上海本地版（五四制）八年级下册初中英语Module 1 Unit 1同步练习
1．Trees are the biggest and oldest living things on the earth. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence
A．/'livig/ B．/'li: vig/
C．/li 'vg/ D．/li: 'vg/
【答案】A
【知识点】语音
【解析】【分析】句意： 树木是地球上最大最古老的生物。以下哪一项对句子中带下划线的单词是正确的？living的发音是/'livig/，故选A。
【点评】考查语音，注意识记living的发音是/'livig/。
2．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation with others
A．She hardly drinks coffee, because coffee is bad for her stomach.
B．Tommy enjoys playing cards with his friends at the weekend.
C．The escaped prisoner was brought back under armed guard.
D．I can hear him singing in the kitchen.
【答案】D
【知识点】其他字母组合读音
【解析】【分析】句意：下面划线部分哪一个和其他的发音不一样？句子意思：A、 她几乎不喝咖啡，因为咖啡对她的胃不好。B、 汤米喜欢在周末和朋友们打牌。C、 逃犯在武装看守下被带回来。D、 我能听到他在厨房里唱歌。hardly（几乎不，很少）；音标：/ hɑ dl /；cards（纸牌）；音标：/kɑ dz/；guard（警卫，看守）；音标：/ɡɑ rd/；hear（听见）；音标：/h r/；由音标可知"hardly"、"cards"、"guard" 中的 "a" 发音为 /ɑ /，而 "hear" 中的 "a" 发音为 / /。所以，划线字母 "r" 的发音与其他字母 "a" 的发音不同。 故选D。
【点评】考查语音，注意识记的用法。
3．The clean water and fresh air in the countryside keep me_________ and healthy.
A．alive B．lived C．living D．live
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：乡下干净的水和新鲜的空气使我愉快健康。A愉快活波的，B居住，C活着的，D生命，根据healthy，可知是身心愉悦的，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记alive的用法。
4．Trees can protect themselves producing a chemical.
A．by B．from C．with D．in
【答案】A
【知识点】简单介词；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：树木可以通过产生化学物质来保护自己。A靠着，B来自，C有，D在里面，根据产生化学物质来保护自己，可知是方式，故是by，故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析，注意识记by的用法。
5．Though we live in different countries, we often______ each other by phone or emails.
A．communication with B．communicate with
C．contact with D．communicate in
【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然我们住在不同的国家，但我们经常通过电话或电子邮件互相沟通。此处缺少谓语动词，communicate是动词，根据通过电话或电子邮件，可知是communicate with sb，与某人交流，故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语，注意识记communicate with sb的用法。
6．They are playing chess over there. Let's go and ______them.
A．take part in B．attend C．join D．join in
【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正在那边下棋。让我们去把和他们一起玩。A参加，宾语是活动，B出席，宾语是会议，典礼等，C加入，宾语是人，D参加，宾语是组织，根据them可知宾语是人，故是join，故选C。
【点评】考查动词，注意识记join的用法。
7．We must try our best to fight _______ pollution.
A．for B．against C．with D．to
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须尽最大努力对抗污染。A为了，B对抗，C有，D到，根据尽最大努力，可知是对抗污染，故选B。
【点评】考查介词，注意识记fight against的用法。
8．The seafood his mother cooked tasted so_________ that everyone ate a lot.
A．delicious B．well C．terribly D．badly
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：他妈妈做的海鲜味道很好，每个人都吃了很多。taste是系动词，其后是形容词，delicious是形容词，其他的是副词，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记delicious的用法。
9．As we all know, people live without oxygen.
A．shouldn't B．may C．can't D．can
【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：众所周知，人没有氧气不能活。A不应该，B可能，C不能，D能，根据人没有氧气，可知不能活，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词，注意识记can't的用法。
10．Be quiet! My sister_______ for her exam in the next door.
A．prepares B．prepared C．has prepared D．is preparing
【答案】D
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：安静！我妹妹在隔壁准备考试。be quiet祈使句是现在进行时标志，故是be doing的形式，故选D。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在进行时的用法。
11．The water here is not mixed with anything else because it is not polluted by any _______ industrial wastes.
A．polluted B．clean C．pure D．dirty
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这里的水没有和其他任何东西混合，因为它没有被任何脏的工业废物污染。A污染的，B干净的，C纯净的，D脏的，根据工业废物，可知是脏的，故选D。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记pure的用法。
12．—Shall we go out for a walk
—Sorry, I can't. I_______ my homework.
A．did B．am doing C．do D．have done
【答案】B
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们出去散步好吗？——对不起，不行，我在写作业。根据对不起，不行，可知我在写作业，是现在进行时，be doing的形式表示此时此刻的状态，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，注意现在进行时的用法。
13．Don't make so much noise. The students________ a Chinese class.
A．are having B．had C．have D．were having
【答案】A
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：别吵了。学生们正在上语文班。 Don't make so much noise祈使句是现在进行时标志，故是be doing的形式，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，注意现在进行时的用法。
14．John is from Britain. He_______ English.
A．will speak B．speak C．speaks D．is speaking
【答案】C
【知识点】表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：约翰来自英国。他说英语。此处缺少谓语动词，描述客观事实是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词是单三式，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，注意主谓一致的用法。
15．Students will make great progress if they_______ a subject.
A．are interesting in B．are interesting
C．are interested in D．are interested
【答案】C
【知识点】简单介词；一般现在时代替一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果学生对一门学科感兴趣，他们会取得很大的进步。be interested in，固定搭配，对某事感兴趣，故选C。
【点评】考查短语，注意识记be interested in的用法。
16．Everyone_______ except Jack. He is going over his lessons in the sitting room.
