Welcome Unit Reading for Writing—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
1. curious adj.好奇的
2. personality n.人格
3. style n.风格
4. revise v.修订；复习
5.写个人简介
个人简介是向别人展示自己的一个途径。个人简介属于记叙文的范畴，一般要求能用简明的语言把要介绍的情况按照逻辑顺序一一讲明。但要注意个人简介是介绍自己，以第一人称为主，通常用一般现在时。有些题目中会给出一个具体的名字，故写作时不能再给文中的人物另取名字。
A.个人简介的结构特征
写个人简介时，首先应写出自己的姓名、年龄、所在的学校、班级等基本信息；然后介绍你最想让别人知道的关于你的信息，比如自己的性格、最喜欢的科目、学习风格、爱好、未来计划和梦想等；另外可以加入一些其他信息，如国籍、地址、联系方式等；最后对以上内容进行总结或表达自己的美好愿望等。
在选择内容时，可以根据自己的情况酌情处理，但避免就某一件事或某一项成就作过多的解释或细节描述。形式上可以丰富多彩，除了文字介绍，还可以使用照片、名人名言等引起别人的兴趣。
B.个人简介的语言特点
简介需要用简明扼要的语言让别人了解自己并给人留下深刻印象。写个人简介时表达出自己的真实情况，给他人呈现出一个真实的自我，无须过多华丽的辞藻。写作时应注意连词的使用，表达应符合英语习惯，符合语法结构。
C.常用表达
1. My name is… /I'm ...
2. I'm … years old.
3. I'm a high school student.
4. I come from/I'm from ...
5. I'm a … person
6. My favorite subject is ...
7. My hobby is ...
8. I like to … in my spare time.
9. I plan to … in the future
10. My dream is to...
自我检测
1.Looking up, I saw their eyes fixed on me _____ curiosity.
2.All music clubs have a personality _____ their own.
3.Her clothes are always _____ style.
4.I plan to become _____ engineer after I graduate from college.
5.If I'm not in class, I'm either in the library _____ in the computer lab.
6.假定你是李华,暑期在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者,内容包括:
1.写信目的;
2.个人优势;
3.能做的事情。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案及解析
1.答案：with
2.答案：of
3.答案：in
4.答案：an
5.答案：or
6.答案：
Dear Sir,
I'm Li Hua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team for the Chinese painting exhibition to be held in this city. I have some advantages for the job.
Firstly, having lived in China for sixteen years and learnt English since I was a child, I can speak English and Chinese freely. Besides, having a good knowledge of Chinese paintings, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about them. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
2Welcome Unit Reading and Thinking—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
1. anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的
2. annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的
3. frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的
4. impression n．印象；感想
5. concentrate vi.& vt. 集中(注意力)；聚精会神
6. leave ...alone不打扰；不惊动
7. explore vt.& vi.探索；勘探
8. confident adj. 自信的；有把握的
9. What if ... 要是……会怎么样呢？
10. find＋sb/sth＋宾语补足语 "发现……处于……状态"
