2024届新高三开学联考
英语试题
本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The four best specialty food festivals in the US
Maine Lobster Festival — Rockland, Maine
Rockland is the self-proclaimed (自封的) lobster capital of the world, and its annual Maine Lobster Festival provides the state’s favorite lobsters and crabs. It takes place five days each summer and includes feasting on fresh seafood, a parade and live music. The Maine Sea Goddess Coronation and the Great International Great Crate Race, where contestants jump from crate (木箱) to crate and risk falling into the cold Atlantic Ocean, are don’t-miss events.
Windy City Smokeout — Chicago, Illinois
This four-day event in Chicago combines two things we love: live music and great BBQ. Over 20 of the world’s best cooks serve up their smoked foods, while top country music talent takes the stage. Bands, beer, BBQ — what could be better
Picklesburgh — Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Picklesburgh bills itself as “The Destination for All Things Pickled (腌制的)” for one weekend each July. Pittsburgh’s Roberto Clemente Bridge transforms into Picklesburgh, complete with a giant flying Heinz pickle balloon. Attendees can expect various foods and cocktails that feature pickled ingredients, as well as live demos and pickled goods.
Vermont Cheesemakers Festival — Greensboro, Vermont
Arguably the country’s top cheese state, Vermont plays host to the Annual Vermont Cheesemakers Festival each summer at Highland Center for the Arts. This single-day event offers an unequalled chance to meet the state’s best cheesemakers and taste their world-class products, alongside other local foods, craft beer, wine and spirits.
1. Which festival will appeal to adventure lovers
A. Maine Lobster Festival.
B. Windy City Smokeout.
C Picklesburgh.
D. Vermont Cheesemakers Festival.
2. What can you enjoy at Windy City Smokeout
A. Fresh seafood. B. Smoked foods.
C. World-class cheese. D. Pickled foods.
3. How long does the Vermont Cheesemakers Festival last
A. Five days. B. Four days. C. Two days. D. One day.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国4个最好的特色美食节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Maine Lobster Festival — Rockland, Maine部分的内容“The Maine Sea Goddess Coronation and the Great International Great Crate Race, where contestants jump from crate (木箱) to crate and risk falling into the cold Atlantic Ocean, are don’t-miss events.(缅因州海女神加冕赛和国际大木箱赛是不容错过的活动，参赛者在箱子之间跳来跳去，冒着掉进冰冷的大西洋的风险。)”可知，缅因州龙虾节会吸引冒险爱好者。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Windy City Smokeout — Chicago, Illinois部分的内容“Over 20 of the world’s best cooks serve up their smoked foods, while top country music talent takes the stage.(超过20位世界上最好的厨师提供他们的烟熏食物，同时顶级乡村音乐人才登台表演。)”可知，在“风城烧烤节”你能享受到烟熏食品。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Vermont Cheesemakers Festival — Greensboro, Vermont部分的内容“This single-day event offers an unequalled chance to meet the state’s best cheesemakers and taste their world-class products, alongside other local foods, craft beer, wine and spirits.(这个为期一天的活动提供了一个无与伦比的机会，可以与该州最好的奶酪制造商见面，品尝他们的世界级产品，以及其他当地食品，精酿啤酒，葡萄酒和烈酒。)”可知，佛蒙特奶酪制作节持续一天的时间。故选D。
B
As the lyrics to Taylor Swift’s hit song “Bad Blood” go: “Cause, baby, now we got bad blood. You know it used to be mad love.” It’s a song about falling out of friendship, but to 14-year-old Hallie Barnard, who was born with a rare blood disorder, the song holds a much deeper meaning.
At just 15 months old, Barnard was diagnosed (诊断) with Diamon Blackfin Anemia, or DBA, and she spent most of her life in and out of the hospital. The Swiftie said she relied on the singer to bring her joy.
The only way to survive DBA is with a bone marrow transplant (骨髓移植) and Barnard was desperate for one. But she knew thousands of other patients are, too. So, a few years ago, she decided to do something about it, creating her own foundation: Hallie’s Heroes. “It started selfishly as just trying to save my life, but then we realized there were so many other children out there that needed a bone marrow transplant,” she said. “So, so far we’ve tested 8,000 people and found over 300 matches.”
After a 9-year wait, Barnard got her own match — through her own foundation. But more obstacles stood between her and normal life as a kid. The blood disorder led to a cancer diagnosis: osteosarcoma. She received surgery to cut the cancer out of her leg at MD Anderson in Houston.
The recovery was difficult, but Hallie said she stayed hopeful. “My survival instinct (本能) just kicked in. I was trying to do anything that I could to survive. So, of course, it was scary but in my mind, I was just thinking that I wanted to be at my sister’s future weddings. I wanted to play games and run again,” she said.
Her survival instinct — combined with Taylor Swift-helped her through her operation, where doctors cut her cancer out, and reattached her foot and ankle to her upper leg to work as a knee.
