外研版初中英语八年级上册Module 9 Population Unit 3 Language in use同步训练

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名称 外研版初中英语八年级上册Module 9 Population Unit 3 Language in use同步训练
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外研版初中英语八年级上册Module 9 Population Unit 3 Language in use同步训练
一、根据句意及首字母、汉语提示完成单词。(每小题2分,共10分)
1.Don't make any n     Your
grandfather is sleeping in bed.
【答案】noise
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:别吵闹,你爷爷在睡觉。根据Your grandfather is sleeping in bed. 可知是不要制造噪音,噪音,noise,不可数名词,故答案为noise。
【点评】考查名词。注意根据句意,推理出合适的名词。
2.Is there a p     telephone
here
【答案】public
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意:这里有公用电话吗?根据句意,可知是公共电话,公共的,大众的,public,形容词。故答案为public。
【点评】考查形容词。注意根据句意及首字母,推理出合适的词。
3.The population of China is i
    (增长) very fast.
【答案】increasing
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意:中国的人口增长很快。增长,increase,动词。根据句意,可知人口正增长很快,因此用现在进行时,即be doing 结构,increase的现在分词是increasing,故答案为increasing。
【点评】考查现在 进行时。注意现在进行时的结构be doing。
4.How can I offer     (服务) to the people
【答案】services
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意:我怎样才能为人民服务?服务,service,名词。根据句意,可知要用复数,即services,故答案为services。
【点评】考查名词。注意识记单词service,根据句意,填入单词合适的形式。
5.I like the new city. The    
(当地的) people are very friendly.
【答案】local
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢这个新城市。当地人很友好。当地的,local,形容词,根据句意,可知用形容词原级,故答案为local。
【点评】考查形容词。注意识记单词local。
二、用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下列句子(有一项多余)。(每小题2分,共10分)
6.用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下列句子(有一项多余)
make notes protect close down
in the future pay
for in fact
(1)Let's do
everything we can     the animals and plants.
(2)He is always
    during the meeting.
(3)I didn't have
enough money to     the CD recorder.
(4)I hope there
won't be much pollution    .
(5)The paper
factory     two years ago.
【答案】(1)to protect
(2)making notes
(3)pay for
(4)in the future
(5)closed down
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】make notes ,做笔记; protect,保护; close down,关闭; in the future,在将来; pay for ,为……付款; in fact,实际上,事实上。
(1)句意:让我们尽我们所能保护动植物。根据宾语the animals and plants. 可知是保护动植物,这里要用不定式作目的状语,即to protect,故答案为to protect。
(2)句意:开会时他总是做笔记。根据during the meeting,可知是在会议上做笔记,即选make notes,又因为前面有be动词,因此要用分词形式,make的现在分词是making,故答案为making notes。
(3)句意:我没有足够的钱买这台CD录音机。根据句意,可知是没钱为这台CD录音机付款,不定式to后接动词原形,故答案为pay for。
(4)句意:我希望将来不会有太多的污染。根据won't,可知用的是一般将来时。根据句意,可知希望是将来没有污染,故答案为in the future。
(5)句意:造纸厂两年前倒闭了。根据主语the paper factory,可知是工厂关闭,根据时间状语two years ago,因此要用一般过去式,close的过去式是closed,故答案为closed down。
【点评】考查选词填空。首先了解各短语的含义,然后根据句意,选择合适的短语,注意短语的正确形式。
三、单项选择。(每小题4分,共20分)
7.About two fifths of the doctors _______________ women in the hospital.
A.is B.was C.are D.have
【答案】C
【知识点】系动词be
【解析】【分析】句意:大约五分之二的医生是医院里的妇女。根据句意结构,可知主语是About two fifths of the doctors,其中的doctors是复数,因为be动词要用复数形式are,故选C。
【点评】考查be动词。注意分数作主语时,谓语动词的形式。
8.I bought a big house _______________ a beautiful garden.
A.have B.with C.under D.has
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:我买了一栋大房子,有一个漂亮的花园。A 有,动词;B 携带,有,介词;C 在……下面;D 有,动词。根据句子结构,可知已经有动词bought,因此不能再用动词的形式,这里用介词with,表示“有,拥有”,故选B。
【点评】考查介词。注意介词with的用法。
9.Our country is getting _______________. We are proud of it.
