新课标 Unit 1 Know youself Grammar 课件（牛津译林版九年级英语上册）

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译林版·九年级上册
Unit 1 Know yourself
Grammar
学 习 目 标
1.学习本课节新单词及短语：impatient, think twice(about sth.),
do the dishes；
2.掌握连词and, or, but, so, both…and…, not only… but also…,
either…or…和neither…nor…的用法；
3.学会用连词来表达思想，培养写作能力；
4.通过学习，培养良好的个人品质。
1. My father is organized and patient.
2. He wants to share the best art with
people so he is searching for
something different or better.
3. I study hard every day but I still
cannot get high marks in exams.
Presentation
连 词 (Conjunction)
一、连词定义: 用来连接词、短语或句子的词。
e.g. I study English and Chinese.
Does he work at school or in the hospital
I get up early, but my brother gets up late.
连词是一种虚词，在句子中不能单独使用。
二、连词分类：
并列连词
从属连词
连词：and, but, or, so, (for)
连词词组: either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, both…and, (as well as)
that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, so…that, though/ although, even if, as…as 等
We use conjunctions like and, but, or and so to join ideas together.
Grammar A
I am active and energetic. I love working with people.
I am active and energetic, and I love working with people.
Conclusion: We use and to join ideas that are similar.
我们用并列连词and连接两个意思相近的概念，and在这里是“又，和”的意思，表达并列关系。
He does not like to talk much. His work shouts!
He does not like to talk much, but his
work shouts!
Conclusion: We use but to join ideas that are different.
我们用but连接两个意思相反的概念，but在这里是“但是”的意思，表达转折关系。
I can be a good teacher. I can be a good doctor.
I can be a good teacher or a good doctor.
Conclusion: We use or to introduce another possibility.
我们用or去引出另一种可能性，or在这里是“或者”的意思，表达选择关系。
In negative sentences, we use or to join two or more ideas. 在否定句中，我们用or连接两个或两个以上的概念。
He does not like singing. He does not like dancing.
He does not like singing or dancing.
I want to share the best art with people.
I am always searching for something better
or different.
I want to share the best art with people, so I am always searching for something better or different.
Conclusion: We use so to express the result of something.
我们用so去表达某件事的结果，so在这里是“因此，所以”的意思，表达因果关系。
When we join ideas together, how should we use these conjunctions
and
join different ideas
introduce another possibility
join two or more ideas
join similar ideas
express the results of something
but
or
so
Summary
both
Both可作形容词、代词或副词用，意思是“两个”、“双方”、“两个都”。在句中可作主语、宾语或同位语。
如：Both are right.(主语)
I like both.(宾语)
Both pencils are mine.(同位语）
中考链接
一、Both和both of后都可接复数名词，构成名词词组。
Both后的名词前可有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定，也可没有；both of后的名词前却一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定。
　
　　
　both(the these，her) children
both of the(these，her)children；
both of children。
√
×
Both of后可接人称代词宾格，both后则不可；但人称代词宾格后可接both。
both of us(you，them)
both us(you，them)
us(you，them)both
√
√
×
二、Both与动词连用时，大多数放在系动词be之后，其它动词之前。
　　
His parents workers.
　　 They reading.
　　
若句中谓语动词包含情态动词或助动词时，both大多放在第一个情态动词或助动词之后。
　　
The bridges be built this year.
　　
　　 kate and Mary gone to England.
are both
both enjoy
must both
have both
三、Both可与and构成并列连词，连接两个性质相同并在句中作相同成分的并行结构。
　 Both he and his brother are good at English.　　(连接两个主语)
　　
She can both dance and sing.　　(连接两个谓语动词)
　(连接两个表语)
Mary is both kind and beautiful.
她能歌善舞。
玛丽既友善又漂亮。
　四、含both的句子变为否定时，是将both改为neither。
　
Both of the boys are clever.
Both of the boys are not clever.
Neither of the boys are clever.
两个男孩都聪明。
两个男孩都不聪明。
并不是两个男孩都聪明(一个聪明一个愚笨)。
不完全否定
含both…and…的句子变为否定句时，将both…and…改为neither…nor..，连接的两个部分若是名词，可以是单数，也可以是复数。
I know both the man and the woman.
　　　　　　　　
Both beats and birds would have the bat as their friend.
I know neither the man nor the woman.
Neither beats nor birds would have the bat as their friend.
小小诊所：
so前面的句子都是肯定句。若前面的句子是否定句,那就不能用so引导这个句子了,而应该用“Neither/Nor + be 动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”
(某人也不）
① “He is a Chinese.” “ So am I.”