4. Why does the author mention Taylor Swift’s song “Bad Blood”
A. To stress the power of music.
B. To introduce the topic of the text.
C. To show Taylor Swift’s popularity.
D. To state Taylor Swift’s song is a hit.
5. What is Hallie Barnard’s original motivation for creating Hallie’s Heroes
A. To raise money for her heroes.
B. To treat her rare blood disorder.
C. To help other children with DBA.
D. To have an operation for her cancer
6. Which of the following can best describe Hallie Barnard
A. Strong-minded and selfish. B. Hard-working and patient.
C. Kind and optimistic. D. Outgoing and helpful.
7. What’s the best title for the text
A. Bad Blood Inspired a Little Girl
B. Hallie’s Heroes:a Useful Foundation
C. Taylor Swift: a Popular Singer with Teens
D. A Cancer Survivor Helped Others Find Matches
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了罕见血液病患者Hallie Barnard创建Hallie’s Heroes帮助自己和其他患者的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s a song about falling out of friendship, but to 14-year-old Hallie Barnard, who was born with a rare blood disorder, the song holds a much deeper meaning.(这是一首关于友谊破裂的歌，但对14岁的海莉·巴纳德来说，这首歌有着更深的含义，她出生时患有一种罕见的血液疾病。)”及下文的故事可知，作者引用Taylor Swift的歌词是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““It started selfishly as just trying to save my life, but then we realized there were so many other children out there that needed a bone marrow transplant,” she said.(她说：“一开始我只是自私地想要救我的命，但后来我们意识到还有很多其他的孩子需要骨髓移植。”)”可知，Hallie创建Hallie’s Heroes起初的动机是治疗自己的罕见的血液病。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The recovery was difficult, but Hallie said she stayed hopeful. (康复是困难的，但Hallie说她仍然抱有希望。)”可知，Bernard非常乐观；再根据Barnard创建Hallie’s Heroes为他人治病可知，Barnard心地善良。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了罕见血液病患者Hallie Barnard创建Hallie’s Heroes帮助自己和其他患者的故事，D项“A Cancer Survivor Helped Others Find Matches (一位癌症幸存者帮助其他人找到匹配者)”最适合作为文章的标题。故选D。
C
Answers may only feel like they’re on the tip of your tongue. Sometimes you know there’s just the right word for something, but your brain can’t find it. That depressing feeling is called the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state — and for decades psychologists assumed it was caused by a partial recollection of the answer. But new research suggests this experience may be largely an illusion (错觉). Being sure you know something doesn’t mean you actually do.
In a series of experiments, college students attempted to answer 80 general knowledge questions with one-word answers. If they didn’t provide a correct answer, they were asked if they felt like the answer was on the tip of their tongue and to provide partial information such as its first letter, its number of syllables (音节), or what it sounded like. The team found that people in a TOT state were more likely to volunteer partial information — doing so five times as often in one experiment.
But that information tended to be wrong. Guesses at sounds and syllable counts were no more likely to be right in a TOT state than otherwise. Averaged across several experiments, first-letter guesses were only slightly more likely to match the correct answer (roughly 11 versus 8 percent). Yet participants said they thought their guess was correct 58 percent of the time while in TOT states versus 7 percent otherwise.
Previous research has shown that TOT states are not completely illusory — people better recognize correct multiple-choice answers following such states (55 versus 42 percent) — but this work indicates that we can’t fully trust them. The evidence suggests that instead of partial recollection leading to a TOT state, a reverse (相反的) process may be taking place: Something causes the feeling, which then motivates people to search their memories.
“One possibility is that people detect familiarity with the question itself,” says the study’s senior author Anne Cleary, a psychologist at Colorado State University. “It may be signaling: ‘something relevant is here in memory — let’s do a search.’”
8. What does the new study find about TOT feeling
A. It may be an illusion.
B. It is caused by a partial memory.
C. It is a feeling of failure in giving answers.
D. It is a state of remembering anything with difficulty.
9. What did the college students do in the experiments
A. They answered 80 multiple-choice questions.
B. They provided partial information on 80 questions.
C. They answered 80 questions with one-word answers.
D. They guessed the answers according to the first letter.
10. What is the mechanism behind the TOT experience according to Anne Cleary
A. TOT experience is completely illusory.
B. People recall partial answers and feel frustrated.
C. People’s born ability helps them to guess the answers.
D. People discover something familiar and search their memories.
11. In which section of a newspaper can we probably find the text
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Literature. D. Lifestyle.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了舌尖状态(TOT)以及背后可能的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But new research suggests this experience may be largely an illusion(错觉).(但新的研究表明，这种体验可能在很大程度上是一种错觉。)”可知，这项新的研究发现了舌尖状态可能是一种错觉。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a series of experiments, college students attempted to answer 80 general knowledge questions with one-word answers.(在一系列实验中，大学生试图用一个词来回答80个常识问题。)”可知，大学生在实验中用一个词回答了80个问题。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“One possibility is that people detect familiarity with the question itself (一种可能性是，人们发现了对问题本身的熟悉程度)””以及“It may be signaling: ‘something relevant is here in memory — let’s do a search.’(这可能是在发出信号：“记忆中有相关的东西——我们来搜索一下吧。”)”可推断，根据Anne Cleary的说法，TOT体验背后的机制是人们发现熟悉的东西并搜索他们的记忆。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“research”、“experiment”以及“evidence”关键词可知，文章是一篇科普说明文，最可能来自报纸的科学版块。故选B。
D
An 11-minute quick walk every day could prevent one in ten premature deaths worldwide, according to the largest ever study of its kind. Globally, one in ten early deaths could be avoided if everyone met just half the NHS target for moderate (适度的)-intensity physical activity, the pooled data analysis suggests. The results were published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Moderate-intensity physical activity is defined as activity that raises the heart rate and makes people breathe faster, but still leaves them able to speak. “If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting, then our findings should be good news,” said Dr. Soren Brage, of Cambridge’s Medical Research Council epidemiology unit.
Researchers looked at 196 peer-reviewed articles, covering more than 30 million participants from 94 large study teams. They then examined the link between levels of physical activity and the risk of heart disease, cancer and early death.
At least 75 minutes a week of moderate-intensity activity lowered the risk of early death by 23%. It was also enough to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by 17% and cancer by 7%. “We know that physical activity, such as walking or cycling, is good for you, especially if you feel it raises your heart rate,” said Prof. James Woodcock, also of Cambridge University. “But what we’ve found is there are substantial benefits to heart health and reducing your risk of cancer even if you can only manage 10 minutes every day.”
The researchers calculated that if everyone in the studies had done the equal of at least 150 minutes a week of moderate activity, about one in six early deaths would have been prevented. But even if everyone had managed at least 75 minutes a week, about one in ten early deaths would have been prevented, the research found.
12. What is the main finding of the study mentioned in the text
A. Early deaths cannot be prevented through physical activity.
B. Everyone needs to exercise for at least 150 minutes weekly.
C. 11 minutes’ daily quick walking could stop 10% of early deaths.
D. Walking is the best exercise for preventing premature deaths.
13. What does the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Exciting. B. Discouraging. C. Confusing. D. Addictive.