二、自我检测
1. Going to hospital can be very ______(frighten) for a child.
2. It was quite _______ (annoy) that my laptop kept shutting itself down.
3. His behaviour was really _____ (annoy), and his mother got _____ (annoy) at it.
4. Before _____ (graduate),students exchange wishes with each other.
5. You should concentrate your attention _____ your homework.
6. He couldn't fall asleep because of the _____ (annoy) noises.
7. There is obvious _____ (anxious) before the exam.
8. Her brother is senior _____ her by 10 years.
9. He is a famous dress _____ (design).
10. His first speech as president made a strong _____ (印象) on people.
答案及解析
1.答案：frightening
解析：考查词性转化。句意:对一个孩子来说, 进医院是很可怕的。表示"令人害怕的"要用frightening。
2.答案：annoying
解析：考查形容词。句意:我的笔记本电脑一直自动关机, 真让人恼火。annoying令人恼火的; annoyed感到恼火的。
3.答案：annoying; annoyed
4.答案：graduation
5.答案：on
6.答案：annoying
7.答案：anxiety
8.答案：to
9.答案：designer
10.答案：impression
2Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
1).单词、短语
1.forward adv. 向前; 前进adj. 向前的; 前进的; 未来的;
2.analyse vt.分析
3.structure n. 结构; 构造vt.精心组织
4.underlinevt.强调; 在(词语等下)画线 n.字下线
5.look forward to 盼望，期待
6. come out 出现；显露
come up with 想出；提出
come across 偶遇
2).语法
A.句子的基本成分
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的位置和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。
1．主语(Subject)：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句充当，置于句首。
I go to school by bus.
我乘公共汽车上学。
The students are playing volleyball now.
现在学生们正在打排球。
To read in the sun is bad for your eyes.
在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
That you forgot to tell me the time for meeting caused me lots of trouble.
你忘了告诉我开会的时间，给我惹了不少麻烦。
2．谓语(Verb)：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
She likes drawing.
她喜欢绘画。
I go to school at 8 a．m.on Mondays.
星期一上午八点我去上学。
3．表语(Predicative)：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词、动词不定式或从句等充当。
常见的系动词有：be，become，appear，seem，look，sound，feel，get，smell等。
I am a teacher.
我是一名教师。
You look younger than before.
你看起来比以前更年轻了。
My job is to teach them English.
我的工作是教他们英语。
4．宾语(Object)：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句充当，位于动词之后。
They help the poor during the winter.
他们在冬天帮助穷人。
She likes to sleep in the open air.
她喜欢在户外睡觉。
She enjoys living in China.
她喜欢在中国生活。
5．宾语补足语(Object complement)：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、不定式、分词、形容词等充当。
The teacher allowed him to go home.
老师允许他回家。
I saw you stand(ing) at the door.
我看见你站在门口。
I found it difficult to work out the math problem.
我发现计算出这道数学题很难。
We call him Lao Li.
我们称他老李。
名师点津
两种结构中的宾语补足语形式
(1)“动词＋形式宾语it＋adj./n.”常见的这类动词有：think，consider，feel，find，make。
(2)“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语(省略to的不定式，现在分词和过去分词)”，当此结构用于被动语态时，已省略的不定式符号to要还原。
6．定语(Attributive)：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及从句等充当，位置可在所修饰的词之前，也可在所修饰的词之后。
The black schoolbag is mine.
黑色书包是我的。
They made paper flowers.
他们做了纸花。
The boys in the room are in Class Three，Grade One.
房间里的男孩们是一年级三班的。
I have something to tell you.
我有事情要告诉你。
7．状语(Adverbial)：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或从句等充当。
He works very hard.
他工作很努力。
She is lying in the bed thinking.
她躺在床上思考。
按照要求，写出下列句子中的成分
①I enjoy helping others.(主语： I )
②My dream is possible！(表语： possible )
③All things are possible for me.(状语： for me )
④Do you have anything to say？(定语： to say )
⑤We classmates work very hard.(同位语： classmates )
⑥We should protect the environment.(宾语： the environment )
⑦No one can make me change my mind.(宾语补足语： change my mind )
⑧I always treat others with kindness.(谓语： treat )
B. 八种基本句型
1．SV(主语＋谓语)
谓语动词为不及物动词，不跟宾语，但可以跟时间、地点、方式等状语，常见的动词(词组)有sleep，walk，swim，happen(take place)，go，come，work，laugh，stay，arrive，rise，rain，run，fly等。
They laughed.
他们大笑。
2．SVO(主语＋谓语＋宾语)
谓语动词均为及物动词，常见的动词有like，love，want，stop，hope，help，refuse，finish，eat，have，appreciate，water，make等。
(2019·浙江高考)Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy.
有些好的学校没有校服政策。
I enjoy working with you.
我喜欢和你一起工作。
I hope to see you again.