② “Tom can dance.” “ So can Mary.”
③ “Mother will go to Beijing.” “So will I.”
④ I have been to America. So has Li Lei.
⑤ She likes English. So do they.
⑥ Lily played basket yesterday. So did Lucy.
“so + be 动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”（某人也是）
表示前一句中主语的肯定情况也适用于后者，在时态上应和前一句保持一致，但两句的主语应是不同的两人。例如：.
“Neither/Nor + be 动词/情态动词/助动词+主语” (某人也不）
表示前一句中主语的否定情况也适用于后者，前后两句的主语是不同的。
① “ He isn’t a Chinese.” “ Neither am I.”
②“Tom can’t dance.” “Neither can Mary.”
③“Mother won’t go to Beijing.” “Neither will I.”
④ I haven’t been to America. Neither has Li Lei.
⑤She doesn’t like English. Neither do they.
⑥ --- Lily didn’t play basketball yesterday.
--- Neither did Lucy.
⑦ “I don’t like playing with that girl.”
“Neither does he.”
“so +主语+ be 动词/情态动词/助动词”
( 的确如此）两句中的主语是同一人
① ---It’s a bad day today.
---So it is.
② ---John studies English well.
---So he does.
Millie wants to write about her classmates. Help her join her ideas with and, but, or or so.
1 Kitty is kind. Sometimes she is impatient.
___________________________________
2 Billy would not accept other’s advice. Billy would not think twice.
___________________________________
____________________________________
Kitty is kind, but sometimes she is impatient.
Billy would not accept other’s advice or think twice.
adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的
三思而行
3. Judy is gentle. Judy never gets angry with others.
___________________________________
___________________________________
4. Suzy worries too much. She cannot sleep
well sometimes.
____________________________________
___________________________________
Judy is gentle, and she never gets angry with others.
Suzy worries too much, so she cannot sleep well sometimes.
I. 用and , but, or或so填空
1. We went there by bus _______ we got there on time.
2. Would you like some apples_______bananas
3. I want to go travelling , _______ I haven't got enough
money .
4. You can find some news _____interesting stories on
the Internet.
5. He is only a child, ______ he knows a lot.
and
or
but
and
but
语法当堂训练
6. Which is better , Class 1 ______ Class 2
7. She is too heavy, ____ she has to do more exercise.
8. Peter_____ James is going to give us a talk about
English tomorrow.
9. I help him ______he helps me.
10. Tom was hungry, ____ his mother made him a
sandwich.
or
so
or
and
so
II. 用and ,but ,or或so改写句子
1. It is sunny. Our city looks more beautiful.
2. He invited me to the meeting. I am very busy so
I can't go.
It is sunny, and our city looks more beautiful.
He invited me to the meeting, but I am very busy so I can’t go.
3. On Sunday you can go horse riding . You can listen to pop music at home.
4. The little boy is very young. He knows few things.
On Sunday you can go horse riding or listen to pop music at home.
The little boy is very young, so he knows few things.
1. I dislike not only coffee but also Cola.
2. I like neither maths nor English.
3. You either take the lead or fall behind.
4. Both Sandy and Millie have been to
Hong Kong.
Presentation
We use conjunctions like both...and..., not only...but (also)..., either...or..., and neither...nor... to connect the same part of two sentences to avoid repetition.
我们用连词both…and…, not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor连接两个句子的相同部分以避免重复。
Kitty has known something about the four people.
I have known something about the four people.
Both Kitty and I have known something
about the four people.
both...and... “……和……都，既……又……”。当both…and…连接两个成分在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
not only...but also... “不但……而且……；不仅……还有……”。当not only…but also…连接两个名词作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
e.g. The parents like watching football
matches.
The three-year-old child likes
watching football matches.
Not only the parents but also the
three-year-old child likes watching
football matches.
either...or... “要么……要么……；或者……或者……；不是……就是……”，用于连接两个表示选择关系的词。当either…or…连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
e.g. I am going there tomorrow.
You are going there tomorrow.
Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
neither…nor… “既不……也不……”，具有否定含义。当neither…or…连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
e.g. Billy has not finished his homework.
Daniel has not finished his homework.
Neither Billy nor Daniel has finished
his homework.
Either...or...
Neither...nor...
Not only...but also...
Both ... and ...
【总结】
就近原则
谓语动词用复数
关于谓语动词：
Amy is writing about what her family does at the weekend. Help her complete the sentences with the correct conjunctions. (P14)
B1
1. _______ my dad ____ my mum goes to work at the
weekend. We visit my grandparents on Saturdays.
