【五步达标案】Unit 1 词汇精讲精练（含答案）（新目标八年级上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation 五步达标训练
【重点词汇精讲】
anyone pron. 任何人（教材P2 2b)
【点拨】
anyone 同anybody,意为“某人；有人”，通常用在疑问句或否定句中；anyone还可以用在肯定句中，意为“任何人”
【例句】Is there anyone in the room
房间里有人吗？
The question is not bard. Anyone here can answer it . 这个问题不难，这里的任何人都能回答。
【辨析】
anyone 的易混词
someone 同somebody，表示“某人；有人”，通常用在肯定句中；还可以用在表示建议、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中。
no one 同nobody，表示“没有人”，和not...anyone /anybody 是同义表达。
everyone 同everybody ，表示“人人；每人；所有人“。
There’s someone at the door . 门口有个人。
Why not ask someone for help 为什么不向别人求助呢？
There was no one around here. 这附近没有人。
Everyone is in the classroom. 所有人都在教师里。
【拓展】
当someone ,anyone,no one 和everyone 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
【点拨】本句是含有although引导的让步状语从句的复合句。although是连词，意为“尽管；虽然”，与though含义，although,though 不能和but同时使用，但它们可以和still,yet等词搭配使用。
few adj. &pron. 不多；很少（教材P2 2d）
【点拨】few作形容词时，用来修饰复数可数名词，此时few作定语 。
【辨析】
few, a few , little 与 a little
词条 意义 用法
few 几乎没有 表示否定意义，修饰复数可数名词。
a few 少量；一些 表示肯定意义，修饰复数可数名词。
little 几乎没有 表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。
a little 少量；一些 表示肯定意义，修饰不可数名词。
【例句】
Tom had little money , so he bought few things. 汤姆几乎没钱了，所以他几乎没买什么东西。
There is a little milk and a few apples in the fridge . 冰箱里有少量牛奶和几个苹果。
【拓展】quite a few 意为 “相当多；不少”，用来修饰复数可数名词。
I have quite a few books on American culture .
我有相当多关于美国文化的书。
something pron.某事；某物（教材P3 3a)
【点拨】something是由“some+thing”构成的复合不定代词。something作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
【例句】
There is something special in this room .这个房间里由特别的东西。
【辨析】
something , anything , nothing 与everything
something 表示”某事；某物“，通常用在肯定句中。
anything 表示”某事；某物“时，通常用在否定句或疑问句中。
表示”任何事物；任何东西“时，可以用在肯定句中。
nothing 表示”没有什么；没有一件东西“，是否定词，同not...anything .
everything 表示”所有事情；所有东西”。
【注意】
在表示建议，请求或期待得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中常用something .
Would you like something to drink 你想喝点什么吗？
【拓展】
当形容词修饰something , anything , nothing , everything 等复合不定代词时，形容词要后置。
Did you see anything interesting 你看到什么有趣的东西了吗？
myself pron. 我自己；我本人（教材P3 3a)
【点拨】myself是由“形容词性物主代词my+self(单数）”构成的反身代词。
【例句】
I can finish the work by myself . 我可以自己完成这项工作。
【拓展】
反身代词小结
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself , herself , itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
【搭配】
enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过的愉快 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to ...随便吃/喝...
seem v.好像；似乎；看来（教材P3 3b)
【点拨】seem作系动词，意为“好像；似乎；看来”。
【拓展】
seem的用法：
seem (+to be)+adj.似乎；好像
The movie seems (to be) interesting . 这部电影似乎很有趣。
seem to do sth 似乎要做某事
The boy seems to know nothing about it .这个男孩似乎对它一无所知。
It seems +that 从句 好像...
It seems that Mr. Zhang is at home . 张老师好像在家。
bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的（教材P3 3b)
【点拨】bored和boring是动词bore的两个形容词。bored表示“感到厌烦的”，用来指人；boring表示“令人厌烦的”，用来指物。
【例句】
Staying at home with nothing to do makes me very bored .待在家里无所事事使我很无聊。
The TV play is boring . 这部电视很无聊。
【归纳】
以-ing和-ed结尾的表示情绪和情感的形容词小结：
interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的
relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的
exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的
surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的
moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的
decide v. 决定；选定（教材P5 2b)
【点拨】decide作动词，意为“决定；选定”，可以作及物动词，其后可以直接跟宾语；也可以作不及物动词。decide to do sth 意为“决定作某事”；decide not to do sth意为“决定不做某事”。
【例句】
Tina decided to go to Rome for her holidays .蒂娜决定去罗马度假。
She decided not to go to the party. 她决定不去参加那个聚会。
【拓展】
decide 的名词形式为decision ,意为“决定”，常构成短语 make a decision /decisions , 意为“作出决定”。
difference n. 差别；差异（教材P5 2b)
【拓展】
be different from 和...不同
different adj. 不同的；有区别的
differently adv. 不同地；有区别地
difference n. 差别；差异 make a difference 产生影响；发挥作用
【例句】
It’s easy to tell the differences between the two pictures . 要辨别这两幅图的差异是容易的。
enough adj. &adv. 足够的（地）充足的（地）；充分的（地）（教材P5 2b)
【点拨】修饰名词可前可后；修饰形容词或副词，只能后置。
【例句】
We don’t have enough chairs for everyone . 我们没有足够的椅子让大家坐。
This house isn’t big enough for us . 这所房子对我们来说不够大。
【达标检测】
根据据句意及首字母提示补全单词
Almost a_______ knows one and two is three .
