2024届高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共29张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共29张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-08-20 22:29:36 | ||
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(共29张PPT)
2023高考英语阅读理解
之
词义猜测题技巧
The skills for Guessing the Meanings of Words or Phrases While Reading
Peter is very lazy and he never does his homework. He can go to a university when pigs fly.
According to the passage, “when pigs fly” means _______.
impossible
当猪在飞
2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.
According to the passage, “poultry” means ________
节约
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求:
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：
1. 理解主旨要义；
2. 理解文中具体信息；
3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；
4. 做出判读和推理；
5. 理解文章的基本结构
6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
考向3
考向2
考向1
Guess what？
How to guess？
Introduction of Some important skills
逻辑法
解释法
构词法
常识法
语境法
... ...
一、
1
Synonymy(同义)
2
Antonymy(反义)
3
Cause and effect
Logical Relation
(逻辑关系)
Skill 1
Activity 1:In pairs, discuss the sentences and guess the meanings
.
模仿
2.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.
（并列、近义关系）
傲慢的
（转折、反义关系）
3. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the
exhibitions in one day.
极大地，巨大的
（因果关系）
Your finding
1. Children often try to emulate, or copy the behavior that they see on television
逻辑关系：同义，反义，因果
by contrast/compare to/on the contrary
怎么有逻辑？
but/yet/ however /otherwise/unlike/instead/rather than...
as a result,therefore,hence, so......
and, or, also, as …as，just as, similarly
Summary
Can you list some signal words
转折：
因果 ：
对比：
并列：
signal words
Skill 2
1.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
2.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.
猜一猜：
哑剧
变戏法的人
3.You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly, Reader’s Digest, The New Yorkers.
4.We are on the night shift ——from midnight to 7 a.m.
期刊
夜班
Your finding
（下定义）
（从句）
(符号/举例）
（符号）
二、Explanation
1
Definition
2
Attributive clause
3
Examples
4
Symboles
Skill 2:有解释
Summary
like, such as, for example/instance…
怎么解释？
be/be called/be defined as/mean/refer to
that’s to say/in other words/namely…
标点符号：
从句：
Summary
是/称作、意思是：
换言之/即：
例如、像：
“_______”、 “ : ”
定从，同从
Skill 3
三、 构词法
(formation)
1
2
3
Synthesis method(合成法)
Derivation method(派生法)
Transform method(转化法)
指两个或多个单词按照一定的组合规律组合在一起，形成一个新的单词。
1.①ill-treat______ ② single-handed ______
③new-born_______ ④color-blind______
2.It’s true that lighthouse(灯塔) were built in out-of-the-way
place.
1
合成法
虐待
独自
色盲的
新生的
out of+the way
偏僻的
2
派生法
in/im- : incorrect impossible
mini- : miniskirt, minibus
re- : rewrite, reuse, reconsider
dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear,
mis-: misunderstand, mislead
fore-: foretell, forecast
over-: overwork, overcoat, overuse
通过在词根上添加前缀或后缀构造新词。一般讲前缀改变词义不变词性，后缀改变词性不变词义。（can you list some common profixes and sufixes ）
-er teacher, worker, container
-or visitor, sailor ,instructor
-tion education, satisfaction
-ment development, movement
-ion action, solution, conclusion
-ous dangerous, humorous
-ful helpful，careful
-able comfortable, acceptable
…
Common profixes：
Common sufixes：
1.Mary, of course you are overweight. You eat too much junk food. Even worse, you excercise infrequently.
2.“Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings.”
2
派生法
3
转化法（考点熟词生意）
把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变。高考中常考熟词生意,同学们注意积累，做题时也要结合语境进行检查。
1.Don’t let your personal feelings cloud your judgment.
2. He wolfed down three bowls of rice.
猜一猜：
模糊
狼吞虎咽
Practice makes perfect
随堂练习
1. She asked the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long.
2. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health.
3. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.
4. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his
mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.
A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever
修剪
有害的
全神贯注的
B
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
QQQ
Q3
纪念奖
学习大礼包
Q1
Q4
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
（6）
Choose your favorite lucky number and finish the task in it, and maybe you will get a surprise.
Game time
Q2
学习大礼包1.When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsman.
［典型例题］(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·29)
爱疯英语
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
◇ What does the underlined word “decimate” mean
C
Which kind of skills
关注such as， for example， for instance 可以通过所举事例推知前面内容!
2..…all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
A. complex. B. advanced.
C. powerful. D. modern
Which kind of skills
［典型例题］
(2018 全国卷Ⅰ C)
3.Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu aretaking onGaliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs——and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.What do the underlined words”taking on in paragraph 4 mean ”A.learning from B.looking downC.working with D.competing against［典型例题］(2021 全国卷Ⅲ)D4.But it’s a two-way street. I just heard about a thousand Shenzhen office workers who have gone to Bangalore to train in software. Meanwhile, all the Indian IT majors are setting up a strong presence in China.
What does the writer mean by “it’s a two –way street”
China and India have different traffic rules.
Tea trade works wanders in both India and China
Chinese products are popular in both China and India
The exchanges between India and China benefit both
Which kind of skills
D
（15年全国高考I卷）
Mind Map:
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费课件2020高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共20张PPT)
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费课件2020高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共20张PPT)
1.Review the skills of guessing words and phrases2. Finish the exercises(二轮复习资料相关猜测练习) HomeworkTHANK YOU!
