2023年硚口区高三年级起点质量检测
高三英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the man pay the bill
A. By credit card. B. In cash C. By check.
2. What will the woman drink
A. Coffee. B. Coke C. Tea.
3 What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son B. Brother and sister C. Babysitter and child.
4. Why does the woman want to lose weight
A. To keep healthy. B. To fit into a dress. C. To attend a friend’s wedding.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A song B. A singer C. A radio program.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the woman
A. The man’s daughter. B. The man’s mother. C. The man’s wife.
7. What are the speakers doing
A. Making a map. B. Buying something online. C. Looking for the direction.
听第 7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What will the speakers do together
A. See a film. B. Read a book. C. Go on holiday.
9. What did the woman do after reading the book The Beach
A. She settled down in Thailand.
B. She traveled to a foreign country.
C. She watched the movie several times.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where are the speakers
A. At the city hall. B. At a friend’s house. C. At a tourist attraction.
11. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Show him around. B. Lend him a map. C. Explain a visiting route to him.
12. How long will the man stay at the place
A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. Five hours.
听第9段材料, 回答第13 至 16题。
13. What is the most difficult part of the work according to the man
A. The wallpaper. B. The painting. C. The electrics.
14. How did the man know the ways to build the furniture
A. His uncle taught him.
B. He watched some videos.
C. He talked with a professional.
15. How long will the current project take in total
A. Ten weeks. B. Eight weeks. C. Two weeks.
16. How will the woman probably feel after finishing the project
A. Relieved. B. Pleased. C. Depressed.
听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What influences regional food preference
A. Climate. B. Ingredients. C. Appetite.
18. What do southerners rarely eat
A. Seafood. B. Wheat. C. Meat.
19. Which country is mistakenly considered as the origin of ice cream
A. Italy. B. America. C. The UK.
20. Who invented pasta according to the speaker
A. The Chinese. B. The Italian. C. The British.
第二部分:阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节: (共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Getting to know your money personality can help you rein in your spending habits and take back control of your personal finances. Here, finance saving money expert Pete Ridley at CarFinanceSaver reveals the UKs core money personalities, along with actions to adopt that reduce the negative consequences of each personality type.
The Spontaneous Spender
A spontaneous spender refers to a person that exhibits a “spend now, think later” attitude. They can find it tricky to differentiate between “need to haves” and “nice to haves”, and often feel “spender’s guilt”.
“Before you make a purchase, take time to decide whether the item is a ‘need to have’ or a ‘nice to have’. This will aid in avoiding splurges (挥霍) that provide short term satisfaction and post-spenders’ guilt.” says Ridley.
The Determined Saver
An underlying sense of worry and fear can be at the root of a persistent saver, and their determination to save disguises an overwhelming fear of money.
“Saving is great,” says Ridley, “but it’s important to regard money as a friend and not an enemy. Always be sure to make non-essential purchases. These items don’t have to be a major expense, but just enough that you acknowledge that money can be there to be enjoyed and not just put away.”
The Money=Status
This personality type can live beyond their means by making purchases that they don’t need, striving to keep up with others and saying yes to friendship plans that they cannot afford, to keep up the appearance of financial wellbeing.
“It’s here that you can adopt the 50/20/30 rule: 50 percent essential living expenses, 30 percent disposable income and 20 percent saving and paying debts,” suggests Ridley.
This will maintain financial wellbeing while helping to acknowledge that money doesn’t necessarily equal status or even impress those around you.
1. Which type of money personality is not mentioned in the text
A. Cathy struggles to check her bank balance.
B. Eden tends to spend on impulse with little pre-planning.
C. Gill demonstrates a determined saver approach to her finances.
D. Joyce buys an unaffordable luxury to boast about her financial wellbeing.
2. What does Ridley suggest people do if they are always making purchases to impress others
A. Manage your money wisely. B. Spend some money on non-essentials for joy.
C. Check your finances regularly. D. Take time to assess how much you love the items.
3. In which section of a magazine can the text be found
A. Health. B. Business. C. Finance. D. Culture.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍英国人的三种主要的金钱人格类型：冲动型消费者、有决心的储蓄者和将金钱与地位挂钩的人，以及应对每种类型的建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Spontaneous Spender中第一段的“A spontaneous spender refers to a person that exhibits a “spend now, think later” attitude. (冲动型消费者指的是那些表现出“先花后想”态度的人。)”可知，B选择项“Eden tends to spend on impulse with little pre-planning.(伊登倾向于冲动消费，几乎没有事先计划。)”提到的伊登属于冲动型消费者；根据The Determined Saver中第一段的“An underlying sense of worry and fear can be at the root of a persistent saver, and their determination to save disguises an overwhelming fear of money. (一种潜在的担忧和恐惧可能是顽固储蓄者的根源，他们储蓄的决心掩盖了对金钱的压倒性恐惧。)”可知，C选择项“Gill demonstrates a determined saver approach to her finances.(吉尔在理财方面表现出坚定的储蓄态度。)”提到的吉尔属于有决心的储蓄者；和根据The Money=Status中第一段的“This personality type can live beyond their means by making purchases that they don’t need, striving to keep up with others and saying yes to friendship plans that they cannot afford, to keep up the appearance of financial wellbeing. (这种性格的人可以入不敷出，购买他们不需要的东西，努力跟上别人的步伐，答应他们负担不起的友谊计划，以保持经济上的健康。)”可知，D选择项“Joyce buys an unaffordable luxury to boast about her financial wellbeing. (乔伊斯买了一件买不起的奢侈品来炫耀自己的经济状况。)”提到的乔伊斯属于将金钱与地位挂钩的人。所以文章没有提及到A选择项“Cathy struggles to check her bank balance. (凯西努力检查她的银行余额。)”这种金钱人格。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Money=Status中第二段的““It’s here that you can adopt the 50/20/30 rule: 50 percent essential living expenses, 30 percent disposable income and 20 percent saving and paying debts,” suggests Ridley. (“在这里，你可以采用50/20/30规则：50%的基本生活开支，30%的可支配收入，20%的储蓄和偿还债务，”雷德利建议。)”可知，如果人们总是为了给别人留下深刻印象而购物，雷德利建议明智地管理钱。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Getting to know your money personality can help you rein in your spending habits and take back control of your personal finances. Here, finance saving money expert Pete Ridley at CarFinanceSaver reveals the UKs core money personalities, along with actions to adopt that reduce the negative consequences of each personality type. (“了解你的金钱个性可以帮助你控制你的消费习惯，重新控制你的个人财务。在这里，来自CarFinanceSaver网站的金融省钱专家皮特·雷德利揭示了英国人的核心金钱性格，以及减少每种性格带来的负面后果的行动。)”及全文可知，文章介绍英国人的三种主要的金钱人格类型：冲动型消费者、有决心的储蓄者和将金钱与地位挂钩的人，以及应对每种类型的建议。从而推断在杂志的财务部分可以找到这篇文章。故选C。
B
During my first year in college, I was silent. I was too afraid of saying something wrong.
I declared a religion major as a sophomore and took a class from Barbara, a young theologian. My mind was split open by a range of new thinkers and writers and by the quality of Barbara’s questions, I finally had something to say and the energy to say it. I was a frequent visitor during Barbara’s office hours, a rocket of words. She listened and calmly responded, a perfect contrast to my feverish ramblings. I loved what she saw in me, which was a range of abilities I had never seen in myself. In the following years, our relationship gradually deepened, but I was always conscious of a teacher-student dynamic.