A.more and more strong B.strong and strong
C.stronger and stronger D.better and best
【答案】C
【知识点】表示越来越
【解析】【分析】句意:我们的国家越来越强大。我们为此感到骄傲。根据句意,可知要用比较级,the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越来越……”,strong 的比较级形式是strong ,因此“越来越强大”可译为“stronger and stronger ”,故选C。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意识记“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法。
10.(2017八下·岳池期末)— I missed the beginning of _____ cartoon The Lion King.
— What a pity! You should have left school half ______ hour earlier.
A.a; an B.the; a C.the; an D.an; the
【答案】C
【知识点】表示数量“一”;表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意: --我错过了卡通狮子王的开头。--真可惜。你应该早离开学校半小时。冠词作为一种虚词, 只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有两个, a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。不定冠词用在单数可数名词前面, 表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个, 相当于中文的"一个"。定冠词和名词连用, 表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 这里的卡通是特指狮子王卡通片, 在单词hour中h不发音, 该词以元音音素开头, 故答案为C。
【点评】考查冠词的用法,掌握基本规则:the表示特指;a/an表示泛指。an+元音;a+辅音。
11.My grandparents live in an old apartment with ________ floors and they are on the ________ floor.
A.fifth; three B.fifth; third C.five; three D.five; third
【答案】D
【知识点】序数词;整数表达
【解析】【分析】句意:我祖父母居住在一座五层楼的旧公寓,他们在三楼。基数词指数量,可知第一空是基数词,第二空用序数词表示在第几楼,five五,基数词;fifth第五,故选D。
【点评】考查数词用法。注意基数词和序数词的区别。
四、句子翻译。(每小题4分,共20分)
12.那家公司要倒闭了。
That company is going to
   .
【答案】close down
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“倒闭”。倒闭,close down,根据句子结构,可知用的是一般将来时,be going to do sth,后接动词原形,故答案为close down。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语close down。
13.许多鸟死于空气污染。
A lot of birds
    air pollution.
【答案】died from
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“死于”。死于,die from,根据句意,可知用一般过去式,die的过去式是died,故答案为died from。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语die from,注意根据句意,填入单词正确的形式。
14.我不再是一个学生。
I     a student
   .
【答案】am not;any more
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“不再”。不再,not… any more,主语为“I”,因此be动词用am,其否定为am not,故答案为am not,any more。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语not… any more。
15.太多的汽车加重了空气污染。
    cars
    the air pollution.
【答案】Too many;increase
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“太多”、“增长”。太多,too many/ much,因为cars为可数名词,因此用too many,句首首字母大写,即Too many;增长,increase,动词,注意cars为复数,因此谓语动词用原形,故答案为Too many;increase。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意根据句子所缺成分,填入适当的的短语和单词,主语时态的用法。
16.完成这项工作花费了我两个小时。
【答案】It took me two hours to finish the work.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】完成,finish;这项工作,the work;花费,take;我,me;两个小时,two hours。根据句意,可知用句子结构 It takes sb +一段时间+to do sth,根据句意,可知要用一般过去式,take的过去式是took,故答案为It took me two hours to finish the work。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语“It takes sb +一段时间+to do sth”。
五、用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下面短文(有一项多余)。(每空4分,共20分)
用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下面短文(有一项多余)
pollution problem with less and less noise cause
Problems caused by the increasing population
Nowadays, the population of the world is becoming larger and larger.  17.   the increase of the population of the world, there are more and more  18.   . First, there is less and less food for everyone to eat. So some people in poor areas will even die of hunger. Second, the cities become bigger and bigger, and more and more people have their own cars. This  19.   much more air pollution and  20.   pollution. Third, there is  21.   energy for people to use. So we should try our best to control the increase of the population. Then we will live a happier life.
