山东省威海市乳山市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中英语试卷（五四学制）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 山东省威海市乳山市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中英语试卷（五四学制）（含解析） |  | |
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山东省威海市乳山市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中英语试卷（五四学制）（解析版）
一、基础知识（共5小题，计5分）从每小题A、B、C中选择最佳答案。
1．（1分）I think it is a good choice to watch the new movie.划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．宾语 B．主语 C．定语
2．（1分）Choosing handwriting instead of using a keyboard results in good learning .划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．动词 B．名词 C．形容词
3．（1分）He surveyed himself in the mirror before going out.此句为___________。（ ）
A．简单句 B．复合句 C．并列句
4．（1分）Whether you like it or not，you have to do it.句子中包含___________。（ ）
A．主语从句 B．状语从句 C．宾语从句
5．（1分）I find it useful to learn English.句子结构为___________。（ ）
A．主语+谓语
B．主语+谓语+宾语
C．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。
6．（12分）The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river.Thornton was in the boat，while Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank，holding the boat with a rope.Buck，the dog，followed them，keeping a（n） （1） eye on Thornton.
They came to a more （2） part of the river，and the boat started to go too quickly.Hans pulled on the rope to stop it，but pulled it too hard.The boat （3） ，and Thornton was thrown into the water.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he （4） Thornton.Then Buck returned，with Thornton holding his tail.Buck swam towards the river bank.But they moved （5） .Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough，so he let go of Buck，held on to a rock in the middle of the water，and （6） ，" Go，Buck，go!"
Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank，and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that （7） water，and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him.They （8） their rope round Buck，who at once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton.The first time，the water took him （9） the rock，and Pete and Hans had to pull him back.The second time，he swam higher up the river.Moreover，the water brought him down to Thornton.Thornton （10） Buck，and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as they could.Man and dog disappeared under the water，（11） rocks，turning over and over，sometimes with Buck on top，sometimes Thornton.When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out，both seemed more dead than alive.But after a while their eyes opened and （12） returned.They all smiled.
（1） A.worried B.satisfied C.surprised
（2） A.important B.famous C.dangerous
（3） A.turned up B.turned over C.turned down
（4） A.reached B.saw C.saved
（5） A.carelessly B.slowly C.carefully
（6） A.shouted B.complained C.replied
（7） A.secret B.clear C.wild
（8） A.tied B.mixed C.relaxed
（9） A.under B.past C.through
（10） A.waited for B.held on to C.looked up at
（11） A.lifting B.controlling C.hitting
（12） A.fear B.life C.trust
三、阅读理解（共五篇短文）阅读A、B篇，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。
7．（5分）This is a story of a man who works in a big factory.I have seen him for years，but I've never paid any attention to him.He was a little bit weird（怪异的）.He always wore an old red hat and carried a rubbish bag.He usually spent his break time and his lunchtime walking around in that old big factory and collecting used tins（铝罐）.
One day，I was fixing one of the broken machines in the factory when this"tin man"came with his bag.As usual，he picked up the tins，which were all around the place.My manager was standing there，watching me.
When I finished my job，I heard my manager ask the"tin man"about what he was going to do with those tins he had collected.I never even thought about this kind of question，because I always assumed that"tin man"would take those tins to the recycling center.
Unexpectedly，the"tin man"answered，"I will give these tins to my neighbor.He has been ill for many years and cannot work."
I was so shocked to hear that，so I asked him："You mean you collect all those tins just to help your neighbor？"
"I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."
It was the most beautiful moment in my life.It has made me feel humble（谦卑的） every day since then.
（1）What's the relationship between the "tin man" and the writer？
A.Friends.
B.Neighbors.
C.Workmates.
（2）The underlined word "assumed" in Paragraph 3 probably means in Chinese.
A.推断
B.提到
C.承担
（3）What was the"tin man"going to do with the tins？
A.To invent a machine with the tins.
B.To give the tins away to his neighbor.
C.To take the tins to the recycling center.
（4）What kind of person is the "tin man" according to the passage？
A.Poor.
B.Humble.
C.Warm﹣hearted.
（5）What's the story mainly about？
A.What the big factory was famous for.
B.How a man helped others in his own way.
C.The humblest man the writer has ever met.
8．（5分）
100 Easy Science Experiments for Kids to do at Home（2023）
Do you have a little scientist living in the house with you？You're probably looking for science experiments for your kids at home.
We searched the Internet and practiced these science experiments with our own young kids.They're super educational and so much fun for kids of all ages!Each of these easy science experiments will take only about 30 minutes to complete from start to finish.They each use simple materials from around the house.And，they teach simple science knowledge that your kids will use in school.It's also a great way to learn about the scientific method that they'll use throughout their whole life. Here is a fun science experiment to introduce your child to the magical world of science!
Water Cycle In A Bag This is one of the best science experiments to teach your kids about the water cycle，and it's so easy to do!
Materials（材料）：Zip（拉链）lock bag，marker pen，water，blue food coloring
Steps： ◆Use a marker pen to draw a sky on the upper half of your Zip lock bag.Include clouds and the sun. ◆Fill a cup with water and add a few drops of blue food coloring.Mix it up until the water is blue. ◆Pour the water into the bag and zip it tight，so no water escapes. ◆Hang your bag up on a window that gets a lot of sunshine.In a couple of hours，you will see some drops of water will be in the"clouds"and other drops will be coming down like rain.
What's Happening？The sun is heating up the water in the bag，which turns the water into the gas.This happens in our atmosphere，too.Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go，it turns back into water.This experiment shows the power of the sun to turn water into different states. Click here for+99 More Science Experiments We Love
（1）Where are these science experiments from？
A.A cartoon book.
B.A travel guide.
C.A science website.
（2）What can we know about these experiments？
A.The experiments all take a long time to complete.
B.The experiments are only designed for kids before school.
C.The experiments are both educational and interesting.
（3）Which of the following steps is right in the experiment？
A.Draw a sky，clouds and the sun in the middle of the Zip lock bag.
B.You should zip the bag tight to avoid water running out of it.
C.Put the bag full of water on the ground for a few hours.
（4）Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word"atmosphere"？
A.Air.
B.Gas.
C.Water.
（5）Who is the passage written for？
A.Science teachers.
B.Parents with young kids.
C.Students in primary school.
9．（5分）Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or her.
This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us ：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？
Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（烤面包片）phenomenon（现象）：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter﹣side down most of the time.
To prove（证明） this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.
In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter﹣side down 62 percent of the time.
But you may ask：Is it the butter that plays a role？Here comes Matthews' second experiment.This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter "B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B﹣side.
"Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.
根据短文内容判断下列句子的正（A）误（B）。
（1）According to Murphy's Law，if you don't want to be questioned by the teacher in class，you may end up failing answering the questions.
（2）In the first experiment of buttered toast，we know the toast landed butter﹣side down about 620 times.
（3）If the toast can land butter﹣side down，it will do according to Murphy's Law.
（4）In the first experiment，the butter plays a role according to Matthews.
（5）Murphy's Law doesn't depend on people's thoughts.
10．（5分）We all know that exercise is good for us，don't we？（1） Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!However，did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport？
For a start，exercise is not just about the body.Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.（2） Finally，if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet，we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.Sounds like a good deal，doesn't it？
（3） If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time，there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）：you will soon give up and go back to your old ways!Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body，but that you also enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favorite music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out.（4）
It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. （5） Who wouldn't want that？
A.Start small! B.That way，you'll never give it up! C.It's about being healthier and feeling happier. D.But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. E.Besides，regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily.
11．（10分）If you want to go on an educational exchange（交换），you need to fill in an application form （申请表）.This is a sample（样本） of an application form for an educational exchange.
Application form
Family name Li Given name Xiaolan
Date of birth 22/06/2010 Place of birth Shanghai
Nationality Chinese Sex F
Address 155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China Postal code 200050
Telephone No. （8621）3222200 Email xiaolan.li09@
Educational background Junior High 2 passport No. G578115
Hobbies reading，swimming，collecting stamps
Reasons for applying I'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
Duration of study From 01/09/2023 To 05/01/2024
Signature of the applicant Date
Li Xiaolan 23/04/2023
（1）When was Li Xiaolan born？
（2）Where does Li Xiaolan live now？
（3）What grade is Li Xiaolan in now？
（4）Why does Li Xiaolan want to go on an educational exchange？
（5）How long will Li Xiaolan study in a foreign country？
四、单词拼写（共8小题，计8分）根据音标或首字母和汉语提示以适当形式填写单词。请将答案填写在答题纸指定位置。
12．（1分）Don't meet s （陌生人） alone.It may be too dangerous.
13．（1分）Will it be c （方便的） for you to come here this afternoon？
14．（1分）I a （仰慕） her when I first met her and I still think she's wonderful.
15．（1分）We should make a plan to make us spend summer holiday w （明智地）.
16．（1分）I am studying the basic rules of English /'gr m / at school.
17．（1分）If the driver is careful enough，the accident could be / 'v d d/.
18．（1分）Westminster Abbey is one of the most famous /'t t z/ in the world.
19．（1分）My English teacher often tells / hju m r s/ stories to make her classes interesting.
五、语法填空 阅读短文，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
20．（10分）Most children have a sweet tooth.However，（1） （ eat） too much candy or drinking too many sugary drinks is bad for our health.So far，many countries have started to do something（2） （ control） the amount of sugary drinks kids can have.
A law limiting the sale and advertisement of sugary drinks started in Boston，the US，in August.It（3） （ be） impossible to buy sugary drinks in schools and government buildings in the city next month.
Mayor Menino said of the reasons behind the law：" Forty （4） （ percent） of the kids in Boston public schools are too heavy."About one half of the US population aged 2 and older drink sugary drinks every day.One in five American children aged 12 to 19 is too heavy，according to the report.
Many other countries have taken similar actions already.In August，（5） （ French）started a new tax（税） on sugary drinks.Hungary（匈牙利） introduced a similar tax in early September.Governments hope this will keep populations （6） （ healthy）.
China（7） （ face） the same problem now.According to a recent study by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，middle school students in big cities in our country each drink about 1，200 mL of sugary drinks every day.In the last 20 years，the number of overweight school children（8） （ increase）5 to 10 times.
Gao Xiang of Harvard Medical School called on the Chinese government（9） （ deal）with the situation.Some suggestions，including stopping the sale of sugary drinks in schools and limiting their advertisements，（10） （ give） by Gao，too.
六、完成句子（共5小题，计10分）根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。
21．（2分）你还没有坐船横跨过太平洋，是不是？
22．（2分）好的工作人员习惯于通过闲聊打破僵局。
23．（2分）你上周末尽可能多地练习英语口语了吗？
24．（2分）当他人遇到麻烦时，他总是乐意出手相助。
25．（2分）如果你对某事集中精力，你就会把它学的更好。
七 短文填空 （共1小题，计10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项至多使用一次。
26．（10分）
A.for help B.happy C.Unluckily D.However E.opening the door F.have fed G.usual H.Since I.cute J.lowered their heads
It was a fine day.The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.The kids were playing in their backyard when a little cat tried to cross into their yard.（1） ，it got stuck（卡住的）under the fence.The kids tried to free the cat，but they couldn't.So they asked their mother（2） .The mother freed the cat.The cat looked so（3） that the children begged （乞求） to keep it.Their mother said，"I don't mind myself，but you must ask your father."
The kids waited anxiously for their dad back from work."Do you think our dad will allow us to keep it ？"the girl asked.Before the boy answered the girl，they heard their father （4） ." Hi，daddy，" they both shouted loudly at the same time.
" You are surely happier than（5） to see today.What is up？" their father said.
"Nothing，daddy.We just love you so much，"the girl replied.That's when their mother said，"Go ahead.Ask your dad."
The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat.The father said，"No，you can't.We （6） five cats so far.Your mommy and I have no time to take care of them any more." Hearing this，the kids（7） disappointedly（失望地）.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids' faces，the father changed his mind.He said，"All right.（8） you love it so much，you can keep it." Hearing this，the kids happily screamed，" Hooray!Thank you，daddy!"（9） ，the father added that they must promise to look after the cat by themselves.
The kids were so（10） to have another pet friend.Then the cat was given the name "Lucky"by the kids.
