(共13张PPT)
Chemical or Organic Farming
Para 1. Show a problem
Q: 1. What did farmers use when performing farming in the past
Q: 2. What are the results of using it
Reading
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
benefit
problem
Which information is more important
What do you expect to read in the next paragraph
major information
topic sentence
Para 2. Analyse the cause
Q: What are the problems caused by chemical fertilizers
Reading
What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.
topic sentence
conjunction
What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.
方式
原因
结果
a new point
Para 3-4. Find a solution
Q: 1. What way did some farmers and many customers turn to
Q: 2. Why did they choose this way
Reading
With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
benefits
1.focus on keeping the soil_______ and out of ____________
rich
disease
using ____________ as fertilizer to make the soil richer in ________ and so more ___________
natural waste
minerals
fertile
2.keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from __________
chemicals
定义
Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile.
environmentally-friendly
Q：3. What methods do the farmers use to keep the soil fertile
Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.
目的
举例
transitional sentence
Para 1
Show a problem
long-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
Para 2
Analyse the cause
1. damage the land, killing the helpful bacteria and pests
2. Chemicals also stay in the water for a long time, affecting crops, animals and humans
3. food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.
Para 3-4
Find a solution
some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.
3. plant crops to use different levels of soil,
1. use natural waste from animals
methods
Mind map
Summary
2. change the kind of crop in each field every few years
4. plant grass between crops
goal
4.No copying
Don’t copy the original sentences from the passage.
2.No comments
Don’t share your own opinion towards the issue.
…How wonderful it is!
3.No details
Omit(省略) detailed information, examples and dialogues.
For example, corns and soybeans can be grown one by one every tow years and it will be useful to prevent wind from carrying away the soil.
Changing crops has many methods like growing corn and soybeans one by one every two years and growing grass to…
1.No more than 80 words
Write in about 60 words (40-80).
Attention:
《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》
概要写作 (Summary writing) 满分25分
提供一篇350词以内的短文, 要求考生基于该短文写一篇60词左右的概要.
What is a good summary
第五档
(21-25) 理解准确,涵盖全部要点。
能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。
有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。
完全使用自己的言语。
How to write in your own words
Word level
Sentence level
Text level
词性转换、同义/近义替换、反义/双重否定转换
主被动语态转换、复杂句句式变换、一句多点
句与句之间、长句的内部使用表示逻辑关系的关联词
Long-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
constant/prolonged
using chemical fertilizers for an extended time
Word level
Sentence level
do harm to/
be harmful to/
harm/hurt
both... and/
not only… but also
Text level
Examples
Para 1
Show a problem
long-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
Para 2
Analyse the cause
1. damage the land, killing the helpful bacteria and pests
2. Chemicals also stay in the water for a long time, affecting crops, animals and humans
3. food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.
Para 3-4
Find a solution
some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.
3. plant crops to use different levels of soil,
1. use natural waste from animals
methods
Mind map
Summary
2. change the kind of crop in each field every few years
4. plant grass between crops
goal
For a long time, using chemical fertilizers ___________ (be) a common practice until scientists find ____ disadvantages, which not only damage the land _____ threaten people’s health. It’s considered______ chemical farming also makes the food lack ____ nutrient as well. ___________ (change) the situation, farmers pick up organic farming to help grow food __________ (natural). Meanwhile, they use the land to ____ fullest in many ways without _________(cause)any damage, such as using different _______ (layer)of soil, changing crops and planting grass between them.
(84 words)
Fill in the blanks
layers
naturally
of
its
but
that
To change
causing
the
has been
A sample version:
Constant use of chemical fertilizers is proved to be harmful to the soil and people's health as well as leave food in low nutrition. In that case, organic farming enjoys a high popularity among farmers now which uses natural waste to be more beneficial to the land. Besides, changing crop strains regularly, employing different levels of soil and planting grass between crops are what farmers also adopt to guarantee the land healthy and productive.
(74 words)
Summary(共9张PPT)
Summary Writing
1
2
3
Read for the topic、style and structure
Find the key words and key sentences of each para.
Four steps
4
Rewrite by using various techniques
Add some conjunctions(连词) and
polish your handwriting
Feeling hungry If you’re feeling starved, what is the easiest way to satisfy your hunger Many of us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. And our increasingly busy life adds to our need to buy ready-made food on the go or delivered to our home.
Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desire at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient. This is especially the case during the recent coronavirus crisis, when people stuck at home with nothing to cook or lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves. It’s calculated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60,000 restaurants. Amelia Brophy, Head of UK Data Products at YouGov, told the BBC that its research “suggests that the frequency of takeaways ordered is expected to increase in the future.