2023高考英语阅读理解
之
词义猜测题技巧
The skills for Guessing the Meanings of Words or Phrases While Reading
Peter is very lazy and he never does his homework. He can go to a university when pigs fly.
According to the passage, “when pigs fly” means _______.
impossible
当猪在飞
2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.
According to the passage, “poultry” means ________
节约
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求:
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：
1. 理解主旨要义；
2. 理解文中具体信息；
3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；
4. 做出判读和推理；
5. 理解文章的基本结构
6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
考向3
考向2
考向1
Guess what？
How to guess？
Introduction of Some important skills
逻辑法
解释法
构词法
常识法
语境法
... ...
一、
1
Synonymy(同义)
2
Antonymy(反义)
3
Cause and effect
Logical Relation
(逻辑关系)
Skill 1
Activity 1:In pairs, discuss the sentences and guess the meanings
.
模仿
2.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.
（并列、近义关系）
傲慢的
（转折、反义关系）
3. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the
exhibitions in one day.
极大地，巨大的
（因果关系）
Your finding
1. Children often try to emulate, or copy the behavior that they see on television
逻辑关系：同义，反义，因果
by contrast/compare to/on the contrary
怎么有逻辑？
but/yet/ however /otherwise/unlike/instead/rather than...
as a result,therefore,hence, so......
and, or, also, as …as，just as, similarly
Summary
Can you list some signal words
转折：
因果 ：
对比：
并列：
signal words
Skill 2
1.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
2.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.
猜一猜：
哑剧
变戏法的人
3.You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly, Reader’s Digest, The New Yorkers.
4.We are on the night shift ——from midnight to 7 a.m.
期刊
夜班
Your finding
（下定义）
（从句）
(符号/举例）
（符号）
二、Explanation
1
Definition
2
Attributive clause
3
Examples
4
Symboles
Skill 2:有解释
Summary
like, such as, for example/instance…
怎么解释？
be/be called/be defined as/mean/refer to
that’s to say/in other words/namely…
标点符号：
从句：
Summary
是/称作、意思是：
换言之/即：
例如、像：
“_______”、 “ : ”
定从，同从
Skill 3
三、 构词法
(formation)
1
2
3
Synthesis method(合成法)
Derivation method(派生法)
Transform method(转化法)
指两个或多个单词按照一定的组合规律组合在一起，形成一个新的单词。
1.①ill-treat______ ② single-handed ______
③new-born_______ ④color-blind______
2.It’s true that lighthouse(灯塔) were built in out-of-the-way
place.
1
合成法
虐待
独自
色盲的
新生的
out of+the way
偏僻的
2
派生法
in/im- : incorrect impossible
mini- : miniskirt, minibus
re- : rewrite, reuse, reconsider
dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear,
mis-: misunderstand, mislead
fore-: foretell, forecast
over-: overwork, overcoat, overuse
通过在词根上添加前缀或后缀构造新词。一般讲前缀改变词义不变词性，后缀改变词性不变词义。（can you list some common profixes and sufixes ）
-er teacher, worker, container
-or visitor, sailor ,instructor
-tion education, satisfaction
-ment development, movement
-ion action, solution, conclusion
-ous dangerous, humorous
-ful helpful，careful
-able comfortable, acceptable
…
Common profixes：
Common sufixes：
1.Mary, of course you are overweight. You eat too much junk food. Even worse, you excercise infrequently.
2.“Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings.”
2
派生法
3
转化法（考点熟词生意）
把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变。高考中常考熟词生意,同学们注意积累，做题时也要结合语境进行检查。
1.Don’t let your personal feelings cloud your judgment.
2. He wolfed down three bowls of rice.
猜一猜：
模糊
狼吞虎咽
Practice makes perfect
随堂练习
1. She asked the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long.
2. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health.
3. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.
4. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his
mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.
A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever
修剪
有害的
全神贯注的
B
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
刮刮卡
QQQ
Q3
纪念奖
学习大礼包
Q1
Q4
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
（6）
Choose your favorite lucky number and finish the task in it, and maybe you will get a surprise.
Game time
Q2
学习大礼包1.When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsman.
［典型例题］(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·29)
爱疯英语
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
◇ What does the underlined word “decimate” mean
C
Which kind of skills
关注such as， for example， for instance 可以通过所举事例推知前面内容!
2..…all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
A. complex. B. advanced.
C. powerful. D. modern
Which kind of skills
［典型例题］
(2018 全国卷Ⅰ C)
3.Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu aretaking onGaliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs——and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.What do the underlined words”taking on in paragraph 4 mean ”A.learning from B.looking downC.working with D.competing against［典型例题］(2021 全国卷Ⅲ)D4.But it’s a two-way street. I just heard about a thousand Shenzhen office workers who have gone to Bangalore to train in software. Meanwhile, all the Indian IT majors are setting up a strong presence in China.
What does the writer mean by “it’s a two –way street”
China and India have different traffic rules.
Tea trade works wanders in both India and China
Chinese products are popular in both China and India
The exchanges between India and China benefit both
Which kind of skills
D
（15年全国高考I卷）
Mind Map:
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费课件2020高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共20张PPT)
优秀ppt公开课ppt免费课件下载免费课件2020高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共20张PPT)
1.Review the skills of guessing words and phrases2. Finish the exercises(二轮复习资料相关猜测练习) HomeworkTHANK YOU!