八、书面表达（共1小题，计15分） 请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。
27．（15分）我们每个人都有自己的梦想，同学们你们的梦想是什么？为了实现梦想你们应该怎么做呢？请以"My dream"为题，写一篇介绍自己梦想的作文。
要求：
（1）文中不要出现真实的校名和姓名；
（2）词数100左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Everyone has a dream.___________
参考答案与试题解析
一、基础知识（共5小题，计5分）从每小题A、B、C中选择最佳答案。
1．（1分）I think it is a good choice to watch the new movie.划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．宾语 B．主语 C．定语
【分析】我认为看这部新电影是一个不错的选择。
【解答】根据句意：我认为看这部新电影是一个不错的选择。划线部分是从句真正的主语，不定式是形式主语。
故选：B。
【点评】熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
2．（1分）Choosing handwriting instead of using a keyboard results in good learning .划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．动词 B．名词 C．形容词
【分析】选择手写而不是使用键盘可以获得良好的学习效果。
【解答】result是动词，在句中作谓语，意思是"导致，获得......的效果"；是一般现在时，主语Choosing handwriting 是动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
故选：A。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，要牢记动词的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。
3．（1分）He surveyed himself in the mirror before going out.此句为___________。（ ）
A．简单句 B．复合句 C．并列句
【分析】他出门前照了照镜子。
【解答】根据句意"他出门前照了照镜子"，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般过去时态。其中代词He作主语，谓语用动词surveyed，反身代词himself作宾语，介词短语in the mirror作地点状语。介词短语before going out属于"介词+动名词"结构，此处作时间状语，不属于从句类型，推断为简单句。
故选：A。
【点评】本题的关键在于掌握介词短语before going out属于"介词+动名词"结构，不属于从句类型。
4．（1分）Whether you like it or not，you have to do it.句子中包含___________。（ ）
A．主语从句 B．状语从句 C．宾语从句
【分析】不管你喜欢与否，你都必须去做。
【解答】根据Whether you like it or not"不管你喜欢与否"可知，此处是Whether引导的让步状语从句。
故选：B。
【点评】需要分析句中各个成分，根据句子，选出正确答案。
5．（1分）I find it useful to learn English.句子结构为___________。（ ）
A．主语+谓语
B．主语+谓语+宾语
C．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
【分析】我发现学习英语有用。
【解答】I是主语；find是谓语动词；it是形式宾语；useful是形容词，作宾补；动词不定式to learn English是真正的宾语。
故选：C。
【点评】考查句子的结构，要牢记各种句型的结构及用法。
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。
6．（12分）The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river.Thornton was in the boat，while Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank，holding the boat with a rope.Buck，the dog，followed them，keeping a（n） （1） A eye on Thornton.
They came to a more （2） C part of the river，and the boat started to go too quickly.Hans pulled on the rope to stop it，but pulled it too hard.The boat （3） B ，and Thornton was thrown into the water.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he （4） A Thornton.Then Buck returned，with Thornton holding his tail.Buck swam towards the river bank.But they moved （5） B .Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough，so he let go of Buck，held on to a rock in the middle of the water，and （6） A ，" Go，Buck，go!"
Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank，and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that （7） C water，and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him.They （8） A their rope round Buck，who at once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton.The first time，the water took him （9） B the rock，and Pete and Hans had to pull him back.The second time，he swam higher up the river.Moreover，the water brought him down to Thornton.Thornton （10） B Buck，and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as they could.Man and dog disappeared under the water，（11） C rocks，turning over and over，sometimes with Buck on top，sometimes Thornton.When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out，both seemed more dead than alive.But after a while their eyes opened and （12） B returned.They all smiled.
（1） A.worried B.satisfied C.surprised
（2） A.important B.famous C.dangerous
（3） A.turned up B.turned over C.turned down
（4） A.reached B.saw C.saved
（5） A.carelessly B.slowly C.carefully
（6） A.shouted B.complained C.replied
（7） A.secret B.clear C.wild
（8） A.tied B.mixed C.relaxed
（9） A.under B.past C.through
（10） A.waited for B.held on to C.looked up at
（11） A.lifting B.controlling C.hitting
（12） A.fear B.life C.trust
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了三个人和一只狗在一条快速而崎岖的河流中移动。Thornton坐在船上，而Hans和Pete则沿着河岸走，用绳子拉着船。狗Buck紧紧地注视着Thornton。他们来到了河流中更险恶的部分，船开始加速。Hans用力拉绳子停下船，但拉得太用力了。船翻了，Thornton被抛入水中。Buck立刻跳入水中，游了300米直到找到Thornton。然后Buck带着Thornton回来，Thornton抓住Buck的尾巴。Buck朝河岸游去，但他们移动得太慢。Thornton知道他们不会及时到达河岸，所以他放开了Buck，抓住了水中的一块岩石，并对Buck说："去吧，Buck，去吧！"Buck拼命地游向河岸，Pete和Hans把他拉了上来。Thornton很难在那急流中坚持住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。他们把绳子系在Buck身上，Buck立刻跳入河中，试图游向Thornton。第一次，水把他带离了岩石，Pete和Hans不得不把他拉回来。第二次，他游得更高。此外，水把他带到了Thornton身边。Thornton抓住了Buck，Hans和Pete尽力拉绳子。人和狗在水下消失了，被岩石翻滚着，有时Buck在上面，有时是Thornton。当Hans和Pete最终把他们拉出来时，他们似乎比死还要死。但过了一会儿，他们的眼睛睁开了，他们都恢复了。他们都笑了。
【解答】（1）考查形容词辨析。句意：Thornton坐在船上，而Hans和Pete则沿着河岸走，用绳子拉着船。狗眼神担忧地注视着Thornton。worried担心的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；根据上文The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river（三人正沿着一个湍急多石的河流移动。）可知，河水急，又多石，很危险，所以狗狗眼神担忧地看着船上的人。故选A。
（2）考查形容词辨析。句意：他们来到了河流中更危险的部分。important重要的；famous.著名的；dangerous危险的；根据下文the boat started to gotoo quickly（船开始走的太快），可知他们到了一个更危险的地方。故选C。
（3）考查动词辨析。句意：船翻了，Thornton被抛入水中。turn up调高；turn over翻转；turn down调低。根据后文Thornton was thrown into the water（Thornton被扔进水里）可知，船翻了。故选 B。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：Buck立刻跳入水中，游了300米直到找到Thornton。reach到达；see.看到；save救。根据句意，贝克跳下水游了三百米直到它到达Thornton那儿。故选A。
（5）考查副词辨析。句意：Buck朝河岸游去，但他们移动得太慢。carelessly粗心地；slowly.缓慢地；carefully小心地。根据后文Thornton knew they would not get to the ba nk quickly enough（Thornton知道他们不会够快地到达岸边）可知，他们游动地很慢。故选B。
（6）考查动词辨析。句意：Thornton知道他们不会及时到达河岸，所以他放开了Buck，抓住了水中的一块岩石，并对Buck说："去吧，Buck，去吧！"shout大叫；complain抱怨；reply回答。根据句意，他抓着河中央的一块岩石并大叫"贝克，走，快走"。故选A。
（7）考查形容词辨析。句意：Thornton很难在那急流中坚持住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。secret秘密的；clear清楚的；wild狂野的。根据上文说河水危险，所以对于Thornton在这样一个狂野的河里很难抓住岩石。故选C。
（8）考查动词辨析。句意：他们把绳子系在Buck身上，Buck立刻跳入河中，试图游向Thornton。tie系；mix混合；relax放松。根据后文Pete and Hans had to pull him back（PeteandHans必须把它拉回来）可知，把绳子系在狗狗身上。故选A。
（9）考查介词辨析。句意：第一次，水把他带离了岩石，Pete和Hans不得不把他拉回来。under在下面；past经过；through穿过。根据句意，河水将它带到岩石边，PeteandHans必须把它拉回来，可知狗狗经过岩石时，被岩石绕住了。故选B。
（10）考查连词辨析。句意：此外，水把他带到了Thornton身边。Thornton抓住了Buck，Hans和Pete尽力拉绳子。wait for 等待；hold on to抓住；look up at仰望。根根句意可知，Thornton抓住了Buck。故选 B。
（11）考查动词辨析。句意：人和狗在水下消失了，被岩石翻滚着，有时Buck在上面，有时是Thornton。lift举；control控制；hit撞击。根据句意，人和狗消失在水下，撞击着岩石。故选C。
（12）考查名词辨析。句意：但过了一会儿，他们的眼睛睁开了，他们都恢复了。他们都笑了。fear害怕；life生命；trust信任。根据上文their eyes opened（他们的眼睛睁开了），可知，他们的命回来了。故选B。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案
三、阅读理解（共五篇短文）阅读A、B篇，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。
7．（5分）This is a story of a man who works in a big factory.I have seen him for years，but I've never paid any attention to him.He was a little bit weird（怪异的）.He always wore an old red hat and carried a rubbish bag.He usually spent his break time and his lunchtime walking around in that old big factory and collecting used tins（铝罐）.
One day，I was fixing one of the broken machines in the factory when this"tin man"came with his bag.As usual，he picked up the tins，which were all around the place.My manager was standing there，watching me.
When I finished my job，I heard my manager ask the"tin man"about what he was going to do with those tins he had collected.I never even thought about this kind of question，because I always assumed that"tin man"would take those tins to the recycling center.
Unexpectedly，the"tin man"answered，"I will give these tins to my neighbor.He has been ill for many years and cannot work."
I was so shocked to hear that，so I asked him："You mean you collect all those tins just to help your neighbor？"
"I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."
It was the most beautiful moment in my life.It has made me feel humble（谦卑的） every day since then.
（1）What's the relationship between the "tin man" and the writer？ C
A.Friends.
B.Neighbors.
C.Workmates.
（2）The underlined word "assumed" in Paragraph 3 probably means A in Chinese.
A.推断
B.提到
C.承担
（3）What was the"tin man"going to do with the tins？ B
A.To invent a machine with the tins.
B.To give the tins away to his neighbor.
C.To take the tins to the recycling center.
（4）What kind of person is the "tin man" according to the passage？ C
A.Poor.
B.Humble.
C.Warm﹣hearted.
（5）What's the story mainly about？ B
A.What the big factory was famous for.
B.How a man helped others in his own way.
C.The humblest man the writer has ever met.
【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了一个在大工厂工作的男人以自己的方式帮助邻居的故事。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中句子One day，I was fixing one of the broken machines in the factory when this"tin man"came with his bag.（有一天，我正在工厂修理一台坏掉的机器，这时这个"铁人"带着他的包来了。）可知，"铁人"和作者之间是同事。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文I never even thought about this kind of question（我从来没有想过这类问题）可知，作者推断为"铁人"会把那些铝罐送到回收中心。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中句子Unexpectedly，the"tin man"answered，"I will give these tins to my neighbor.（不料，铁人回答说："我要把这些铁皮送给我的邻居。）可知，"铁人"打算把这些铝罐送给而他的邻居。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段句子"I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."（"我知道这没有多大帮助，"他说。"但我把一切都给了他，因为他不能工作。他需要帮助。"）可以推断，"铁人"是个热心肠的人。故选C。
（5）主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段句子I was so shocked to hear that，so I asked him："You mean you collect all those tins just to help your neighbor？"（我听了很震惊，于是我问他："你是说你收集这些罐头只是为了帮助你的邻居？"）及倒数第二段句子 "I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."（我知道这没有多大帮助，"他说。"但我把一切都给了他，因为他不能工作。他需要帮助。"）可知，整篇文章在叙述一个在工厂收集铝罐的人，以他的方式帮助着邻居。选项B"一个人如何用自己的方式帮助别人。"符合内容。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．（5分）
100 Easy Science Experiments for Kids to do at Home（2023）
Do you have a little scientist living in the house with you？You're probably looking for science experiments for your kids at home.
We searched the Internet and practiced these science experiments with our own young kids.They're super educational and so much fun for kids of all ages!Each of these easy science experiments will take only about 30 minutes to complete from start to finish.They each use simple materials from around the house.And，they teach simple science knowledge that your kids will use in school.It's also a great way to learn about the scientific method that they'll use throughout their whole life. Here is a fun science experiment to introduce your child to the magical world of science!
Water Cycle In A Bag This is one of the best science experiments to teach your kids about the water cycle，and it's so easy to do!
Materials（材料）：Zip（拉链）lock bag，marker pen，water，blue food coloring
Steps： ◆Use a marker pen to draw a sky on the upper half of your Zip lock bag.Include clouds and the sun. ◆Fill a cup with water and add a few drops of blue food coloring.Mix it up until the water is blue. ◆Pour the water into the bag and zip it tight，so no water escapes. ◆Hang your bag up on a window that gets a lot of sunshine.In a couple of hours，you will see some drops of water will be in the"clouds"and other drops will be coming down like rain.
What's Happening？The sun is heating up the water in the bag，which turns the water into the gas.This happens in our atmosphere，too.Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go，it turns back into water.This experiment shows the power of the sun to turn water into different states. Click here for+99 More Science Experiments We Love
（1）Where are these science experiments from？ C
A.A cartoon book.
B.A travel guide.
C.A science website.