14. How did the researchers do their study
A. They examined previous similar articles.
B. They cooperated with 94 large study teams.
C. They tracked down different people’s ways of exercise.
D. They asked about 30 million participants to answer questions.
15. What is the message of the study for people who can’t manage 150 minutes of physical activity a week
A. They should give up on physical activity altogether.
B. 75 minutes’ weekly activity is not enough to keep fit.
C. They should aim for high-intensity workouts for health.
D. Ten minutes’ daily activity can prevent heart disease and cancer.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现：每天11分钟的快走可以减少10%的早逝。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“An 11-minute quick walk every day could prevent one in ten premature deaths worldwide, according to the largest ever study of its kind.(根据迄今为止最大规模的同类研究，每天11分钟的快速步行可以防止全球十分之一的过早死亡。)”可知，文中提到的研究的主要发现是每天快走11分钟可以避免10%的早期死亡。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“then our findings should be good news(那么我们的研究结果应该是个好消息)”以及第四段“there are substantial benefits to heart health and reducing your risk of cancer even if you can only manage 10 minutes every day.(即使你每天只锻炼10分钟，对心脏健康和降低患癌症的风险也有很大的好处。)”可知，如果你觉得每周进行150分钟中等强度的体育锻炼的想法有点令人生畏，那么我们的发现应该是个好消息。所以此处daunting的含义是“令人生畏的；让人气馁的”。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Researchers looked at 196 peer-reviewed articles, covering more than 30 million participants from 94 large study teas.(研究人员查看了196篇同行评议的文章，涵盖了来自94个大型研究团队的3000多万参与者。)”可知，研究人员是通过研究了之前类似的文章进行研究的。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“But what we’ve found is there are substantial benefits to heart health and reducing your risk of cancer even if you can only manage 10 minutes every day.(但我们发现，即使你每天只锻炼10分钟，对心脏健康和降低患癌症的风险也有很大的好处。)”可知，每天十分钟的运动可以预防心脏病和癌症。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling Economically
● Get a ride to travel destinations with friends or acquaintances (熟人). If people you know are driving to a location you would like to visit, take advantage of the opportunity to ask them for a lift. Offer to help with gas money or, if you don’t have any cash, offer a trade or service instead. ____16____
● Practice safe hitchhiking to get around.____17____ Ask each driver several questions before getting in the vehicle, including what their name is, where they are heading and why they are going there. Follow your gut instinct (直觉) and avoid getting into a car with anyone who gives you a bad feeling.
●____18____There are many ridesharing websites and apps that allow budget travellers to find a shared lift to their destination. These sites will also screen and identify the drivers, making the ridesharing experience safe and simple. Search for available rideshares in your area, which may vary in cost but will cost significantly less than travelling alone.
● Join a free hospitality (好客)-sharing community. ____19____You will be able to chat with participating members living in the area you are travelling to and arrange accommodations before travelling. In addition to being able to sleep on someone’s couch or in their spare room, you may find someone to show you around the city.
● Camp at inexpensive campsites. Camping can be a budget-friendly activity if you find the right park or site. ____20____Visit http://www.uscampgrounds.info/ for a comprehensive list of North American campgrounds, which indicates sites with a rate of $12 or less per night.
A. Get to new destinations with ridesharing services.
B. Hitchhiking is not an exact science but an art form.
C. Search online for camp sites near your travel destination.
D. Hitchhiking is a free way to travel, but you need to be cautious.
E. One of my big worries when it comes to camping is keeping everyone safe.
F. Be a polite and respectful co-traveller to show your appreciation for their generosity.
G. Find free accommodations in other cities by joining a couchsurfing community online.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于如何节俭地旅行的几条建议。
【16题详解】
根据本段中心句“Get a ride to travel destinations with friends or acquaintances (熟人).(和朋友或熟人搭便车去旅游目的地。)”和前句“Offer to help with gas money or, if you don’t have any cash, offer a trade or service instead.(出钱给车加油，如果你没有现金，可以提供交易或服务。)”可知，搭便车旅行要做一个有礼貌并能够提供力所能及的帮助的旅行者，以表达自己的感激之情。F项“Be a polite and respectful co-traveller to show your appreciation for their generosity. (做一个有礼貌、尊重他人的同伴，以表达你对他们慷慨的感激之情。)”符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据后句“Ask each driver several questions before getting in the vehicle, including what their name is, where they are heading and why they are going there.(上车前问每个司机几个问题，包括他们的名字，他们要去哪里，为什么要去那里。)”可知，搭便车旅行要注意安全问题，所以需要小心谨慎。D项“Hitchhiking is a free way to travel, but you need to be cautious. (搭便车是一种免费的旅行方式，但你需要小心。)”符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
此空为本段中心句。根据本段的主要内容以及后句“There are many ridesharing websites and apps that allow budget travellers to find a shared lift to their destination.(有许多拼车网站和应用程序可以让穷游人士找到到目的地的拼车服务。)”可知，本段主要介绍通过拼车服务旅行。A项“Get to new destinations with ridesharing services. (通过拼车服务到达新的目的地。)”符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据本段中心句“Join a free hospitality (好客)-sharing community.(加入免费的热情好客共享社区。)”后句“You will be able to chat with participating members living in the area you are travelling to and arrange accommodations before travelling.(你将能够与居住在你要前往的地区参与会员聊天，并在旅行前安排住宿。)”可知，通过免费在线社区寻找免费住宿。G项“Find free accommodations in other cities by joining a couchsurfing community online. (通过加入couchsurfing在线社区查找其他城市的免费住宿。)”符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据本段中心句“Camp at inexpensive campsites.(在便宜的露营地露营。)”和前句“Camping can be a budget-friendly activity if you find the right park or site.(如果你找到了合适的公园或地点，露营是一项经济实惠的活动。)”可知，寻找旅行目的地的露营地进行露营，达到节俭地旅行的目的。C项“Search online for camp sites near your travel destination. (在网上搜索你旅行目的地附近的露营地。)”符合语境。故选C。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Desmond Jumbam grew up in a poor family in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon. His mother worked____21____ as a cleaner and cook for an organization to ____22____him to school in Yaoundé.
“It was not always easy but my mother sacrificed a lot to ____23____ that I got the best education. In 2010, I ____24____ Harvard University with enough money for only one semester. My mother took a huge ____25____ for that.”