A．are sleeping B．is sleeping C．sleeping D．sleep
【答案】B
【知识点】主谓一致；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：除了杰克，每个人都在睡觉，他正在客厅复习功课。根据He is going over，可知是时态现在进行时，主语是第三人称单数，故be是is，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，注意现在进行时和主谓一致的用法。
17．将下列单词或词组填入空格。每词或词组只能填—次
A. experts B. pleasure C. funny D. choose E. possible
Reading for pleasure is the easiest way to become a better reader in
English. It is also the most important way. Some students say they don't want
to read for . They say they want to use their time
to learn the rules of the language and new words. They say that pleasure
reading is too easy.
Many say pleasure reading is very important for
learning English. Dr. Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning languages,
says that pleasure reading helps you learn many important things about English.
Students learn more grammar and more words when they read for pleasure. They
also learn more about good writing. Dr. Krashen tells us that pleasure reading
helps each student to learn something for himself. Pleasure reading makes it for each student to learn what he or she
needs.
Reading for pleasure is not the same as studying. When you read for
pleasure, you your
own books, and you don't have to remember everything. There are no tests on
your pleasure reading books. Pleasure reading will help you：
learn how English speakers use English
read faster in English
find examples of good writing in English
learn new words
learn about the cultures of English speaker
【答案】B；A；E；D
【知识点】选词填空；教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍快乐阅读是成为更好的英语读者的最简单的方法。
A. experts，专家，B. pleasure，高兴的事，C. funny，有趣的，D. choose，选择，E. possible，可能看
（1）句意： 一些学生说他们不想为了开心而读书。根据提示词和快乐阅读，可知是快乐，故选B。
（2）句意： 许多专家说愉快的阅读对学习英语非常重要。根据提示词和 a famous expert，可知是许多专家，故选A。
（3）句意：快乐阅读使每个学生都能学到他或她需要的东西。make it+形容词+for sb to do，是固定搭配，根据提示词和学到他或她需要的东西，可知是可能的，故选E。
（4）句意： 当你为了快乐而阅读时，你选择自己的书，你不必记住所有的东西。此处缺少谓语动词，根据提示词可知是选择，故选D。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据提示词和上下文的关系，推测词意，词性，时态和比较等级的变化，同时熟记固定搭配。
18．The girl from the right in
the picture is my best friend. (five)
【答案】fifth
【知识点】语法填空；序数词
【解析】【分析】句意：照片右边的第五个女孩是我最好的朋友。the修饰序数词，five是基数词，fifth是序数词，故填fifth。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记序数词fifth的用法。
19．His uncle is an engineer. What
about (you)
【答案】yours
【知识点】语法填空；名词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：他的叔叔是一名工程师，你的呢？根据his uncle，可知about后缺少名词性物主代词做宾语，you是形容词性物主代词，你的，yours是名词性物主代词，故填yours。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记yours，名词性物主代词做宾语的用法。
20．The young girl's ambition is to be
a . (science)
【答案】scientist
【知识点】语法填空；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 这个年轻女孩的志向是成为一名优秀的科学家。不定冠词a修饰名词单数，science是名词，科学，scientist是名词，科学家，故填scientist。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记scientist的用法。
21．Do you know that drinking too much
pure water is also to our health. (harm)
【答案】harmful
【知识点】语法填空；形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道吗，喝太多纯净水也对我们的健康有害。系动词is后是形容词，be harmful to sb，对某人有害，故填harmful。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记be harmful to sb的用法。
22．Some trees give out that
make their leaves taste nasty. (chemistry)
【答案】chemicals
【知识点】语法填空；规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：有些树散发出一种化学物质使树叶变得难闻的气味。give out后缺少名词作宾语，根据树叶变得难闻的气味，可知是化学物质，chemistry是名词，化学，chemical是名词，化学物质，表示泛指是名词复数，故填chemicals。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记chemical和名词复数的用法。
23．That factory plans to fashionable
bags for women. (product)
【答案】produce
【知识点】语法填空；动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意： 那家工厂计划生产女式时装包。plan to do，计划做某事，故此处是动词原形，product是名词，产品，produce是动词，生产，故填produce。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记produce的用法。
24．He sipped his wine,
enjoying the wonderful music. (slow)
【答案】slowly
【知识点】语法填空；其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：他端慢慢地起酒，享受着美妙的音乐。副词修饰动词，slow是形容词，慢的，slowly是副词，慢慢地，故填slowly。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意副词修饰动词的用法。
25．Help to the cakes,
everyone! (yourself)
【答案】yourselves
【知识点】语法填空；反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意： 各位请随便来吃蛋糕吧！help oneself to，自便，故此处是不定代词，根据everyone可知，此处的不定代词是大家，指代复数，故是yourselves，你们自己，故填yourselves。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记help oneself to和yourselves的用法。
26．The Grade Eight students are
planting trees over there. (改为一般疑问句）
the Grade Eight Students
trees over there
【答案】Are；planting
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意： 八年级的学生正在那边植树妈？根据are planting可知，一般疑问句系动词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Are，planting。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记一般疑问句的用法。
27．I have already eaten something. (改为否定句）
I haven't eaten .