This changed fundamentally when I became a parent. I had my son in March 2010, and Barbara was one of the first to congratulate me. When, nine months later, my child was diagnosed with Tay-Sachs disease, a rare and always terminal illness with no treatment and no cure, she sent me a letter-handwritten on a white legal pad. For the next two and a half years, Barbara wrote me regular, sometimes weekly, letters, remarkable letters that are revealing, loving, and kind.
The letter written right before my son died, when he was three, was the most personal and perhaps the most profound. “I think he’s made you better by opening up the great fire of your love,” she wrote, “with his small but magnificent existence.” I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos. Our love had bloomed and deepened from a guarded mutual respect to a richer, deeper friendship.
Mentors are meant to lead those in their charge into fresh understanding, help them sort and filter new experiences, assist in the project of making sense out of the chaos that is human life. Mentors observe and accompany the darkest despair, the wildest sorrow, and the most unexpected joy.
4. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The author took the class because she excelled1 in theology.
B. Their relationship changed significantly beyond a teacher-student mode.
C The author was a frequent visitor to Barbara’s home after working hours.
D. Barbara’s peaceful exterior was a contrast to the author’s overexcited talk.
5. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The way Barbara treated her students. B. The fact that the author kept silent in class.
C. The role of the author as a college student. D. The relationship between Barbara and the author.
6. What transformed the relationship between Barbara and the author from a mutual respect to a deeper friendship
A. Barbara’s efforts to solve the problem.
B. Barbara’s sympathy shown in the letter.
C. The author’s in-depth understanding of Barbara.
D. Barbara’s congratulations on the birth of the author’s son.
7. What does the author think of Barbara
A. Demanding and dedicated. B. Responsible and reasonable.
C. Insightful and inspiring. D. Aggressive and ambitious.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和自己的导师之间的感情，表达了自己对导师深深的感激之情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I was a frequent visitor during Barbara’s office hours, a rocket of words. She listened and calmly responded, a perfect contrast to my feverish ramblings.(我是芭芭拉办公时间的常客，滔滔不绝。她听着，平静地回答，与我狂热的胡言乱语形成鲜明对比。)”可知，芭芭拉平静的答复与作者激动的谈话形成了对比。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一段最后一句“In the following years, our relationship gradually deepened, but I was always conscious of a teacher-student dynamic.(在接下来的几年里，我们的关系逐渐加深，但我始终意识到一种师生关系。)”可知，作者一直感受到自己和芭芭拉之间的师生情。而划线词This指的正是两人之间的关系。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The letter written right before my son died, when he was three, was the most personal and perhaps the most profound. “I think he’s made you better by opening up the great fire of your love,” she wrote, “with his small but magnificent existence.” I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos. Our love had bloomed and deepened from a guarded mutual respect to a richer, deeper friendship. (那封信是我儿子临死前写，当时他三岁，这封信是最私人的，也许也是最深刻的。她写道：“我认为他用他渺小但华丽的存在，点燃了你爱的火焰，让你变得更好。”在我的一生中，我从来没有读过比这更令人宽慰的句子，这句话道出了我最大的希望，最深的恐惧，以及我仅存的信念，那就是对混乱的信念。我们的感情从一种谨慎的相互尊重发展成为一种更丰富、更深的友谊。)”可知，芭芭拉在信中所表示出来的同情使得我们之间的关系从互相尊重变成了更深层次的友谊。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“My mind was split open by a range of new thinkers and writers and by the quality of Barbara’s questions, I finally had something to say and the energy to say it.(我的思想被一系列新的思想家和作家以及芭芭拉的问题的质量触动了，我终于有话要说，也有精力说出来。)”可知，作者的老师芭芭拉很有见解；根据第四段“I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos.(在我的一生中，我从来没有读过比这更令人宽慰的句子，这句话道出了我最大的希望，最深的恐惧，以及我仅存的信念，那就是对混乱的信念。)”可知，芭芭拉很会鼓舞人。故选C。
C
Do you crave chips, pizza, donuts, or cake These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats, which make them delicious but not nutritious. A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive.
According to the research published in the journal Addiction, certain foods can trigger the same feelings as drugs. It all comes down to what’s happening in the brain. When we feel happy, it’s due to a flood of the feel-good chemical dopamine(多巴胺) in the striatum. This region is part of the brain’s reward circuit. The striatum gets a dopamine rush when something good happens. Drugs and alcohol can cause a similar high. So, it turns out, can some popular snack foods.
“We’re designed to find carbohydrates(碳水化合物) and fats,” says Ashley Gearhardt, a psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Evolving such tastes helped our ancestors “overcome famine and make sure we survive,” she explains. That critical role shaped the brain’s reward system, making us hard-wired to enjoy carbohydrates and fatty foods.
The problem isn’t with all foods containing carbohydrates and fats. Fruit is full of sugar. Oats and other whole grains have lots of carbohydrates. Nuts and meat have fat. But such unprocessed foods—eaten in a form that’s similar to how they grew—also contain other nutrients, such as fiber, that slow digestion. That limits how quickly our bodies can absorb the nutrients.
Cookies, candy, soda, fries and other highly processed foods lack those additional nutrients. Such foods contain ingredients that have been highly changed from their natural state. They’re chock full of easy-to-absorb carbohydrates and added fats. What’s more, they often contain ingredients that don’t naturally occur together. When we eat these foods, we get a quick “hit” of carbs and fats that give the brain a boost. That makes us want to eat them again and again.
