Module 6 第一课时
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．frighten
①He was________at the thought of his huge debts.
②The salesman________the old lady into signing the paper by threatening to take away the goods.
③How do you react when you see something________.
2．sharp
①Be careful! That knife has a________edge.
②A workman must________his tools if he is to do his work well.
3．calm
①She has the ability to keep________in an emergency.
②The two policemen looked about them________.
4．exist
①There________deep friendship between Chinese people and American people.
②I wonder how the human race came into________.
5．unlikely
①Seeing that he's________to come.
②The old are more________to catch a cold than the young.
答案：1.①frightened ②frightened ③frightening 2.①sharp ②sharpen 3.①calm ②calmly 4.①exists ②existence 5.①unlikely ②likely
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．The man claimed that he had seen travelers from outer space, but he was laughed at by people.
→The man ________ ________ ________ ________travelers from outer space, but he was laughed at by people.
2．They can't exist on the money he is earning.
→They can't________ ________the money he is earning.
3．The town, which we visited the other day, is 5 square miles in area.
→The town, which we visited the other day，________ ________ ________ ________5 square miles.
4．I had meant to tell you about it earlier, but I could not come.
→I ________ ________ ________ ________you about it earlier, but I could not come.
5．To look at the picture clearly, you'd better get close to it.
→To________ ________ ________ ________ ________the picture, you'd better get close to it.
答案：1.claimed to have seen 2.live on 3.covers an area of 4.meant to have told 5.get a clear look at
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．There________(be)an increasing number of people visiting the old temple since it was reported in the newspaper.
答案：have been 考查there be结构。句意：自从那座古庙在报纸上被报道以来，参观古庙的人数量一直在增长。since从句作时间状语，主句应用现在完成时态；主句的主语是an increasing number of people，所以应该用复数。
2．(2014·西安高一检测改编)The teacher asked us to read the text________second time to find________topic of the text.
答案：a；the 考查冠词。句意：老师让我们把课文再读一遍，以便找到文章的主题。a second time表示“再一遍”，相当于another time；文章的主题是一个特指，所以第二个空用定冠词the。
3．Several fishermen are said to________(attack)by sharks while fishing last month.
答案：have bee attacked 考查attack的用法。句意：据说上个月有好几名渔夫在捕鱼的时候受到鲨鱼的攻击。attack攻击，袭击；由句意可知用完成时。
4．I was________(frighten)whenever I heard a ________(frighten)story.
答案：frightened；frightening 句意：每当听到一个恐怖故事的时候，我都很害怕。人感到害怕要用“frightened”；令人恐惧的故事要用“frightening”。
5．The custom of arranged marriages still________in many parts of China.
答案：exists 考查动词词义。句意：包办婚姻的风俗在中国许多地区仍然存在。exist存在，符合题意。
6．The man________he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the lake.
答案：claimed 句意：那个男生声称他看到了一个圆形黑色的生物在湖水中快速游动。符合题意。
7．Mount Tai，which________an area of 426 square kilometres，is the first of China's Five Mountains.
答案：covers 考查cover的用法。句意：泰山占地面积达426平方千米，居五岳之首。cover覆盖，占地，符合句意。
8．—Were you all frightened at the sound of the fire alarm?
—No.Everyone stayed________and obeyed the police.
答案：calm 句意：——你们听到火警声都非常害怕吗？——不害怕，大家都镇静并听从警察的指令calm表示情绪上的“镇静，不激动”，符合句意。
9．Dogs have a ________sense of smell and are often used to search for something by the police.
答案：sharp 句意：狗有敏锐的嗅觉，经常被警察用来搜寻东西。sharp意为“敏锐的；锋利的；尖的”。
10．—It is________(likely)to rain today，for there is not a single cloud in the sky.
—Believe it or not，the weather forecast says so.
