山大附中高三年级开学摸底测试
英语试题
8.20
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. On the railway station. B. At the bus stop. C. At the police station.
2.What did those unlucky people suffer from
A. Earthquake. B. Storm. C. Hurricane.
3.What’s the man’s favorite class
A. English Literature. B. History. C. Physics.
4.What does the woman want to talk about with the man
A. English Learning. B. Western culture. C. How to paint.
5.What did the woman do for Mrs. Brown
A. Paid back the money. B. Painted walls. C. Walked her dog.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6.What happened to the man
A. He lost his car keys. B. He locked his car at the airport.
C. He locked his keys in his car.
7.How will the woman help him
A. She will lend him her car. B. She will drive him home for the spare keys.
C. She will drive him to the airport.
所第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8.How are the speakers keeping in touch now
A. Face to face. B. On the Internet. C. On the phone.
9.Who has the woman got in touch with
A. Mark, Paul and Barbara. B. Mary, Paul and Barbara. C. Mark, Carl and Crystal.
10.Where is Crystal now
A. In Boston. B. In Washington. C. In Huston.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
12.Where are the man’s glasses
A. In the bathroom. B. On his nose. C. In his pocket.
13.What impressed the man most about his forgetfulness
A. He went fishing without taking the fishing pole.
B. He went fishing the day he had his wedding.
C. He went out without having pants on.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。
14.What are the speakers talking about
A. How to recycle. B. Why to recycle. C. What to be recycled.
15.How does the woman recycle newspapers
A. By cleaning tables. B. By wrapping bottles and cans.
C. By starting a fire for her fireplace.
16.What do we know about the man
A. He will take useless things to the recycling centre.
B. He often warms himself with a fireplace.
C. He washes his windows twice a year.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17.What is the speech about
A. A concert . B. A new class. C. A special group.
18.How often will they meet each week
A. Twice. B. Five times. C. Seven times.
19.What will a person do if he wants to join the club
A. Give a speech. B. Anyone can join if they like. C. Pay some money.
20.When will the committee of the club come into being
A. This evening. B. Several days later. C. At the next meeting.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rome can be (66)pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $ 25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the (67)best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls, and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too: it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10- minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21. What may travelers greatly care about when choosing to stay in a hostel
A. Price. B. Position C. Comfort. D. Safety
22.Which hostel is the most suitable for people who enjoy an active social life
A. Youth Station Hostel B. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
C. Yellow Hostel. D. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
23.What is the downside of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It's inconveniently located. D. It has no free Wi-Fi.
B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I (68)stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had (69)unthinkingly bought way to much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him, it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C, which (70)recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals (71)down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing Waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24. What does the author want to prove by telling the arugula story
A. We pay no attention to food waste.
B. We have good reasons for wasting food.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat.
D. We waste food unintentionally sometimes .
25. What is a result of food waste according to the text
A. Environmental damage. B. Moral decrease.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
26. What does Curtin’s company do
A. It produces kitchen equipment.
B. It makes meals by using unwanted food.
C. It helps local farmers to grow fruits.
D. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
27. What does Curtin propose people do
A. Reduce food consumption.
B. Purchase only what is needed.
C. Go shopping once a week.
D. Eat in restaurants less often.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly (72)intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what (73)traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28. What is the purpose of the book
A. To teach critical thinking skills. B. To promote the use of a digital device.
C.To tackle philosophical problems. D. To advocate a simple digital lifestyle.
29. Which word has the similar meaning with the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Add-on. B. Clear-up.. C. Check-out. D. Take-over.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Historical analyses. B. Practical examples.
C. Statistical methods. D. Theoretical models.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Employ them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Assess their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
D
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of (74)solar panels installed（安装）has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment（InSPIRE）project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators（传粉昆虫）.