【答案】anything；yet
【知识点】不定代词；其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：我没吃过任何东西。否定句用anything表示任何，yet用于否定句句尾，already用于肯定句，故填anything yet。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意否定句，识记anything，yet的用法。
28．People can take photos there. （对划线部分提问）
can people there
【答案】What；do
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：人们可以在那里做什么？划线部分是take photos，故提问谓语是what do，做什么，故填What ，do。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记what的用法。
29．Linda always gets up early in
order not to be late for school. (对划线部分提问）
Linda always get up
early
【答案】Why；does
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意： 琳达总是为什么早起？划线部分是 in order not to be late for school，故提问原因是why，根据gets，可知谓语动词是单三式，故助动词是does，故填Why does。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记why的用法。
30．We must thank John. He helped our
son with his English （保持句意不变）
We must thank John our
son with his English.
【答案】for；helping
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须为了John帮助我们的儿子学习英语感谢他。thank sb for doing sth，因为某事而感谢某人，固定搭配，故填for helping。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记thank sb for doing sth的用法。
31．cool, trees, clean, and, air, can,
both （连词成句）
【答案】Trees can both clean and cool air.
【知识点】连词成句
【解析】【分析】句意：树木既能净化空气，又能冷却空气。这是主谓宾结构的句子，主语是trees，树，情态动词can+动词原形是谓语， both...and...，固定搭配，clean，cool是并列谓语，净化冷却，air是宾语，空气，故填Trees can both clean and cool air。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意主谓宾结构的句子的用法。
32．Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）
A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come
and lay around it every day. He climbed up the tree, ate the apples, took a nap
in the shadow. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him. As time
went by, the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree
every day. One day, the boy came back to the tree and he looked sad. "Come
and play with me," the tree asked the boy. "I am no longer a kid, I
don't play around trees anymore.'' The boy replied, "I want toys. I need
money to buy them.'' "Sorry, but I don't have money, but you can pick all
my apples and sell them. So, you will have money. The boy was very excited. He
grabbed all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy never came back
after he picked the apples. The tree was sad.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so excited. "Come and
play with me, the tree said. I don't have time to play. I have to work for my
family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me " "Sorry, but I
don't have a house. But you can chop off my branches to build your house."
So the boy cut all the branches off the tree and left happily. The tree
was glad to see him happy but the boy never came back since then. The tree was
again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. "Come
and play with me!" the tree said. "I am sad and getting old. I want
to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat " "Use my trunk
to build your boat. You can sail far away and be happy." So the boy cut
the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and never showed up for a long
time. Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. "Sorry, my
boy, but I don't have anything for you anymore. No more apples for you, the tree
said. "I don't have teeth to bite" the boy replied. "No more
trunk for you to climb on …," "I am too old for that now." the
boy said. "I really can give you anything ... the only thing left is my
dying root, the tree said with tears.
"I don't need much now, just
a place to rest. I am tired after all these years." The boy replied. "Good!
Old tree root is the best place to lean on and e, come to sit down.
（1）Where did the little boy take a nap
A．On the tree top. B．At home.
C．In the shadow. D．On the branch.
（2）What happened as the boy grew up
A．He came to the tree every day.
B．He no longer played around the tree everyday.
C．He often played around the tree.
D．He came to the tree once a week.
（3）What did the tree give to the boy when he said he needed money to buy toys
A．Branches. B．The tree trunk.
C．Apples. D．Leaves.
（4）Why did the tree give its branches to the boy
A．Because he needed money. B．Because he wanted a boat.
C．Because he needed a house. D．Because he wanted furniture.
（5）Why did the boy come to the tree when he was old
A．To get more apples. B．To get more branches.
C．To get more tree trunk. D．To have a rest.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一棵树陪伴一个男孩的故事。
（1）细节题。根据took a nap in the shadow，可知小男孩在在阴影里午睡，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree every day，可知男孩长大后不再每天围着树玩了，故选B。
（3）推理题。根据 I want toys. I need money to buy them.'' "Sorry, but I don't have money, but you can pick all my apples and sell them 我想要玩具。可没钱买。""非常抱歉，我也没钱……但是你可以摘下我所有的果子卖掉它们 ，可知当男孩说他需要钱买玩具时，树给了他苹果，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据 We need a house for shelter. Can you help me ，you can chop off my branches to build your house，可知树把它的树枝给了男孩，因为他需要一栋房子，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据 I don't need much now, just a place to rest ，可知这个男孩老了还会来到树下，为了休息一下，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
Choose the words or expressions andcomplete the passage. （选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文）
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and theEarth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
Plant flowers, grass, or trees.
Whenever you visit a park or abeach, 33． what you bring there—keep rubbish in a baguntil you can put it in a dustbin.
Turn off the lights, TV sets 34． you leave the room. This saves a lot ofelectricity.
Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth.You can save some water by not letting it run. You should 35． usea glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
Keep the doors and windows 36． in winter to keep warm air in.
Give your old books and 37． toa library instead of throwing them away.
Giveyour old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
Use both sides of paper.
Stop pouring 38． water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
39． all your friends to do the samethings you do to help protect the Earth. You don't have to wait until Earth Dayto do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone protects theenvironment, the world will become much more beautiful.