（2）What can we know about these experiments？ C
A.The experiments all take a long time to complete.
B.The experiments are only designed for kids before school.
C.The experiments are both educational and interesting.
（3）Which of the following steps is right in the experiment？ B
A.Draw a sky，clouds and the sun in the middle of the Zip lock bag.
B.You should zip the bag tight to avoid water running out of it.
C.Put the bag full of water on the ground for a few hours.
（4）Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word"atmosphere"？ A
A.Air.
B.Gas.
C.Water.
（5）Who is the passage written for？ B
A.Science teachers.
B.Parents with young kids.
C.Students in primary school.
【分析】本文主要介绍了100个适合孩子在家进行的科学实验，这些实验都非常有趣且教育性强，能够帮助孩子们学习简单的科学知识和科学方法。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第七行表格内的内容：Click here for+99 More Science Experiments We Love（点击此处获取+99个我们喜爱的更多科学实验）可知，这些科学实验来自一个科学网站。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三行表格内的内容：We searched the Internet and practiced these science experiments with our own young kids.They're super educational and so much fun for kids of all ages!（我们在网上搜索，和自己的孩子们一起练习这些科学实验。它们非常有教育意义，对所有年龄段的孩子来说都很有趣！）可知，关于这些实验我们能知道这些实验既有教育意义又有趣。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六行表格内的内容：Pour the water into the bag and zip it tight，so no water escapes.（把水倒进袋子里，拉上拉链，这样就不会有水漏出来。）可知，以下选项B"你应该把袋子的拉链拉紧，以免水从里面流出来"的步骤在实验中是正确的。故选B。
（4）词义猜测题。根据第七行表格内的内容：The sun is heating up the water in the bag，which turns the water into the gas.This happens in our atmosphere，too.Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go，it turns back into water.（太阳正在加热袋子里的水，使水变成气体。这种情况也发生在我们的大气层中。因为水在袋子里，无处可去，它又变成了水。）可知，下列单词"Air（空气）"可以代替带下划线的单词"大气"。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据第二行表格内的内容：Do you have a little scientist living in the house with you？You're probably looking for science experiments for your kids at home.（你家里住着一个小科学家吗？你可能在家里为你的孩子寻找科学实验。）可知，这篇文章是为有年幼孩子的父母写的。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．（5分）Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or her.
This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us ：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？
Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（烤面包片）phenomenon（现象）：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter﹣side down most of the time.
To prove（证明） this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.
In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter﹣side down 62 percent of the time.
But you may ask：Is it the butter that plays a role？Here comes Matthews' second experiment.This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter "B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B﹣side.
"Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.
根据短文内容判断下列句子的正（A）误（B）。
（1）According to Murphy's Law，if you don't want to be questioned by the teacher in class，you may end up failing answering the questions. B
（2）In the first experiment of buttered toast，we know the toast landed butter﹣side down about 620 times. B
（3）If the toast can land butter﹣side down，it will do according to Murphy's Law. A
（4）In the first experiment，the butter plays a role according to Matthews. B
（5）Murphy's Law doesn't depend on people's thoughts. A
【分析】本文主要介绍了莫菲定律（Murphy's Law）的概念和其背后的科学原理。
【解答】细节判断题
（1）根据第一段Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or her.（有时，当你担心你可能会考试不及格时，你最终会失败。或者在课堂上安排座位时，当你害怕坐在你不喜欢的人旁边时，你最终还是和他或她共用一张桌子。）有和第二段This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.（这就是墨菲定律告诉我们的：如果事情可能出错，那就一定会出错。）可知，根据墨菲定律，在英语课上，如果你不想被老师提问，你可能会在回答问题时失败是错误的，应该是你就会被提问，而不是回答问题失败。故答案为B。
（2）根据第五段In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter﹣side down 62 percent of the time.（在第一个实验中，每个学生把一片黄油吐司放在一个盘子里，让它掉下来20次，并注意它落在哪一边。在近10000次实验中，62%的情况下面包的黄油面朝下。）可知，可知在第一个涂了黄油的烤面包的实验中，我们知道烤面包的黄油面大约掉在下面620次是错误的，应该是6200次。故答案为B。
（3）根据第三段Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（烤面包片）phenomenon（现象）：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter﹣side down most of the time.（在关于墨菲定律的研究中，最著名的是黄油吐司现象：一个涂了黄油的吐司掉下来，大多数时候都是黄油的一面朝下。）可知，如果带黄油面的吐司面包朝下，那就符合墨菲定律。故答案为A。
（4）根据最后一段 "Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.（"吐司的一面朝下，因为人类的身高不足以让它以其他方式落地。"马修斯说。）可知，题干叙述"马修斯说，在第一个实验中，黄油起了作用。"是错误的。故答案为B。
（5）根据整篇文章内容及其第二段This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us ：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？（这就是墨菲定律告诉我们的：如果事情可能出错，那它就会出错。但这是真的吗？）及后面的结论 "Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.（"吐司的一面朝下，因为人类的身高不足以让它以其他方式落地。"马修斯说。）可知，如果站的足够高，就不一定是黄油落地的概率更大了，也就是说墨菲定律并不取决于人们的想法。故答案为A。
【点评】本文是一篇阅读判断题做，题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子判断所做小题描述是否正确．
10．（5分）We all know that exercise is good for us，don't we？（1） D Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!However，did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport？
For a start，exercise is not just about the body.Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.（2） E Finally，if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet，we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.Sounds like a good deal，doesn't it？
（3） A If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time，there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）：you will soon give up and go back to your old ways!Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body，but that you also enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favorite music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out.（4） B
It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. （5） C Who wouldn't want that？
A.Start small! B.That way，you'll never give it up! C.It's about being healthier and feeling happier. D.But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. E.Besides，regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲了运动的好处和如何开始锻炼。运动不仅仅是为了身体健康，还能让我们感到更快乐和更自信。开始锻炼时，可以选择一些简单的活动，比如散步或骑自行车，逐渐养成锻炼的习惯。选择一种自己喜欢的运动方式，可以让锻炼更加愉快。无论锻炼的程度如何，定期锻炼对外貌和健康都有好处。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据上文We all know that exercise is good for us，don't we？（我们都知道运动对我们有好处，不是吗？）和下文Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!（一想到必须跑很长一段路或游很长时间，就足以让一些人想躺下放弃！）可知说的是运动对我们有好处以及人们一想到必须跑很长一段路或游很长时间，就足以让一些人想躺下放弃，结合选项，应说但我们也知道，并不是每个人都喜欢这样做。故选D。
（2）根据上文Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.（移动我们的身体会使我们的大脑释放出一些特殊的化学物质，从而产生一种良好的感觉。仅仅十分钟的锻炼就能让我们感觉更快乐。）和下文Finally，if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet，we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.（最后，如果我们将锻炼与健康饮食联系起来，我们会看起来更健康，对自己更有信心。）可知说的是锻炼的好处，结合选项，应说此外，经常锻炼有助于我们感觉更新鲜，更容易入睡。故选E。
（3）根据下文If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time，there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）：you will soon give up and go back to your old ways!Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.（如果运动已经很久没有成为你生活的一部分了，那么马拉松的训练就没有意义了：你很快就会放弃，回到原来的生活方式！每天在当地公园散步和骑自行车十分钟是养成健身习惯的好方法。）可知说的是每天在当地公园散步和骑自行车十分钟是养成健身习惯的好方法，结合选项，应说从小处着手！故选A。
（4）根据上文Choose an activity that not only exercises your body，but that you also enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favorite music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. （选择一项不仅可以锻炼身体，而且你也喜欢的活动。有些人只是边听自己喜欢的音乐边慢跑。另一些人则与朋友一起参加舞蹈或打篮球等活动。在锻炼的过程中，让体验更加愉快。）可知说的是选择一项不仅可以锻炼身体，而且你也喜欢的活动，结合选项，应说那样的话，你永远不会放弃！故选B。
（5）根据上文It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance.（我们运动多少并不重要。有规律的运动不仅仅是为了外表。）可知说的是有规律的运动不仅仅是为了外表，结合选项，应说运动关于变得更健康和更快乐。故选C。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
11．（10分）If you want to go on an educational exchange（交换），you need to fill in an application form （申请表）.This is a sample（样本） of an application form for an educational exchange.
Application form
Family name Li Given name Xiaolan
Date of birth 22/06/2010 Place of birth Shanghai
Nationality Chinese Sex F
Address 155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China Postal code 200050
Telephone No. （8621）3222200 Email xiaolan.li09@
Educational background Junior High 2 passport No. G578115
Hobbies reading，swimming，collecting stamps
Reasons for applying I'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
Duration of study From 01/09/2023 To 05/01/2024
Signature of the applicant Date
Li Xiaolan 23/04/2023
（1）When was Li Xiaolan born？ She was born on June 22，2010.
（2）Where does Li Xiaolan live now？ 155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China.
（3）What grade is Li Xiaolan in now？ Junior High 2.
（4）Why does Li Xiaolan want to go on an educational exchange？ Because she'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
（5）How long will Li Xiaolan study in a foreign country？ For over 4 months.
【分析】本文是一份交换学生的申请表。
【解答】细节理解题。
（1）根据表格Date of birth：22/06/2010 （出生日期：22/06/2010）可知，她是2010年6月22日出生的。故填She was born on June 22，2010.
（2）根据表格Address：155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China （地址：中国上海市南京路155号）可知，她住在中国上海市南京路155号。故填155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China.
（3）根据表格Educational background：Junior High 2 （学历：初中2年级）可知，她是初中2年级。故填Junior High 2.
（4）根据表格Reasons for applying：I'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.（申请理由：我想体验说英语的国家的生活，也可以每天练习英语口语。）可知，因为她想体验说英语的国家的生活，也可以每天练习英语口语。故填Because she'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
（5）根据表格Duration of study：From 01/09/2023 To 05/01/2024（学习时间：从2023年9月1日至2024年1月5日）可知，她将在国外学习4个多月。故填For over 4 months.
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
四、单词拼写（共8小题，计8分）根据音标或首字母和汉语提示以适当形式填写单词。请将答案填写在答题纸指定位置。
12．（1分）Don't meet s trangers （陌生人） alone.It may be too dangerous.
【分析】不要单独去见陌生人。这可能太危险了。
【解答】stranger陌生人，可数名词，这里用复数表示泛指。
故填：strangers。
【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对名词的掌握。
13．（1分）Will it be c onvenient （方便的） for you to come here this afternoon？
【分析】你今天下午来这里方便吗？
【解答】根据提示"方便的"可知，是形容词convenient，这里作be的表语。
故答案为：convenient。
【点评】充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
14．（1分）I a dmired （仰慕） her when I first met her and I still think she's wonderful.
【分析】我第一次见到她时就很仰慕她，我依然认为她非常出色。
【解答】根据提示"仰慕"可知，是动词admire。这里是一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式。
故答案为：admired。
【点评】充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
15．（1分）We should make a plan to make us spend summer holiday w isely （明智地）.
【分析】我们应该制定一个计划，让我们明智地度过暑假。
【解答】根据提示"明智地"可知，是副词wisely，这里修饰动词spend。
故答案为：wisely。
【点评】充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
16．（1分）I am studying the basic rules of English grammar /'gr m / at school.
【分析】我在学校学习英语的基本语法规则。
【解答】根据音标/'gr m /可知，对应的单词是grammar，意为"语法"，不可数名词。
故答案为：grammar。
【点评】熟练掌握音标知识，能根据所给音标，正确拼写出单词。
17．（1分）If the driver is careful enough，the accident could be avoided / 'v d d/.
【分析】如果司机足够小心，事故可以被避免。
【解答】根据音标/ 'v d d/可知，对应的单词是avoided，意为"避免"，动词avoid的过去分词。
故答案为：avoided。
【点评】熟练掌握音标知识，能根据所给音标，正确拼写出单词。
18．（1分）Westminster Abbey is one of the most famous churches /'t t z/ in the world.
【分析】西敏寺是世界上最著名的教堂之一。
【解答】根据音标提示/'t t z/，可知英文表达是churches，意为"教堂"，可数名词church的复数形式。
故填：churches。
【点评】根据音标提示，结合语境，填写正确答案。
19．（1分）My English teacher often tells humorous / hju m r s/ stories to make her classes interesting.
【分析】我的英语老师经常讲一些幽默的故事来使她的课堂变得有趣。
【解答】根据音标提示，可知英文表达是humorous，意为"幽默的"，形容词，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词stories。
故填：humorous。
【点评】根据音标提示，结合句意，填写正确答案。
五、语法填空 阅读短文，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
20．（10分）Most children have a sweet tooth.However，（1） eating （ eat） too much candy or drinking too many sugary drinks is bad for our health.So far，many countries have started to do something（2） to control （ control） the amount of sugary drinks kids can have.