8. According to the article, which types of food can be addictive
A. Fruits and grains. B. Cookies and cake.
C. Nuts and meat. D. Oats and fiber.
9. Why are humans hard-wired to enjoy carbs and fatty foods, according to the article
A. They provide quick energy. B. They helped our ancestors survive.
C. They are full of fiber. D. They contain natural sugars.
10. How does the brain react when we eat certain highly processed foods
A. It gets a boost of carbs and fats that make us feel full.
B. It slows down the digestion process.
C. It triggers the same feelings as drugs.
D. It releases feel-good chemicals that prevent addiction.
11. What is the main idea of the article
A. Certain processed foods can create addictive responses.
B. Unprocessed foods are better for you than processed foods.
C. Our brains are born to enjoy carbohydrates and fats.
D. The lack of additional nutrients in processed foods makes them unhealthy.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍最近一项分析表明，一些加工食品中的某些成分可能会让人上瘾。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you crave chips, pizza, donuts, or cake These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats, which make them delicious but not nutritious. A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive. (你想吃薯片、披萨、甜甜圈还是蛋糕？这类食物含糖量高，脂肪含量高，所以味道鲜美，但营养不良。最近的一项分析表明，这些类型的加工食品中的某些成分可能会上瘾。)”和最后一段“Cookies, candy, soda, fries and other highly processed foods lack those additional nutrients. Such foods contain ingredients that have been highly changed from their natural state. They’re chock full of easy-to-absorb carbohydrates and added fats. What’s more, they often contain ingredients that don’t naturally occur together. When we eat these foods, we get a quick “hit” of carbs and fats that give the brain a boost. That makes us want to eat them again and again. (饼干、糖果、苏打水、薯条和其他高度加工的食品缺乏这些额外的营养。这些食物所含的成分与它们的自然状态有很大的不同。它们富含易于吸收的碳水化合物和添加的脂肪。更重要的是，它们通常含有不自然发生在一起的成分。当我们吃这些食物时，我们会很快“摄入”碳水化合物和脂肪，从而增强大脑。这让我们一次又一次地想吃它们。)”可知，饼干和蛋糕会让人上瘾。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““We’re designed to find carbohydrates(碳水化合物) and fats,” says Ashley Gearhardt, a psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Evolving such tastes helped our ancestors “overcome famine and make sure we survive,” she explains. That critical role shaped the brain’s reward system, making us hard-wired to enjoy carbohydrates and fatty foods. (“我们旨在寻找碳水化合物和脂肪。”密歇根大学安娜堡分校的心理学家Ashley Gearhardt说。她解释说，这种口味的进化帮助我们的祖先“克服了饥荒，确保了我们的生存”。这一关键作用塑造了大脑的奖励系统，使我们天生喜欢碳水化合物和高脂肪食物。)”可知，我们天生喜欢碳水化合物和高脂肪食物是因为这些食物帮助我们的祖先生存了下来。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“According to the research published in the journal Addiction, certain foods can trigger the same feelings as drugs. It all comes down to what’s happening in the brain. When we feel happy, it’s due to a flood of the feel-good chemical dopamine(多巴胺) in the striatum. This region is part of the brain’s reward circuit. The striatum gets a dopamine rush when something good happens. Drugs and alcohol can cause a similar high. So, it turns out, can some popular snack foods. (根据发表在《上瘾》杂志上的研究，某些食物会引发与药物相同的感觉。这一切都归结为大脑中正在发生的事情。当我们感到快乐时，这是由于大量的感觉良好的化学物质多巴胺在纹状体中。这个区域是大脑奖赏回路的一部分。当好事发生时，纹状体会分泌多巴胺。毒品和酒精会导致类似的高。事实证明，一些受欢迎的零食也是如此。)”可知，当我们吃某些高度加工的食物时，大脑会引发与毒品相同的感觉。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Do you crave chips, pizza, donuts, or cake These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats, which make them delicious but not nutritious. A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive. (你想吃薯片、披萨、甜甜圈还是蛋糕？这类食物含糖量高，脂肪含量高，所以味道鲜美，但营养不良。最近的一项分析表明，这些类型的加工食品中的某些成分可能会上瘾。)”可知，这篇文章讲述某些加工食品会让人上瘾。故选A。
D
Whether we are sitting down or standing up, still or moving, body posture influences our mood. Several studies have shown this link between physical posture and mood. Others have shown a relationship between our mood and our cognitive (认知的) performance, including memory, reasoning, learning, and the speed of reaction and processing of information.
So a logical question arises. Can body posture influence our cognitive performance
Previously, a New Zealand team (University of Auckland) carried out an experiment on posture when we walk, especially in the street. The team had found a very clear influence of our posture on our mood and confidence. It appears that walking with a hunched back, bowed head and motionless arms have a negative influence on our mental state.
Indeed, the researchers found that the simple act of straightening up, standing up straight, with your head held high, and gazing forward gives us a serious boost of confidence. Not only does our spontaneous posture have a psychological effect, but by correcting it, it is possible to bring about improvement in the long term.
In this other study, this time carried out by an Austrian team (Friedrich Alexander University in Erlangen-Nuremberg), researchers observed the same phenomenon, this time in a sitting position. Young adults were invited to participate in tests presented as intended to assess their ability to concentrate. In fact, the researchers had them sit in different postures — from upright to very slumped (消沉) — in order to note their influences on mood and cognition.
A first observation indicates that “sitting upright” is associated with a better overall mood. It is also found to have a positive influence on the speed of processing information and completing tasks, although the test pass rate does not vary significantly with posture.
Finally, and surprisingly enough, blood pressure is a little more favorable in an upright position. To further complete the list of benefits of sitting upright, we will add that it is widely recommended for protecting the back in case of work that requires sitting for a long time.
12. Why does the writer mention the studies at the beginning
A. To introduce what cognitive performance is.
B. To emphasize the importance of body posture.
C. To prove the results of those studies are wrong.
D. To raise a new question to be studied and solved.
13. What does the underlined word “hunched” mean in Paragraph 3
A. Straightened. B. Bent. C. Loose. D. Solid.
14. What does the first study indicate
A. Posture influences our mental state. B. Straightening up has a negative effect.
C. Gazing upward builds up confidence. D. Walking posture is especially important.
15. What can we learn about sitting upright
A. It has mental and physical benefits. B. It helps improve the test pass rate.
C. It requires sitting for a long time. D. It increases the blood pressure.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明身体姿势不仅能够影响我们的情绪，而且能够影响我们的认知表现。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether we are sitting down or standing up, still or moving, body posture influences our mood. Several studies have shown this link between physical posture and mood. Others have shown a relationship between our mood and our cognitive (认知的) performance, including memory, reasoning, learning, and the speed of reaction and processing of information.（无论我们是坐着还是站着，静止还是移动，身体姿势都会影响我们的情绪。几项研究表明，身体姿势和情绪之间存在这种联系。其他研究表明，我们的情绪和我们的认知表现之间存在关系，包括记忆、推理、学习、反应速度和信息处理。）”可知，研究证实了身体姿势和情绪之间的联系，以及情绪与认知表现之间的联系。结合第二段“So a logical question arises. Can body posture influence our cognitive performance （因此，一个合乎逻辑的问题出现了。身体姿势会影响我们的认知表现吗？）”可知，上述的研究发现会产生身体姿势与认知表现是否有联系的问题。因此，作者一开始提到这些研究是为了提出一个有待研究和解决的新问题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中“It appears that walking with a hunched back, bowed head and motionless arms have a negative influence on our mental state.（……背、低着头、手臂不动走路似乎会对我们的精神状态产生负面影响。）”可知，走路的姿势是低头、手臂不动，和这种姿势配合的应该是“驼背”，hunched意思应该是“弓背”，与Bent意思一致。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team had found a very clear influence of our posture on our mood and confidence.（研究小组发现，我们的姿势对我们的情绪和信心有非常明显的影响。）”可知，第一个研究表明姿势会影响情绪状态。故选A项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“A first observation indicates that “sitting upright” is associated with a better overall mood.（第一个观察表明，“坐直”与更好的整体情绪有关。）”和最后一段“Finally, and surprisingly enough, blood pressure is a little more favorable in an upright position. To further complete the list of benefits of sitting upright, we will add that it is widely recommended for protecting the back in case of work that requires sitting for a long time.（最后，令人惊讶的是，坐直的姿势下血压更有利一些。为了进一步完善坐直的姿势的好处清单，我们将补充说，在需要长时间坐着的工作中，它被广泛推荐用于保护背部。）”可知，坐直有利于整体情绪、血压和背部保护，因此具有心理和身体的双重好处。故选A项。
第二节(共5 小题;每小题分 2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to accept change in life and embrace it positively
Change is the only constant in life. ____16____ Because whether we want it or not, change is inevitable. It is “change” that makes our life move forward. It’s “change” that makes life exciting and worth living. Let’s see how to stay strong when we face changes in life.
Accept the situation
Changes happen expectedly and unexpectedly. ____17____ But there can be changes that happen so suddenly that you might have to experience painful days and have a tough time coping with them. Give yourself sometime to come to terms with it. You may have to go through a mourning period where you have to experience all kinds of emotions. Let the emotions come out and make space for them. It’s normal to feel sad and a sense of loss when you think about your old life. Seek support and if possible, take a few days off to find your strength. It’s important to learn to deal with the transition phase before you fully start living the new reality.