33．A．take away B．look at C．find out D．ask for
34．A．how B．though C．why D．when
35．A．still B．also C．seldom D．never
36．A．open B．closed C．opened D．close
37．A．chairs B．shelves C．magazines D．pens
38．A．dirty B．fresh C．used D．cold
39．A．Order B．Encourage C．Wish D．Call
【答案】33．A；34．D；35．B；36．B；37．C；38．A；39．B
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要针对如何保护地球和环境提出了几条具体的建议。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
33．句意：每当您参观公园或海滩时，请带走你带来的物品-将垃圾放在袋子中，直到将其放入垃圾箱为止。A带走，B看，C找出，D索要，根据将垃圾放在袋子中，可知是带走，故选A。
34．句意： 当离开房间时关掉灯，关电视。A如何，B尽管，C为什么，D当......的时候，根据离开房间，可知表示时间，故是时间状语从句连词，故选D。
35．句意： 另外，请使用玻璃杯代替纸杯，因为这样可以节省纸张。A仍然，B另外，C很少，D从未，此处还是建议环保的方法，故是另外，故选B。
36．句意： 冬季保持门窗关闭以保持温暖的空气。根据保持温暖的空气，可知是关闭，keep sth+形容词，closed是形容词，关闭的，故选B。
37．句意： 将您的旧书和杂志送到图书馆，而不是把它们扔掉。A椅子，B架子，C杂志，D钢笔，根据图书馆，可知是杂志，故选C。
38．句意： 停止将脏水倒入附近的河流或湖泊中。A脏的，B新鲜的，C二手的，D冷的，这篇短文主要针对如何保护地球和环境提出了几条具体的建议，故是禁止倒脏水，故选A。
39．句意： 鼓励您所有的朋友做与保护地球一样的事情。A命令，B鼓励，C希望，D打电话，根据做与保护地球一样的事情，可知是鼓励大家的做法，故选B。
40．Read the passage and fill in the
blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空限填一词，首字母已给)
Some of the world's biggest l trees are the giant sequoias (红杉）in northern
California in the USA. They are close r of pines. Many giant
sequoias measure more than 60 meters from their roots to their tallest b . The biggest one is an enormous tree
which is 83 metres tall and has a trunk more than 31 metres round. Some giant
sequoias are about 3,000 years old. The trees are c with red bark (树皮) which is up to 60 centimetres thick. This p them from fires, allowing them to live longer.
Since these trees are so huge, some have had holes made in their bases. These
holes are w enough for cars to drive through.
【答案】living；relatives；branches；covered；protects；wide
【知识点】单词拼写；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了世界上最大的树种，巨型红杉。
（1）句意：世界上最大的活着的树种是美国加州北部的巨型红杉。tree是名词，其前是形容词，可知是活着的，living是形容词，故填living。
（2）句意：它们是松树的近亲。根据首字母提示可知是be relatives of，是某人的亲戚，故填relatives。
（3）句意：许多巨大的红杉从根部到最高的树枝有60多米长。形容词性物主代词their后是名词，根据首字母提示和根部，可知是树枝，branch是名词，表示泛指是名词复数，故填branches。
（4）句意：这些树被红树皮覆盖，厚达60厘米。根据助动词are，可知此处谓语动词是被动语态，故此处是过去分词，根据首字母提示和bark，可知树皮覆盖树，cover是动词，故填covered。
（5）句意：这样可以保护它们免于火灾，使它们活得更长。此处缺少谓语动词，描述客观事实是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词是单三式，根据首字母提示可知是protect sb from，保护某人免于，故填protects。
（6）句意：这些洞足够宽，汽车可以开过去。系动词are后是形容词，根据首字母提示和汽车可以开过去可知是足够宽，wide，是形容词，故填wide。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意首字母提示，和上下文推测词意，适当调整词性，和动词形式，名词复数，主谓一致等。
41．Read the passage and answer the
following questions (根据文章内容回答下列问题）
Once a boy wanted to fly. He made a pair of wings. He used some wax (错) to keep the
feathers on the wooden frame. He flew and flew, and flew too close to the Sun. The
Sun melted the wax, and the feathers were blown off by the wind. Down came the
boy into the ocean.
This is just a story. But it tells us that man has always dreamed of
flying. In 1783, this dream came true. Two French brothers invented the hot-air
balloon. It rose a thousand feet high.
It took almost 100 years for man to move from the hot-air balloon to the
first airship. The first airship was invented in the late 1800s. It was a
powered (装有发动 机的) balloon.
In North Carolina, less than twenty-five years later, the Wright
Brothers flew the first airplane. This first flight, in 1903, lasted less than
half a minute! It covered just a few feet.
By the 1960s, man had moved from airplanes to spacecrafts. Today, space crafts
can go around the world in less than two hours. Tomorrow. Who knows
（1）Why did the boy in the story make a pair of wings
（2）When did man succeed in flying to the sky for the first time
（3）Was the first airship a hot-air balloon or a powered balloon
（4）How long did the first flight of the first airplane last
（5）How far did the first airplane fly
（6）What does the writer want to tell us from this passage
【答案】（1）Because he wanted to fly.
（2）In 1783.
（3）It was a powered balloon.
（4）It lasted less than half a minute.
（5）It flew just a few feet.
（6）Man keeps trying to find new and better ways to fly.
【知识点】任务型阅读；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了我们人类一直都有飞行的梦想。
（1）根据He made a pair of wings，可知故事里的男孩做了一对翅膀，因为他想飞，故答案是Because he wanted to fly。
（2）根据In 1783, this dream came true，可知人类第一次成功飞向天空是在1783年，故答案是In 1783。
（3）根据Two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon，可知第一艘飞艇是热气球，故答案是It was a powered balloon。
（4）根据lasted less than half a minute，可知第一架飞机的首次飞行持续了不到半分钟，故答案是It lasted less than half a minute。
（5）根据It covered just a few feet，可知第一架飞机飞了几英尺，故答案是It flew just a few feet。
（6）根据man had moved from airplanes to spacecrafts. Today, space crafts can go around the world in less than two hours.人类已经从飞机变成了宇宙飞船。今天，宇宙飞船可以在不到两个小时内环游世界，可知作者想从这段话中告诉我们，人类一直在努力寻找新的更好的飞行方式，故答案是Man keeps trying to find new and better ways to fly。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
1 / 1上海本地版（五四制）八年级下册初中英语Module 1 Unit 1同步练习
1．Trees are the biggest and oldest living things on the earth. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence
A．/'livig/ B．/'li: vig/
C．/li 'vg/ D．/li: 'vg/
2．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation with others
A．She hardly drinks coffee, because coffee is bad for her stomach.
