即wonderful，极好的，形容词，was后面用形容词，故填wonderful。
（6）句意：今年是她第三次跳伞。three3，基数词，是第三次跳伞，所以用序数词third第三，故填third。
（7）句意：然后，她决定完成她的另一个愿望——做一个鲨鱼笼潜水。wish愿望，所以是完成愿望，finish完成，实义动词，decide to do sth.决定做某事，固定搭配，所以用to finish，故填to finish。
（8）句意：这比跳伞要紧张得多，甚至年轻人都害怕这样做。man人，可数名词，根据were可知主语是复数，所以用men，故填men。
（9）句意：星期一，她进了一个笼子，工人们把笼子放在水里，笼子周围有鱼肉。go去，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式went，故填went。
（10）句意：当鲨鱼闻到鱼的味道时，它们会张开嘴吃鱼，这真的很危险。鲨鱼张开它们的嘴，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，mouths嘴，所以用their它们的，形容词性物主代词，故填their。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
17．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】社会现象类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了食物浪费严重及停止食物浪费的一些方法。
（1）细节题。根据后句Recently," share fridges" have come to cities like Shanghai and Quanzhou, Quick meals,' milk, cookies and cakes are staying in the fridges.And it is free for every passerby to enjoy.可知最近“共享冰箱”来到上海、泉州等城市，快餐、牛奶、饼干、蛋糕等都留在冰箱里，并且冰箱里的食物是免费的，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据In 1967 some people in the USA wanted to do the same with food. They then set up the world's free food可知1967年，美国的一些人想在食物上做同样的事情。然后他们建立了世界上免费的食物，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据There is a "Best Before Date" on the food bag. Before that date, the quality (质量) is the best.可知食品袋上有一个“约会前最佳”字样。在此日期之前，质量（质量）最好，故选B。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了食物浪费严重及停止食物浪费的一些方法，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
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