Embrace the unknown
Most of us are afraid of the unknown and therefore are resistant to change. ____18____ Even if it is for good, we hesitate to accept change because human beings love structure and routine. But I have often experienced in my life that the “unknown” I feared so much was not that scary at all, once I went through it. And that my worries were something that my mind made up. Truth be told, most of the things I worried about didn’t happen anyway. If we are not willing to embrace the unknown, we may miss out on lots of good things that life has kept in store for us.
____19____
One of the reasons change is difficult to accept is because of the range of emotions we feel when we confront change. ____20____ Acknowledge your fears, but stop yourself from being tunnel-visioned. Our mind has away of bringing up possible scenarios and fear them. But I have learned over the years that most of the things we fear don’t happen and usually, something good comes from change. I recently learned how to embrace emotions from one of my spiritual teachers. She would say, “When you feel emotions, give them a name and acknowledge that they have come to ‘visit’.”
A. Acknowledge your fears.
B. Look at how far you have come.
C. The sooner we learn to make peace with this fact, the better.
D. We fear the unknown because anything can happen to us there.
E. Expected or planned changes can buy us sometime for preparation.
F. It’s important to embrace your feelings and accept that they are there.
G. People who have experienced the loss of loved ones often talk about how that experience changed them.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何接受生活中的改变并积极地拥抱它。
【16题详解】
上文“Change is the only constant in life. (改变是生活中唯一不变的。)”指出改变是生活中唯一不变的这一事实，下文“Because whether we want it or not, change is inevitable. (因为不管我们愿不愿意，改变都是不可避免的。)”中的because可知，空处应该和下文是因果关系，C项“我们越早学会接受这个事实越好。”符合，即因为不管我们愿不愿意，改变都是不可避免的，所以我们要越早学会接受这个事实越好，“this fact”代指上文，故选C。
【17题详解】
下文“But there can be changes that happen so suddenly that you might have to experience painful days and have a tough time coping with them. (但是有些变化可能发生得太突然，以至于你不得不经历痛苦的日子，并且很难应对它们)”中的But可知，空处和下文是转折关，下文指出有些变化发生得太突然，以至于没有准备，E项“预期或计划的变化可以为我们争取一些时间来准备。”指出预期的变化能为我们争取时间准备，和下文构成转折关系，选项中的“Expected or planned changes”和下文中的“changes that happen so suddenly”分别呼应上文“expectedly”和“unexpectedly”，故选E。
【18题详解】
上文“Most of us are afraid of the unknown and therefore are resistant to change. (我们大多数人害怕未知，因此抵制改变。)”指出大多数人害怕未知，空处承接上文，指出害怕未知的原因，D项“我们害怕未知，因为在那里任何事情都可能发生在我们身上。”符合，下文“Even if it is for good, we hesitate to accept change because human beings love structure and routine (即使改变是好的，我们也不愿意接受，因为人类喜欢结构和常规)”进一步解释了人们害怕未知不愿改变的原因，故选D。
【19题详解】
由下文“Acknowledge your fears, but stop yourself from being tunnel-visioned. Our mind has away of bringing up possible scenarios and fear them. (承认你的恐惧，但不要让自己看得太狭隘。我们的头脑已经远离了提出可能的情况和恐惧他们。)”可知，本段告诉我们要承认自己的恐惧，A项“承认你的恐惧。”适合做本段标题，故选A。
【20题详解】
上文“One of the reasons change is difficult to accept is because of the range of emotions we feel when we confront change. ( 改变之所以难以接受，原因之一是当我们面对改变时所感受到的各种情绪。)”指出改变难以接受的原因是我们面对改变时有各种情绪，空处应该承接上文，告诉我们对此该如何做，F项“接受你的感受并接受它们的存在是很重要的。”符合，“your feelings”和上文“emotions”相呼应，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was busy and often dealt with customer emails at lunch. Even fifteen minutes in the employee lunchroom seemed a ____21____. My company, like many companies, cut costs by not ____22____ people as they left. The survivors had to take up more ____23____.
For me, this ____24____ no lunch hour, plus taking work home. I wanted to ____25____, but I couldn’t until I had another job in hand. ____26____ in theory, but given how annoyed the extra hours made me feel, it was difficult to convince ____27____ employers to hire me. I felt trapped. Then a chance ____28____ with a little girl changed my perspective. The girl was ____29____ happy, standing in line with her mom at the grocery.
“Good day at school ” I asked.
A nod.
“What’s your favorite subject ”
I smiled at the answer. I _____30_____ when that had been my answer. At that time, no teachers told you what to do at lunch. We just played happily.
That brief _____31_____ left me wondering: What had happened to lunch
I knew that by law I was _____32_____ to a lunch break. So I decided to start _____33_____ it. I began to had a walk during the lunch break, which made me refreshed.
Now I’m still _____34_____ a new position but with less stressed-out urgency than before. You can’t always change your _____35_____, but you can always change your perspective.
21. A. luxury B. solution C. concern D. procedure
22. A. protecting B. reminding C. supporting D. replacing
23. A. guidance B. work C. time D. reference
24. A. represented B. proved C. meant D. designed
25. A. accept B. exchange C. quit D. agree
26. A. Independent B. Legal C. Creative D. Nice
27. A. potential B. previous C. optimistic D. influential
28. A. travel B. discovery C. cooperation D. conversation
29. A. equally B. merely C. extremely D. usually
30. A. shared B. remembered C. recorded D. checked
31. A. encounter B. trip C. stop D. summary
32. A. entitled B. exposed C. related D. suggested
33. A. evaluating B. extending C. taking D. escaping
34. A. adapting to B. looking for C. taking over D. adding to
35. A. circles B. identity C. appearance D. circumstances
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在忙碌的工作中尝试着停止在午饭休息期间工作而是外出散步进行自我调节，从而改变心态的一段经历。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在员工餐厅呆上15分钟似乎都是一种奢侈。A. luxury奢侈；B. solution解决方案；C. concern关注；D. procedure程序。根据上文“I was busy and often dealt with customer emails at lunch.”可知，作者很忙，经常在午餐时间处理客户邮件，因此在员工餐厅待上15分钟应该是一种奢侈。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和许多公司一样，我的公司在员工离职时不找人替代，从而降低成本。A. protecting保护；B. reminding提醒；C. supporting支持；D. replacing替代。根据上文“cut costs”可知，作者的公司想降低成本，因此在员工离职时不会找人替代。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：留下的人不得不承担更多的工作。A. guidance指导；B. work工作；C. time时间；D. reference参考。根据上文“I was busy and often dealt with customer emails at lunch.”可知，作者工作非常忙碌，由此推知，一部分员工离职后，留下的人需要承担更多的工作。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这意味着没有午餐时间，还要把工作带回家。A. represented代表；B. proved证明；C. meant意味着；D. designed设计。根据上文“I was busy and often dealt with customer emails at lunch.”可知，作者很忙，经常在午餐时间处理客户邮件，这种情况意味着作者没有午餐时间。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想辞职，但在找到另一份工作之前我不能辞职。A. accept接受；B. exchange交换；C. quit辞职；D. agree同意。根据下文“until I had another job in hand”可推知，作者想辞职，换一份工作。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：理论上是不错，但考虑到加班让我感到多么恼火，我很难说服潜在雇主雇佣我。A. Independent独立的；B. Legal合法的；C. Creative有创造力的；D. Nice不错的。根据下文“but”可知，此处语义有转折，下文提到很难说服潜在雇主雇佣作者，Nice“不错的”符合语境，表示理论上辞职找一份工作是不错的，“不错的”和“很难”形成转折。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：理论上是不错，但考虑到加班让我感到多么恼火，我很难说服潜在雇主雇用我。