B．Tommy enjoys playing cards with his friends at the weekend.
C．The escaped prisoner was brought back under armed guard.
D．I can hear him singing in the kitchen.
3．The clean water and fresh air in the countryside keep me_________ and healthy.
A．alive B．lived C．living D．live
4．Trees can protect themselves producing a chemical.
A．by B．from C．with D．in
5．Though we live in different countries, we often______ each other by phone or emails.
A．communication with B．communicate with
C．contact with D．communicate in
6．They are playing chess over there. Let's go and ______them.
A．take part in B．attend C．join D．join in
7．We must try our best to fight _______ pollution.
A．for B．against C．with D．to
8．The seafood his mother cooked tasted so_________ that everyone ate a lot.
A．delicious B．well C．terribly D．badly
9．As we all know, people live without oxygen.
A．shouldn't B．may C．can't D．can
10．Be quiet! My sister_______ for her exam in the next door.
A．prepares B．prepared C．has prepared D．is preparing
11．The water here is not mixed with anything else because it is not polluted by any _______ industrial wastes.
A．polluted B．clean C．pure D．dirty
12．—Shall we go out for a walk
—Sorry, I can't. I_______ my homework.
A．did B．am doing C．do D．have done
13．Don't make so much noise. The students________ a Chinese class.
A．are having B．had C．have D．were having
14．John is from Britain. He_______ English.
A．will speak B．speak C．speaks D．is speaking
15．Students will make great progress if they_______ a subject.
A．are interesting in B．are interesting
C．are interested in D．are interested
16．Everyone_______ except Jack. He is going over his lessons in the sitting room.
A．are sleeping B．is sleeping C．sleeping D．sleep
17．将下列单词或词组填入空格。每词或词组只能填—次
A. experts B. pleasure C. funny D. choose E. possible
Reading for pleasure is the easiest way to become a better reader in
English. It is also the most important way. Some students say they don't want
to read for . They say they want to use their time
to learn the rules of the language and new words. They say that pleasure
reading is too easy.
Many say pleasure reading is very important for
learning English. Dr. Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning languages,
says that pleasure reading helps you learn many important things about English.
Students learn more grammar and more words when they read for pleasure. They
also learn more about good writing. Dr. Krashen tells us that pleasure reading
helps each student to learn something for himself. Pleasure reading makes it for each student to learn what he or she
needs.
Reading for pleasure is not the same as studying. When you read for
pleasure, you your
own books, and you don't have to remember everything. There are no tests on
your pleasure reading books. Pleasure reading will help you：
learn how English speakers use English
read faster in English
find examples of good writing in English
learn new words
learn about the cultures of English speaker
18．The girl from the right in
the picture is my best friend. (five)
19．His uncle is an engineer. What
about (you)
20．The young girl's ambition is to be
a . (science)
21．Do you know that drinking too much
pure water is also to our health. (harm)
22．Some trees give out that
make their leaves taste nasty. (chemistry)
23．That factory plans to fashionable
bags for women. (product)
24．He sipped his wine,
enjoying the wonderful music. (slow)
25．Help to the cakes,
everyone! (yourself)
26．The Grade Eight students are
planting trees over there. (改为一般疑问句）
the Grade Eight Students
trees over there
27．I have already eaten something. (改为否定句）
I haven't eaten .
28．People can take photos there. （对划线部分提问）
can people there
29．Linda always gets up early in
order not to be late for school. (对划线部分提问）
Linda always get up
early
30．We must thank John. He helped our
son with his English （保持句意不变）
We must thank John our
son with his English.
31．cool, trees, clean, and, air, can,
both （连词成句）
32．Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）
A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come
and lay around it every day. He climbed up the tree, ate the apples, took a nap
in the shadow. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him. As time
went by, the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree
every day. One day, the boy came back to the tree and he looked sad. "Come
and play with me," the tree asked the boy. "I am no longer a kid, I
don't play around trees anymore.'' The boy replied, "I want toys. I need
money to buy them.'' "Sorry, but I don't have money, but you can pick all
my apples and sell them. So, you will have money. The boy was very excited. He
grabbed all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy never came back
after he picked the apples. The tree was sad.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so excited. "Come and
play with me, the tree said. I don't have time to play. I have to work for my
family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me " "Sorry, but I
don't have a house. But you can chop off my branches to build your house."
So the boy cut all the branches off the tree and left happily. The tree
was glad to see him happy but the boy never came back since then. The tree was
again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. "Come
and play with me!" the tree said. "I am sad and getting old. I want
to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat " "Use my trunk
to build your boat. You can sail far away and be happy." So the boy cut
the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and never showed up for a long
time. Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. "Sorry, my
boy, but I don't have anything for you anymore. No more apples for you, the tree
said. "I don't have teeth to bite" the boy replied. "No more
trunk for you to climb on …," "I am too old for that now." the
boy said. "I really can give you anything ... the only thing left is my
dying root, the tree said with tears.
"I don't need much now, just
a place to rest. I am tired after all these years." The boy replied. "Good!
Old tree root is the best place to lean on and e, come to sit down.
（1）Where did the little boy take a nap
A．On the tree top. B．At home.
C．In the shadow. D．On the branch.
（2）What happened as the boy grew up
A．He came to the tree every day.