With the help of family, scholarships and a job as a private teacher, Desmond was able to afford school fees for a “very____26____ first two years” in the US. But having achieved so much in the country, Desmond has now returned to Cameroon to____27____his knowledge and skills there.
Desmond couldn’t have got as far as he has without the ____28____ of his family. He said: “I will avoid common advice like ‘don’t ____29____ ’ and ‘follow your dreams’. At the risk of sounding_____30_____ , I would advise anyone with big dreams to expect severe adversity (逆境) ahead.”
Everyone faces some_____31_____ in getting to their goals and dreams, especially for those from _____32_____communities. Desmond was one of those children. He hopes his story will _____33_____children to know that it is completely _____34_____to achieve the dreams which may seem beyond their_____35_____, despite the severe adversities ahead.
21. A. quickly B. hardly C. tirelessly D. carelessly
22. A. send B. take C. pull D. put
23. A. imagine B. promise C. agree D. ensure
24. A. sponsored B. attended C. left D. reported
25. A. loan B. blow C. finance D. credit
26. A. fearful B. colorful C. stressful D. meaningful
27. A. learn B. improve C. obtain D. apply
28. A. arrangement B. warning C. support D. permission
29. A. catch up B. give up C. stay up D. hurry up
30. A. familiar B. strange C. funny D. pessimistic
31. A. barriers B. opportunities C. probabilities D. losses
32. A. old B. poor C. remote D. civilized
33. A. allow B. urge C. force D. inspire
34. A. possible B. right C. fair D. suitable
35. A. ability B. control C. reach D. comprehension
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Desmond Jumbam虽出身贫寒，但是却努力求学。Desmond Jumbam希望自己的故事能够激励更多的孩子去实现梦想。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲不知疲倦地为一家组织做清洁工和厨师，送他去仰光上学。A. quickly讯速地；B. hardly几乎不；C. tirelessly不知疲倦地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据上文“Desmond Jumbam grew up in a poor family in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon.”可知，Desmond出身贫寒，由此可以判断，他的母亲只有不知疲倦地工作才能供他上学。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲不知疲倦地为一家组织做清洁工和厨师，送他去仰光上学。A. send发送；B. take取走；C. pull拉；D. put放置。根据下文“It was not always easy but my mother sacrificed a lot to ____3____ that I got the best education.”可知，他的母亲之所以如此辛劳是为了送他上学。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，但我母亲牺牲了很多，以确保我得到最好的教育。2010年，我以只够一个学期的学费就读哈佛大学。我妈妈为此借了一大笔钱。A. imagine想象；B. promise承诺；C. agree同意；D. ensure确保。根据第一段内容可知，Desmond的妈妈需要不停工作才能供他读书；而根据空后“In 2010, I ____4____ Harvard University with enough money for only one semester.”可知，Desmond被哈佛录取了，由此可知，Desmond的妈妈牺牲很多是为了确保他得到最好的教育。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，但我母亲牺牲了很多，以确保我得到最好的教育。2010年，我以只够一个学期的学费就读哈佛大学。我妈妈为此借了一大笔钱。A. sponsored赞助；B. attended出席、上学；C. left离开；D. reported报道。根据下文“with enough money for only one semester.”可知，Desmond是去哈佛大学念书的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，但我母亲牺牲了很多，以确保我得到最好的教育。2010年，我以只够一个学期的学费就读哈佛大学。我妈妈为此贷了一大笔钱。A. loan贷款；B. blow吹；C. finance金融；D. credit信用。根据上文“Desmond Jumbam grew up in a poor family in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon.”可知，Desmond家里非常贫困，由此可知，为了让他去哈佛大学念书，他妈妈只有贷款。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家庭、奖学金和一份私人教师的工作的帮助下，Desmond能够负担得起在美国“压力很大的头两年”的学费。A. fearful害怕的；B. colorful丰富多彩的；C. stressful有压力的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“In 2010, I ____4____ Harvard University with enough money for only one semester.”可知，Desmond只有一个学期的学费，由此可知，在美国的头两年，他的压力很大。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在这个国家取得了如此多的成就后，Desmond现在已经回到喀麦隆，在那里运用他的知识和技能。A. learn学习；B. improve提高；C. obtain获得；D. apply申请、应用。考查短语：apply…to…，意为“把……运用到……上”，符合句意。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有家人的支持，Desmond不可能取得今天的成就。A. arrangement安排；B. warning警告；C. support支持；D. permission允许。根据上文“It was not always easy but my mother sacrificed a lot to ____3____ that I got the best education.”可知，Desmond的成功离不开自己妈妈的支持。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我会避免一些常见的建议，比如‘不要放弃’和‘追随你的梦想’。冒着听起来很悲观的风险，我建议任何有远大梦想的人都要做好前方严峻逆境的准备。”A. catch up赶上；B. give up放弃；C. stay up熬夜；D. hurry up赶紧。根据下文“follow your dreams”可知，Desmond这里指的是“不要放弃”，去追随梦想。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我会避免一些常见建议，比如‘不要放弃’和‘追随你的梦想’。冒着听起来很悲观的风险，我建议任何有远大梦想的人都要做好前方严峻逆境的准备。”A. familiar熟悉的；B. strange奇怪的；C. funny可笑的；D. pessimistic悲观的。根据下文“I would advise anyone with big dreams to expect severe adversity (逆境) ahead.”可知，Desmond的这个建议听起来似乎有点悲观。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人在实现目标和梦想的过程中都会遇到一些障碍，尤其是那些来自贫困社区的人。A. barriers障碍；B. opportunities机会；C. probabilities可能性；D. losses损失。根据上文“At the risk of sounding____10____ , I would advise anyone with big dreams to expect severe adversity (逆境) ahead”故可知，作者指的是每个人在实现目标和梦想的过程中都会遇到一些逆境，也就是障碍。选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人在实现目标和梦想的过程中都会遇到一些障碍，尤其是那些来自贫困社区的人。A. old老的；B. poor贫穷的；C. remote偏远的；D. civilized文明的。根据文章第一段“Desmond Jumbam grew up in a poor family in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon.”可知，Desmond出身贫寒。结合文章内容可知，文章指的是对于来自贫困社区的人而言，极有可能遇到障碍。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。他希望他的故事能激励孩子们知道，尽管前方有严峻的逆境，但实现看似遥不可及的梦想是完全可能的。A. allow允许；B. urge督促；C. force强迫；D. inspire激励。根据下文“to know that it is completely ____14____to achieve the dreams which may seem beyond their____15____, despite the severe adversities ahead.”可知，Desmond希望自己的故事能够激励孩子追求梦想。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：。他希望他的故事能激励孩子们知道，尽管前方有严峻的逆境，但实现看似遥不可及的梦想是完全可能的。A. possible可能的；B. right正确的；C. fair公平的；D. suitable合适的。根据全文内容可知，Desmond自己就是出身贫困，却实现了自己的梦想。由此可推断，他想让孩子们知道，实现梦想是可能的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：。他希望他的故事能激励孩子们知道，尽管前方有严峻的逆境，但实现看似遥不可及的梦想是完全可能的。A. ability能力；B. control控制；C. reach到达；D. comprehension能力。考查短语“beyond one’s reach”，意为“遥不可及的”。根据上文“I would advise anyone with big dreams to expect severe adversity (逆境) ahead.”可知，这里指的是遥不可及的远大梦想。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 22 marks the annual International Day for Biological Diversity,____36____ theme for this year is “From Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity”. Nearly half of the global GDP output is related____37____biological diversity. Nearly 40 percent of the global population makes their living on marine or coastal biodiversity.