It’s no wonder we are tempted (诱惑) to skip the grocery shopping, avoid the kitchen, and tuck into (大口吃) something that someone else has prepared. But ordering a deep crust pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health. Eating too much processed and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity and the risk of developing certain diseases. Children and adolescents who eat fast food at least three times a week are more likely to develop eczema, according to one study. Eczema is a skin condition that causes patches of itchy skin.
Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. Yet, that’s far from enough. The best advice you might want to take is to find a recipe book and try making your own meal.
Step 1: Read for the topic、style and structure
Tip1: Key words are often repeated.
Phenomenon
Reason
Effect
Solution
takeaway menu
takeaway delivery apps
delivered food
prepared food
ready-made food on the go
takeaway food
= takeaway meals/ takeaways
Topic:
Some related expressions
The writing style
A. Exposition(说明文)
B. Argumentation(议论文)
To convince/persuade the readers that the ideas are true and give suggestions.
To explain/introduce/inform/state or to provide readers with information or materials to understand “what”, “how”, and “why”.
The Structure
√
P1
P2
P3
P4
Feeling hungry If you’re feeling starved, what is the easiest way to satisfy your hunger Many of us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. And our increasingly busy life adds to our need to buy ready-made food on the go or delivered to our home.
Step 2&3
Para.1 Phenomenon
Tip2: Combine the question and answer together.
_________________is the easiest way to satisfy people’s hunger due to ___________.
Takeaway food
busy life
have it
改变词性: hunger (n.) — ________ (adj.) 同义词___________
hungry
改变主语: 随着现代生活节奏的加快, 饿的时候, 忙碌的人们倾向于点外卖。
With the________________ of modern life, _________________ tend to order
________________ when ________________.
fast pace
busy people
takeaway food
hungry/starved
starved
Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desire at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient. This is especially the case during the recent coronavirus crisis, when people stuck at home with nothing to cook or lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves. It’s calculated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60,000 restaurants. Amelia Brophy, Head of UK Data Products at YouGov, told the BBC that its research “suggests that the frequency(频率) of takeaways ordered is expected to increase in the future.”
Para.2 Reasons
(
)
Tip3: Examples should be omitted(省略).
Tip4: Some quotations can be opinions.
Eating options are endless and new technology, such as takeaway delivery apps, make ordering food quick and convenient, so the frequency of takeaway food is expected to increase in the future.
同义词: options (n.) — ________ ; endless (adj.)______________
choices
limitless/wide
___________________ and easy ordering ______________delivery apps are making takeaways more and more popular.
句式变化: 广泛的食物选择和通过送货应用轻松订购，使外卖变得更受欢迎。
Wide food choices
by/through/via
It’s no wonder we are tempted (诱惑) to skip the grocery shopping, avoid the kitchen, and tuck into (大口吃) something that someone else has prepared. But ordering a deep crust pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health. Eating too much processed and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity and the risk of developing certain diseases. Children and adolescents who eat fast food at least three times a week are more likely to develop eczema(湿疹), according to one study. Eczema is a skin condition that causes patches(斑点) of itchy(发痒的) skin.
Para.3 Effect & Para.4 Solution
Takeaway food ___________________________and ____________________ to our health.
Tip5: Pay attention to the signal words.
costs a lot/ is pricey, costly
does harm/is harmful
Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. Yet, that’s far from enough. The best advice you might want to take is to find a recipe book and try making your own meal.
Eating light-flavored takeaway food can be healthy.
You are still strongly advised to cook your own meals by recipes.
高级句式：Healthier _____ some light-flavored takeaway food might be, …
as
Step 4: Polish your summary
With the fast pace of modern life, busy people tend to order takeaway food when hungry. Wide food choices and easy ordering via delivery apps are making takeaways more and more popular. Takeaway food costs a lot and does harm to our health. Eating light-flavored takeaway food can be healthier. You are still strongly advised to cook your own meals by recipes. (62 words)
Besides,
However/Actually,
Although/Though/While
Tip6: Don’t forget the conjunctions.
Tip7: Use the same “person” or avoid it.
Tip8: Try to make it brief.
People’s
Although takeaways can be made healthier with smaller amounts of flavorings, trying cooking meals oneself by recipes is most strongly advised.