A. potential潜在的；B. previous以前的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. influential有影响力的。根据上文“until I had another job in hand”可知，作者想辞职，换一份工作，因此是找潜在的雇主。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来与一个小女孩的一次偶然交谈改变了我的看法。A. travel旅行；B. discovery发现；C. cooperation合作；D. conversation交谈。根据下文““Good day at school ” I asked.”“A nod.”““What’s your favorite subject ””和“I smiled at the answer.”可知，作者和这个小女孩之间有一次交谈，因此是偶然交谈改变了作者的看法。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：小女孩非常开心，和妈妈一起在杂货店排队。A. equally平等地；B. merely只，仅仅；C. extremely非常；D. usually通常。根据下文“Good day at school ”可知，作者问小女孩“在学校过得好吗？”，由此推知小女孩应该是非常开心。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得那曾是我的回答。A. shared共享；B. remembered记得；C. recorded记录；D. checked检查。根据下文“At that time, no teachers told you what to do at lunch. We just played happily.”可知，作者想起了从前快乐的午餐时间，因此应该是记得自己曾经的回答。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次短暂的相遇让我想知道：午餐发生了什么？A. encounter相遇；B. trip旅行；C. stop停止；D. summary总结。根据上文作者遇到快乐的小女孩，展开交谈，回想起从前可推知，此处应用encounter“相遇”概括上文的经历。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道根据法律我有权午休。A. entitled给予……权利；B. exposed使遭受；C. related与……相关；D. suggested建议。根据上文“by law”可推知，此处表示“法律赋予了作者午休的权利”，即根据法律作者有权午休。be entitled to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有权做……”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定开始接受。A. evaluating评估；B. extending扩展；C. taking接受；D. escaping逃避。根据下文“I began to had a walk during the lunch break”可知，作者开始在午休时间散步，因此是接受了法律赋予的无休权。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：现在我还在找一份新工作，但没有以前那么紧张了。A. adapting to适应；B. looking for寻找；C. taking over接管；D. adding to添加。根据上文“still”和下文“a new position but with less stressed-out urgency than before”可推知，作者应该是还在找一份新工作。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不能总是改变你的环境，但你可以改变你的观点。A. circles圈子；B. identity身份；C. appearance外观；D. circumstances环境。根据下文“but you can always change your perspective”可知，作者认为可以改变观点，上文与此有转折，因此应该是不能改变外在的环境。故选D。
第二节短文填空(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea is commonly considered native to Southern China. However, in a garden in Geling village in Metog county in the Tibet autonomous region, the morning air is filled with the sweet aroma of _____36_____ (fresh) picked tea.
Tsering Yangdron, a 25-year-old Monba, one of the ethnic groups _____37_____ live in this region, skillfully makes her way through the garden, carefully picking tender tea leaves and tossing them into a bamboo basket tied to her waist. Tea picking _____38_____ (become) a habit for her over the past five years. After she is done, Tsering Yangdron goes back home, where she also runs a homestay. “We have come up with _____39_____ dish of fresh tea buds fried with eggs,” she said. A kilogram of fresh tea buds _____40_____ (sell) for 300 yuan. Once _____41_____ (dry) and processed to make green tea, their value increases significantly.
Geling was once inaccessible as a result of the dense forests, _____42_____ the opening of the Metog highway in 2013 significantly improved connectivity and created opportunities for economic growth. Prior to Huang Jiabin’s appointment _____43_____ the village’s Party secretary, the tea plantation in Geling was a neglected piece of land.
“_____44_____ (realize) the valley was suitable for growing tea, since 2018, we have improved the management of the tea plantation, introduced advanced planting techniques and provided training for ______45______ (village),” Huang said.
【答案】36. freshly
37. that##who
38. has become
39. a 40. sells
41. dried 42. but##yet
43. as 44. Realizing
45. villagers
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍西藏自治区梅托县歌岭村种茶来繁荣经济。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在西藏自治区梅托县歌岭村的一个花园里，早晨的空气中弥漫着新鲜采茶的甜蜜香气。分析可知，设空处修饰形容词picked，应用副词作状语，故填freshly。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：25岁的门巴族次仁阳德（Tsering Yangdron）是生活在这个地区的少数民族之一，她熟练地穿过花园，小心翼翼地采摘嫩茶叶，把它们扔进绑在腰间的竹篮里。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ethnic groups，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填that/who。
【38题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年里，采茶已经成为她的一种习惯。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语over the past five years，应用现在完成时，主语Tea picking，谓语用第三人称单数，故填has become。
39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她说：“我们想出了一道菜，用新鲜的茶芽炒鸡蛋。”设空处修饰名词dish，表泛指，应用冠词，dish以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一公斤新鲜的茶芽售价300元。设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是A kilogram of fresh tea buds，谓语用第三人称单数，sell用主动表被动，故填sells。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：一旦干燥并加工成绿茶，它们的价值就会大大增加。此处为once+过去分词作状语的省略形式，还原为完整的句子应该是once they are dried and processed to make green tea的条件状语从句，当从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词时，从句省略主语和be动词。故填dried。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：由于森林茂密，歌岭一度人迹罕至，但2013年Metog高速公路的开通大大改善了连通性，并为经济增长创造了机会。根据句意可知，设空处前后两句为并列句，表转折关系，故填but/yet。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在黄家斌被任命为村支书之前，葛岭的茶园是一块被忽视的土地。根据下文“the village’s Party secretary”可知是作为村支书被任命，应用介词as，故填as。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：黄说：“意识到这个山谷适合种植茶叶，自2018年以来，我们改善了茶园的管理，引进了先进的种植技术，并为村民提供了培训。”设空处为主语，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Realizing。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为介词for的宾语，应用名词，根据句意可知是村民villager，可数名词，应用复数形式，表示不止一个村民，故填villagers。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次“遇见艺术家”的展览，请为你校英文报写一则评论，内容包括：
1. 展览概况；
2. 观展感受；
3. 意见建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可以适当增加细节。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition titled “Meeting Artists” held by our city’s museum. The exhibition attracted many masters and amateurs at home and abroad. Many artworks including Chinese handwriting and landscape paintings from ancient and modern times were on show. The host explained every work in details on the spot. The exhibition left a deep impression on me. In my view, it not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but strengthened our national pride as well. I hope there will be more activities like this in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一则关于刚刚参观的市博物馆举办的一次“遇见艺术家”展览的评论。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参观：visit→pay a visit to
举办：hold→throw
展览：on show→on display
详细地：in details→detailedly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition titled “Meeting Artists” held by our city’s museum.
拓展句：Last Saturday, I just visited an exhibition which was titled “Meeting Artists” held by our city’s museum.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In my view, it not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but strengthened our national pride as well.（由not only…but引导的并列句结构）
【高分句型2】I hope there will be more activities like this in the future.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“SAI BABA! Sai Baba! Sai Baba! Hahahaha!”