Habitat loss, (75)pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
32. What do solar developers often pay little attention to
A. The quick installation of cheap solar panels.
B. The rising cost of building solar farms.
C. The passive influence of installing solar panels.
D. The decline in the demand for solar energy.
33. What does InSPIRE intend to do
A. Make solar projects land-friendly.
B. Find new ways of controlling weeds.
C. Improve the productivity of local farms.
D. Reduce the use of solar energy in rural areas.
34. Why have over 28 states passed laws in the U.S.
A. To restrict business development. B. To protect pollinators.
C. To stop climate change D. To increase the supply of energy.
35. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the text
A. InSPIRE: To Leave or to Stay B. Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C. Solar Farms: A New Development D. Pollinators: A Leader in Agriculture
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2022新高考II 阅读D改编)
As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s.____36____
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. _____37_____ Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. _____38_____The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” _____39_____.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
_____40______But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
A. That’s what happens to the heart.
B. For the people who are in their 80s,the sign is not apparently.
C. Dr. Nieca Goldberg, says Levine’s findings are a great start.
D. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
E. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
F. But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
G. Participants were randomly divided into two groups.
第三部分 语言运用及基础检测（共三节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP（Pilots N Paws）website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them.
It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41. A. budget B. turn C. link D. schedule
42. A. accommodation B. feed C. transportation D. treat
43. A. casually B. extremely C. privately D. originally
44. A. seemed B. happened C. proved D. showed
45. A. waited B. failed C. hurried D. offered
46. A. send off B. look after C. pick up D. turn over
47. A. nervous B. annoyed C. moved D. amazed
48. A. normal B. beneficial C. difficult D. fortunate
49. A. colleague B. passenger C. neighbor D. stranger
50. A. take off B. work out C. come back D. speed up
51. A. load B. throw C. change D. feed
52. A. leave B. join C. contact D. serve
53. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. uneventful D. unavoidable
54. A. returned B. flew C. fought D. agreed
55. A. grateful B. generous C. honored D. sympathetic
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My husband, our children and I 56.__________ (have) wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 57__________ (memory) are funny, especially from the early years 58__________ our children were little. Once, we camped along Chalk Creek. I was worried that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So instead of 59.__________ (tie) him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It worked--he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented 60.__________ boat in a Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, 61.__________ storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our 62.__________ (peace) morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing 63.__________ (start) the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No luck. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 64.__________ (helpless), a fisherman pulled up, 65.__________ (throw) us a rope and towed(拖) us back. We were safe.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next.
第三节：词汇检测：(每小题0.5分，共5分，出自本套试卷阅读语篇,根据语境写出单词的汉语意思)
A篇： (66)pricey adj.______________ (67)best-rated adj.___________
B篇： (68) stick v._______________ (69)unthinkingly adv. ___________
(70)recover v. ____________ (71)down the road.________
C篇： (72)intolerable adj.__________ (73) trap n.____________
D篇： (74)solar panel _____________ (75)pesticide use _____________
第四节：佳句默写(每小题2分，共10分)
76.正是小小的善举起了重要的作用。
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77.这次展览不仅拓宽了我对中国文化的知识，而且丰富了我的课后生活。
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78.要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到友谊的重要性。
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79.我写信真诚地邀请你这个夏天去我的家乡，品味我们家乡当地文化和风俗习惯。我相信你会喜欢呆这儿并度过一个美好的时光。
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80.我听说你与别人交流有困难我深感遗憾。以下是我的建议，对你肯定有很大帮助。
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第四部分：读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time. she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jell to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner an he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意:
1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. ________
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up._______________
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英语试题答案
第一部分、听力（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
听力答案：1-5 CAABC 6-10 CBCAA 11-15 CBBAC 16-20 ACBBC
听力原文
第一节
（Text 1)
W: Officer, my purse was stolen on the bus just now.
M: Tell me more about the situation at that time carefully, OK
（Text 2)
W: Who will attend the party this evening
M: Some famous film stars and singers. They will raise some money for those unlucky people suffering from the earthquake.
W: They are so kind.
（Text 3)
M: What's your favorite class at school
W: I like history best. What about you
M: English Literature.
（Text 4)
W: Excuse me, Mr. Smith, I want to have a talk with you about western culture after class. Can you spare me some time
M: Sure. Please come to my painting room at 4: 30.
（Text 5)
W: Hi, David. I'm returning the money you lent me last week.
M: Mrs. Brown has paid you for walking her dog
W: Yeah, and I've earned enough for an MP4 because I painted all the wall for John.
第二节
（Text 6)
W: What's wrong, Peter
M: Can you believe this I locked my keys in the car and I have to go to the airport to pick up my aunt.