A law limiting the sale and advertisement of sugary drinks started in Boston，the US，in August.It（3） will be （ be） impossible to buy sugary drinks in schools and government buildings in the city next month.
Mayor Menino said of the reasons behind the law：" Forty （4） percent （ percent） of the kids in Boston public schools are too heavy."About one half of the US population aged 2 and older drink sugary drinks every day.One in five American children aged 12 to 19 is too heavy，according to the report.
Many other countries have taken similar actions already.In August，（5） France （ French）started a new tax（税） on sugary drinks.Hungary（匈牙利） introduced a similar tax in early September.Governments hope this will keep populations （6） healthier （ healthy）.
China（7） is facing （ face） the same problem now.According to a recent study by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，middle school students in big cities in our country each drink about 1，200 mL of sugary drinks every day.In the last 20 years，the number of overweight school children（8） has increased （ increase）5 to 10 times.
Gao Xiang of Harvard Medical School called on the Chinese government（9） to deal （ deal）with the situation.Some suggestions，including stopping the sale of sugary drinks in schools and limiting their advertisements，（10） were given （ give） by Gao，too.
【分析】本文主要讲述了儿童喜欢吃甜食，但是过多的糖分会对健康造成危害，因此很多国家开始采取措施控制儿童饮用含糖饮料的数量。波士顿市出台了一项法律，限制了含糖饮料的销售和广告，并在学校和政府大楼中禁止销售。其他国家也采取了类似的措施，如法国和匈牙利对含糖饮料征税，希望能保持人们的健康。中国也面临着同样的问题，学生每天饮用的含糖饮料数量很高，过重的学生数量也在不断增加，哈佛医学院的高翔呼吁中国政府采取措施解决这个问题，如在学校停止销售含糖饮料并限制广告。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：然而，吃太多糖或喝太多含糖饮料对我们的健康有害。eat表示"吃"，or是并列连词，后面是动名词drinking可知此处也是动名词。故填eating。
（2）考查不定式。句意：到目前为止，很多国家开始采取措施控制儿童饮用含糖饮料的数量。不定式表示目的，control表示"控制"。故填to control。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：下个月，这座城市的学校和政府大楼里买含糖饮料是不可能的。根据next month可知此处用一般将来时。故填will be。
（4）考查名词。句意：波士顿公立学校40%的孩子都很重。percent表示"百分率"，直接用单数。故填percent。
（5）考查名词。句意：八月，法国对含糖饮料征税。France表示"法国"，根据句意可知此处指法国政府。故填France。
（6）考查形容词比较级。句意：政府希望这项措施能保持人们更健康。keep+形容词表示"保持......"，此处指征税后比之前，人们更健康，故用比较级。healthy表示"健康的"。故填healthier。
（7）考查动词时态。句意：中国正面临相同的问题。face表示"面对"，now表示"现在"，用现在进行时，主语是单数China，be动词用is。故填is facing。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：在过去的20年里，超重儿童的数量已经增加了5到10倍。increase表示"增加"，in the last 20 years表示"在过去的20年里"，用于现在完成时。主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has increased。
（9）考查不定式。句意：哈佛医学院的高翔呼吁中国政府采取措施解决这个问题。不定式表示目的，deal with表示"处理，解决"。故填to deal。
（10）考查被动语态。句意：一些建议，包括停止在学校出售含糖饮料和限制它们的广告。give表示"给"，与主语suggestions是动宾关系，需用被动语态。根据called可知此处用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were given。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
六 完成句子（共5小题，计10分）根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。
21．（2分）你还没有坐船横跨过太平洋，是不是？ You haven't crossed the Pacific by boat yet，have you？
【分析】你还没有坐船横跨过太平洋，是不是？
【解答】根据题干可知，本题句子为现在完成时，需用"have/has+动词的过去分词"表示，且本题句子为否定句，故需在助动词have/has后面加否定词not，主语是you，助动词用have；cross意为"穿越，跨过"，动词词性，其过去分词为crossed；the Pacific意为"太平洋"；by boat为固定搭配，意为"坐船"；yet意为"还"，一般用于完成时态句子的句末；"助动词+主语"置于句末表示反意疑问句，符合本题语境。
故答案为：You haven't crossed the Pacific by boat yet，have you。
【点评】做句子翻译题，要结合语法知识，如时态、语态、词形变化等进行作答。最重要的是要熟练掌握常用词组、句型和习惯搭配。
22．（2分）好的工作人员习惯于通过闲聊打破僵局。 Good staff are used to breaking the deadlock through chatting.
【分析】好的工作人员习惯于通过闲聊打破僵局。
【解答】"好的工作人员"good staff，在句中作主语，staff是集合名词，看作复数；be used to doing"习惯于……"，固定搭配，主语是复数，be动词用are；break the deadlock打破僵局；through通过……，介词，后跟chat"聊天"的动名词形式chatting。
故答案为：Good staff are used to breaking the deadlock through chatting。
【点评】做句子翻译题，要结合语法知识，如时态、语态、词形变化等进行作答。最重要的是要熟练掌握常用词组、句型和习惯搭配。
23．（2分）你上周末尽可能多地练习英语口语了吗？ Did you practice spoken English as much as you could last weekend？
【分析】你上周末尽可能多地练习英语口语了吗？
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：practice spoken English练习英语口语；as much as you could 尽可能多的；last weekend上周末。时态是一般过去时。
故答案为：Did you practice spoken English as much as you could last weekend？
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
24．（2分）当他人遇到麻烦时，他总是乐意出手相助。 He is always ready to help others when they are in trouble.
【分析】He is always ready to help others when they are in trouble.
【解答】"当他人遇到麻烦时"应翻译为用when引导的时间状语从句；"遇到麻烦时"译为be in trouble；"总是"用频度副词always表示；"乐意出手相处"用固定短语be ready to help others表示，主语"他"（he）是第三人称单数，因此be动词用is。
故答案为：He is always ready to help others when they are in trouble.
【点评】在进行汉译英时，应首先分析句子的主干，理清句子的种类和结构，并熟练掌握中文词汇对应的单词和固定短语，进行合理对应的翻译。
25．（2分）如果你对某事集中精力，你就会把它学的更好。
If you concentrate on something，you will learn it better.
【分析】如果你对某事集中精力，你就会把它学的更好。
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：if如果；引导条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形；concentrate on something对某事集中精力；learn it better把它学的更好。
故答案为If you concentrate on something，you will learn it better.
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，结合题意，给出答案。
七 短文填空 （共1小题，计10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项至多使用一次。
26．（10分）
A.for help B.happy C.Unluckily D.However E.opening the door F.have fed G.usual H.Since I.cute J.lowered their heads
It was a fine day.The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.The kids were playing in their backyard when a little cat tried to cross into their yard.（1） C ，it got stuck（卡住的）under the fence.The kids tried to free the cat，but they couldn't.So they asked their mother（2） A .The mother freed the cat.The cat looked so（3） I that the children begged （乞求） to keep it.Their mother said，"I don't mind myself，but you must ask your father."
The kids waited anxiously for their dad back from work."Do you think our dad will allow us to keep it ？"the girl asked.Before the boy answered the girl，they heard their father （4） E ." Hi，daddy，" they both shouted loudly at the same time.
" You are surely happier than（5） G to see today.What is up？" their father said.
"Nothing，daddy.We just love you so much，"the girl replied.That's when their mother said，"Go ahead.Ask your dad."
The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat.The father said，"No，you can't.We （6） F five cats so far.Your mommy and I have no time to take care of them any more." Hearing this，the kids（7） J disappointedly（失望地）.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids' faces，the father changed his mind.He said，"All right.（8） H you love it so much，you can keep it." Hearing this，the kids happily screamed，" Hooray!Thank you，daddy!"（9） D ，the father added that they must promise to look after the cat by themselves.
The kids were so（10） B to have another pet friend.Then the cat was given the name "Lucky"by the kids.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个晴朗的日子，孩子们在后院玩耍时，一只小猫被困在篱笆下。他们试图解救猫，但无法成功，于是他们请求母亲帮忙。母亲解救了猫，孩子们请求保留它。母亲说，她不介意，但必须问父亲的意见。孩子们焦急地等待父亲下班回家。他们听到父亲的声音时，高兴地叫道："爸爸，你回来了！"父亲说，他们一定比任何人都更开心见到他。女孩问男孩他们爸爸是否会同意他们养猫，但还没等男孩回答，他们听到母亲说："去问问你们爸爸吧。"女孩告诉爸爸发生了什么，并请求养猫。父亲说："不行，你们不能养。我们已经养了五只猫了，你们妈妈和我没有时间照顾它们了。"孩子们失望地听到这个回答。看到孩子们脸上的悲伤表情，父亲改变了主意。他说："好吧，既然你们这么喜欢它，你们可以养。"孩子们高兴地尖叫："万岁！谢谢爸爸！"父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾好这只猫。孩子们非常高兴能有另一个宠物朋友。然后，孩子们给这只猫取名为"幸运"。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：不幸的是，它卡在栅栏下面了。根据it got stuck（卡住的）under the fence（它卡在栅栏下面了）可知它卡在栅栏下面是不幸的。Unluckily"不幸的"符合题意。故选C。
（2）考查短语。句意：于是他们向妈妈求助。ask sb.for help"向某人求助"是固定搭配。for help"...帮助"符合题意。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：那只猫看起来很可爱，孩子们求着把它留下。根据the children begged （乞求） to keep it（孩子们求着把它留下）结合选项可知cute"可爱的"符合题意。故选I。
（4）考查短语。句意：在男孩回答女孩之前，他们听到父亲开门的声音。根据第二段" Hi，daddy，" they both shouted loudly at the same time.（"嗨，爸爸。"他们同时大声喊道。）可知爸爸回来了。opening the door"开门"符合题意。故选E。
（5）考查形容词。句意："你今天一定比平时高兴。怎么了？他们的父亲说。than usual"较平常"固定短语。usual"平常的"符合题意。故选G。
（6）考查动词。句意：到目前为止，我们已经喂了五只猫。根据five cats（五只猫）可知是养了五只猫。have fed"已经喂养"符合题意。故选F。
（7）考查短语。句意：孩子们听了，失望地低下了头。根据disappointedly（失望地）结合选项可知lowered their heads"低下头"符合题意。故选J。
（8）考查连词。句意：既然你们这么喜欢它，你们就留着吧。you love it so much（你们这么喜欢它）和you can keep it（你们就留着吧）是让步关系，结合选项可知Since"既然"符合题意。故选H。
（9）考查副词。句意：然而，父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾猫。Hearing this，the kids happily screamed，" Hooray!Thank you，daddy!"（听到这些，孩子们高兴地尖叫起来："万岁!谢谢你，爸爸!"）和the father added that they must promise to look after the cat by themselves.（父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾猫。）是转折关系。结合选项可知However"然而"符合题意。故选D。
（10）考查形容词。句意：孩子们很高兴又多了一个宠物朋友。根据to have another pet friend（多了一个宠物朋友）可知孩子们是高兴的。结合选项可知happy"高兴的"符合题意。故选B。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
八 书面表达（共1小题，计15分） 请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。
27．（15分）我们每个人都有自己的梦想，同学们你们的梦想是什么？为了实现梦想你们应该怎么做呢？请以"My dream"为题，写一篇介绍自己梦想的作文。
要求：
（1）文中不要出现真实的校名和姓名；
（2）词数100左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Everyone has a dream.___________
【分析】【高分句型一】
When meet any difficulty，I won't give it up，and must get it over.遇到任何困难，我都不会放弃，必须克服。
When 引导时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I'm sure it's very important to dream.我相信梦想是非常重要的。
I'm sure +宾语从句，表示我相信……
【解答】
My dream
Everyone has a dream.As young students，we have many kinds of dreams.These dreams are our China dreams.The dreams can be very big and they can also be small.In fact a big dream is made up of many small dreams.（我对梦想的理解）
My name's Li Hong.I also have a dream.I dream of becoming a great scientist.（我的梦想）From now on，I have to study hard to achieve my dream.I must learn as much as I can.When meet any difficulty，I won't give it up，and must get it over.【高分句型一】I'm sure it's very important to dream. 【高分句型二】Some dreams are more realistic，while others are not.No matter what our dreams are，we should hold on to them，and they can just come true one day.（为实现梦想，将怎么做）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
一、基础知识（共5小题，计5分）从每小题A、B、C中选择最佳答案。
1．（1分）I think it is a good choice to watch the new movie.划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．宾语 B．主语 C．定语
2．（1分）Choosing handwriting instead of using a keyboard results in good learning .划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．动词 B．名词 C．形容词
3．（1分）He surveyed himself in the mirror before going out.此句为___________。（ ）
A．简单句 B．复合句 C．并列句
4．（1分）Whether you like it or not，you have to do it.句子中包含___________。（ ）
A．主语从句 B．状语从句 C．宾语从句
5．（1分）I find it useful to learn English.句子结构为___________。（ ）
A．主语+谓语
B．主语+谓语+宾语
C．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。
6．（12分）The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river.Thornton was in the boat，while Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank，holding the boat with a rope.Buck，the dog，followed them，keeping a（n） （1） eye on Thornton.