我希望再次见到你。
3．SP(主语＋系动词＋表语)
谓语动词均为系动词，常见的系动词有：be，keep，look，feel，smell，sound，taste，grow，get，go，turn，become，seem，appear等。
(2019·浙江高考)School uniforms are traditional in Britain.
在英国校服是传统的。
Tom looks thin.
汤姆看起来瘦。
The food smells delicious.
这食物闻起来很香。
4．SVIODO(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)
通常情况下，间接宾语(通常指人)位于直接宾语(通常指物)的前面，但有时根据需要，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时要在间接宾语前加to或for。常用于该句型的动词有give，show，send，bring，read，pass，lend，leave，hand，tell，return，write，throw，make，buy，do，get，order，sing，pay等。
I gave her a present.
＝I gave a present to her.
我给了她一件礼物。
I bought him a pen.
＝I bought a pen for him.
我给他买了一支钢笔。
5．SVOOC(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
宾语补足语部分可以为形容词、名词、不定式、分词等形式。常用于该句型的动词(短语)有call，name，make，think，find，leave，see，watch，look at，listen to，hear，feel，let，have，get，keep，allow，need，want，ask等。其中宾语与宾语补足语统称为复合宾语。
We call him Jack.
我们叫他杰克。
I found the movie interesting.
我觉得这部电影很有意思。
They asked me to help them.
他们让我帮助他们。
名师点津
需要添加的不定式符号
当“感官动词或使役动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中的宾语补足语是省略to的动词不定式且用于被动语态时，省略的to要再添加上。例如：My mother made me wash dishes.→I was made to wash dishes by my mother.
6．SVA(主语＋谓语＋状语)
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly.
在操场上的所有足球选手都大声欢呼起来。
The children stayed in the room.
孩子们待在房间里。
He runs slowly in the park every day.
每天他在公园里慢跑。
7．SVOA(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语)
You can put the plate here.
你能把盘子放在这儿。
He speaks English very well.
他英语说得非常好。
8．There be...(there＋系动词．..)
There be后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构，且动词除be外，还有：lie，stand，used to be，seem to be，appear to be等。
There is a book and two cups on the table.
桌子上有一本书和两个杯子。
There are some apples in the bowl.
碗里有一些苹果。
名师点津
There be句型的就近原则
There be句型中的be动词的形式应和其后紧挨着的主语一致，即“就近原则”。
句型中动词be可以为一般现在时，一般过去时，将来时和完成时。
自我检测
（一）选词填空
look forward to; take notes; at the same time; come true; a flash of; concentrate on; make a/an...impression; leave...alone
1._____ lightning lit everything up in a second.
2._____ while listening to the lectures will help you better understand them.
3. The naughty child _____ deep _____ on the teacher.
4. Her dream to enter the famous university _____.
5. You can do anything you want, but not everything _____.
6. I wish everyone would stop troubling me and just _____ me _____.
7. He was determined to forget about the sad past and _____ the present.
8. Please tell your brother that I will _____ meeting him.
（二）标出下列各句中所包含的句子成分
1．Last week I went to the supermarket.
2．The play was very interesting.
3．I can’t hear a word.
4．They were talking loudly.
5．He has visited a great number of places in Australia.
6．She makes her mother angry.
（三）用给出的句型翻译下列句子
①会议九点开始。(S＋V)
②他们喜欢听古典音乐。(S＋V＋O)
③天气渐渐冷了。(S＋P)
④我下次把那本书给你带来。(S＋V＋IO＋DO)
⑤他听见一个女人在那边哭。(S＋V＋O＋C)
⑥今年，我们这里已经有好几所私立学校了。(There be)
答案及解析
（一）
答案：1.A flash of 2.Taking notes 3.made a; impression 4.came true 5.at the same time 6.leave; alone 7.concentrate on 8.look forward to
（二）
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6.
（三）
1. The meeting begins at nine.
2. They enjoy listening to the classic music.
3. It is getting colder and colder.
4. I will bring you the book next time.
5. He heard a woman crying/cry over there.
6. There have been several private schools in our area this year.
2