B．He no longer played around the tree everyday.
C．He often played around the tree.
D．He came to the tree once a week.
（3）What did the tree give to the boy when he said he needed money to buy toys
A．Branches. B．The tree trunk.
C．Apples. D．Leaves.
（4）Why did the tree give its branches to the boy
A．Because he needed money. B．Because he wanted a boat.
C．Because he needed a house. D．Because he wanted furniture.
（5）Why did the boy come to the tree when he was old
A．To get more apples. B．To get more branches.
C．To get more tree trunk. D．To have a rest.
Choose the words or expressions andcomplete the passage. （选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文）
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and theEarth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
Plant flowers, grass, or trees.
Whenever you visit a park or abeach, 33． what you bring there—keep rubbish in a baguntil you can put it in a dustbin.
Turn off the lights, TV sets 34． you leave the room. This saves a lot ofelectricity.
Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth.You can save some water by not letting it run. You should 35． usea glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
Keep the doors and windows 36． in winter to keep warm air in.
Give your old books and 37． toa library instead of throwing them away.
Giveyour old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
Use both sides of paper.
Stop pouring 38． water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
39． all your friends to do the samethings you do to help protect the Earth. You don't have to wait until Earth Dayto do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone protects theenvironment, the world will become much more beautiful.
33．A．take away B．look at C．find out D．ask for
34．A．how B．though C．why D．when
35．A．still B．also C．seldom D．never
36．A．open B．closed C．opened D．close
37．A．chairs B．shelves C．magazines D．pens
38．A．dirty B．fresh C．used D．cold
39．A．Order B．Encourage C．Wish D．Call
40．Read the passage and fill in the
blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空限填一词，首字母已给)
Some of the world's biggest l trees are the giant sequoias (红杉）in northern
California in the USA. They are close r of pines. Many giant
sequoias measure more than 60 meters from their roots to their tallest b . The biggest one is an enormous tree
which is 83 metres tall and has a trunk more than 31 metres round. Some giant
sequoias are about 3,000 years old. The trees are c with red bark (树皮) which is up to 60 centimetres thick. This p them from fires, allowing them to live longer.
Since these trees are so huge, some have had holes made in their bases. These
holes are w enough for cars to drive through.
41．Read the passage and answer the
following questions (根据文章内容回答下列问题）
Once a boy wanted to fly. He made a pair of wings. He used some wax (错) to keep the
feathers on the wooden frame. He flew and flew, and flew too close to the Sun. The
Sun melted the wax, and the feathers were blown off by the wind. Down came the
boy into the ocean.
This is just a story. But it tells us that man has always dreamed of
flying. In 1783, this dream came true. Two French brothers invented the hot-air
balloon. It rose a thousand feet high.
It took almost 100 years for man to move from the hot-air balloon to the
first airship. The first airship was invented in the late 1800s. It was a
powered (装有发动 机的) balloon.
In North Carolina, less than twenty-five years later, the Wright
Brothers flew the first airplane. This first flight, in 1903, lasted less than
half a minute! It covered just a few feet.
By the 1960s, man had moved from airplanes to spacecrafts. Today, space crafts
can go around the world in less than two hours. Tomorrow. Who knows
（1）Why did the boy in the story make a pair of wings
（2）When did man succeed in flying to the sky for the first time
（3）Was the first airship a hot-air balloon or a powered balloon
（4）How long did the first flight of the first airplane last
（5）How far did the first airplane fly
（6）What does the writer want to tell us from this passage
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】语音
【解析】【分析】句意： 树木是地球上最大最古老的生物。以下哪一项对句子中带下划线的单词是正确的？living的发音是/'livig/，故选A。
【点评】考查语音，注意识记living的发音是/'livig/。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】其他字母组合读音
【解析】【分析】句意：下面划线部分哪一个和其他的发音不一样？句子意思：A、 她几乎不喝咖啡，因为咖啡对她的胃不好。B、 汤米喜欢在周末和朋友们打牌。C、 逃犯在武装看守下被带回来。D、 我能听到他在厨房里唱歌。hardly（几乎不，很少）；音标：/ hɑ dl /；cards（纸牌）；音标：/kɑ dz/；guard（警卫，看守）；音标：/ɡɑ rd/；hear（听见）；音标：/h r/；由音标可知"hardly"、"cards"、"guard" 中的 "a" 发音为 /ɑ /，而 "hear" 中的 "a" 发音为 / /。所以，划线字母 "r" 的发音与其他字母 "a" 的发音不同。 故选D。
【点评】考查语音，注意识记的用法。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：乡下干净的水和新鲜的空气使我愉快健康。A愉快活波的，B居住，C活着的，D生命，根据healthy，可知是身心愉悦的，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记alive的用法。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】简单介词；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：树木可以通过产生化学物质来保护自己。A靠着，B来自，C有，D在里面，根据产生化学物质来保护自己，可知是方式，故是by，故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析，注意识记by的用法。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然我们住在不同的国家，但我们经常通过电话或电子邮件互相沟通。此处缺少谓语动词，communicate是动词，根据通过电话或电子邮件，可知是communicate with sb，与某人交流，故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语，注意识记communicate with sb的用法。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正在那边下棋。让我们去把和他们一起玩。A参加，宾语是活动，B出席，宾语是会议，典礼等，C加入，宾语是人，D参加，宾语是组织，根据them可知宾语是人，故是join，故选C。