I can’t find my pen a_______
Tom’s birthday party was really w______ . We all had fun .
He is new here and has f_____ friends.
I didn’t go out this weekend . I was at my uncle’s home m_____ of the time .
用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
-What about ______ (go) shopping with me
-Good idea .
Lisa _____(stay) at home and watched TV last night .
There isn’t anything ______ (interest )in today’s newspaper .
She went to the zoo and took a few _____ (photo）of the animals .
-Do you know who ______(clean ) the classroom
-Yes, Jim did .
根据汉语意思完成句子
上周鲍勃一家去山里度假了。
Bob’s family went to the mountains ______ ______last weekend .
上个月你们去海滩了吗？
Did you _______ _______ _______ _______ last month
去年暑假蒂娜去夏令营了。
Tina _______ ________ ________ ______ last summer holiday .
昨晚我待在家里看书了。
I _______ _______ _______and did some reading last night .
我们在泰山上拍了很多照片。
We _______ _______ _______ _______ photos on Mount Tai .
单项选择
( ) 16. -What did you do yesterday evening , Gina
-Nothing much . I just _____ to the cinema to watch the movie Hi, Mom .
go B. goes C. went D. going
( ) 17. -What do you think of the movie Hi, Mom
-It’s so _____ that I want to watch it a second time.
wonderful B. meaningless C. natural D. serious
( ) 18. Children , follow your heart and never let ____ steal your dreams.
someone B. anyone C. everyone D. none
( ) 19. -Is your friend Michael still in Australia
-I don’t know . I have ______ information (消息）about him because we haven’t seen each other for ______ years.
a little ; a few B. little ; a few C . a few ; a little D. few ; a little
( ) 20. -Did you go _____ last weekend
-No , I stayed at home to relax .
somewhere interesting
interesting somewhere
anywhere interesting
interesting anywhere
补全对话
从方框中选出合适的句子，天灾对话空缺处，使对话内容完整、连贯。两项多余。
A:How was your vacation
B: 21. ______
A: Really Where did you go
B: 22. _______ It’s such a wonderful place .
A: Did you go there with anyone
B: 23. ______ I went with my friends . We really had fun !
A: 24. ______
B: It was excellent . The seafood tasted great !
A: 25. ______
B:Yes. I’ll show them to you after school .
A:Great !
How was the food there It was the best vacation in my life !Did you take any pictures I went on a trip to the Bahamas . What was the weather like It was terrible !Yes, of course !
VI. 阅读理解
I spent my last vacation trekking in Nepal (尼泊尔），a small country in the Himalaya Mountains of Asia . On a trekking vacation , you walk for long distances (距离）through the mountains . There are very few roads in Nepal , so trekking is the best way to travel . It’s best if you hire (雇佣）a guide . The guides know the best paths to take and they also help trekkers with their bags . Our guide even cooked food for us . Every day , we trekked for about four hours before lunch , and about two hours in the afternoon . At the end of the day’s trek , we sat around a campfire and talked about the things we saw . Then we went to sleep in large tents . Every morning , our guide brought breakfast to our tent . It was great . At the end of the trip , I didn’t want to go home !
( ) 26. How long did the writer walk every day
For two hours B. For four hours C. For six hours D. For seven hours
( ) 27. Which statement is NOT true
We slept in large tents .
The guide cooked food .
There are many roads in Nepal .
We can eat breakfast in our tent .
( ) 28. The underlined word “trekkers” in the passage means “_______”.
people who cook your food .
people who travel by walking
people who carry bags for you
people who live in Nepal
( ) 29. What did the writer think of the trip
Boring B. Funny C. Great D. Terrible
( ) 30. What is the best title for this passage
Traveling through Asia
The People of Nepal
Exercise and Health
Walking in the Mountains .
参考答案
达标训练
I 1. anyone 2. anywhere 3. wonderful 4. few 5. most
II. 6. going 7. stayed 8. interesting 9. photos 10. cleaned
III. 11. on vacation 12. go to the beach 13. went to summer camp 14. stayed at home 15. took quite a few /took a lot of
IV. 16-20 CABBC
V. 21-25 BDGAC
VI. 26-30 CCBCD
第1步 词汇
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