Fill in the blanks
With ____ fast pace of modern life, busy people tend _________(order)
takeaway food when _______(hunger). Besides, wide food ________(choice)
and easy ordering _____ delivery apps are making ____ more and more popular. _________, takeaway food costs a lot and also _____(do)harm to health. Healthier ____some light-flavored takeaway food might be, trying cooking meals oneself by recipes __________(advise) most strongly .
via
hungry
choices
to order
it
However
does
as
the
is advised
Possible version
With quicker life pace, people tend to order takeaway food
when feeling hungry. (要点1) Due to a wide range of choices and rapidly developing technology like delivery apps, takeaway food is preferred for its convenience. (要点2) Actually, it has a negative impact on people in financial and healthy aspects. (要点3) While cutting down the amount of heavy flavors can reduce the harm, making meals by recipes personally is a better alternative.(要点4).(共7张PPT)
Summary Writing
A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits. Studies have shown that vegetarians usually have lower levels of heart disease and a lower risk of diabetes than people who eat meat. What most people are less aware of, however, are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have on the environment.
Researchers from the Union of Concerned Scientists in the US recently studied how consumer behavior affects the environment. The study showed that meat consumption is one of the main ways that humans can damage the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicle.
Then, how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment For a start, all farm animals such as cows，pigs, and sheep give off methane (沼气) gas by expelling (排出) wind from their bodies. One cow can produce up to 60 liters of methane each day. Methane gas is the second most common greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that it is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the atmosphere comes from farm animals.
Another way that meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef, whereas 20 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland used for crop production can produce 40,000 pounds of potatoes, 30,000 pounds of carrots, or 50,000 pounds of tomatoes.
Many people now see the benefits of switching to a vegetarian diet, not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian, or vegan diet(纯素). They believe a vegan diet, which excludes(排除) all products from animal sources, such as cheese, eggs, and milk, can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.
Analyze the article
Topic
Evidence
Reason1
Reason2
Conclusion
Tip1: “Person”、“Tense” should be consistent logically.
Para.1
A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits…What most people are less aware of, however, are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have on the environment.
对…有好处
do good to
be good for
be beneficial to
be of great benefit to
benefit
对…有影响
have an impact/influence on
make a difference to
affect
有助于
be helpful to/be of great help to
contribute to doing
A vegetarian diet is _________ beneficial to our health _________environmentally-friendly.
___________contributing to good health, vegetarian diets are also good for the environment.
It’s believed that a vegetarian diet benefits people’s health ____________does good to the environment.
______ widely acknowledged helpful to keep healthy, vegetarian diets are seldom associated with environmental problem.
Vegetarian diets are popular for promoting health, _____ people hardly consider it a helper to the environmental protection.
Many people have a preference for a vegetarian diet mainly ________it helps build up a healthy body but they lack awareness of its good impact on the environment .
not only
but
Apart from
but also
While
because
as well as
Tip2: Pay attention to the logic inside a sentence.
… studied how consumer behavior affects the environment. The study showed that meat consumption is one of the main ways that humans can damage the environment, second only to…
Para.2
According to a study, consuming meat has a very negative influence on the environment.
A recent study reveals that eating meat is the second biggest threat to our environment.
As is shown by a study, meat consumption is one of the main causes of environment disturbance(干扰、紊乱).
Tip3: Study/research/experiment/survey etc. should be summarized.
meat consumption
consume meat/eat meat
damage
do/cause damage to
be harmful to
pose a threat to
ruin/destroy
ways
reasons/causes
Para.1&2
Just as a study indicates, a vegetarian diet, famous for its benefits to health, has another advantage that it’s more friendly to the environment, while consuming meat possesses the opposite effect.
Then, how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment For a start, all farm animals …give off methane (沼气) gas .... it is more responsible for global warming…
Another way that meat production…is through the use of water and land…water are needed to produce…beef, whereas …water are needed to produce …wheat…farmland used for crop production can produce ...
Para.3 & Para.4
for one thing,
for another;
on one hand,
on the other hand;
The large amount of methane gas released by farm animals leads to global warming.
Farm animals give off large amounts of methane gas, contributing greatly to global warming.
Animals raised for meat emit methane into atmosphere, causing global warming.
Meat production consumes much more water and land than crop production.
Much more water and land is needed for meat production than for crop production.
Raising animals requires far more water and land than planting crops.
It’s proved that the methane released by farm animals ought to shoulder responsibility for global warming, and raising them needs more water and land than planting crops as well.
Para.3&4
Tip4: Find out the meaning of data.
Many people now see the benefits of switching to a vegetarian diet...However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian, or vegan diet(纯素). They believe a vegan diet…can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.
Para.5
…some nutritionists argue against diets entirely free of meat.
…some nutritionists oppose to being a total vegetarian for fear of a lack of necessary nutrition.
