Unit 1 Teenage Life Discovering Useful Structures—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
名词短语
名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系:一是放在被修饰名词的前面,叫做前置定语或定语;二是放在被修饰名词的后面,叫做后置定语。名词短语可以在句中充当主语、宾语、宾补等。
例如:a beautiful campus
形容词短语
两个或多个形容词可以由 and, but等并列连词连接,构成形容词短语。very, enough等程度副词作修饰语,可与形容词构成形容词短语。介词及其宾语可用在形容词后作修饰语,可与形容一起构成形容词短语。不定式在形容词后作修饰语,与形容词一起构成形容词短语。形容词短语可作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。
例如:very suitable
副词短语
两个或多个副词可以由and, but等对等连词连接构成副词短语。very, quite, extremely等程度副词作修饰语,可与其他副词构成副词短语。介词及其宾语可用在副词后修饰副词,可与副词构成副词短语。副词短语可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词等,主要在句中作状语,表示时间、地点、方式等意义,还可作表语、定语、宾补等。
例如:very quickly
二、自我检测
1.Authorities look to stop y__________ from trolling fans(追星), overspending on stars.
2.Tom admits that playing video games sometimes d _________him from his homework.
3.I sincerely wish more foreigners have the opportunity to a__________ into little known places in China.
4.The four countries ________(属于) to the United Kingdom.
5.The hospital has a new system to help __________(提供) the best service for the patients.
6.After the exam, I____________(退离)from people, becoming unusually reserved.
7.When the sky ________ ________(放晴), the sun began to shine.
8.The man________(缺乏勇气)to overcome difficulties.
9.The lady was ________(难堪)when the interviewer asked her to say something about her working experience.
答案及解析
1.youth
【解析】考查名词。句意:当局希望阻止年轻人追星,并在明星身上过度花钱。由stop sb from doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”可知,该空为人;youth意为“青年人”,是青年人的总称,集合名词,通常用作单数形式,故填youth。
2.distracts##istracts
【解析】考查动词。句意:汤姆承认,打电子游戏有时候会让他分心,不能认真写作业。根据句子结构和首字母提示可知,这里考查“使分心”对应的动词distract。因主语是动名词短语“playing video games”,所以谓语动词要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填distracts。
3.adventure
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:我真诚地希望更多的外国人有机会到中国不为人知的地方去探险。短语have the opportunity to do …“有机会做……”,因此所填词是动词原形;根据所给首字母,应是动词adventure,意思为“冒险”。 故填adventure。
4.belong
【解析】考查动词,时态。句意:这四个国家属于联合王国。根据句子结构可知,句子缺谓语;陈述客观事实,谓语动词用一般现在时态;根据汉语提示,“属于”表达为不及物动词belong,主语The four countries为复数,谓语动词应用动词原形。故填belong。
5.provide
【解析】考查动词。句意:这家医院有一个新的系统来帮助为病人提供最好的服务。结合汉语提示可,provide提供,动词,help do sth帮助做某事,此处用动词原形。故填provide。
6.withdrew
【解析】考查动词。句意:考试后,我退离了人群,变得特别沉默寡言。根据汉语提示和下文“becoming unusually reserved变得特别沉默寡言”可知,“我”不愿说话,因而就会“退离”人群,动词withdraw表示 “退出;撤离”,短语withdraw from people表示“退离人群”,符合句意,由句意可知,本句表述过去发生的事,因而用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填withdrew。
7. cleared up
【解析】考查动词和时态。句意:当天空放晴时,太阳开始照耀。根据句意和汉语提示,设空处应用动词clear up;根据句子结构,主句谓语began,故从句也用一般过去时。故填cleared up。
8.lacks courage/is lacking in courage
【解析】考查动词。句意:那个男人缺乏勇气来克服困难。根据汉语提示“缺乏勇气”,lack/be lacking in “缺乏”,courage“勇气”,陈述一般事实用一般现在时,故填入lacks courage或is lacking in courage。
9.put on the spot/embarrassed
【解析】考查短语或形容词。句意:当面试官要求这位女士谈谈她的工作经历时,她感到很难堪。根据汉语提示可知,短语 put on the spot表示“使处于困境”,形容词embarrassed表示“尴尬的”,两者都符合句意。故填put on the spot/embarrassed。
2Unit 1 Teenage Life Reading and Thinking—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