【点评】考查动词，注意识记join的用法。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须尽最大努力对抗污染。A为了，B对抗，C有，D到，根据尽最大努力，可知是对抗污染，故选B。
【点评】考查介词，注意识记fight against的用法。
8．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：他妈妈做的海鲜味道很好，每个人都吃了很多。taste是系动词，其后是形容词，delicious是形容词，其他的是副词，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记delicious的用法。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：众所周知，人没有氧气不能活。A不应该，B可能，C不能，D能，根据人没有氧气，可知不能活，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词，注意识记can't的用法。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：安静！我妹妹在隔壁准备考试。be quiet祈使句是现在进行时标志，故是be doing的形式，故选D。
【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在进行时的用法。
11．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这里的水没有和其他任何东西混合，因为它没有被任何脏的工业废物污染。A污染的，B干净的，C纯净的，D脏的，根据工业废物，可知是脏的，故选D。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记pure的用法。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们出去散步好吗？——对不起，不行，我在写作业。根据对不起，不行，可知我在写作业，是现在进行时，be doing的形式表示此时此刻的状态，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，注意现在进行时的用法。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：别吵了。学生们正在上语文班。 Don't make so much noise祈使句是现在进行时标志，故是be doing的形式，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，注意现在进行时的用法。
14．【答案】C
【知识点】表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：约翰来自英国。他说英语。此处缺少谓语动词，描述客观事实是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词是单三式，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，注意主谓一致的用法。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】简单介词；一般现在时代替一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果学生对一门学科感兴趣，他们会取得很大的进步。be interested in，固定搭配，对某事感兴趣，故选C。
【点评】考查短语，注意识记be interested in的用法。
16．【答案】B
【知识点】主谓一致；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：除了杰克，每个人都在睡觉，他正在客厅复习功课。根据He is going over，可知是时态现在进行时，主语是第三人称单数，故be是is，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，注意现在进行时和主谓一致的用法。
17．【答案】B；A；E；D
【知识点】选词填空；教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍快乐阅读是成为更好的英语读者的最简单的方法。
A. experts，专家，B. pleasure，高兴的事，C. funny，有趣的，D. choose，选择，E. possible，可能看
（1）句意： 一些学生说他们不想为了开心而读书。根据提示词和快乐阅读，可知是快乐，故选B。
（2）句意： 许多专家说愉快的阅读对学习英语非常重要。根据提示词和 a famous expert，可知是许多专家，故选A。
（3）句意：快乐阅读使每个学生都能学到他或她需要的东西。make it+形容词+for sb to do，是固定搭配，根据提示词和学到他或她需要的东西，可知是可能的，故选E。
（4）句意： 当你为了快乐而阅读时，你选择自己的书，你不必记住所有的东西。此处缺少谓语动词，根据提示词可知是选择，故选D。
【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据提示词和上下文的关系，推测词意，词性，时态和比较等级的变化，同时熟记固定搭配。
18．【答案】fifth
【知识点】语法填空；序数词
【解析】【分析】句意：照片右边的第五个女孩是我最好的朋友。the修饰序数词，five是基数词，fifth是序数词，故填fifth。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记序数词fifth的用法。
19．【答案】yours
【知识点】语法填空；名词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：他的叔叔是一名工程师，你的呢？根据his uncle，可知about后缺少名词性物主代词做宾语，you是形容词性物主代词，你的，yours是名词性物主代词，故填yours。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记yours，名词性物主代词做宾语的用法。
20．【答案】scientist
【知识点】语法填空；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 这个年轻女孩的志向是成为一名优秀的科学家。不定冠词a修饰名词单数，science是名词，科学，scientist是名词，科学家，故填scientist。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记scientist的用法。
21．【答案】harmful
【知识点】语法填空；形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道吗，喝太多纯净水也对我们的健康有害。系动词is后是形容词，be harmful to sb，对某人有害，故填harmful。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记be harmful to sb的用法。
22．【答案】chemicals
【知识点】语法填空；规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：有些树散发出一种化学物质使树叶变得难闻的气味。give out后缺少名词作宾语，根据树叶变得难闻的气味，可知是化学物质，chemistry是名词，化学，chemical是名词，化学物质，表示泛指是名词复数，故填chemicals。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记chemical和名词复数的用法。
23．【答案】produce
【知识点】语法填空；动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意： 那家工厂计划生产女式时装包。plan to do，计划做某事，故此处是动词原形，product是名词，产品，produce是动词，生产，故填produce。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记produce的用法。
24．【答案】slowly
【知识点】语法填空；其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：他端慢慢地起酒，享受着美妙的音乐。副词修饰动词，slow是形容词，慢的，slowly是副词，慢慢地，故填slowly。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意副词修饰动词的用法。
25．【答案】yourselves
【知识点】语法填空；反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意： 各位请随便来吃蛋糕吧！help oneself to，自便，故此处是不定代词，根据everyone可知，此处的不定代词是大家，指代复数，故是yourselves，你们自己，故填yourselves。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意识记help oneself to和yourselves的用法。
26．【答案】Are；planting
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意： 八年级的学生正在那边植树妈？根据are planting可知，一般疑问句系动词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Are，planting。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记一般疑问句的用法。
27．【答案】anything；yet
【知识点】不定代词；其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：我没吃过任何东西。否定句用anything表示任何，yet用于否定句句尾，already用于肯定句，故填anything yet。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意否定句，识记anything，yet的用法。
28．【答案】What；do
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：人们可以在那里做什么？划线部分是take photos，故提问谓语是what do，做什么，故填What ，do。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记what的用法。
29．【答案】Why；does
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意： 琳达总是为什么早起？划线部分是 in order not to be late for school，故提问原因是why，根据gets，可知谓语动词是单三式，故助动词是does，故填Why does。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记why的用法。
30．【答案】for；helping
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须为了John帮助我们的儿子学习英语感谢他。thank sb for doing sth，因为某事而感谢某人，固定搭配，故填for helping。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意识记thank sb for doing sth的用法。
31．【答案】Trees can both clean and cool air.