They came to a more （2） part of the river，and the boat started to go too quickly.Hans pulled on the rope to stop it，but pulled it too hard.The boat （3） ，and Thornton was thrown into the water.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he （4） Thornton.Then Buck returned，with Thornton holding his tail.Buck swam towards the river bank.But they moved （5） .Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough，so he let go of Buck，held on to a rock in the middle of the water，and （6） ，" Go，Buck，go!"
Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank，and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that （7） water，and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him.They （8） their rope round Buck，who at once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton.The first time，the water took him （9） the rock，and Pete and Hans had to pull him back.The second time，he swam higher up the river.Moreover，the water brought him down to Thornton.Thornton （10） Buck，and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as they could.Man and dog disappeared under the water，（11） rocks，turning over and over，sometimes with Buck on top，sometimes Thornton.When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out，both seemed more dead than alive.But after a while their eyes opened and （12） returned.They all smiled.
（1） A.worried B.satisfied C.surprised
（2） A.important B.famous C.dangerous
（3） A.turned up B.turned over C.turned down
（4） A.reached B.saw C.saved
（5） A.carelessly B.slowly C.carefully
（6） A.shouted B.complained C.replied
（7） A.secret B.clear C.wild
（8） A.tied B.mixed C.relaxed
（9） A.under B.past C.through
（10） A.waited for B.held on to C.looked up at
（11） A.lifting B.controlling C.hitting
（12） A.fear B.life C.trust
三、阅读理解（共五篇短文）阅读A、B篇，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。
7．（5分）This is a story of a man who works in a big factory.I have seen him for years，but I've never paid any attention to him.He was a little bit weird（怪异的）.He always wore an old red hat and carried a rubbish bag.He usually spent his break time and his lunchtime walking around in that old big factory and collecting used tins（铝罐）.
One day，I was fixing one of the broken machines in the factory when this"tin man"came with his bag.As usual，he picked up the tins，which were all around the place.My manager was standing there，watching me.
When I finished my job，I heard my manager ask the"tin man"about what he was going to do with those tins he had collected.I never even thought about this kind of question，because I always assumed that"tin man"would take those tins to the recycling center.
Unexpectedly，the"tin man"answered，"I will give these tins to my neighbor.He has been ill for many years and cannot work."
I was so shocked to hear that，so I asked him："You mean you collect all those tins just to help your neighbor？"
"I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."
It was the most beautiful moment in my life.It has made me feel humble（谦卑的） every day since then.
（1）What's the relationship between the "tin man" and the writer？
A.Friends.
B.Neighbors.
C.Workmates.
（2）The underlined word "assumed" in Paragraph 3 probably means in Chinese.
A.推断
B.提到
C.承担
（3）What was the"tin man"going to do with the tins？
A.To invent a machine with the tins.
B.To give the tins away to his neighbor.
C.To take the tins to the recycling center.
（4）What kind of person is the "tin man" according to the passage？
A.Poor.
B.Humble.
C.Warm﹣hearted.
（5）What's the story mainly about？
A.What the big factory was famous for.
B.How a man helped others in his own way.
C.The humblest man the writer has ever met.
8．（5分）
100 Easy Science Experiments for Kids to do at Home（2023）
Do you have a little scientist living in the house with you？You're probably looking for science experiments for your kids at home.
We searched the Internet and practiced these science experiments with our own young kids.They're super educational and so much fun for kids of all ages!Each of these easy science experiments will take only about 30 minutes to complete from start to finish.They each use simple materials from around the house.And，they teach simple science knowledge that your kids will use in school.It's also a great way to learn about the scientific method that they'll use throughout their whole life. Here is a fun science experiment to introduce your child to the magical world of science!
Water Cycle In A Bag This is one of the best science experiments to teach your kids about the water cycle，and it's so easy to do!
Materials（材料）：Zip（拉链）lock bag，marker pen，water，blue food coloring
Steps： ◆Use a marker pen to draw a sky on the upper half of your Zip lock bag.Include clouds and the sun. ◆Fill a cup with water and add a few drops of blue food coloring.Mix it up until the water is blue. ◆Pour the water into the bag and zip it tight，so no water escapes. ◆Hang your bag up on a window that gets a lot of sunshine.In a couple of hours，you will see some drops of water will be in the"clouds"and other drops will be coming down like rain.
What's Happening？The sun is heating up the water in the bag，which turns the water into the gas.This happens in our atmosphere，too.Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go，it turns back into water.This experiment shows the power of the sun to turn water into different states. Click here for+99 More Science Experiments We Love
（1）Where are these science experiments from？
A.A cartoon book.
B.A travel guide.
C.A science website.
（2）What can we know about these experiments？
A.The experiments all take a long time to complete.
B.The experiments are only designed for kids before school.
C.The experiments are both educational and interesting.
（3）Which of the following steps is right in the experiment？
A.Draw a sky，clouds and the sun in the middle of the Zip lock bag.
B.You should zip the bag tight to avoid water running out of it.
C.Put the bag full of water on the ground for a few hours.
（4）Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word"atmosphere"？
A.Air.
B.Gas.
C.Water.
（5）Who is the passage written for？
A.Science teachers.
B.Parents with young kids.
C.Students in primary school.
9．（5分）Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or her.
This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us ：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？
Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（烤面包片）phenomenon（现象）：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter﹣side down most of the time.
To prove（证明） this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.
In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter﹣side down 62 percent of the time.
But you may ask：Is it the butter that plays a role？Here comes Matthews' second experiment.This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter "B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B﹣side.
"Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.
根据短文内容判断下列句子的正（A）误（B）。
（1）According to Murphy's Law，if you don't want to be questioned by the teacher in class，you may end up failing answering the questions.
（2）In the first experiment of buttered toast，we know the toast landed butter﹣side down about 620 times.
（3）If the toast can land butter﹣side down，it will do according to Murphy's Law.
（4）In the first experiment，the butter plays a role according to Matthews.
（5）Murphy's Law doesn't depend on people's thoughts.
10．（5分）We all know that exercise is good for us，don't we？（1） Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!However，did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport？
For a start，exercise is not just about the body.Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.（2） Finally，if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet，we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.Sounds like a good deal，doesn't it？
（3） If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time，there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）：you will soon give up and go back to your old ways!Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body，but that you also enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favorite music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out.（4）
It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. （5） Who wouldn't want that？
A.Start small! B.That way，you'll never give it up! C.It's about being healthier and feeling happier. D.But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. E.Besides，regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily.
11．（10分）If you want to go on an educational exchange（交换），you need to fill in an application form （申请表）.This is a sample（样本） of an application form for an educational exchange.
Application form
Family name Li Given name Xiaolan
Date of birth 22/06/2010 Place of birth Shanghai
Nationality Chinese Sex F
Address 155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China Postal code 200050
Telephone No. （8621）3222200 Email xiaolan.li09@
Educational background Junior High 2 passport No. G578115
Hobbies reading，swimming，collecting stamps
Reasons for applying I'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
Duration of study From 01/09/2023 To 05/01/2024
Signature of the applicant Date
Li Xiaolan 23/04/2023
（1）When was Li Xiaolan born？
（2）Where does Li Xiaolan live now？
（3）What grade is Li Xiaolan in now？
（4）Why does Li Xiaolan want to go on an educational exchange？
（5）How long will Li Xiaolan study in a foreign country？
四、单词拼写（共8小题，计8分）根据音标或首字母和汉语提示以适当形式填写单词。请将答案填写在答题纸指定位置。
12．（1分）Don't meet s （陌生人） alone.It may be too dangerous.
13．（1分）Will it be c （方便的） for you to come here this afternoon？
14．（1分）I a （仰慕） her when I first met her and I still think she's wonderful.
15．（1分）We should make a plan to make us spend summer holiday w （明智地）.
16．（1分）I am studying the basic rules of English /'gr m / at school.
17．（1分）If the driver is careful enough，the accident could be / 'v d d/.
18．（1分）Westminster Abbey is one of the most famous /'t t z/ in the world.
19．（1分）My English teacher often tells / hju m r s/ stories to make her classes interesting.
五、语法填空 阅读短文，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
20．（10分）Most children have a sweet tooth.However，（1） （ eat） too much candy or drinking too many sugary drinks is bad for our health.So far，many countries have started to do something（2） （ control） the amount of sugary drinks kids can have.
A law limiting the sale and advertisement of sugary drinks started in Boston，the US，in August.It（3） （ be） impossible to buy sugary drinks in schools and government buildings in the city next month.
Mayor Menino said of the reasons behind the law：" Forty （4） （ percent） of the kids in Boston public schools are too heavy."About one half of the US population aged 2 and older drink sugary drinks every day.One in five American children aged 12 to 19 is too heavy，according to the report.
Many other countries have taken similar actions already.In August，（5） （ French）started a new tax（税） on sugary drinks.Hungary（匈牙利） introduced a similar tax in early September.Governments hope this will keep populations （6） （ healthy）.
China（7） （ face） the same problem now.According to a recent study by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，middle school students in big cities in our country each drink about 1，200 mL of sugary drinks every day.In the last 20 years，the number of overweight school children（8） （ increase）5 to 10 times.
Gao Xiang of Harvard Medical School called on the Chinese government（9） （ deal）with the situation.Some suggestions，including stopping the sale of sugary drinks in schools and limiting their advertisements，（10） （ give） by Gao，too.
六、完成句子（共5小题，计10分）根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。
21．（2分）你还没有坐船横跨过太平洋，是不是？
22．（2分）好的工作人员习惯于通过闲聊打破僵局。
23．（2分）你上周末尽可能多地练习英语口语了吗？
24．（2分）当他人遇到麻烦时，他总是乐意出手相助。
25．（2分）如果你对某事集中精力，你就会把它学的更好。
七 短文填空 （共1小题，计10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项至多使用一次。
26．（10分）
A.for help B.happy C.Unluckily D.However E.opening the door F.have fed G.usual H.Since I.cute J.lowered their heads
It was a fine day.The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.The kids were playing in their backyard when a little cat tried to cross into their yard.（1） ，it got stuck（卡住的）under the fence.The kids tried to free the cat，but they couldn't.So they asked their mother（2） .The mother freed the cat.The cat looked so（3） that the children begged （乞求） to keep it.Their mother said，"I don't mind myself，but you must ask your father."
The kids waited anxiously for their dad back from work."Do you think our dad will allow us to keep it ？"the girl asked.Before the boy answered the girl，they heard their father （4） ." Hi，daddy，" they both shouted loudly at the same time.
" You are surely happier than（5） to see today.What is up？" their father said.
"Nothing，daddy.We just love you so much，"the girl replied.That's when their mother said，"Go ahead.Ask your dad."
The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat.The father said，"No，you can't.We （6） five cats so far.Your mommy and I have no time to take care of them any more." Hearing this，the kids（7） disappointedly（失望地）.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids' faces，the father changed his mind.He said，"All right.（8） you love it so much，you can keep it." Hearing this，the kids happily screamed，" Hooray!Thank you，daddy!"（9） ，the father added that they must promise to look after the cat by themselves.
The kids were so（10） to have another pet friend.Then the cat was given the name "Lucky"by the kids.