1.n.&vt.挑战 ______________
2.adj.迷惑的 ______________
3.adj.流利的 ______________
4.v.毕业 n.毕业生 ______________
5.vt.建议;推荐 ______________
6.报名(参加课程) ______________
7.适应 ______________
8.adv.显然地 ______________
9.对……负责 ______________
二、自我检测
1. Since his parents died early, he had to earn his own living when he was a ________ (teenage).
2. There are lots of people there who can ________ (actual) help you.
3. A survey showed people were________ (confuse) about what they should eat to stay healthy.
4. He spoke three languages ________ (fluent).
5. I recommend that he ________ (see) a lawyer.
6. This is one of the greatest scientific ________ (advance) of the 20th century.
7. They ________ (obvious) appreciate your help very much.
8. Someone had to give orders and take ________ (responsible) for mistakes.
9. ________ (read) in bed is bad for your eyes.
10. Ill give you all the facts so ________ you can judge yourself.
答案及解析
challenge
confuse
fluent
graduate
recommend
6. sign up for
7. get used to
8. obviously
9. be responsible for
二、
1. teenager
2. actually
3. confused
4. fluently
5. see
6. advances
7. obviously
8. responsiblity
9. reading
10. That
2Unit 1 Teenage Life Reading for Writing—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
1)adventure n.冒险;奇遇(短语)
2)survival n. 生存,幸存,幸存事物
3)expert n.专家,行家adj.熟练的,内行的
4)attract vt.吸引;引起……的注意
5)focus vi.集中注意力;
6)addicted adj.成瘾的;入迷的
7)make it +adj. + 不定式
8)too…to 意为“太……以至于不”
9)This/That/It is because…句型意为“这/那是因为……”
二、自我检测
1.He is only 24 years old and a drug a________.
2.In general, there is a g________ gap between the children and their grandparents.
3.Children need a close physical contact with a caring a__________.
4.I am determined to _______________(专注) all my energy on study.
5.There are some cakes and grapes on the ________ (盘子) at the party.
6.As we all know, many teenagers are ______(沉溺) to computer games.
7.I thought the best way to i_____________ (提高) my French was to live in France.
8.What a________(吸引) me most to the job was the chance to travel abroad.
9.I feel that it is my duty to _________________(给出关于……的建议)
答案及解析
1.addict
【解析】考查名词的数。句意:他只有24岁,是个瘾君子。结合不定冠词a可知,用单数名词addict作表语。故填addict。
2.generation
【解析】考查名词。句意:一般来说,孩子和祖父母之间有代沟。根据句意和首字母,设空处应用名词generation,意为“代”,名词短语generation gap,意为“代沟”,generation作gap的定语。故填generation.
3.adult【解析】考查名词。句意:孩子们需要和照看他们的成年人有亲密的身体接触。由空前的a可知应填名词单数,作宾语,结合句意及首字母提示可知,adult成年人,符合题意。故填adult。
4.concentrate
【解析】考查动词原形。句意:我决心把全部精力集中在学习上。根据汉语提示“专注”可知应填动词concentrate或focus,且上文为短语be determined to do。故填concentrate/focus。
5.plate【解析】
数。句意:聚会上的盘子里有一些蛋糕和葡萄。根据汉语提示“盘子”可知,空格处涉及单词“plate”,意为“盘子”,为可数名词,根据空格前定冠词“the”可知,应用“plate”的单数形式。故填plate。
6.addicted
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我们都知道,许多青少年沉迷于电脑游戏。根据句意及汉语提示可知,应填入形容词addicted作表语,并构成固定搭配be addicted to,意为“沉溺于”。故填addicted。
7.improve
【解析】
考查动词。句意:我认为提高我法语的最好方法是住在法国。the best way to do sth.做某事的最佳办法,固定搭配,所以空处需用动词原形;结合汉语提示和首字母i可知,improve提高,动词,符合题意。故填improve。
8.attracted
【解析】考查动词和时态。句意:这份工作最吸引我的地方是有机会出国旅行。“What a________(吸引) me most to the job”是主语从句,从句中缺少谓语,且由主句的系动词was可知,句子描述的是过去的事,应用一般过去时,所以此处应用attract的过去式attracted。故填attracted。
9.make some suggestions concerning
【解析】考查固定短语。短语make some suggestions concerning“就……提出建议;给出关于……的建议”,故填make some suggestions concerning。