【答案】17.With;18.problems;19.causes;20.noise;21.less and less
【知识点】环保类;议论文
【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述了人口增加导致的环境问题。
pollution污染;problem问题;with具有;less and less越来越少;noise噪音;cause原因
【点评】考查选词填空,首先识记单词词义及词性,然后根据句意和语法回答。
17.句意:随着世界人口的增加,有越来越多的问题。with the i ncrease of …,随着……的增加,固定搭配, 故答案为 With 。
18.句意:随着世界人口的增加,有越来越多的问题。根据 more and more ,可知问题随着人口增加而增加, problem ,可数名词,这里用复数形式,故答案为 problems 。
19.句意:这导致了空气污染和噪音污染大大增加。根据 air pollution ,可知是导致问题,cause,动词,全文是一般现在时,主语是this,谓语动词用单三式,故答案为 causes 。
20.句意:这导致了空气污染和噪音污染大大增加。根据 air pollution 和pollution 的提示,可知是另一种污染,噪音污染,noise pollution,固定搭配,故答案为 noise 。
21.句意:第三,有越来越少的能源供人们使用。根据 for people to use,可知能源在减少,less and less符合题意,故答案为 less and less 。
六、阅读理解。(每小题4分,共20分)
阅读理解
There are about 7 billion people on the Earth
now. The world's population is a big problem because it will cause lots of
problems in the future. More people will need more food and will need more room
to live in as well.
The world's population growth rate rose from
about 1.5 percent per year during 1950- 1951 to over 2 percent in the early
1960s. Although the growth rate thereafter started to fall due to(由于) people getting married later as well as the development of
technology, the rate is on the rise again now.
The important thing is not how large the
population of the world is, but how fast the rate increases. The world
population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999. The world population
will grow from 6 billion in 1999 to9 billion by 2050. This great growth of the
population will create a big problem by the year 2100-- there will be over 10
billion people in the world then.
22.The population of the world is about _________________ now and may be over _________________ by 2100.
A.7 billion; 10 billion B.7 million; 10 million
C.6 billion; 10 billion D.6 billion; 9 million
23.What does the underlined word“ thereafter” refer to
A.Before the 1960s. B.After the late 1960s.
C.After the early 1960s. D.Before the late 1960s.
24.According to the passage, the growth of the population was the fastest in the_________________.
A.early 1950s B.early 1960s C.late 1950s D.late 1960s
25.From the passage we know that _________________.
A.the world's population is becoming smaller
B.the world's population is increasing
C.the world's population growth rate won't change
D.the world's population growth rate has been rising since the 1950s
26.What's the best title for this passage
A.More Food and Less Room B.A New Problem
C.We Should Feed Many People D.The Growth of the Population
【答案】22.A
23.C
24.B
25.B
26.D
【知识点】社会现象类;科普类;议论文
【解析】【分析】短文讲了现在地球上大约有70亿人口,详细地讲述了人口增长的速度和带来的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解,首先读懂题意,然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句,理解句意,最终确定答案。
22.细节理解题。根据There are about 7 billion people on the Earth now. 现在地球上大约有70亿人口,This great growth of the population will create a big problem by the year 2100-there will be over 10 billion people in the world then. 到2100年,世界人口的大增长将造成一个大问题届时世界人口将超过100亿。可知目前世界人口约为70亿,到2100年可能超过100亿。故选A。
23.词义猜测题。根据The world's population growth rate rose from about 1.5 percent per year during 1950-1951 to over 2 percent in the early 1960s. Although the growth rate thereafterstarted to fall due to (由于) people getting married later as well as the development of technology, the rate is on the rise again now. 世界人口增长率从1950-1951年的每年约1.5%上升到1960年代初的每年2%以上。尽管由于晚婚和科技的发展,此后的增长率开始下降,但现在又开始上升。可知结合选项,thereafter指的是1960年初期以后。故选C。
24.细节理解题。根据The world's population growth rate rose from about 1.5 percent per year during 1950-1951 to over 2 percent in the early 1960s. 世界人口增长率从1950-1951年的每年约1.5%上升到20世纪60年代初的2%以上,可知根据这篇文章,60年代早期人口增长最快。故选B。
25.细节理解题。根据 The world population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999. The world population will grow from 6 billion in 1999 to 9 billion by 2050. This great growth of the population will create a big problem by the year 2100-there will be over 10 billion people in the world then. 世界人口从1959年的30亿增加到1999年的60亿。世界人口将从1999年的60亿增加到2050年的90亿。到2100年,世界人口的大增长将造成一个大问题届时世界人口将超过100亿。可知世界人口正在增长。故选B。
26.主旨大意题。根据 The world population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999. The world population will grow from 6 billion in 1999 to 9 billion by 2050. This great growth of the population will create a big problem by the year 2100-there will be over 10 billion people in the world then. 世界人口从1959年的30亿增加到1999年的60亿。世界人口将从1999年的60亿增加到2050年的90亿。到2100年,世界人口的大增长将造成一个大问题届时世界人口将超过100亿。可知文章说的是人口的增长。故选D。
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外研版初中英语八年级上册Module 9 Population Unit 3 Language in use同步训练
一、根据句意及首字母、汉语提示完成单词。(每小题2分,共10分)
1.Don't make any n     Your
grandfather is sleeping in bed.