“Today is Shimla’s big day! We have a celebrity visiting our city! Hahahaha!” Rani’s cheekcs burned with embarrassment and tears stung her eyes as she elbowed her way to the exit through the crowd of teasing boys in the packed school bus. It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Sai Baba, after the famous Hindu holy man (印度圣人) she’d seen on TV with his trademark afro (爆炸式卷发) towering over his head.
But this time had to be the worst. Rani jumped off the school bus, angry thoughts hovering inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the drizzling rain. Why did her hair have to curl like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave Why, why. why, fumed Rani as she turned the back door key.
“Rani, is that you ” Mama called from the family room. Suddenly Rani’s cousins, Amit and Sumit, came charging toward her. “How many eggs does Rani have in that nest on her head ” screamed Amit. “Let me get that wig (假发) off Rani’s head!” shouted Sumit. Before she could think, Rani had fled out the door and went back up the road she’d walked down minutes before. Halfway up, she slid unseen behind a green curtain of bamboo. Tearing through the wild growth, she made her way down a narrow mud path into a clearing (空地). She threw her schoolbag on the ground and breathed hard.
“I hate my hair!” she cried. Collapsing on her schoolbag, she bitterly remembered the time she’d spent trying to smooth her hair in vain. Before long, she fell into a fitful sleep.
“RANI! RAA-AANI!”
Rani woke up to Mama’s calls. She sounded anxious. “I’ll never go home,” she promised herself darkly. Mama let Amit and Sumit make fun of me. Papa would never have done that. He would listen to me and stand by my side. The minutes wore on. Alone in her secret hideout, Rani watched the shadow of Mamna get longer and begin to disappear as dusk fell.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing. Rani froze. She knew about the dangerous animals—the foxes and snakes and even man-eater leopards—that lurked in the lush jungles. A shiver went down her spine. Hugging herself close, she crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. Tiny night bugs bit into her soft flesh and hunger pangs wracked her belly. Rani was tortured by such a disastrous day! She held her breath as the rustling grew louder, her eyes scanning the bushes frantically. Suddenly, the thick leaves parted, and a dark form stepped into the clearing. Rani’s heart leaping with fear, she opened her mouth to scream.
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her. Relief and joy flooded through Rani. She flung her arms around Papa and clung to him. “Rani! What’s wrong ” a visibly relieved Papa asked. Rani hesitated at first, but then broke down in tears, “I hate my hair!” She poured out everything about teasing. “And that’s not all,” Rani sobbed. “Mama even let Amit and Sumit get away with it.” Papa sighed, stroked her disheveled hair and planted a soft kiss on her forehead. “I know it’s tough being teased by those kids, but you can’t let it get to you. Look, you are beautiful just the way you are!” Papa said soothingly. Together, they sat in silence for a while, until Rani’s tears dried up and she felt ready to face the world again.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Rani因发型奇怪经常被同学取笑。今天更严重，车上的孩子们都大声喊着“SAI BABA”。回到家后Rani又被表兄弟取笑，因此生气的Rani跑出家门，并发誓不再回家，独自在空地上躺着。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“突然，树叶沙沙作响，有人或什么东西进入了空地”可知，下文可描写Rani当时的心理活动，反应和恐惧。
②根据第二段首句“下一刻爸爸就坐在她旁边”可知，下文可描写Rani把大家取笑她的事情告诉爸爸，以及爸爸对她的安慰和开导。
2.续写线索：似乎有东西进入空地——想象着各种可能的动物——非常害怕——黑影走进空地——爸爸坐到身边——Rani诉苦——爸爸安慰和开导——感悟
3.词类激活
行为类
①尖叫：scream/shrill
②哭泣：sob/cry/weep
情绪类
①感到宽慰的，放松的：relieved/relaxed
②讨厌：hate/be disgusted with
【点睛】[高分句型1]Hugging herself close, she crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]Together, they sat in silence for a while, until Rani’s tears dried up and she felt ready to face the world again.（运用了until引导的时间状语从句）2023年硚口区高三年级起点质量检测
高三英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the man pay the bill
A. By credit card. B. In cash C. By check.
2. What will the woman drink
A. Coffee. B. Coke C. Tea.
3 What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son B. Brother and sister C. Babysitter and child.
4. Why does the woman want to lose weight
A. To keep healthy. B. To fit into a dress. C. To attend a friend’s wedding.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A song B. A singer C. A radio program.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the woman
A. The man’s daughter. B. The man’s mother. C. The man’s wife.
7. What are the speakers doing
A. Making a map. B. Buying something online. C. Looking for the direction.
听第 7 段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What will the speakers do together
A. See a film. B. Read a book. C. Go on holiday.
9. What did the woman do after reading the book The Beach
A. She settled down in Thailand.
B. She traveled to a foreign country.
C. She watched the movie several times.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where are the speakers
A. At the city hall. B. At a friend’s house. C. At a tourist attraction.
11. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Show him around. B. Lend him a map. C. Explain a visiting route to him.
12. How long will the man stay at the place
A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. Five hours.
听第9段材料, 回答第13 至 16题。
13. What is the most difficult part of the work according to the man
A. The wallpaper. B. The painting. C. The electrics.
14. How did the man know the ways to build the furniture
A. His uncle taught him.
B. He watched some videos.
C. He talked with a professional.
15 How long will the current project take in total
A. Ten weeks. B. Eight weeks. C. Two weeks.
16. How will the woman probably feel after finishing the project
A. Relieved. B. Pleased. C. Depressed.
听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What influences regional food preference
A. Climate. B. Ingredients. C. Appetite.
18. What do southerners rarely eat
A. Seafood. B. Wheat. C. Meat.
19. Which country is mistakenly considered as the origin of ice cream
A. Italy. B. America. C. The UK.
20. Who invented pasta according to the speaker
A. The Chinese. B. The Italian. C. The British.
第二部分:阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节: (共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Getting to know your money personality can help you rein in your spending habits and take back control of your personal finances. Here finance saving money expert Pete Ridley at CarFinanceSaver reveals the UKs core money personalities, along with actions to adopt that reduce the negative consequences of each personality type.
The Spontaneous Spender
A spontaneous spender refers to a person that exhibits a “spend now, think later” attitude. They can find it tricky to differentiate between “need to haves” and “nice to haves”, and often feel “spender’s guilt”.
“Before you make a purchase, take time to decide whether the item is a ‘need to have’ or a ‘nice to have’. This will aid in avoiding splurges (挥霍) that provide short term satisfaction and post-spenders’ guilt.” says Ridley.
The Determined Saver
An underlying sense of worry and fear can be at the root of a persistent saver, and their determination to save disguises an overwhelming fear of money.
“Saving is great,” says Ridley, “but it’s important to regard money as a friend and not an enemy. Always be sure to make non-essential purchases. These items don’t have to be a major expense, but just enough that you acknowledge that money can be there to be enjoyed and not just put away.”
The Money=Status
This personality type can live beyond their means by making purchases that they don’t need, striving to keep up with others and saying yes to friendship plans that they cannot afford, to keep up the appearance of financial wellbeing.
“It’s here that you can adopt the 50/20/30 rule: 50 percent essential living expenses, 30 percent disposable income and 20 percent saving and paying debts,” suggests Ridley.
This will maintain financial wellbeing while helping to acknowledge that money doesn’t necessarily equal status or even impress those around you.