八、书面表达（共1小题，计15分） 请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。
27．（15分）我们每个人都有自己的梦想，同学们你们的梦想是什么？为了实现梦想你们应该怎么做呢？请以"My dream"为题，写一篇介绍自己梦想的作文。
要求：
（1）文中不要出现真实的校名和姓名；
（2）词数100左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Everyone has a dream.___________
参考答案与试题解析
一、基础知识（共5小题，计5分）从每小题A、B、C中选择最佳答案。
1．（1分）I think it is a good choice to watch the new movie.划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．宾语 B．主语 C．定语
【分析】我认为看这部新电影是一个不错的选择。
【解答】根据句意：我认为看这部新电影是一个不错的选择。划线部分是从句真正的主语，不定式是形式主语。
故选：B。
【点评】熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
2．（1分）Choosing handwriting instead of using a keyboard results in good learning .划线部分作___________。（ ）
A．动词 B．名词 C．形容词
【分析】选择手写而不是使用键盘可以获得良好的学习效果。
【解答】result是动词，在句中作谓语，意思是"导致，获得......的效果"；是一般现在时，主语Choosing handwriting 是动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
故选：A。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，要牢记动词的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。
3．（1分）He surveyed himself in the mirror before going out.此句为___________。（ ）
A．简单句 B．复合句 C．并列句
【分析】他出门前照了照镜子。
【解答】根据句意"他出门前照了照镜子"，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般过去时态。其中代词He作主语，谓语用动词surveyed，反身代词himself作宾语，介词短语in the mirror作地点状语。介词短语before going out属于"介词+动名词"结构，此处作时间状语，不属于从句类型，推断为简单句。
故选：A。
【点评】本题的关键在于掌握介词短语before going out属于"介词+动名词"结构，不属于从句类型。
4．（1分）Whether you like it or not，you have to do it.句子中包含___________。（ ）
A．主语从句 B．状语从句 C．宾语从句
【分析】不管你喜欢与否，你都必须去做。
【解答】根据Whether you like it or not"不管你喜欢与否"可知，此处是Whether引导的让步状语从句。
故选：B。
【点评】需要分析句中各个成分，根据句子，选出正确答案。
5．（1分）I find it useful to learn English.句子结构为___________。（ ）
A．主语+谓语
B．主语+谓语+宾语
C．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
【分析】我发现学习英语有用。
【解答】I是主语；find是谓语动词；it是形式宾语；useful是形容词，作宾补；动词不定式to learn English是真正的宾语。
故选：C。
【点评】考查句子的结构，要牢记各种句型的结构及用法。
二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。
6．（12分）The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river.Thornton was in the boat，while Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank，holding the boat with a rope.Buck，the dog，followed them，keeping a（n） （1） A eye on Thornton.
They came to a more （2） C part of the river，and the boat started to go too quickly.Hans pulled on the rope to stop it，but pulled it too hard.The boat （3） B ，and Thornton was thrown into the water.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters until he （4） A Thornton.Then Buck returned，with Thornton holding his tail.Buck swam towards the river bank.But they moved （5） B .Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough，so he let go of Buck，held on to a rock in the middle of the water，and （6） A ，" Go，Buck，go!"
Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank，and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in that （7） C water，and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him.They （8） A their rope round Buck，who at once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton.The first time，the water took him （9） B the rock，and Pete and Hans had to pull him back.The second time，he swam higher up the river.Moreover，the water brought him down to Thornton.Thornton （10） B Buck，and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as they could.Man and dog disappeared under the water，（11） C rocks，turning over and over，sometimes with Buck on top，sometimes Thornton.When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out，both seemed more dead than alive.But after a while their eyes opened and （12） B returned.They all smiled.
（1） A.worried B.satisfied C.surprised
（2） A.important B.famous C.dangerous
（3） A.turned up B.turned over C.turned down
（4） A.reached B.saw C.saved
（5） A.carelessly B.slowly C.carefully
（6） A.shouted B.complained C.replied
（7） A.secret B.clear C.wild
（8） A.tied B.mixed C.relaxed
（9） A.under B.past C.through
（10） A.waited for B.held on to C.looked up at
（11） A.lifting B.controlling C.hitting
（12） A.fear B.life C.trust
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了三个人和一只狗在一条快速而崎岖的河流中移动。Thornton坐在船上，而Hans和Pete则沿着河岸走，用绳子拉着船。狗Buck紧紧地注视着Thornton。他们来到了河流中更险恶的部分，船开始加速。Hans用力拉绳子停下船，但拉得太用力了。船翻了，Thornton被抛入水中。Buck立刻跳入水中，游了300米直到找到Thornton。然后Buck带着Thornton回来，Thornton抓住Buck的尾巴。Buck朝河岸游去，但他们移动得太慢。Thornton知道他们不会及时到达河岸，所以他放开了Buck，抓住了水中的一块岩石，并对Buck说："去吧，Buck，去吧！"Buck拼命地游向河岸，Pete和Hans把他拉了上来。Thornton很难在那急流中坚持住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。他们把绳子系在Buck身上，Buck立刻跳入河中，试图游向Thornton。第一次，水把他带离了岩石，Pete和Hans不得不把他拉回来。第二次，他游得更高。此外，水把他带到了Thornton身边。Thornton抓住了Buck，Hans和Pete尽力拉绳子。人和狗在水下消失了，被岩石翻滚着，有时Buck在上面，有时是Thornton。当Hans和Pete最终把他们拉出来时，他们似乎比死还要死。但过了一会儿，他们的眼睛睁开了，他们都恢复了。他们都笑了。
【解答】（1）考查形容词辨析。句意：Thornton坐在船上，而Hans和Pete则沿着河岸走，用绳子拉着船。狗眼神担忧地注视着Thornton。worried担心的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；根据上文The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river（三人正沿着一个湍急多石的河流移动。）可知，河水急，又多石，很危险，所以狗狗眼神担忧地看着船上的人。故选A。
（2）考查形容词辨析。句意：他们来到了河流中更危险的部分。important重要的；famous.著名的；dangerous危险的；根据下文the boat started to gotoo quickly（船开始走的太快），可知他们到了一个更危险的地方。故选C。
（3）考查动词辨析。句意：船翻了，Thornton被抛入水中。turn up调高；turn over翻转；turn down调低。根据后文Thornton was thrown into the water（Thornton被扔进水里）可知，船翻了。故选 B。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：Buck立刻跳入水中，游了300米直到找到Thornton。reach到达；see.看到；save救。根据句意，贝克跳下水游了三百米直到它到达Thornton那儿。故选A。
（5）考查副词辨析。句意：Buck朝河岸游去，但他们移动得太慢。carelessly粗心地；slowly.缓慢地；carefully小心地。根据后文Thornton knew they would not get to the ba nk quickly enough（Thornton知道他们不会够快地到达岸边）可知，他们游动地很慢。故选B。
（6）考查动词辨析。句意：Thornton知道他们不会及时到达河岸，所以他放开了Buck，抓住了水中的一块岩石，并对Buck说："去吧，Buck，去吧！"shout大叫；complain抱怨；reply回答。根据句意，他抓着河中央的一块岩石并大叫"贝克，走，快走"。故选A。
（7）考查形容词辨析。句意：Thornton很难在那急流中坚持住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的时间来救他。secret秘密的；clear清楚的；wild狂野的。根据上文说河水危险，所以对于Thornton在这样一个狂野的河里很难抓住岩石。故选C。
（8）考查动词辨析。句意：他们把绳子系在Buck身上，Buck立刻跳入河中，试图游向Thornton。tie系；mix混合；relax放松。根据后文Pete and Hans had to pull him back（PeteandHans必须把它拉回来）可知，把绳子系在狗狗身上。故选A。
（9）考查介词辨析。句意：第一次，水把他带离了岩石，Pete和Hans不得不把他拉回来。under在下面；past经过；through穿过。根据句意，河水将它带到岩石边，PeteandHans必须把它拉回来，可知狗狗经过岩石时，被岩石绕住了。故选B。
（10）考查连词辨析。句意：此外，水把他带到了Thornton身边。Thornton抓住了Buck，Hans和Pete尽力拉绳子。wait for 等待；hold on to抓住；look up at仰望。根根句意可知，Thornton抓住了Buck。故选 B。
（11）考查动词辨析。句意：人和狗在水下消失了，被岩石翻滚着，有时Buck在上面，有时是Thornton。lift举；control控制；hit撞击。根据句意，人和狗消失在水下，撞击着岩石。故选C。
（12）考查名词辨析。句意：但过了一会儿，他们的眼睛睁开了，他们都恢复了。他们都笑了。fear害怕；life生命；trust信任。根据上文their eyes opened（他们的眼睛睁开了），可知，他们的命回来了。故选B。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案
三、阅读理解（共五篇短文）阅读A、B篇，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。
7．（5分）This is a story of a man who works in a big factory.I have seen him for years，but I've never paid any attention to him.He was a little bit weird（怪异的）.He always wore an old red hat and carried a rubbish bag.He usually spent his break time and his lunchtime walking around in that old big factory and collecting used tins（铝罐）.
One day，I was fixing one of the broken machines in the factory when this"tin man"came with his bag.As usual，he picked up the tins，which were all around the place.My manager was standing there，watching me.
When I finished my job，I heard my manager ask the"tin man"about what he was going to do with those tins he had collected.I never even thought about this kind of question，because I always assumed that"tin man"would take those tins to the recycling center.
Unexpectedly，the"tin man"answered，"I will give these tins to my neighbor.He has been ill for many years and cannot work."
I was so shocked to hear that，so I asked him："You mean you collect all those tins just to help your neighbor？"
"I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."
It was the most beautiful moment in my life.It has made me feel humble（谦卑的） every day since then.
（1）What's the relationship between the "tin man" and the writer？ C
A.Friends.
B.Neighbors.
C.Workmates.
（2）The underlined word "assumed" in Paragraph 3 probably means A in Chinese.
A.推断
B.提到
C.承担
（3）What was the"tin man"going to do with the tins？ B
A.To invent a machine with the tins.
B.To give the tins away to his neighbor.
C.To take the tins to the recycling center.
（4）What kind of person is the "tin man" according to the passage？ C
A.Poor.
B.Humble.
C.Warm﹣hearted.
（5）What's the story mainly about？ B
A.What the big factory was famous for.
B.How a man helped others in his own way.
C.The humblest man the writer has ever met.
【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了一个在大工厂工作的男人以自己的方式帮助邻居的故事。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中句子One day，I was fixing one of the broken machines in the factory when this"tin man"came with his bag.（有一天，我正在工厂修理一台坏掉的机器，这时这个"铁人"带着他的包来了。）可知，"铁人"和作者之间是同事。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文I never even thought about this kind of question（我从来没有想过这类问题）可知，作者推断为"铁人"会把那些铝罐送到回收中心。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中句子Unexpectedly，the"tin man"answered，"I will give these tins to my neighbor.（不料，铁人回答说："我要把这些铁皮送给我的邻居。）可知，"铁人"打算把这些铝罐送给而他的邻居。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段句子"I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."（"我知道这没有多大帮助，"他说。"但我把一切都给了他，因为他不能工作。他需要帮助。"）可以推断，"铁人"是个热心肠的人。故选C。
（5）主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段句子I was so shocked to hear that，so I asked him："You mean you collect all those tins just to help your neighbor？"（我听了很震惊，于是我问他："你是说你收集这些罐头只是为了帮助你的邻居？"）及倒数第二段句子 "I know this does not help much，"he said."But I give everything to him，because he cannot work.He needs help."（我知道这没有多大帮助，"他说。"但我把一切都给了他，因为他不能工作。他需要帮助。"）可知，整篇文章在叙述一个在工厂收集铝罐的人，以他的方式帮助着邻居。选项B"一个人如何用自己的方式帮助别人。"符合内容。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．（5分）
100 Easy Science Experiments for Kids to do at Home（2023）
Do you have a little scientist living in the house with you？You're probably looking for science experiments for your kids at home.
We searched the Internet and practiced these science experiments with our own young kids.They're super educational and so much fun for kids of all ages!Each of these easy science experiments will take only about 30 minutes to complete from start to finish.They each use simple materials from around the house.And，they teach simple science knowledge that your kids will use in school.It's also a great way to learn about the scientific method that they'll use throughout their whole life. Here is a fun science experiment to introduce your child to the magical world of science!
Water Cycle In A Bag This is one of the best science experiments to teach your kids about the water cycle，and it's so easy to do!
Materials（材料）：Zip（拉链）lock bag，marker pen，water，blue food coloring
Steps： ◆Use a marker pen to draw a sky on the upper half of your Zip lock bag.Include clouds and the sun. ◆Fill a cup with water and add a few drops of blue food coloring.Mix it up until the water is blue. ◆Pour the water into the bag and zip it tight，so no water escapes. ◆Hang your bag up on a window that gets a lot of sunshine.In a couple of hours，you will see some drops of water will be in the"clouds"and other drops will be coming down like rain.
What's Happening？The sun is heating up the water in the bag，which turns the water into the gas.This happens in our atmosphere，too.Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go，it turns back into water.This experiment shows the power of the sun to turn water into different states. Click here for+99 More Science Experiments We Love
（1）Where are these science experiments from？ C
A.A cartoon book.
B.A travel guide.
C.A science website.
（2）What can we know about these experiments？ C
A.The experiments all take a long time to complete.
B.The experiments are only designed for kids before school.
C.The experiments are both educational and interesting.
（3）Which of the following steps is right in the experiment？ B
A.Draw a sky，clouds and the sun in the middle of the Zip lock bag.
B.You should zip the bag tight to avoid water running out of it.
C.Put the bag full of water on the ground for a few hours.
（4）Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word"atmosphere"？ A
A.Air.