2.Is there a p     telephone
here
3.The population of China is i
    (增长) very fast.
4.How can I offer     (服务) to the people
5.I like the new city. The    
(当地的) people are very friendly.
二、用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下列句子(有一项多余)。(每小题2分,共10分)
6.用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下列句子(有一项多余)
make notes protect close down
in the future pay
for in fact
(1)Let's do
everything we can     the animals and plants.
(2)He is always
    during the meeting.
(3)I didn't have
enough money to     the CD recorder.
(4)I hope there
won't be much pollution    .
(5)The paper
factory     two years ago.
三、单项选择。(每小题4分,共20分)
7.About two fifths of the doctors _______________ women in the hospital.
A.is B.was C.are D.have
8.I bought a big house _______________ a beautiful garden.
A.have B.with C.under D.has
9.Our country is getting _______________. We are proud of it.
A.more and more strong B.strong and strong
C.stronger and stronger D.better and best
10.(2017八下·岳池期末)— I missed the beginning of _____ cartoon The Lion King.
— What a pity! You should have left school half ______ hour earlier.
A.a; an B.the; a C.the; an D.an; the
11.My grandparents live in an old apartment with ________ floors and they are on the ________ floor.
A.fifth; three B.fifth; third C.five; three D.five; third
四、句子翻译。(每小题4分,共20分)
12.那家公司要倒闭了。
That company is going to
   .
13.许多鸟死于空气污染。
A lot of birds
    air pollution.
14.我不再是一个学生。
I     a student
   .
15.太多的汽车加重了空气污染。
    cars
    the air pollution.
16.完成这项工作花费了我两个小时。
五、用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下面短文(有一项多余)。(每空4分,共20分)
用方框内所给词的适当形式完成下面短文(有一项多余)
pollution problem with less and less noise cause
Problems caused by the increasing population
Nowadays, the population of the world is becoming larger and larger.  17.   the increase of the population of the world, there are more and more  18.   . First, there is less and less food for everyone to eat. So some people in poor areas will even die of hunger. Second, the cities become bigger and bigger, and more and more people have their own cars. This  19.   much more air pollution and  20.   pollution. Third, there is  21.   energy for people to use. So we should try our best to control the increase of the population. Then we will live a happier life.
六、阅读理解。(每小题4分,共20分)
阅读理解
There are about 7 billion people on the Earth
now. The world's population is a big problem because it will cause lots of
problems in the future. More people will need more food and will need more room
to live in as well.
The world's population growth rate rose from
about 1.5 percent per year during 1950- 1951 to over 2 percent in the early
1960s. Although the growth rate thereafter started to fall due to(由于) people getting married later as well as the development of
technology, the rate is on the rise again now.
The important thing is not how large the
population of the world is, but how fast the rate increases. The world
population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999. The world population
will grow from 6 billion in 1999 to9 billion by 2050. This great growth of the
population will create a big problem by the year 2100-- there will be over 10
billion people in the world then.
22.The population of the world is about _________________ now and may be over _________________ by 2100.
A.7 billion; 10 billion B.7 million; 10 million
C.6 billion; 10 billion D.6 billion; 9 million
23.What does the underlined word“ thereafter” refer to
A.Before the 1960s. B.After the late 1960s.
C.After the early 1960s. D.Before the late 1960s.
24.According to the passage, the growth of the population was the fastest in the_________________.
A.early 1950s B.early 1960s C.late 1950s D.late 1960s
25.From the passage we know that _________________.