…some nutritionists warn people not to go to become a complete vegetarian for better health.
Though/Although/While a vegetarian diet has many advantages,
In spite of/Despite/Regardless of the benefits,
Advantageous/Environmentally-friendly as a vegetarain diet is,
object to doing
be opposed to doing
disapprove of doing
not subscribe to doing
Nevertheless, some experts hold the opposite opinion that meat is necessary too due to the fact that certain nutrition can only be gained from it.
While the vegetarian diet is becoming a trend, nutritionists believe that a totally vegan diet shouldn’t be accepted since it may be lacking in some necessary nutrition.
However, nutritionists point out that a balanced diet is the most nutritious for they can provide us with essential nutrients.
Tip5: Remember some fixed sentence pattern.
Vegetarian diets are popular for promoting health, but seldom considered helpful to the environmental protection. Just as a study shows, eating meat causes some bad environmental consequences. For one thing, farm animals give off methane, which contributes greatly to global warming. For another, meat production consumes much more water and land than crop production. However, according to some nutritionists, instead of a total vegan diet, a balanced diet with a proper quality of meat is advocated.
(76 words)
Possible version
It’s widely believed that a vegetarian diet not only builds up the body but also has positive impacts on the environment. On the one hand, it cuts down greenhouse gas pollution. On the other hand, the diet leads to a sharp decrease in the use of water and land. However, nutritionists advise people to be conscious of the fact that such diet can result in the lack of some necessary nutrition. (71 words)(共17张PPT)
Summary Writing
概要写作评分标准第五档（21–25points）：
1.理解准确，涵盖所有要点。
2.准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇
3.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使概要结构紧凑。
4.完全使用自己的语言。
Standards for Evaluation
contents (内容)
language (语言)
structure (结构)
1.按要点给分；分段写扣1分；
2.抄原句不给分；
3.词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分；
4.人称要一致，变换一次扣1分，变换两次或以上扣2分；
5.不能加入“本人”任何观点；
6.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一，二个档次.
Notice
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and,of course,the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses,and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
There's no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won't be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!
If campus visits aren't going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you'd like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don't like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn't know unless you actually visit.
Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it won't cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair can't take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you'd like to attend.
Step 1: Read for Topic & Structure
Tip: Pay attention to the key words and repeated words.
Topic
Suggestion 1
Suggestion 2
Suggestion 3
visit colleges before you apply
Step 2: Read for key points of each para. (Para 1&2)
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
Tip1: The topic sentence is usually in the beginning or at the end.
Tip2: Ignore the details: reasons, purposes, definitions, quotations, examples, list, data... Tip3: The information after “But” is more important.
There's no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won't be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!
Step 2: Read for key points of each para. (Para 3&4)
Tip1: The topic sentence is usually in the beginning or at the end.
Tip2: Ignore the details: reasons, purposes, definitions, quotations, examples, list, data...
Tip3: The information after “But” is more important.
If campus visits aren't going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you'd like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don't like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn't know unless you actually visit.
Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it won't cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair can't take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you'd like to attend.
Step 3: Rewrite the key points by using your own words
Para 1: It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply...But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
It’s really a good idea to do
It’s advisable/worthwhile/beneficial to do...
It’s a good choice/wise option to do…
It’s advised/suggested/recommended that…
visit colleges
pay a visit to colleges (重要名词可不变)
before you apply
before you submit your application (to the college you want to attend)
To do 结构
Importance should be attached to the on-the-spot campus visit to guarantee a sensible choice in before applying.
To make a good decision, you are advised to spare some time to visit the campuses of your dream colleges before applying.
before
in advance
ahead of time
Applying to colleges is an important decision in your life, so you should visit the colleges you want to attend in advance.
动名词作主语
It 作形式主语
It’s suggested that you pay a visit to colleges before you submit your application to them, which will help you make a reasonable decision.
被动语态
Para 2: There's no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area… but if you live nearby, go check it out!
If you live nearby, there’s no excuse not to visit the college.
If they are within easy reach/not remote to you
reason
宾语从句
When the colleges are near _____________, don’t _________________ them.
where you live
hesitate to visit/miss
You’ll find it ___________to visit the local colleges.
it作形式宾语
necessary
Para 1 & 2:
To decide wisely which colleges to attend, it’s wise of you to pay a visit to colleges before you apply, especially the ones you live close to.
Tip:一句多点！
Para 3: If campus visits aren't going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you'd like to attend.
make it
before receiving your admission letters/your admission letters arrive
词性转换
If it is inconvenient for you to visit the campuses before you apply, you’d better visit them before being_________________.
accepted/admitted
分词/形容词
作状语
________________to visit before applying, you should seize the chance to manage it before you are admitted to those colleges.