W: So, what are you going to do
M: I don't know. Do you think I could borrow your car for a few hours
W: I'm sorry, I really need it this afternoon.
M: Well could you drive me home then I have spare keys there.
W: That's no problem.
M: Do you have a quarter for the phone My wallet's in the car, too.
W:W: Here you are. Anything else
M: No, that's it. I really appreciate it.
（Text 7)
W: Hi, Victory, Carol speaking. Have you seen the e-mail about a get-together of cur classmates in the university
M: A get-together God. We graduated ten years ago. How time flies!
W: Yeah, we are only busy with ourselves and we are living in different cities. I only get in touch with some on the Internet.
M: It's a good idea, but we should try all kinds of means to find all ahead of time.
W: Right, and I we plan to meet before the New Year's Day, I have got in touch with Mark, Paul and Barbara. Can you offer any useful information for me now
M: I know Crystal is working in a language training center in Boston and we called each other last week.
（Text 8)
M: Have you seen my glasses I can't find them anywhere.
W: Go in the bathroom and look in the mirror.
M: You mean I've got them on. How could that be
W: You're the most absent-minded person I've ever met.
M: I can't deny it. I would lose my head if it weren't placed on my shoulders.
W: I'll never forget the time you went fishing and forgot to take your fishing pole.
M: I won't forget it either, but that's not the most memorable example of my forgetfulness.
W: How about the time you started to leave without having any pants on
M: No, that's not it.
W: I'm tired of guessing, tell me.
M: You never would have guessed. Well, anyway, the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead.
（Text 9)
W: Eddy, do you recycle
M: No, I don't. I don't know how. I need help with figuring out the way to reuse things.
W: Then you are asking the right person. I recycle newspapers, plastic water bottles, juice bottles and cans.
M: Really Tell me how you recycle your newspapers.
W: Many ways. I recycle my newspapers by using then to wash windows, wrap presents and fire for our fireplace.
M: But I don't have a fireplace.
W: Then you can send your used newspapers to the recycling centre. You know, old newspapers can be recycled and made into newspapers again.
M: Yes, at least I can save some trees.
（Text 10)
M: Good evening! Thank you for coming to this meeting, I want to tell you about the Music Club. This is a new club for students who like music. Anyone can join.
The Music Club will meet every day after class. It will met in the library.
On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays we will listen to CDs that other club members bring to the meetings. There will be many different kinds of music. Club members will talk about the people who have written and performed the music. On Tuesdays and Thursdays club members will perform their own music. Many students here can sing or play musical instruments. The Music Club will give them a chance to perform in front of other students.
The Music Club will have a committee. At the next meeting we will choose the members of this committee. This committee will decide the program for the club-what CDs we will play and who will perform.
第二部分：阅读理解：
A篇：21. A 22.D 23. D
语篇类型:应用文 主题语境:人与社会—旅游广告—罗马旅社信息
文章大意:出于价格考虑,许多游客去罗马旅行时选择住在旅社。本文主要介绍了罗马市较好的四家旅社。
21.A 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社)"可知,游客去罗马旅行时选择住在旅社主要是出于价格方面的考虑，故A项正确。
22.D 理解具体信息 根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分中的"If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome"可知,喜欢社交生活的游客最适宜住在 Hostel Alessandro Palace,所以D项正确。
23.D 理解具体信息 根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes 部分中的"However，you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi"可知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes不好的地方在于使用无线网需要额外交费,故D项正确。 talkative"健谈的,爱说话的";charge for" 收……费用"。
B篇: 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。
【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。
【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物.