1. Which type of money personality is not mentioned in the text
A. Cathy struggles to check her bank balance.
B. Eden tends to spend on impulse with little pre-planning.
C. Gill demonstrates a determined saver approach to her finances.
D. Joyce buys an unaffordable luxury to boast about her financial wellbeing.
2. What does Ridley suggest people do if they are always making purchases to impress others
A. Manage your money wisely. B. Spend some money on non-essentials for joy.
C. Check your finances regularly. D. Take time to assess how much you love the items.
3. In which section of a magazine can the text be found
A. Health. B. Business. C. Finance. D. Culture.
B
During my first year in college, I was silent. I was too afraid of saying something wrong.
I declared a religion major as a sophomore and took a class from Barbara, a young theologian. My mind was split open by a range of new thinkers and writers and by the quality of Barbara’s questions, I finally had something to say and the energy to say it. I was a frequent visitor during Barbara’s office hours, a rocket of words. She listened and calmly responded, a perfect contrast to my feverish ramblings. I loved what she saw in me, which was a range of abilities I had never seen in myself. In the following years, our relationship gradually deepened, but I was always conscious of a teacher-student dynamic.
This changed fundamentally when I became a parent. I had my son in March 2010, and Barbara was one of the first to congratulate me. When, nine months later, my child was diagnosed with Tay-Sachs disease, a rare and always terminal illness with no treatment and no cure, she sent me a letter-handwritten on a white legal pad. For the next two and a half years, Barbara wrote me regular, sometimes weekly, letters, remarkable letters that are revealing, loving, and kind.
The letter written right before my son died, when he was three, was the most personal and perhaps the most profound. “I think he’s made you better by opening up the great fire of your love,” she wrote, “with his small but magnificent existence.” I have never in my life read a more deeply comforting sentence, one that spoke to my grandest hopes, my deepest fears, and the only faith that remains to me, which is a belief in chaos. Our love had bloomed and deepened from a guarded mutual respect to a richer, deeper friendship.
Mentors are meant to lead those in their charge into fresh understanding, help them sort and filter new experiences, assist in the project of making sense out of the chaos that is human life. Mentors observe and accompany the darkest despair, the wildest sorrow, and the most unexpected joy.
4. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The author took the class because she excelled1 in theology.
B. Their relationship changed significantly beyond a teacher-student mode.
C. The author was a frequent visitor to Barbara’s home after working hours.
D. Barbara’s peaceful exterior was a contrast to the author’s overexcited talk.
5. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The way Barbara treated her students. B. The fact that the author kept silent in class.
C. The role of the author as a college student. D. The relationship between Barbara and the author.
6. What transformed the relationship between Barbara and the author from a mutual respect to a deeper friendship
A. Barbara’s efforts to solve the problem.
B. Barbara’s sympathy shown in the letter.
C. The author’s in-depth understanding of Barbara.
D. Barbara’s congratulations on the birth of the author’s son.
7. What does the author think of Barbara
A. Demanding and dedicated. B. Responsible and reasonable.
C. Insightful and inspiring. D. Aggressive and ambitious.
C
Do you crave chips, pizza, donuts, or cake These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats, which make them delicious but not nutritious. A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive.
According to the research published in the journal Addiction, certain foods can trigger the same feelings as drugs. It all comes down to what’s happening in the brain. When we feel happy, it’s due to a flood of the feel-good chemical dopamine(多巴胺) in the striatum. This region is part of the brain’s reward circuit. The striatum gets a dopamine rush when something good happens. Drugs and alcohol can cause a similar high. So, it turns out, can some popular snack foods.
“We’re designed to find carbohydrates(碳水化合物) and fats,” says Ashley Gearhardt, a psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Evolving such tastes helped our ancestors “overcome famine and make sure we survive,” she explains. That critical role shaped the brain’s reward system, making us hard-wired to enjoy carbohydrates and fatty foods.
The problem isn’t with all foods containing carbohydrates and fats. Fruit is full of sugar. Oats and other whole grains have lots of carbohydrates. Nuts and meat have fat. But such unprocessed foods—eaten in a form that’s similar to how they grew—also contain other nutrients, such as fiber, that slow digestion. That limits how quickly our bodies can absorb the nutrients.
Cookies, candy, soda, fries and other highly processed foods lack those additional nutrients. Such foods contain ingredients that have been highly changed from their natural state. They’re chock full of easy-to-absorb carbohydrates and added fats. What’s more, they often contain ingredients that don’t naturally occur together. When we eat these foods, we get a quick “hit” of carbs and fats that give the brain a boost. That makes us want to eat them again and again.
8. According to the article, which types of food can be addictive
A. Fruits and grains. B. Cookies and cake.
C. Nuts and meat. D. Oats and fiber.
9. Why are humans hard-wired to enjoy carbs and fatty foods, according to the article
A. They provide quick energy. B. They helped our ancestors survive.
C. They are full of fiber. D. They contain natural sugars.
10. How does the brain react when we eat certain highly processed foods
A. It gets a boost of carbs and fats that make us feel full.
B. It slows down the digestion process.
C. It triggers the same feelings as drugs.
D. It releases feel-good chemicals that prevent addiction.
11. What is the main idea of the article
A. Certain processed foods can create addictive responses.
B. Unprocessed foods are better for you than processed foods.
C. Our brains are born to enjoy carbohydrates and fats.
D. The lack of additional nutrients in processed foods makes them unhealthy.
D
Whether we are sitting down or standing up, still or moving, body posture influences our mood. Several studies have shown this link between physical posture and mood. Others have shown a relationship between our mood and our cognitive (认知的) performance, including memory, reasoning, learning, and the speed of reaction and processing of information.
So a logical question arises. Can body posture influence our cognitive performance
Previously, a New Zealand team (University of Auckland) carried out an experiment on posture when we walk, especially in the street. The team had found a very clear influence of our posture on our mood and confidence. It appears that walking with a hunched back, bowed head and motionless arms have a negative influence on our mental state.
Indeed, the researchers found that the simple act of straightening up, standing up straight, with your head held high, and gazing forward gives us a serious boost of confidence. Not only does our spontaneous posture have a psychological effect, but by correcting it, it is possible to bring about improvement in the long term.
In this other study, this time carried out by an Austrian team (Friedrich Alexander University in Erlangen-Nuremberg), researchers observed the same phenomenon, this time in a sitting position. Young adults were invited to participate in tests presented as intended to assess their ability to concentrate. In fact, the researchers had them sit in different postures — from upright to very slumped (消沉) — in order to note their influences on mood and cognition.
A first observation indicates that “sitting upright” is associated with a better overall mood. It is also found to have a positive influence on the speed of processing information and completing tasks, although the test pass rate does not vary significantly with posture.
Finally, and surprisingly enough, blood pressure is a little more favorable in an upright position. To further complete the list of benefits of sitting upright, we will add that it is widely recommended for protecting the back in case of work that requires sitting for a long time.
12. Why does the writer mention the studies at the beginning
A. To introduce what cognitive performance is.
B. To emphasize the importance of body posture.
C. To prove the results of those studies are wrong.
D. To raise a new question to be studied and solved.
13. What does the underlined word “hunched” mean in Paragraph 3
A. Straightened. B. Bent. C. Loose. D. Solid.
14. What does the first study indicate
A. Posture influences our mental state. B. Straightening up has a negative effect.
C. Gazing upward builds up confidence. D. Walking posture is especially important.
15. What can we learn about sitting upright
A. It has mental and physical benefits. B. It helps improve the test pass rate.
C. It requires sitting for a long time. D. It increases the blood pressure.
第二节(共5 小题;每小题分 2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to accept change in life and embrace it positively
Change is the only constant in life. ____16____ Because whether we want it or not, change is inevitable. It is “change” that makes our life move forward. It’s “change” that makes life exciting and worth living. Let’s see how to stay strong when we face changes in life.