A.the world's population is becoming smaller
B.the world's population is increasing
C.the world's population growth rate won't change
D.the world's population growth rate has been rising since the 1950s
26.What's the best title for this passage
A.More Food and Less Room B.A New Problem
C.We Should Feed Many People D.The Growth of the Population
答案解析部分
1.【答案】noise
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:别吵闹,你爷爷在睡觉。根据Your grandfather is sleeping in bed. 可知是不要制造噪音,噪音,noise,不可数名词,故答案为noise。
【点评】考查名词。注意根据句意,推理出合适的名词。
2.【答案】public
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意:这里有公用电话吗?根据句意,可知是公共电话,公共的,大众的,public,形容词。故答案为public。
【点评】考查形容词。注意根据句意及首字母,推理出合适的词。
3.【答案】increasing
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意:中国的人口增长很快。增长,increase,动词。根据句意,可知人口正增长很快,因此用现在进行时,即be doing 结构,increase的现在分词是increasing,故答案为increasing。
【点评】考查现在 进行时。注意现在进行时的结构be doing。
4.【答案】services
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意:我怎样才能为人民服务?服务,service,名词。根据句意,可知要用复数,即services,故答案为services。
【点评】考查名词。注意识记单词service,根据句意,填入单词合适的形式。
5.【答案】local
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢这个新城市。当地人很友好。当地的,local,形容词,根据句意,可知用形容词原级,故答案为local。
【点评】考查形容词。注意识记单词local。
6.【答案】(1)to protect
(2)making notes
(3)pay for
(4)in the future
(5)closed down
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】make notes ,做笔记; protect,保护; close down,关闭; in the future,在将来; pay for ,为……付款; in fact,实际上,事实上。
(1)句意:让我们尽我们所能保护动植物。根据宾语the animals and plants. 可知是保护动植物,这里要用不定式作目的状语,即to protect,故答案为to protect。
(2)句意:开会时他总是做笔记。根据during the meeting,可知是在会议上做笔记,即选make notes,又因为前面有be动词,因此要用分词形式,make的现在分词是making,故答案为making notes。
(3)句意:我没有足够的钱买这台CD录音机。根据句意,可知是没钱为这台CD录音机付款,不定式to后接动词原形,故答案为pay for。
(4)句意:我希望将来不会有太多的污染。根据won't,可知用的是一般将来时。根据句意,可知希望是将来没有污染,故答案为in the future。
(5)句意:造纸厂两年前倒闭了。根据主语the paper factory,可知是工厂关闭,根据时间状语two years ago,因此要用一般过去式,close的过去式是closed,故答案为closed down。
【点评】考查选词填空。首先了解各短语的含义,然后根据句意,选择合适的短语,注意短语的正确形式。
7.【答案】C
【知识点】系动词be
【解析】【分析】句意:大约五分之二的医生是医院里的妇女。根据句意结构,可知主语是About two fifths of the doctors,其中的doctors是复数,因为be动词要用复数形式are,故选C。
【点评】考查be动词。注意分数作主语时,谓语动词的形式。
8.【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:我买了一栋大房子,有一个漂亮的花园。A 有,动词;B 携带,有,介词;C 在……下面;D 有,动词。根据句子结构,可知已经有动词bought,因此不能再用动词的形式,这里用介词with,表示“有,拥有”,故选B。
【点评】考查介词。注意介词with的用法。
9.【答案】C
【知识点】表示越来越
【解析】【分析】句意:我们的国家越来越强大。我们为此感到骄傲。根据句意,可知要用比较级,the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越来越……”,strong 的比较级形式是strong ,因此“越来越强大”可译为“stronger and stronger ”,故选C。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意识记“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法。
10.【答案】C
【知识点】表示数量“一”;表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意: --我错过了卡通狮子王的开头。--真可惜。你应该早离开学校半小时。冠词作为一种虚词, 只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有两个, a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。不定冠词用在单数可数名词前面, 表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个, 相当于中文的"一个"。定冠词和名词连用, 表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 这里的卡通是特指狮子王卡通片, 在单词hour中h不发音, 该词以元音音素开头, 故答案为C。
【点评】考查冠词的用法,掌握基本规则:the表示特指;a/an表示泛指。an+元音;a+辅音。
11.【答案】D
【知识点】序数词;整数表达
【解析】【分析】句意:我祖父母居住在一座五层楼的旧公寓,他们在三楼。基数词指数量,可知第一空是基数词,第二空用序数词表示在第几楼,five五,基数词;fifth第五,故选D。
【点评】考查数词用法。注意基数词和序数词的区别。
12.【答案】close down
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“倒闭”。倒闭,close down,根据句子结构,可知用的是一般将来时,be going to do sth,后接动词原形,故答案为close down。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语close down。
13.【答案】died from
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“死于”。死于,die from,根据句意,可知用一般过去式,die的过去式是died,故答案为died from。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语die from,注意根据句意,填入单词正确的形式。
