2024届高考英语难点突破：虚拟语气课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
虚拟语气
subjunctive mood
Queenie
语气？
英语中有陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气，疑问语气和感叹语气
首先，我们先来举例区分五种语气：
1、陈述语气
There is a house.
2、祈使语气
Go into house.
3、虚拟语气
If there were a house，I would go into it.
4、疑问语气
Is there a house？/ Where is the house
5、感叹语气
How beautiful a house is！/ What a beautiful！
条件状语从句
虚拟语气？
在以上情况中，其他四种语气基本表示真是的情况，只有虚拟语气表示一中假设的情况，If there were a house，I would go into it. 可以翻译为 ：如果有一座房子，我会进入它。
Def：虚拟语气：
1、是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，并非客观存在的事实；
2、陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反；
3、表示主观愿望或者某种强烈的感情时，也可以用虚拟语气。
表示方式：谓语动词的特殊形式
内容
CONTENTS
在条件状语从句中的使用
01
条件状语从句
条件状语从句是由引导词if以及unless等词引导的状语从句。在英文中，“条件”是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”、“如果”。
注意：非真实条件句用虚拟语气
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或者实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气
条件句虚拟式 从句 主句 例句
与现在事实相反 动词的过去式（be-were） would/ should/ might/ could+do If I were a bird, I would fly to you.
与过去事实相反 had+done would/ should/ might/ could+have done If we had started earlier, we should not missed the train.
与将来事实相反 should+do； 动词过去时； were to +do would/ should/ might/ could+do If teacher Li should have time tomorrow, we could ask him some question.
在虚拟语气中，有后退一个时态，注意be 动词的过去需要用were
省略if 的虚拟语气
从句中含有were/ should/ had 可将其放置于句首，省略if，用倒装 原句 一省二提
If I were you， I would take an umbrella. Were I you, I would take
an umbrella.
If it should happen, what would you do Should it happen, what would you do
If he had recognized me, he would have come over. Had he recognized mehe would have come over.
在虚拟语气中，若有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，简称“一省二提”
例题巩固
1、 today，he would get there by Friday.
A. would he leave B. was he leaving
C. were he to leave D. If he leaves
[考点解析] C 本题考察虚拟语气省略if 的用法，if 引导的非真实条件句中，如果从句中有were， should， had时，if 可以省略，但是句子必须用倒装结构。
2、 I you， I would go with him to the party.
A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. were
[考点解析] D 本题考察虚拟语气省略if 的用法，if 引导的非真实条件句中，如果从句中有were， should， had时，if 可以省略，但是句子必须用倒装结构。 注意，在虚拟语气中，be 动词的过去式是were
含蓄条件句
采用暗含的方式表述假设的情况 例如通过介词短语表示 but for， without， otherwise等 例句
But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully.
The change coule not have taken place without the open door policy.
I was so busy then, otherwise, I would tell you at once.
在虚拟语气中，若有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，简称“一省二提”
在其他从句中的使用
02
在宾语从句中的使用
wish /would rather后的宾语从句
=。
一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求 之后宾语从句
坚持 insist
命令 order command
建议 suggest advise recommend
要求 ask,demand,request,require
从句中的谓语动词用should+do 的形式，should可以省略，动词保持原形的形式
在主语从句中的使用
1、固定句型
It is （high）time that 后面的从句中，谓语动词要用过去时或用should +动词原型， 但是should不可以省略。
主语从句中，虚拟语气以should do 的形式出现，由连词that引导，should 常常省略
2、It is necessary that …（should）do等
it is desired……， it is suggested……， it is requesd……， it is ordered that……， it is proposed that……， it is important that…… 及其时态变化
e.g. it was important that……
在表语从句中的使用
as if/ as though引导的表语从句
It looks as if he were sleepy.
与表示决定主张要求建议命令等动词相对应的名词 +表语从句
从句中常用should do， should 可以省略
Our decision is that the meeting (should) be put off.
同位语从句用法类似
as if / as though 引导的状语从句表示与事实相反的情况
总结
03
格式总结
01
03
02
1、If+S+v-ed/were+phrase,
2、S+would/should/might/ could+v+phrase
虚拟语气
1、If+S+had+v-ed+phrase,
2、S+would/should/might/could+have+v-ed+phrase
1、If+S+had+v-ed/should do/were to do+phrase
2、S+would/should/might/could+have+v+phrase
例题解析
04
例题解析
1. How I wish I clever than Tom!
A.am B. was C. were D.be
[考点解析] C 本题考察虚拟语气在wish 后的宾语从句的用法。 wish后的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气，与现在实施想法有哪个动词的过去式，be 动词的过去式使用were 的形式。
2.If he here, he you.
A.had been; would helped B. were; would help
C. were; had helped D.would have been; had helped
[考点解析] B 本题考察if 引导的表示与现实相反的非真实条件句，主句用would /should/ might/ could+do的形式，从句用动词的过去式。
3.It is high time that we meeting
A.begin B. began C. has begun D.begins
[考点解析] B 本题考察虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法，在本固定句型中谓语动词常用过去式或should do， 从句用动词的过去式。
4. today, he would get there by Friday.
A.had be leave B. was he leaving
C. were he to leave D. If he leaves
[考点解析] C 本题考察省略if 的虚拟语气的用法，if 引导的非真实条件句中，如果从句有were， should， had时，if 可以省略，但是句子必须使用倒装结构。
例题解析
THANKS
Cha小薰