C篇：28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选D。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. (这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”及step away from的含义可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. (在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. (你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式)”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
D篇：32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。
【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选C项。
【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选A项。
【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选B项。
【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选C项。
七选五：36-40： D A G F C
完形填空：41-45： ACBBD 46-50： CACDB 51-55：ACCBA
语法填空：
56. have spent 57.memories 58. when 59. tying 60.a
61. but 62. peaceful 63. to start 64. helplessly 65.threw
这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了与丈夫和孩子的两次露营经历，在快乐与惊险中体会快乐的家庭生活。
56.【解析】have spent。考查现在完成时。句意：我的先生，我的孩子们以及我在过去的十年中有过很棒的露营经历。根据时间状语over the past ten years.，用现在完成时have spent。
57.【解析】memories。考查名词复数形式。句意: 我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在我们的孩子很小的时候。根据后面系动词are和主谓一致原则判定主语应该用复数形式，故用memories。
58.【解析】when。考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在我们的孩子很小的时候。此处用when来引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的the early years。
59.【解析】tying。考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。本句介词of之后应该用动名词形式，故用tying。
60.【解析】a。考查冠词。句意：还有一次，我们在湖里租了一艘船。此处表示随便租了一艘船，表泛指，而boat又是以辅音因素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。
61.【解析】but。考查转折连词。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但是转眼间山中暴风雨来势汹汹，这种天气很快中断了我们平静的清晨之旅。出发时天气晴朗，后面转眼间山中暴风雨来势汹汹，明显两者之间存在转折关系，故用but表转折。
62.【解析】peaceful。考查词性转换形容词的用法。这迅速中断了我们平静的旅程，morning trip名词前应为peaceful（平静的）的早晨，所以用形容词形式。
63.【解析】to start。考查动词不定式。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动游船的马达。此处表示停下来去干另一件事，故用to do不定式形式，即to start。
64.【解析】helplessly。考查副词。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子，把我们拖了回来。根据句意可知，我们无助地地坐在那里，此处需用副词来修饰动词sat，故用helplessly。
65.【解析】threw。考查时态。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子，把我们拖了回来。本句中pulled up和towed 都是一般过去时，又有and表并列，故用threw来构成连动句，一主多谓。
词汇检测：
A篇：(66)pricey adj.昂贵的 (67)best-rated adj. [合成词] 评价最高的
B篇：(68) stick v.放置，摆放 (69)unthinkingly adv. 轻率地
(70)recover v. 回收 (71)down the road 在将来
C篇：(72)intolerable 无法忍受的 (73) trap 困境
D篇：(74)solar panel 太阳能电池板 (75) pesticide use 农药使用
佳句默写：
1. It is the small act of kindness that makes a great difference.
2. Not only does the exhibition widen my knowledge about Chinese culture, but also it enriches my after-class life.
3. But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized the importance of friendship.
4. I am writing to sincerely invite you to my hometown this summer and taste our local culture and customs. I believe you’ll enjoy staying here and have a good time.
5. I am terribly sorry to hear that you have trouble communicating with others. Here are my suggestions/My suggestions are as follows, which are bound to be of great help to you.
读后续写
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是Jenna和Jeff这对双胞胎兄妹为了在母亲节早上给母亲惊喜而精心策划并制作早餐的故事;他们克服困难，永不放弃，折射的是他们对母亲的拳拳之爱。
范文一：
Paragraph 1:
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Knowing what they were preparing for, he was greatly surprised. So immediately, he offered to get involved in the kids’ job. Firstly, he put the pot of porridge on a gentle heat asking Jeff to watch out for it going for fifteen minutes. And then he asked Jenna to break another two eggs and mix them with milk. With all preparations done, they started to fry bread together. In a flash sweet smell filled the air in the kitchen. To their delight，the breakfast was a success in the end.
Paragraph 1:
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. Eyes opened the woman heard a harmonious “Happy Mother’s Day" from her twin kids with hot, sweet breakfast before her. Behind the children stood their father. To shed light on the game of the gift, he told the mother the whole story. After learning about what happened, she rose quickly to gaze at the boy’s hand with moved tears rolling down her cheeks.“Thank you, my honey!” said the mother.
范文二：
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Seeing the mess in the kitchen, he immediately understood what had happened, but he wasn’t upset. Instead, he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand, and then set out to help them clean up the mess, throwing away the burnt toast. Next, they began to make breakfast, and by now the twins looked cheerful. Before long, the porridge was ready. Their father instructed them to fry the rest of the bread. Soon, the breakfast was ready, too.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. Opening her eyes, she couldn’t believe what she had seen. Before she could ask any question, their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast, and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast. Disbelief gave way to excitement and pride. Hugging them in her arms, she said," Thank you, children. It’s such an unforgettable Mother's Day for me."
英语试题 第12页 共12页