14.【答案】am not;any more
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“不再”。不再,not… any more,主语为“I”,因此be动词用am,其否定为am not,故答案为am not,any more。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语not… any more。
15.【答案】Too many;increase
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,可知确实句子成分“太多”、“增长”。太多,too many/ much,因为cars为可数名词,因此用too many,句首首字母大写,即Too many;增长,increase,动词,注意cars为复数,因此谓语动词用原形,故答案为Too many;increase。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意根据句子所缺成分,填入适当的的短语和单词,主语时态的用法。
16.【答案】It took me two hours to finish the work.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】完成,finish;这项工作,the work;花费,take;我,me;两个小时,two hours。根据句意,可知用句子结构 It takes sb +一段时间+to do sth,根据句意,可知要用一般过去式,take的过去式是took,故答案为It took me two hours to finish the work。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记短语“It takes sb +一段时间+to do sth”。
【答案】17.With;18.problems;19.causes;20.noise;21.less and less
【知识点】环保类;议论文
【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述了人口增加导致的环境问题。
pollution污染;problem问题;with具有;less and less越来越少;noise噪音;cause原因
【点评】考查选词填空,首先识记单词词义及词性,然后根据句意和语法回答。
17.句意:随着世界人口的增加,有越来越多的问题。with the i ncrease of …,随着……的增加,固定搭配, 故答案为 With 。
18.句意:随着世界人口的增加,有越来越多的问题。根据 more and more ,可知问题随着人口增加而增加, problem ,可数名词,这里用复数形式,故答案为 problems 。
19.句意:这导致了空气污染和噪音污染大大增加。根据 air pollution ,可知是导致问题,cause,动词,全文是一般现在时,主语是this,谓语动词用单三式,故答案为 causes 。
20.句意:这导致了空气污染和噪音污染大大增加。根据 air pollution 和pollution 的提示,可知是另一种污染,噪音污染,noise pollution,固定搭配,故答案为 noise 。
21.句意:第三,有越来越少的能源供人们使用。根据 for people to use,可知能源在减少,less and less符合题意,故答案为 less and less 。
【答案】22.A
23.C
24.B
25.B
26.D
【知识点】社会现象类;科普类;议论文
【解析】【分析】短文讲了现在地球上大约有70亿人口,详细地讲述了人口增长的速度和带来的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解,首先读懂题意,然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句,理解句意,最终确定答案。
22.细节理解题。根据There are about 7 billion people on the Earth now. 现在地球上大约有70亿人口,This great growth of the population will create a big problem by the year 2100-there will be over 10 billion people in the world then. 到2100年,世界人口的大增长将造成一个大问题届时世界人口将超过100亿。可知目前世界人口约为70亿,到2100年可能超过100亿。故选A。
23.词义猜测题。根据The world's population growth rate rose from about 1.5 percent per year during 1950-1951 to over 2 percent in the early 1960s. Although the growth rate thereafterstarted to fall due to (由于) people getting married later as well as the development of technology, the rate is on the rise again now. 世界人口增长率从1950-1951年的每年约1.5%上升到1960年代初的每年2%以上。尽管由于晚婚和科技的发展,此后的增长率开始下降,但现在又开始上升。可知结合选项,thereafter指的是1960年初期以后。故选C。
24.细节理解题。根据The world's population growth rate rose from about 1.5 percent per year during 1950-1951 to over 2 percent in the early 1960s. 世界人口增长率从1950-1951年的每年约1.5%上升到20世纪60年代初的2%以上,可知根据这篇文章,60年代早期人口增长最快。故选B。
25.细节理解题。根据 The world population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999. The world population will grow from 6 billion in 1999 to 9 billion by 2050. This great growth of the population will create a big problem by the year 2100-there will be over 10 billion people in the world then. 世界人口从1959年的30亿增加到1999年的60亿。世界人口将从1999年的60亿增加到2050年的90亿。到2100年,世界人口的大增长将造成一个大问题届时世界人口将超过100亿。可知世界人口正在增长。故选B。
26.主旨大意题。根据 The world population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999. The world population will grow from 6 billion in 1999 to 9 billion by 2050. This great growth of the population will create a big problem by the year 2100-there will be over 10 billion people in the world then. 世界人口从1959年的30亿增加到1999年的60亿。世界人口将从1999年的60亿增加到2050年的90亿。到2100年,世界人口的大增长将造成一个大问题届时世界人口将超过100亿。可知文章说的是人口的增长。故选D。
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