China is one of the world’s most biologically ____38____(diversity) countries. China is home to the world’s third largest number of higher plant species with 35,000, ____39____ (account) for the world’s 10 percent of the category. The country also owns 686 species of mammals and ____40____largest number of unique mammal species. China has 24.02 percent of____41____ (it) territory covered by forest and ____42____(top) the fifth globally in terms of forest resource coverage.
From the perspective of the world, however, the numbers of wild animals in Africa and the Asia-Pacific region have dropped 66 percent and 55 percent ____43____(respective) due to habitat degradation (恶化), development and pollution, climate change and diseases. The threat that worldwide biological diversity is under is worsening as 41 percent of the world’s amphibians, 26 percent of the mammals and 14 percent of birds are facing extinction.
What are we supposed to do Don’t eat, purchase wild animals. Reduce using plastic ____44____ (item). Save water and power. Reduce _____45_____ (consume) of domestic paper. Plant trees and forests.
【答案】36. whose
37. to 38. diverse
39. accounting
40. the 41. its
42. tops 43. respectively
44. items 45. consumption
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。5月22日是国际保护生物多样性节日。文章介绍了保护生物多样性的重要性、中国多样性的生物状况以及全球的严峻形势和我们应该采取的行动。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：5月22日是一年一度的国际生物多样性日，今年的主题是“从协议到协力：复原生物多样性”。句中先行词为the annual International Day for Biological Diversity，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词theme，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：近一半的全球GDP产出与生物多样性有关。be related to为固定搭配，意为“和……有关”。故填to。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国家之一。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词修饰名词countries。故填diverse。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是世界第三大高等植物物种的家园，有3.5万种，占世界高等植物种类的10%。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语China与account之间为顺承主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填accounting。
40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：哺乳动物种类686种，是世界上独特哺乳动物种类最多的国家。形容词最高级前面用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国森林覆盖率达24.02%，森林资源覆盖率居世界第五位。用形容词性物主代词修饰名词territory。故填its。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国森林覆盖率达24.02%，森林资源覆盖率居世界第五位。分析句子结构可知，and连接并列的谓语动词。主语China是单数意义，主语和谓语之间是主动关系，该句叙述的是一般事实，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填tops。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，从世界范围来看，由于栖息地退化、开发和污染、气候变化和疾病，非洲和亚太地区的野生动物数量分别下降了66%和55%。修饰动词，用副词形式。respectively分别地；各自地。故填respectively。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：减少使用塑料制品。根据语境可知，此处是复数意义，表示“各类塑料制品”。故填items。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：减少使用生活用纸。动词reduce后加名词作宾语，名词consumption为不可数名词。故填consumption。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Margaux写信向你询问如何平衡学习和摄影爱好之间的关系。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 告知收到来信，得知情况；
2. 给出合理建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Margaux,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Margaux,
I heard that you love photography but have been struggling to balance your study with pursuing your interests. I’m glad to offer my advice!
First of all, you’d better prioritize your time. Make a list of all the things that you need to do, assign each task in order of importance. Additionally, schedule blocks of time for study and photography. Lastly, take a good rest. With these tips, you can find a balance which will allow you time for your classes, hobbies and rest.
I wish my suggestions would be of some help to you
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Margaux写信向你询问如何平衡学习和摄影爱好之间的关系。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：1. 告知收到来信，得知情况；2. 给出合理建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
建议：advice→suggestion/tip
此外：Additionally→In addition
有帮助的：of some help →helpful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Lastly, take a good rest.
拓展句：Lastly, take a good rest, which can make you energetic.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I heard that you love photography but have been struggling to balance your study with pursuing your interests.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Make a list of all the things that you need to do, assign each task in order of importance.(运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型3】With these tips, you can find a balance which will allow you time for your classes, hobbies and rest.(运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day Officer Jackson and Steve were discussing a serious case when they were informed of a disturbance (骚乱) in the nearby subway. So, they walked out of the station and got into their car.
The two officers had expected they’d have to deal with an annoying beggar troubling the passers-by for money. But when they arrived at the crime scene, they were shocked at the beggar’s appearance. The man had tears in his eyes and was sitting on the subway stairs, looking untidy and tired.
“Excuse me, sir,” Officer Jackson said. “You can’t stay here, nor can you bother the people to give you money. You have to leave this place.”
“Look, officers,” the man sighed. “I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to cause any trouble, okay I lost my cane (拐杖), and I can’t walk without it. I wanted a few cents so I could get myself something to eat.”