Accept the situation
Changes happen expectedly and unexpectedly. ____17____ But there can be changes that happen so suddenly that you might have to experience painful days and have a tough time coping with them. Give yourself sometime to come to terms with it. You may have to go through a mourning period where you have to experience all kinds of emotions. Let the emotions come out and make space for them. It’s normal to feel sad and a sense of loss when you think about your old life. Seek support and if possible, take a few days off to find your strength. It’s important to learn to deal with the transition phase before you fully start living the new reality.
Embrace the unknown
Most of us are afraid of the unknown and therefore are resistant to change. ____18____ Even if it is for good, we hesitate to accept change because human beings love structure and routine. But I have often experienced in my life that the “unknown” I feared so much was not that scary at all, once I went through it. And that my worries were something that my mind made up. Truth be told, most of the things I worried about didn’t happen anyway. If we are not willing to embrace the unknown, we may miss out on lots of good things that life has kept in store for us.
____19____
One of the reasons change is difficult to accept is because of the range of emotions we feel when we confront change. ____20____ Acknowledge your fears but stop yourself from being tunnel-visioned. Our mind has away of bringing up possible scenarios and fear them. But I have learned over the years that most of the things we fear don’t happen and usually, something good comes from change. I recently learned how to embrace emotions from one of my spiritual teachers. She would say, “When you feel emotions, give them a name and acknowledge that they have come to ‘visit’.”
A. Acknowledge your fears.
B. Look at how far you have come.
C. The sooner we learn to make peace with this fact, the better.
D. We fear the unknown because anything can happen to us there.
E. Expected or planned changes can buy us sometime for preparation.
F. It’s important to embrace your feelings and accept that they are there.
G. People who have experienced the loss of loved ones often talk about how that experience changed them.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was busy and often dealt with customer emails at lunch. Even fifteen minutes in the employee lunchroom seemed a ____21____. My company, like many companies, cut costs by not ____22____ people as they left. The survivors had to take up more ____23____.
For me, this ____24____ no lunch hour, plus taking work home. I wanted to ____25____, but I couldn’t until I had another job in hand. ____26____ in theory, but given how annoyed the extra hours made me feel, it was difficult to convince ____27____ employers to hire me. I felt trapped. Then a chance ____28____ with a little girl changed my perspective. The girl was ____29____ happy, standing in line with her mom at the grocery.
“Good day at school ” I asked.
A nod.
“What’s your favorite subject ”
I smiled at the answer. I _____30_____ when that had been my answer. At that time, no teachers told you what to do at lunch. We just played happily.
That brief _____31_____ left me wondering: What had happened to lunch
I knew that by law I was _____32_____ to a lunch break. So I decided to start _____33_____ it. I began to had a walk during the lunch break, which made me refreshed.
Now I’m still _____34_____ a new position but with less stressed-out urgency than before. You can’t always change your _____35_____, but you can always change your perspective.
21. A. luxury B. solution C. concern D. procedure
22. A. protecting B. reminding C. supporting D. replacing
23. A. guidance B. work C. time D. reference
24. A. represented B. proved C. meant D. designed
25. A. accept B. exchange C. quit D. agree
26. A. Independent B. Legal C. Creative D. Nice
27. A. potential B. previous C. optimistic D. influential
28. A. travel B. discovery C. cooperation D. conversation
29. A. equally B. merely C. extremely D. usually
30. A. shared B. remembered C. recorded D. checked
31. A. encounter B. trip C. stop D. summary
32 A. entitled B. exposed C. related D. suggested
33. A. evaluating B. extending C. taking D. escaping
34. A. adapting to B. looking for C. taking over D. adding to
35. A. circles B. identity C. appearance D. circumstances
第二节短文填空(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea is commonly considered native to Southern China. However, in a garden in Geling village in Metog county in the Tibet autonomous region, the morning air is filled with the sweet aroma of _____36_____ (fresh) picked tea.
Tsering Yangdron, a 25-year-old Monba, one of the ethnic groups _____37_____ live in this region, skillfully makes her way through the garden, carefully picking tender tea leaves and tossing them into a bamboo basket tied to her waist. Tea picking _____38_____ (become) a habit for her over the past five years. After she is done, Tsering Yangdron goes back home, where she also runs a homestay. “We have come up with _____39_____ dish of fresh tea buds fried with eggs,” she said. A kilogram of fresh tea buds _____40_____ (sell) for 300 yuan. Once _____41_____ (dry) and processed to make green tea, their value increases significantly.
Geling was once inaccessible as a result of the dense forests, _____42_____ the opening of the Metog highway in 2013 significantly improved connectivity and created opportunities for economic growth. Prior to Huang Jiabin’s appointment _____43_____ the village’s Party secretary, the tea plantation in Geling was a neglected piece of land.
“_____44_____ (realize) the valley was suitable for growing tea, since 2018, we have improved the management of the tea plantation, introduced advanced planting techniques and provided training for ______45______ (village),” Huang said.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你刚刚参观了你市博物馆举办的一次“遇见艺术家”的展览，请为你校英文报写一则评论，内容包括：
1. 展览概况；
2. 观展感受；
3. 意见建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可以适当增加细节。
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第二节(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“SAI BABA! Sai Baba! Sai Baba! Hahahaha!”
“Today is Shimla’s big day! We have a celebrity visiting our city! Hahahaha!” Rani’s cheekcs burned with embarrassment and tears stung her eyes as she elbowed her way to the exit through the crowd of teasing boys in the packed school bus. It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Sai Baba, after the famous Hindu holy man (印度圣人) she’d seen on TV with his trademark afro (爆炸式卷发) towering over his head.
But this time had to be the worst. Rani jumped off the school bus, angry thoughts hovering inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the drizzling rain. Why did her hair have to curl like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave Why, why. why, fumed Rani as she turned the back door key.
“Rani, is that you ” Mama called from the family room. Suddenly Rani’s cousins, Amit and Sumit, came charging toward her. “How many eggs does Rani have in that nest on her head ” screamed Amit. “Let me get that wig (假发) off Rani’s head!” shouted Sumit. Before she could think, Rani had fled out the door and went back up the road she’d walked down minutes before. Halfway up, she slid unseen behind a green curtain of bamboo. Tearing through the wild growth, she made her way down a narrow mud path into a clearing (空地). She threw her schoolbag on the ground and breathed hard.
“I hate my hair!” she cried. Collapsing on her schoolbag, she bitterly remembered the time she’d spent trying to smooth her hair in vain. Before long, she fell into a fitful sleep.
“RANI! RAA-AANI!”
Rani woke up to Mama’s calls. She sounded anxious. “I’ll never go home,” she promised herself darkly. Mama let Amit and Sumit make fun of me. Papa would never have done that. He would listen to me and stand by my side. The minutes wore on. Alone in her secret hideout, Rani watched the shadow of Mamna get longer and begin to disappear as dusk fell.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing.
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Paragraph 2:
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her.
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