【知识点】连词成句
【解析】【分析】句意：树木既能净化空气，又能冷却空气。这是主谓宾结构的句子，主语是trees，树，情态动词can+动词原形是谓语， both...and...，固定搭配，clean，cool是并列谓语，净化冷却，air是宾语，空气，故填Trees can both clean and cool air。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意主谓宾结构的句子的用法。
32．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一棵树陪伴一个男孩的故事。
（1）细节题。根据took a nap in the shadow，可知小男孩在在阴影里午睡，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree every day，可知男孩长大后不再每天围着树玩了，故选B。
（3）推理题。根据 I want toys. I need money to buy them.'' "Sorry, but I don't have money, but you can pick all my apples and sell them 我想要玩具。可没钱买。""非常抱歉，我也没钱……但是你可以摘下我所有的果子卖掉它们 ，可知当男孩说他需要钱买玩具时，树给了他苹果，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据 We need a house for shelter. Can you help me ，you can chop off my branches to build your house，可知树把它的树枝给了男孩，因为他需要一栋房子，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据 I don't need much now, just a place to rest ，可知这个男孩老了还会来到树下，为了休息一下，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
【答案】33．A；34．D；35．B；36．B；37．C；38．A；39．B
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要针对如何保护地球和环境提出了几条具体的建议。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
33．句意：每当您参观公园或海滩时，请带走你带来的物品-将垃圾放在袋子中，直到将其放入垃圾箱为止。A带走，B看，C找出，D索要，根据将垃圾放在袋子中，可知是带走，故选A。
34．句意： 当离开房间时关掉灯，关电视。A如何，B尽管，C为什么，D当......的时候，根据离开房间，可知表示时间，故是时间状语从句连词，故选D。
35．句意： 另外，请使用玻璃杯代替纸杯，因为这样可以节省纸张。A仍然，B另外，C很少，D从未，此处还是建议环保的方法，故是另外，故选B。
36．句意： 冬季保持门窗关闭以保持温暖的空气。根据保持温暖的空气，可知是关闭，keep sth+形容词，closed是形容词，关闭的，故选B。
37．句意： 将您的旧书和杂志送到图书馆，而不是把它们扔掉。A椅子，B架子，C杂志，D钢笔，根据图书馆，可知是杂志，故选C。
38．句意： 停止将脏水倒入附近的河流或湖泊中。A脏的，B新鲜的，C二手的，D冷的，这篇短文主要针对如何保护地球和环境提出了几条具体的建议，故是禁止倒脏水，故选A。
39．句意： 鼓励您所有的朋友做与保护地球一样的事情。A命令，B鼓励，C希望，D打电话，根据做与保护地球一样的事情，可知是鼓励大家的做法，故选B。
40．【答案】living；relatives；branches；covered；protects；wide
【知识点】单词拼写；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了世界上最大的树种，巨型红杉。
（1）句意：世界上最大的活着的树种是美国加州北部的巨型红杉。tree是名词，其前是形容词，可知是活着的，living是形容词，故填living。
（2）句意：它们是松树的近亲。根据首字母提示可知是be relatives of，是某人的亲戚，故填relatives。
（3）句意：许多巨大的红杉从根部到最高的树枝有60多米长。形容词性物主代词their后是名词，根据首字母提示和根部，可知是树枝，branch是名词，表示泛指是名词复数，故填branches。
（4）句意：这些树被红树皮覆盖，厚达60厘米。根据助动词are，可知此处谓语动词是被动语态，故此处是过去分词，根据首字母提示和bark，可知树皮覆盖树，cover是动词，故填covered。
（5）句意：这样可以保护它们免于火灾，使它们活得更长。此处缺少谓语动词，描述客观事实是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词是单三式，根据首字母提示可知是protect sb from，保护某人免于，故填protects。
（6）句意：这些洞足够宽，汽车可以开过去。系动词are后是形容词，根据首字母提示和汽车可以开过去可知是足够宽，wide，是形容词，故填wide。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意首字母提示，和上下文推测词意，适当调整词性，和动词形式，名词复数，主谓一致等。
41．【答案】（1）Because he wanted to fly.
（2）In 1783.
（3）It was a powered balloon.
（4）It lasted less than half a minute.
（5）It flew just a few feet.
（6）Man keeps trying to find new and better ways to fly.
【知识点】任务型阅读；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了我们人类一直都有飞行的梦想。
（1）根据He made a pair of wings，可知故事里的男孩做了一对翅膀，因为他想飞，故答案是Because he wanted to fly。
（2）根据In 1783, this dream came true，可知人类第一次成功飞向天空是在1783年，故答案是In 1783。
（3）根据Two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon，可知第一艘飞艇是热气球，故答案是It was a powered balloon。
（4）根据lasted less than half a minute，可知第一架飞机的首次飞行持续了不到半分钟，故答案是It lasted less than half a minute。
（5）根据It covered just a few feet，可知第一架飞机飞了几英尺，故答案是It flew just a few feet。
（6）根据man had moved from airplanes to spacecrafts. Today, space crafts can go around the world in less than two hours.人类已经从飞机变成了宇宙飞船。今天，宇宙飞船可以在不到两个小时内环游世界，可知作者想从这段话中告诉我们，人类一直在努力寻找新的更好的飞行方式，故答案是Man keeps trying to find new and better ways to fly。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
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