The two officers exchanged looks, knowing the man wasn’t a disturbance but someone who really needed their help. So they promised to get him food, buy him a cane, and drop him home.
After doing that, the officers drove to the beggar’s home, only to discover he had no home at all. He was just wandering in the streets and living off the leftovers he managed to find.
The poor man said his name was Eugene. When he was working at a skyscraper construction site, he was injured and became disabled, losing his ability to walk. Unfortunately, his disability forbade him from doing physical labor, and he wasn’t well-educated to find a desk job, so he remained jobless. Because he couldn’t provide for his family, his wife and children left him. “I don’t have any hopes of changing my destiny (命运), officers,” the man said.
But Officer Jackson wanted Eugene to change his life. “You’re still young,” he said.
“You can’t lose hope so soon. He brought him something warm to eat, helped him take a shower, and gave him his warm boots. After his work, Officer Jackson drove Eugene to a shelter for the homeless and left.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Since that day, Eugene had never expected to meet the two officers again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later, Eugene was a changed man.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Since that day, Eugene had never expected to meet the two officers again. But three months later, he saw a cop’s car pull over outside the shelter, and Officer Jackson got off. Eugene was shocked. “I just have to give you something, Eugene,” Officer Jackson said. He gave Eugene an envelope containing $12,000 inside. The two officers had started a campaign for Eugene and managed to raise that amount in three months. “You can slowly start a new life with this money, friend,” Officer Jackson said encouragingly. Eugene was deeply touched by their kindness.
A few months later, Eugene was a changed man. He got a job at the shelter and rented an apartment nearby. He was also continuing to seek help and meet a psychologist to heal the wounds his past had given him. Every day before going to work, he would clean up his appearance and face his colleagues and work in the best state. People at the shelter all loved the warm and positive man, all thanks to the two kind officers.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了两位警官一次执勤的时候偶遇一个可怜的残疾人，两位警官不仅帮助了这位可怜人还为他筹集了钱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“从那天起，Eugene再也没有想到会再见到那两位警官。”可知，第一段可描写Eugene再次见到两位警官以及他们为Eugene所做的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“几个月后，Eugene变了一个人。”可知，第二段可描写Eugene为两位警官的善心所打动所发生的变化。
2.续写线索：两位警官接到报警，地铁里发生了骚乱——两位警官到达现场后，发现了可怜的Eugene——两位警官很同情Eugene，于是他们给他买了食物以及手杖，然后送他回家——他们发现可怜的Eugene根本没有家，便将他送到了收容所——两个月后，两名警官再次找到Eugene，给他更多的帮助——Eugene发生变化
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始：start/launch
②筹集：raise/collect
③继续：continue/go on
情绪类
①吃惊：shocked/surprised
②感动的：touched/moved
【点睛】【高分句型1】He gave Eugene an envelope containing $12,000 inside.（运用了非谓语动词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】He was also continuing to seek help and meet a psychologist to heal the wounds his past had given him.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）2024届新高三开学联考
英语试题
本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The four best specialty food festivals in the US
Maine Lobster Festival — Rockland, Maine
Rockland is the self-proclaimed (自封的) lobster capital of the world, and its annual Maine Lobster Festival provides the state’s favorite lobsters and crabs. It takes place five days each summer and includes feasting on fresh seafood, a parade and live music. The Maine Sea Goddess Coronation and the Great International Great Crate Race, where contestants jump from crate (木箱) to crate and risk falling into the cold Atlantic Ocean, are don’t-miss events.
Windy City Smokeout — Chicago, Illinois
This four-day event in Chicago combines two things we love: live music and great BBQ. Over 20 of the world’s best cooks serve up their smoked foods, while top country music talent takes the stage. Bands, beer, BBQ — what could be better
Picklesburgh — Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Picklesburgh bills itself as “The Destination for All Things Pickled (腌制的)” for one weekend each July. Pittsburgh’s Roberto Clemente Bridge transforms into Picklesburgh, complete with a giant flying Heinz pickle balloon. Attendees can expect various foods and cocktails that feature pickled ingredients, as well as live demos and pickled goods.
Vermont Cheesemakers Festival — Greensboro, Vermont
Arguably the country’s top cheese state, Vermont plays host to the Annual Vermont Cheesemakers Festival each summer at Highland Center for the Arts. This single-day event offers an unequalled chance to meet the state’s best cheesemakers and taste their world-class products, alongside other local foods, craft beer, wine and spirits.
1. Which festival will appeal to adventure lovers
A Maine Lobster Festival.
B. Windy City Smokeout.
C. Picklesburgh.
D. Vermont Cheesemakers Festival.
2. What can you enjoy at Windy City Smokeout
A. Fresh seafood. B. Smoked foods.
C. World-class cheese. D. Pickled foods.
3. How long does the Vermont Cheesemakers Festival last
A. Five days. B. Four days. C. Two days. D. One day.
B
As the lyrics to Taylor Swift’s hit song “Bad Blood” go: “Cause, baby, now we got bad blood. You know it used to be mad love.” It’s a song about falling out of friendship, but to 14-year-old Hallie Barnard, who was born with a rare blood disorder, the song holds a much deeper meaning.
At just 15 months old, Barnard was diagnosed (诊断) with Diamon Blackfin Anemia, or DBA, and she spent most of her life in and out of the hospital. The Swiftie said she relied on the singer to bring her joy.
The only way to survive DBA is with a bone marrow transplant (骨髓移植) and Barnard was desperate for one. But she knew thousands of other patients are, too. So, a few years ago, she decided to do something about it, creating her own foundation: Hallie’s Heroes. “It started selfishly as just trying to save my life, but then we realized there were so many other children out there that needed a bone marrow transplant,” she said. “So, so far we’ve tested 8,000 people and found over 300 matches.”
After a 9-year wait, Barnard got her own match — through her own foundation. But more obstacles stood between her and normal life as a kid. The blood disorder led to a cancer diagnosis: osteosarcoma. She received surgery to cut the cancer out of her leg at MD Anderson in Houston.
The recovery was difficult, but Hallie said she stayed hopeful. “My survival instinct (本能) just kicked in. I was trying to do anything that I could to survive. So, of course, it was scary but in my mind, I was just thinking that I wanted to be at my sister’s future weddings. I wanted to play games and run again,” she said.