B.Gas.
C.Water.
（5）Who is the passage written for？ B
A.Science teachers.
B.Parents with young kids.
C.Students in primary school.
【分析】本文主要介绍了100个适合孩子在家进行的科学实验，这些实验都非常有趣且教育性强，能够帮助孩子们学习简单的科学知识和科学方法。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第七行表格内的内容：Click here for+99 More Science Experiments We Love（点击此处获取+99个我们喜爱的更多科学实验）可知，这些科学实验来自一个科学网站。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三行表格内的内容：We searched the Internet and practiced these science experiments with our own young kids.They're super educational and so much fun for kids of all ages!（我们在网上搜索，和自己的孩子们一起练习这些科学实验。它们非常有教育意义，对所有年龄段的孩子来说都很有趣！）可知，关于这些实验我们能知道这些实验既有教育意义又有趣。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六行表格内的内容：Pour the water into the bag and zip it tight，so no water escapes.（把水倒进袋子里，拉上拉链，这样就不会有水漏出来。）可知，以下选项B"你应该把袋子的拉链拉紧，以免水从里面流出来"的步骤在实验中是正确的。故选B。
（4）词义猜测题。根据第七行表格内的内容：The sun is heating up the water in the bag，which turns the water into the gas.This happens in our atmosphere，too.Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go，it turns back into water.（太阳正在加热袋子里的水，使水变成气体。这种情况也发生在我们的大气层中。因为水在袋子里，无处可去，它又变成了水。）可知，下列单词"Air（空气）"可以代替带下划线的单词"大气"。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据第二行表格内的内容：Do you have a little scientist living in the house with you？You're probably looking for science experiments for your kids at home.（你家里住着一个小科学家吗？你可能在家里为你的孩子寻找科学实验。）可知，这篇文章是为有年幼孩子的父母写的。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．（5分）Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or her.
This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us ：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？
Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（烤面包片）phenomenon（现象）：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter﹣side down most of the time.
To prove（证明） this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2001.
In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter﹣side down 62 percent of the time.
But you may ask：Is it the butter that plays a role？Here comes Matthews' second experiment.This time，instead of butter，the toast had a letter "B"written on one side.It still landed 58 percent of the time on the B﹣side.
"Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.
根据短文内容判断下列句子的正（A）误（B）。
（1）According to Murphy's Law，if you don't want to be questioned by the teacher in class，you may end up failing answering the questions. B
（2）In the first experiment of buttered toast，we know the toast landed butter﹣side down about 620 times. B
（3）If the toast can land butter﹣side down，it will do according to Murphy's Law. A
（4）In the first experiment，the butter plays a role according to Matthews. B
（5）Murphy's Law doesn't depend on people's thoughts. A
【分析】本文主要介绍了莫菲定律（Murphy's Law）的概念和其背后的科学原理。
【解答】细节判断题
（1）根据第一段Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failing.Or during a seating arrangement in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don't like，you end up sharing the desk with him or her.（有时，当你担心你可能会考试不及格时，你最终会失败。或者在课堂上安排座位时，当你害怕坐在你不喜欢的人旁边时，你最终还是和他或她共用一张桌子。）有和第二段This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.（这就是墨菲定律告诉我们的：如果事情可能出错，那就一定会出错。）可知，根据墨菲定律，在英语课上，如果你不想被老师提问，你可能会在回答问题时失败是错误的，应该是你就会被提问，而不是回答问题失败。故答案为B。
（2）根据第五段In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on.Of almost 10，000 experiments，toast landed butter﹣side down 62 percent of the time.（在第一个实验中，每个学生把一片黄油吐司放在一个盘子里，让它掉下来20次，并注意它落在哪一边。在近10000次实验中，62%的情况下面包的黄油面朝下。）可知，可知在第一个涂了黄油的烤面包的实验中，我们知道烤面包的黄油面大约掉在下面620次是错误的，应该是6200次。故答案为B。
（3）根据第三段Of the studies about Murphy's Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast（烤面包片）phenomenon（现象）：One toast with butter falls，it lands butter﹣side down most of the time.（在关于墨菲定律的研究中，最著名的是黄油吐司现象：一个涂了黄油的吐司掉下来，大多数时候都是黄油的一面朝下。）可知，如果带黄油面的吐司面包朝下，那就符合墨菲定律。故答案为A。
（4）根据最后一段 "Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.（"吐司的一面朝下，因为人类的身高不足以让它以其他方式落地。"马修斯说。）可知，题干叙述"马修斯说，在第一个实验中，黄油起了作用。"是错误的。故答案为B。
（5）根据整篇文章内容及其第二段This is what Murphy's Law（墨菲法则） tells us ：If things can go wrong，they will go wrong.But is it true？（这就是墨菲定律告诉我们的：如果事情可能出错，那它就会出错。但这是真的吗？）及后面的结论 "Toast lands butter﹣side down because humans aren't tall enough to let it land any other way."Matthews said.（"吐司的一面朝下，因为人类的身高不足以让它以其他方式落地。"马修斯说。）可知，如果站的足够高，就不一定是黄油落地的概率更大了，也就是说墨菲定律并不取决于人们的想法。故答案为A。
【点评】本文是一篇阅读判断题做，题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子判断所做小题描述是否正确．
10．（5分）We all know that exercise is good for us，don't we？（1） D Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!However，did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport？
For a start，exercise is not just about the body.Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.（2） E Finally，if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet，we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.Sounds like a good deal，doesn't it？
（3） A If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time，there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）：you will soon give up and go back to your old ways!Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body，but that you also enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favorite music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out.（4） B
It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. （5） C Who wouldn't want that？
A.Start small! B.That way，you'll never give it up! C.It's about being healthier and feeling happier. D.But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. E.Besides，regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲了运动的好处和如何开始锻炼。运动不仅仅是为了身体健康，还能让我们感到更快乐和更自信。开始锻炼时，可以选择一些简单的活动，比如散步或骑自行车，逐渐养成锻炼的习惯。选择一种自己喜欢的运动方式，可以让锻炼更加愉快。无论锻炼的程度如何，定期锻炼对外貌和健康都有好处。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据上文We all know that exercise is good for us，don't we？（我们都知道运动对我们有好处，不是吗？）和下文Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!（一想到必须跑很长一段路或游很长时间，就足以让一些人想躺下放弃！）可知说的是运动对我们有好处以及人们一想到必须跑很长一段路或游很长时间，就足以让一些人想躺下放弃，结合选项，应说但我们也知道，并不是每个人都喜欢这样做。故选D。
（2）根据上文Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling.Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.（移动我们的身体会使我们的大脑释放出一些特殊的化学物质，从而产生一种良好的感觉。仅仅十分钟的锻炼就能让我们感觉更快乐。）和下文Finally，if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet，we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves.（最后，如果我们将锻炼与健康饮食联系起来，我们会看起来更健康，对自己更有信心。）可知说的是锻炼的好处，结合选项，应说此外，经常锻炼有助于我们感觉更新鲜，更容易入睡。故选E。
（3）根据下文If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time，there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）：you will soon give up and go back to your old ways!Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.（如果运动已经很久没有成为你生活的一部分了，那么马拉松的训练就没有意义了：你很快就会放弃，回到原来的生活方式！每天在当地公园散步和骑自行车十分钟是养成健身习惯的好方法。）可知说的是每天在当地公园散步和骑自行车十分钟是养成健身习惯的好方法，结合选项，应说从小处着手！故选A。
（4）根据上文Choose an activity that not only exercises your body，but that you also enjoy.Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favorite music.Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends.Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. （选择一项不仅可以锻炼身体，而且你也喜欢的活动。有些人只是边听自己喜欢的音乐边慢跑。另一些人则与朋友一起参加舞蹈或打篮球等活动。在锻炼的过程中，让体验更加愉快。）可知说的是选择一项不仅可以锻炼身体，而且你也喜欢的活动，结合选项，应说那样的话，你永远不会放弃！故选B。
（5）根据上文It doesn't matter how much we exercise.Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance.（我们运动多少并不重要。有规律的运动不仅仅是为了外表。）可知说的是有规律的运动不仅仅是为了外表，结合选项，应说运动关于变得更健康和更快乐。故选C。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
11．（10分）If you want to go on an educational exchange（交换），you need to fill in an application form （申请表）.This is a sample（样本） of an application form for an educational exchange.
Application form
Family name Li Given name Xiaolan
Date of birth 22/06/2010 Place of birth Shanghai
Nationality Chinese Sex F
Address 155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China Postal code 200050
Telephone No. （8621）3222200 Email xiaolan.li09@
Educational background Junior High 2 passport No. G578115
Hobbies reading，swimming，collecting stamps
Reasons for applying I'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
Duration of study From 01/09/2023 To 05/01/2024
Signature of the applicant Date
Li Xiaolan 23/04/2023
（1）When was Li Xiaolan born？ She was born on June 22，2010.
（2）Where does Li Xiaolan live now？ 155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China.
（3）What grade is Li Xiaolan in now？ Junior High 2.
（4）Why does Li Xiaolan want to go on an educational exchange？ Because she'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
（5）How long will Li Xiaolan study in a foreign country？ For over 4 months.
【分析】本文是一份交换学生的申请表。
【解答】细节理解题。
（1）根据表格Date of birth：22/06/2010 （出生日期：22/06/2010）可知，她是2010年6月22日出生的。故填She was born on June 22，2010.
（2）根据表格Address：155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China （地址：中国上海市南京路155号）可知，她住在中国上海市南京路155号。故填155 Nanjing Road，Shanghai，China.
（3）根据表格Educational background：Junior High 2 （学历：初中2年级）可知，她是初中2年级。故填Junior High 2.
（4）根据表格Reasons for applying：I'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.（申请理由：我想体验说英语的国家的生活，也可以每天练习英语口语。）可知，因为她想体验说英语的国家的生活，也可以每天练习英语口语。故填Because she'd like to experience life in an English﹣speaking country and also be able to practise spoken English every day.
（5）根据表格Duration of study：From 01/09/2023 To 05/01/2024（学习时间：从2023年9月1日至2024年1月5日）可知，她将在国外学习4个多月。故填For over 4 months.
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
四、单词拼写（共8小题，计8分）根据音标或首字母和汉语提示以适当形式填写单词。请将答案填写在答题纸指定位置。
12．（1分）Don't meet s trangers （陌生人） alone.It may be too dangerous.
【分析】不要单独去见陌生人。这可能太危险了。
【解答】stranger陌生人，可数名词，这里用复数表示泛指。
故填：strangers。
【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对名词的掌握。
13．（1分）Will it be c onvenient （方便的） for you to come here this afternoon？
【分析】你今天下午来这里方便吗？
【解答】根据提示"方便的"可知，是形容词convenient，这里作be的表语。
故答案为：convenient。
【点评】充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
14．（1分）I a dmired （仰慕） her when I first met her and I still think she's wonderful.
【分析】我第一次见到她时就很仰慕她，我依然认为她非常出色。
【解答】根据提示"仰慕"可知，是动词admire。这里是一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式。
故答案为：admired。
【点评】充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
15．（1分）We should make a plan to make us spend summer holiday w isely （明智地）.
【分析】我们应该制定一个计划，让我们明智地度过暑假。
【解答】根据提示"明智地"可知，是副词wisely，这里修饰动词spend。
故答案为：wisely。
【点评】充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
16．（1分）I am studying the basic rules of English grammar /'gr m / at school.
【分析】我在学校学习英语的基本语法规则。
【解答】根据音标/'gr m /可知，对应的单词是grammar，意为"语法"，不可数名词。
故答案为：grammar。
【点评】熟练掌握音标知识，能根据所给音标，正确拼写出单词。
17．（1分）If the driver is careful enough，the accident could be avoided / 'v d d/.
【分析】如果司机足够小心，事故可以被避免。
【解答】根据音标/ 'v d d/可知，对应的单词是avoided，意为"避免"，动词avoid的过去分词。
故答案为：avoided。
【点评】熟练掌握音标知识，能根据所给音标，正确拼写出单词。
18．（1分）Westminster Abbey is one of the most famous churches /'t t z/ in the world.
【分析】西敏寺是世界上最著名的教堂之一。
【解答】根据音标提示/'t t z/，可知英文表达是churches，意为"教堂"，可数名词church的复数形式。
故填：churches。
【点评】根据音标提示，结合语境，填写正确答案。
19．（1分）My English teacher often tells humorous / hju m r s/ stories to make her classes interesting.
【分析】我的英语老师经常讲一些幽默的故事来使她的课堂变得有趣。
【解答】根据音标提示，可知英文表达是humorous，意为"幽默的"，形容词，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词stories。
故填：humorous。
【点评】根据音标提示，结合句意，填写正确答案。
五、语法填空 阅读短文，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
20．（10分）Most children have a sweet tooth.However，（1） eating （ eat） too much candy or drinking too many sugary drinks is bad for our health.So far，many countries have started to do something（2） to control （ control） the amount of sugary drinks kids can have.