Step 3: Rewrite the key points by using your own words
Failing/Unable
Para 4: Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive... it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you'd like to attend.
If time and money are limited/If you lack time and money
If time and money don’t permit/are not allowed
Tip:
（1）词汇替换法：用同义词/同义短语替换；正话反说；词性转换；
（2）信息重组法：用关联词将要点重组成一个复合句；
（3）句式变化法：to do结构；with结构；动名词作主语；分词作状语；非谓语动词；
非限制定语从句；强调句；倒装句；独立主格；主被动语态转换；it作形式主语或宾语…
Step 3: Rewrite the key points by using your own words
定语从句
If your have no time or money for it, you should _______forget to check it out online for it is beneficial to your final decision about ideal colleges.
If you can’t go in person for lack of time and money, visit the online college fairs , _________ you can get necessary information.
Time and money_____________, it’s wise of you to make an appropriate decision by accessing the online college fairs.
正话反说
独立主格
not permitting
where
never
Step 4: Add transitional expressions to make it coherent(连贯)
It’s worthwhile to visit colleges before application to acquire more related information, thus allowing you to make a reasonable decision. Firstly, you’d better not hesitate to do so if colleges are within your easy reach. If not, a visit before being admitted is still necessary to make you prepared. Lastly, Time and money not permitting, you are advised to go to online college fairs, which is useful and free.
(69 words)
Visiting colleges before applying will offer you a true knowledge of the college campuses, ensuring you a wise decision. It is a must even for a local college as it may be required in the applications. If time doesn’t permit, you are recommended to do that between the period of applying and acceptance. However, if you can’t make it for lack of time and money, visiting online college fairs is also of great benefit to your wise decision.
(77 words)
Possible Version
Applying to colleges is an important decision in your life, so you should visit the colleges you want to attend in advance, especially when they are near where you live. (要点1.2) If you can’t make it before application, you should do it before the acceptance letters arrive. (要点3) Finally, if you do have no time or money for it, visiting the online college fairs can also help you make the right decision. (要点4)
(70 words)
Fill in the blanks
To ensure __ brilliant college life, you’d better spare time _______(visit) campuses to examine all _______(aspect)of your dream colleges before application in the flesh. If you live nearby, be sure to check ___ out. Even after __________(submit) applications, a visit before ___________
(admit) letters’ arrival can help avoid much trouble.________, visiting the online college fairs will also be__________(benefit) , if it is __________(possible)for you to go for lack of time and money.
to visit
aspects
it
submitting
a
However
impossible
beneficial
admission
Find the mistakes!
1. Though it sounds crazy and may be highly cost, senior students are supposed to actually visit your ideal colleges before you apply to ensure you make a suitable choice, especially the local college.
2. There's no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area.
3. Visiting the campus and knowing what you don’t like can save your heartache.
4. Nowadays, there is a website calling “collegeweeklive” could help you to do the decision.
5. Hopefully, you can choose a good college.
人称不一致
抄原句
把细节当成要点
语法混乱，时态错误
添加个人观点
Can you guess
21
Let’s judge together!
①
②
③
④
① 框架完整，要点齐全, 要点2.3结合在一句话里；
② 语言流畅，独立性较好，关联词使用不是很准确。
21
Let’s judge together!
①
②
③
④
① 要点基本完整；
② 语言流畅，用词准确性不够，
语法错误不影响理解，字数略超。
18
School visit during college application is very important for future study. First, you should visit some schools nearby. Secondly, it is a necessary to have on-campus tours of school which you submited application to. Last but not least, if schedule and financial do not allow, student can go to a website called at to get more free information about schools.
Let’s judge together!
①
②
③
④
① 要点基本齐全； ② 要点之间逻辑关系不准确，人称不一致,
分数也只能在第二档和第三档之间，说明其理解不准确。
15
①
②
③
④
① 要点2，3 理解不准确；
② 语法错误较多，
但语义基本能读的通。
13
Let’s judge together!
① 要点不齐全；
② 语法错误太多，几乎每个句子都错，语义表达影响理解。
①
②
③
7
It would be of great help, if you can pay for a visit a college which one you want to be attend. It is vital important that you have to make sure that you are researching the right one. Also, there is no need to visit the schools nearby. In addition, to visit an online college is worse than an actual campus visit, because it'll make difference what you want to know about the college.
①
① 只有一个要点；
② 语法错误多。
4
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