Her survival instinct — combined with Taylor Swift-helped her through her operation, where doctors cut her cancer out, and reattached her foot and ankle to her upper leg to work as a knee.
4. Why does the author mention Taylor Swift’s song “Bad Blood”
A. To stress the power of music.
B. To introduce the topic of the text.
C. To show Taylor Swift’s popularity.
D To state Taylor Swift’s song is a hit.
5. What is Hallie Barnard’s original motivation for creating Hallie’s Heroes
A. To raise money for her heroes.
B. To treat her rare blood disorder.
C. To help other children with DBA.
D. To have an operation for her cancer
6. Which of the following can best describe Hallie Barnard
A. Strong-minded and selfish. B. Hard-working and patient.
C. Kind and optimistic. D. Outgoing and helpful.
7. What’s the best title for the text
A. Bad Blood Inspired a Little Girl
B. Hallie’s Heroes:a Useful Foundation
C. Taylor Swift: a Popular Singer with Teens
D. A Cancer Survivor Helped Others Find Matches
C
Answers may only feel like they’re on the tip of your tongue. Sometimes you know there’s just the right word for something, but your brain can’t find it. That depressing feeling is called the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state — and for decades psychologists assumed it was caused by a partial recollection of the answer. But new research suggests this experience may be largely an illusion (错觉). Being sure you know something doesn’t mean you actually do.
In a series of experiments, college students attempted to answer 80 general knowledge questions with one-word answers. If they didn’t provide a correct answer, they were asked if they felt like the answer was on the tip of their tongue and to provide partial information such as its first letter, its number of syllables (音节), or what it sounded like. The team found that people in a TOT state were more likely to volunteer partial information — doing so five times as often in one experiment.
But that information tended to be wrong. Guesses at sounds and syllable counts were no more likely to be right in a TOT state than otherwise. Averaged across several experiments, first-letter guesses were only slightly more likely to match the correct answer (roughly 11 versus 8 percent). Yet participants said they thought their guess was correct 58 percent of the time while in TOT states versus 7 percent otherwise.
Previous research has shown that TOT states are not completely illusory — people better recognize correct multiple-choice answers following such states (55 versus 42 percent) — but this work indicates that we can’t fully trust them. The evidence suggests that instead of partial recollection leading to a TOT state, a reverse (相反的) process may be taking place: Something causes the feeling, which then motivates people to search their memories.
“One possibility is that people detect familiarity with the question itself,” says the study’s senior author Anne Cleary, a psychologist at Colorado State University. “It may be signaling: ‘something relevant is here in memory — let’s do a search.’”
8. What does the new study find about TOT feeling
A. It may be an illusion.
B. It is caused by a partial memory.
C. It is a feeling of failure in giving answers.
D. It is a state of remembering anything with difficulty.
9. What did the college students do in the experiments
A. They answered 80 multiple-choice questions.
B. They provided partial information on 80 questions.
C. They answered 80 questions with one-word answers.
D. They guessed the answers according to the first letter.
10. What is the mechanism behind the TOT experience according to Anne Cleary
A. TOT experience is completely illusory.
B. People recall partial answers and feel frustrated.
C. People’s born ability helps them to guess the answers.
D. People discover something familiar and search their memories.
11. In which section of a newspaper can we probably find the text
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Literature. D. Lifestyle.
D
An 11-minute quick walk every day could prevent one in ten premature deaths worldwide, according to the largest ever study of its kind. Globally, one in ten early deaths could be avoided if everyone met just half the NHS target for moderate (适度的)-intensity physical activity, the pooled data analysis suggests. The results were published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
Moderate-intensity physical activity is defined as activity that raises the heart rate and makes people breathe faster, but still leaves them able to speak. “If you are someone who finds the idea of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity a week a bit daunting, then our findings should be good news,” said Dr. Soren Brage, of Cambridge’s Medical Research Council epidemiology unit.
Researchers looked at 196 peer-reviewed articles, covering more than 30 million participants from 94 large study teams. They then examined the link between levels of physical activity and the risk of heart disease, cancer and early death.
At least 75 minutes a week of moderate-intensity activity lowered the risk of early death by 23%. It was also enough to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by 17% and cancer by 7%. “We know that physical activity, such as walking or cycling, is good for you, especially if you feel it raises your heart rate,” said Prof. James Woodcock, also of Cambridge University. “But what we’ve found is there are substantial benefits to heart health and reducing your risk of cancer even if you can only manage 10 minutes every day.”
The researchers calculated that if everyone in the studies had done the equal of at least 150 minutes a week of moderate activity, about one in six early deaths would have been prevented. But even if everyone had managed at least 75 minutes a week, about one in ten early deaths would have been prevented, the research found.
12. What is the main finding of the study mentioned in the text
A. Early deaths cannot be prevented through physical activity.
B. Everyone needs to exercise for at least 150 minutes weekly.
C. 11 minutes’ daily quick walking could stop 10% of early deaths.
D. Walking is the best exercise for preventing premature deaths.
13. What does the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Exciting. B. Discouraging. C. Confusing. D. Addictive.
14. How did the researchers do their study
A They examined previous similar articles.
B. They cooperated with 94 large study teams.
C. They tracked down different people’s ways of exercise.
D. They asked about 30 million participants to answer questions.
15. What is the message of the study for people who can’t manage 150 minutes of physical activity a week
A. They should give up on physical activity altogether.
B. 75 minutes’ weekly activity is not enough to keep fit.
C. They should aim for high-intensity workouts for health.
D. Ten minutes’ daily activity can prevent heart disease and cancer.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling Economically
● Get a ride to travel destinations with friends or acquaintances (熟人). If people you know are driving to a location you would like to visit, take advantage of the opportunity to ask them for a lift. Offer to help with gas money or, if you don’t have any cash, offer a trade or service instead. ____16____
● Practice safe hitchhiking to get around.____17____ Ask each driver several questions before getting in the vehicle, including what their name is, where they are heading and why they are going there. Follow your gut instinct (直觉) and avoid getting into a car with anyone who gives you a bad feeling.