A law limiting the sale and advertisement of sugary drinks started in Boston，the US，in August.It（3） will be （ be） impossible to buy sugary drinks in schools and government buildings in the city next month.
Mayor Menino said of the reasons behind the law：" Forty （4） percent （ percent） of the kids in Boston public schools are too heavy."About one half of the US population aged 2 and older drink sugary drinks every day.One in five American children aged 12 to 19 is too heavy，according to the report.
Many other countries have taken similar actions already.In August，（5） France （ French）started a new tax（税） on sugary drinks.Hungary（匈牙利） introduced a similar tax in early September.Governments hope this will keep populations （6） healthier （ healthy）.
China（7） is facing （ face） the same problem now.According to a recent study by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，middle school students in big cities in our country each drink about 1，200 mL of sugary drinks every day.In the last 20 years，the number of overweight school children（8） has increased （ increase）5 to 10 times.
Gao Xiang of Harvard Medical School called on the Chinese government（9） to deal （ deal）with the situation.Some suggestions，including stopping the sale of sugary drinks in schools and limiting their advertisements，（10） were given （ give） by Gao，too.
【分析】本文主要讲述了儿童喜欢吃甜食，但是过多的糖分会对健康造成危害，因此很多国家开始采取措施控制儿童饮用含糖饮料的数量。波士顿市出台了一项法律，限制了含糖饮料的销售和广告，并在学校和政府大楼中禁止销售。其他国家也采取了类似的措施，如法国和匈牙利对含糖饮料征税，希望能保持人们的健康。中国也面临着同样的问题，学生每天饮用的含糖饮料数量很高，过重的学生数量也在不断增加，哈佛医学院的高翔呼吁中国政府采取措施解决这个问题，如在学校停止销售含糖饮料并限制广告。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：然而，吃太多糖或喝太多含糖饮料对我们的健康有害。eat表示"吃"，or是并列连词，后面是动名词drinking可知此处也是动名词。故填eating。
（2）考查不定式。句意：到目前为止，很多国家开始采取措施控制儿童饮用含糖饮料的数量。不定式表示目的，control表示"控制"。故填to control。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：下个月，这座城市的学校和政府大楼里买含糖饮料是不可能的。根据next month可知此处用一般将来时。故填will be。
（4）考查名词。句意：波士顿公立学校40%的孩子都很重。percent表示"百分率"，直接用单数。故填percent。
（5）考查名词。句意：八月，法国对含糖饮料征税。France表示"法国"，根据句意可知此处指法国政府。故填France。
（6）考查形容词比较级。句意：政府希望这项措施能保持人们更健康。keep+形容词表示"保持......"，此处指征税后比之前，人们更健康，故用比较级。healthy表示"健康的"。故填healthier。
（7）考查动词时态。句意：中国正面临相同的问题。face表示"面对"，now表示"现在"，用现在进行时，主语是单数China，be动词用is。故填is facing。
（8）考查动词时态。句意：在过去的20年里，超重儿童的数量已经增加了5到10倍。increase表示"增加"，in the last 20 years表示"在过去的20年里"，用于现在完成时。主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has increased。
（9）考查不定式。句意：哈佛医学院的高翔呼吁中国政府采取措施解决这个问题。不定式表示目的，deal with表示"处理，解决"。故填to deal。
（10）考查被动语态。句意：一些建议，包括停止在学校出售含糖饮料和限制它们的广告。give表示"给"，与主语suggestions是动宾关系，需用被动语态。根据called可知此处用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were given。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
六 完成句子（共5小题，计10分）根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。
21．（2分）你还没有坐船横跨过太平洋，是不是？ You haven't crossed the Pacific by boat yet，have you？
【分析】你还没有坐船横跨过太平洋，是不是？
【解答】根据题干可知，本题句子为现在完成时，需用"have/has+动词的过去分词"表示，且本题句子为否定句，故需在助动词have/has后面加否定词not，主语是you，助动词用have；cross意为"穿越，跨过"，动词词性，其过去分词为crossed；the Pacific意为"太平洋"；by boat为固定搭配，意为"坐船"；yet意为"还"，一般用于完成时态句子的句末；"助动词+主语"置于句末表示反意疑问句，符合本题语境。
故答案为：You haven't crossed the Pacific by boat yet，have you。
【点评】做句子翻译题，要结合语法知识，如时态、语态、词形变化等进行作答。最重要的是要熟练掌握常用词组、句型和习惯搭配。
22．（2分）好的工作人员习惯于通过闲聊打破僵局。 Good staff are used to breaking the deadlock through chatting.
【分析】好的工作人员习惯于通过闲聊打破僵局。
【解答】"好的工作人员"good staff，在句中作主语，staff是集合名词，看作复数；be used to doing"习惯于……"，固定搭配，主语是复数，be动词用are；break the deadlock打破僵局；through通过……，介词，后跟chat"聊天"的动名词形式chatting。
故答案为：Good staff are used to breaking the deadlock through chatting。
【点评】做句子翻译题，要结合语法知识，如时态、语态、词形变化等进行作答。最重要的是要熟练掌握常用词组、句型和习惯搭配。
23．（2分）你上周末尽可能多地练习英语口语了吗？ Did you practice spoken English as much as you could last weekend？
【分析】你上周末尽可能多地练习英语口语了吗？
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：practice spoken English练习英语口语；as much as you could 尽可能多的；last weekend上周末。时态是一般过去时。
故答案为：Did you practice spoken English as much as you could last weekend？
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
24．（2分）当他人遇到麻烦时，他总是乐意出手相助。 He is always ready to help others when they are in trouble.
【分析】He is always ready to help others when they are in trouble.
【解答】"当他人遇到麻烦时"应翻译为用when引导的时间状语从句；"遇到麻烦时"译为be in trouble；"总是"用频度副词always表示；"乐意出手相处"用固定短语be ready to help others表示，主语"他"（he）是第三人称单数，因此be动词用is。
故答案为：He is always ready to help others when they are in trouble.
【点评】在进行汉译英时，应首先分析句子的主干，理清句子的种类和结构，并熟练掌握中文词汇对应的单词和固定短语，进行合理对应的翻译。
25．（2分）如果你对某事集中精力，你就会把它学的更好。
If you concentrate on something，you will learn it better.
【分析】如果你对某事集中精力，你就会把它学的更好。
【解答】根据题干，可知考查：if如果；引导条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形；concentrate on something对某事集中精力；learn it better把它学的更好。
故答案为If you concentrate on something，you will learn it better.
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，结合题意，给出答案。
七 短文填空 （共1小题，计10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项至多使用一次。
26．（10分）
A.for help B.happy C.Unluckily D.However E.opening the door F.have fed G.usual H.Since I.cute J.lowered their heads
It was a fine day.The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.The kids were playing in their backyard when a little cat tried to cross into their yard.（1） C ，it got stuck（卡住的）under the fence.The kids tried to free the cat，but they couldn't.So they asked their mother（2） A .The mother freed the cat.The cat looked so（3） I that the children begged （乞求） to keep it.Their mother said，"I don't mind myself，but you must ask your father."
The kids waited anxiously for their dad back from work."Do you think our dad will allow us to keep it ？"the girl asked.Before the boy answered the girl，they heard their father （4） E ." Hi，daddy，" they both shouted loudly at the same time.
" You are surely happier than（5） G to see today.What is up？" their father said.
"Nothing，daddy.We just love you so much，"the girl replied.That's when their mother said，"Go ahead.Ask your dad."
The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat.The father said，"No，you can't.We （6） F five cats so far.Your mommy and I have no time to take care of them any more." Hearing this，the kids（7） J disappointedly（失望地）.
Seeing the sad looks on the kids' faces，the father changed his mind.He said，"All right.（8） H you love it so much，you can keep it." Hearing this，the kids happily screamed，" Hooray!Thank you，daddy!"（9） D ，the father added that they must promise to look after the cat by themselves.
The kids were so（10） B to have another pet friend.Then the cat was given the name "Lucky"by the kids.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个晴朗的日子，孩子们在后院玩耍时，一只小猫被困在篱笆下。他们试图解救猫，但无法成功，于是他们请求母亲帮忙。母亲解救了猫，孩子们请求保留它。母亲说，她不介意，但必须问父亲的意见。孩子们焦急地等待父亲下班回家。他们听到父亲的声音时，高兴地叫道："爸爸，你回来了！"父亲说，他们一定比任何人都更开心见到他。女孩问男孩他们爸爸是否会同意他们养猫，但还没等男孩回答，他们听到母亲说："去问问你们爸爸吧。"女孩告诉爸爸发生了什么，并请求养猫。父亲说："不行，你们不能养。我们已经养了五只猫了，你们妈妈和我没有时间照顾它们了。"孩子们失望地听到这个回答。看到孩子们脸上的悲伤表情，父亲改变了主意。他说："好吧，既然你们这么喜欢它，你们可以养。"孩子们高兴地尖叫："万岁！谢谢爸爸！"父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾好这只猫。孩子们非常高兴能有另一个宠物朋友。然后，孩子们给这只猫取名为"幸运"。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：不幸的是，它卡在栅栏下面了。根据it got stuck（卡住的）under the fence（它卡在栅栏下面了）可知它卡在栅栏下面是不幸的。Unluckily"不幸的"符合题意。故选C。
（2）考查短语。句意：于是他们向妈妈求助。ask sb.for help"向某人求助"是固定搭配。for help"...帮助"符合题意。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：那只猫看起来很可爱，孩子们求着把它留下。根据the children begged （乞求） to keep it（孩子们求着把它留下）结合选项可知cute"可爱的"符合题意。故选I。
（4）考查短语。句意：在男孩回答女孩之前，他们听到父亲开门的声音。根据第二段" Hi，daddy，" they both shouted loudly at the same time.（"嗨，爸爸。"他们同时大声喊道。）可知爸爸回来了。opening the door"开门"符合题意。故选E。
（5）考查形容词。句意："你今天一定比平时高兴。怎么了？他们的父亲说。than usual"较平常"固定短语。usual"平常的"符合题意。故选G。
（6）考查动词。句意：到目前为止，我们已经喂了五只猫。根据five cats（五只猫）可知是养了五只猫。have fed"已经喂养"符合题意。故选F。
（7）考查短语。句意：孩子们听了，失望地低下了头。根据disappointedly（失望地）结合选项可知lowered their heads"低下头"符合题意。故选J。
（8）考查连词。句意：既然你们这么喜欢它，你们就留着吧。you love it so much（你们这么喜欢它）和you can keep it（你们就留着吧）是让步关系，结合选项可知Since"既然"符合题意。故选H。
（9）考查副词。句意：然而，父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾猫。Hearing this，the kids happily screamed，" Hooray!Thank you，daddy!"（听到这些，孩子们高兴地尖叫起来："万岁!谢谢你，爸爸!"）和the father added that they must promise to look after the cat by themselves.（父亲补充说，他们必须承诺自己照顾猫。）是转折关系。结合选项可知However"然而"符合题意。故选D。
（10）考查形容词。句意：孩子们很高兴又多了一个宠物朋友。根据to have another pet friend（多了一个宠物朋友）可知孩子们是高兴的。结合选项可知happy"高兴的"符合题意。故选B。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
八 书面表达（共1小题，计15分） 请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。
27．（15分）我们每个人都有自己的梦想，同学们你们的梦想是什么？为了实现梦想你们应该怎么做呢？请以"My dream"为题，写一篇介绍自己梦想的作文。
要求：
（1）文中不要出现真实的校名和姓名；
（2）词数100左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Everyone has a dream.___________
【分析】【高分句型一】
When meet any difficulty，I won't give it up，and must get it over.遇到任何困难，我都不会放弃，必须克服。
When 引导时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I'm sure it's very important to dream.我相信梦想是非常重要的。
I'm sure +宾语从句，表示我相信……
【解答】
My dream
Everyone has a dream.As young students，we have many kinds of dreams.These dreams are our China dreams.The dreams can be very big and they can also be small.In fact a big dream is made up of many small dreams.（我对梦想的理解）
My name's Li Hong.I also have a dream.I dream of becoming a great scientist.（我的梦想）From now on，I have to study hard to achieve my dream.I must learn as much as I can.When meet any difficulty，I won't give it up，and must get it over.【高分句型一】I'm sure it's very important to dream. 【高分句型二】Some dreams are more realistic，while others are not.No matter what our dreams are，we should hold on to them，and they can just come true one day.（为实现梦想，将怎么做）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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