2. ______ my mum _____ my grandma are good at
cooking. They cook lunch for us.
Neither nor
Both and
3. ______________ my mum ___________ my dad
does the dishes after lunch. I also help with it.
4. In the afternoon, my grandpa and my dad
____________ play chess ___________ chat with
each other.
5. My mum ______________ helps clean the rooms
for my grandparents ___________ does some
shopping for them.
Either/Not only or/but (also)
either/not only or/but (also)
not only/either
but (also)/or
Amy：I've learnt about jobs and personalities recently.
Suzy：Really What jobs do you think our classmates can do in
the future
Amy：I think Millie would make an excellent teacher. She's (1)
_______willing to work with children _________patient
with them.
Suzy：What about Simon
Amy：He's active and good at playing football. I think he can be
(2) ________a PE teacher _______a football player.
not only
but also
either
or
B2 Amy and Suzy are talking about what jobs their classmates can do
in the plete their conversation with the correct conjunctions
and the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Suzy: Do you think David and Lisa can be artists
Amy: They're very organized, but artists should be creative.
(3) ________David's ____ Lisa's personality(4)______(be)
suitable for being an artist, I'm afraid.
Suzy: Who can be a manager
Amy: (5) _________Billy _________ Paul (6) ______(be) very
confident and energetic. I think they can be managers.
Suzy: How can I learn about jobs and personalities
Amy : You can read about them (7) ______from some books
_______on the Internet.
Neither
nor
is
are
or
either
Both
and
Summary
我们用并列连词and、but、or和so来连接单词、短语或句子。他们分别表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系或因果关系。
e.g. The boy is not very tall but he runs very
fast.
I like playing football and running.
Is your friend a boy or a girl
She is ill so she can’t go to school today.
注意：并列连词so和从属连词because不能一起使用。
用于连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等用both...and...、not only...but also...、either...or...、neither...nor...。
e.g. Both New York and London have traffic
problems.
Not only Mr Zhang but also his son is an
engineer.
Either Ming or Dan is going to the USA on
business next month.
Neither Ming nor Dan is going to the UK
on business next month.
( ) 1.--- I used to go out for a walk after supper. --- ____.
A.So do I B. So did I C. Neither did I D.So I did
( ) 2. ---She has a nice watch. ---___.
A.So has she B. So she has C.So does she D.So she does
( )3.---Mary wasn’t invited yesterday. ---___.
A.So was I B. Neither was I C.So did I D. Neither did I
( )4.---Ann has made great progress recently. ---___ and___.
A. So has she;so have you B. So has she;so you have
C. So she has;so you have D. So she has;so have you
B
D
B
D
当堂训练
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
Neither John nor Mary _____at home yesterday. (be)
Both Peter and Mike often ______(watch) football match
but neither of them plays football very well.
3. Either you or I ____ going to cook supper tonight. (be)
4. Either my father or my mother ______ (cook) dinner.
Both my brother and I _____them on weekends. (help)
was
watch
am
cooks
help
根据句意选择适当的连词完成句子。
1. The man was so tired, ____ he still
went on working.
2. － Tell us something about Canada,
OK
－ I’m sorry. _______ Jack ____ I have
ever been there.
3. — What do you think of this skirt
— It’s beautiful and it fits we well, ___
I like it very much.
but
Neither nor
so
4. I bought my son a birthday present,
____ he liked it very much.
5. He has a lot of money, ____ he isn’t
happy.
6. Stop smoking, ____ you will get better
soon.
7. --- _______ Mary ____ Alice has joined
the music club because they have no
time.
--- It’s a pity !
and
but
and
Neither nor
8. Mr. Smith comes from Australia, ___
he has worked in China for 5 years.
___ you can talk with him ______ in
English ___ in Chinese.
9. — What do you like doing after class
— I like not only reading ________
painting.
10. Sam is a waiter, ____ he really wants
to be a singer.
but
So
either
or
but also
but
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当连词。
I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black _____ dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, _____ I asked a porter (搬运工). I _________ spoke English very carefully, ____ very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times ____ at last he understood. He answered me,
and
so
not only
but
and
___ he spoke _______ slowly ____ clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, ___ I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter ____ I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something ____ I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, ____ I don't understand them! Do they speak English
but
neither
nor
but
and
and
but
Interview two of you classmates about their personalities and future jobs;
2. Write a short report about the interview. Try nnto use conjunctions.
Homework
谢谢
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