●____18____There are many ridesharing websites and apps that allow budget travellers to find a shared lift to their destination. These sites will also screen and identify the drivers, making the ridesharing experience safe and simple. Search for available rideshares in your area, which may vary in cost but will cost significantly less than travelling alone.
● Join a free hospitality (好客)-sharing community. ____19____You will be able to chat with participating members living in the area you are travelling to and arrange accommodations before travelling. In addition to being able to sleep on someone’s couch or in their spare room, you may find someone to show you around the city.
● Camp at inexpensive campsites. Camping can be a budget-friendly activity if you find the right park or site. ____20____Visit http://www.uscampgrounds.info/ for a comprehensive list of North American campgrounds, which indicates sites with a rate of $12 or less per night.
A. Get to new destinations with ridesharing services.
B. Hitchhiking is not an exact science but an art form.
C. Search online for camp sites near your travel destination.
D. Hitchhiking is a free way to travel, but you need to be cautious.
E. One of my big worries when it comes to camping is keeping everyone safe.
F. Be a polite and respectful co-traveller to show your appreciation for their generosity.
G. Find free accommodations in other cities by joining a couchsurfing community online.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Desmond Jumbam grew up in a poor family in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon. His mother worked____21____ as a cleaner and cook for an organization to ____22____him to school in Yaoundé.
“It was not always easy but my mother sacrificed a lot to ____23____ that I got the best education. In 2010, I ____24____ Harvard University with enough money for only one semester. My mother took a huge ____25____ for that.”
With the help of family, scholarships and a job as a private teacher, Desmond was able to afford school fees for a “very____26____ first two years” in the US. But having achieved so much in the country, Desmond has now returned to Cameroon to____27____his knowledge and skills there.
Desmond couldn’t have got as far as he has without the ____28____ of his family. He said: “I will avoid common advice like ‘don’t ____29____ ’ and ‘follow your dreams’. At the risk of sounding_____30_____ , I would advise anyone with big dreams to expect severe adversity (逆境) ahead.”
Everyone faces some_____31_____ in getting to their goals and dreams, especially for those from _____32_____communities. Desmond was one of those children. He hopes his story will _____33_____children to know that it is completely _____34_____to achieve the dreams which may seem beyond their_____35_____, despite the severe adversities ahead.
21. A. quickly B. hardly C. tirelessly D. carelessly
22. A. send B. take C. pull D. put
23. A. imagine B. promise C. agree D. ensure
24. A. sponsored B. attended C. left D. reported
25. A. loan B. blow C. finance D. credit
26. A. fearful B. colorful C. stressful D. meaningful
27. A. learn B. improve C. obtain D. apply
28. A. arrangement B. warning C. support D. permission
29. A. catch up B. give up C. stay up D. hurry up
30. A. familiar B. strange C. funny D. pessimistic
31. A. barriers B. opportunities C. probabilities D. losses
32. A. old B. poor C. remote D. civilized
33. A. allow B. urge C. force D. inspire
34. A. possible B. right C. fair D. suitable
35. A. ability B. control C. reach D. comprehension
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 22 marks the annual International Day for Biological Diversity,____36____ theme for this year is “From Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity”. Nearly half of the global GDP output is related____37____biological diversity. Nearly 40 percent of the global population makes their living on marine or coastal biodiversity.
China is one of the world’s most biologically ____38____(diversity) countries. China is home to the world’s third largest number of higher plant species with 35,000, ____39____ (account) for the world’s 10 percent of the category. The country also owns 686 species of mammals and ____40____largest number of unique mammal species. China has 24.02 percent of____41____ (it) territory covered by forest and ____42____(top) the fifth globally in terms of forest resource coverage.
From the perspective of the world, however, the numbers of wild animals in Africa and the Asia-Pacific region have dropped 66 percent and 55 percent ____43____(respective) due to habitat degradation (恶化), development and pollution, climate change and diseases. The threat that worldwide biological diversity is under is worsening as 41 percent of the world’s amphibians, 26 percent of the mammals and 14 percent of birds are facing extinction.
What are we supposed to do Don’t eat, purchase wild animals. Reduce using plastic ____44____ (item). Save water and power. Reduce _____45_____ (consume) of domestic paper. Plant trees and forests.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Margaux写信向你询问如何平衡学习和摄影爱好之间的关系。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 告知收到来信，得知情况；
2. 给出合理建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Margaux,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day Officer Jackson and Steve were discussing a serious case when they were informed of a disturbance (骚乱) in the nearby subway. So, they walked out of the station and got into their car.
The two officers had expected they’d have to deal with an annoying beggar troubling the passers-by for money. But when they arrived at the crime scene, they were shocked at the beggar’s appearance. The man had tears in his eyes and was sitting on the subway stairs, looking untidy and tired.
“Excuse me, sir,” Officer Jackson said. “You can’t stay here, nor can you bother the people to give you money. You have to leave this place.”
“Look, officers,” the man sighed. “I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to cause any trouble, okay I lost my cane (拐杖), and I can’t walk without it. I wanted a few cents so I could get myself something to eat.”
The two officers exchanged looks, knowing the man wasn’t a disturbance but someone who really needed their help. So they promised to get him food, buy him a cane, and drop him home.
After doing that, the officers drove to the beggar’s home, only to discover he had no home at all. He was just wandering in the streets and living off the leftovers he managed to find.
The poor man said his name was Eugene. When he was working at a skyscraper construction site, he was injured and became disabled, losing his ability to walk. Unfortunately, his disability forbade him from doing physical labor, and he wasn’t well-educated to find a desk job, so he remained jobless. Because he couldn’t provide for his family, his wife and children left him. “I don’t have any hopes of changing my destiny (命运), officers,” the man said.
But Officer Jackson wanted Eugene to change his life. “You’re still young,” he said.
“You can’t lose hope so soon. He brought him something warm to eat, helped him take a shower, and gave him his warm boots. After his work, Officer Jackson drove Eugene to a shelter for the homeless and left.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Since that day, Eugene had never expected to meet the two officers again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later Eugene was a changed man.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