答案：unlikely 句意：——今天不可能下雨，因为天空中没有一片云。——信不信由你，天气预报就是这样说的。be unlikely to do sth.不可能做某事，符合题意。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Not long ago, an airplane was flying over New Zealand. There was a television camera crew on board. Suddenly，out in the night sky，a bright sphere (球体)came into view.Everyone on board saw it and everyone thought, “UFO”—Unidentified Flying Object. The camera crew went into action and started filming. That week people all over the world saw the film of the mysterious light on their television screens. What was it? Was it a spaceship full of visitors from another planet? The captain of the airplane and the film crew believed it was. Other observers had many different explanations. Some said it was Venus(金星). Others said it was just a trick(幻影)of light.
An air traffic controller also saw it on his radar screen. He thought that a flock(一群) of birds was causing dots on his radar screen when the “UFO” appeared.
Most astronomers now believe that what these people saw was almost certainly the planet Venus. At that time of year it was very bright and easy to see. And from a moving airplane it can appear to be moving fast. So far there is no proof that UFOs or spaceships from other planets do exist. These years investigators of UFOs have investigated thousands of sightings or occasions when people said they saw a UFO. Ninety percent of these turned out to have a simple explanation.
However, it is a good idea to keep an open mind. Scientists in some countries are trying to persuade their governments to help them study UFOs. And they are planning to cooperate internationally on reporting and investigating sightings of UFOs.
After all, it is quite possible that there is life out there in the universe. And if something is alive，it is quite possible that it will come to visit us.
语篇解读：一组电视摄影人员在空中看到了一个“UFO”，并对此物进行了拍摄，由此引发了大家对此物到底是什么的讨论，专家们各抒己见。
1．From the first paragraph，we can know that________.
A．a television camera crew and some astronomers were on board the airplane when the “UFO” appeared
B．they saw the “UFO” in the daytime
C．the “UFO” is bright at night
D．there are different opinions about Venus
答案：C 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Suddenly，out in the night sky，a bright sphere came into view.Everyone on board saw it and everyone thought，‘UFO’—Unidentified Flying Object.”两句可知。
2．The captain and the camera crew believed that “UFO”was________.
A．the planet Venus
B．a visiting spaceship from another planet
C．just a trick of light
D．dots caused by a flock of birds
答案：B 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Was it a spaceship full of visitors from another planet？The captain of the airplane and the film crew believed it was.”可知。
3．Why do most astronomers now believe that what these people saw was almost certainly the planet Venus?
A．Because they think at the time when it was seen，Venus should be very bright and easy to see.
B．Because they saw it with their own eyes.
C．Because they have proved UFOs or spaceships from Venus do exist.
D．Because it was moving very fast when they saw it.
答案：A 推理判断题。由第三段“Most astronomers now believe that what these people saw was almost certainly the planet Venus.At that time of year it was very bright and easy to see.”两句可知。
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The UFO—an Unidentified Flying Object was filmed by a television crew.
B．The discussion about what on earth the UFO is.
C．Scientists studying the UFO are trying to ask the governments to offer them help.
D．Life in the universe will come to visit our earth.
答案：B 主旨大意题。全篇文章围绕UFO至底是什么进行讨论，专家们各抒己见。
B
HOW many things can you see in the night sky? A lot！On a clear night you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of sparkling stars.
You can see even more with a telescope. And with bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. And you can see those objects in more and more detail.
But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won't see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year.
That's because they're invisible. They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes.
You might find it hard to imagine that stars die.After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn't seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.
As a star's gases burn, they give off light and heat.But when the gas runs out, the star stops burning and begins to die.
As the star cools, the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center. The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball. If the star is very small, the star ends up as a cold, dark ball called a black dwarf. If the star is very big，it keeps squashing inward until it's packed together tighter than anything in the universe.
Imagine if the Earth were crushed until it was the size of a tiny marble. That's how tightly this dead star，a black hole, is packed. What pulls the star in toward its center with such power? It's the same force that pulls you down when you jump— the force called gravity. A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everything—even light. The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes. That's why you see nothing but blackness.
So next time you stare up at the night sky，remember: there's more in the sky than we can see！Scattered in the silent darkness are black holes—the great mystery of space.
语篇解读：本文为科技性质的文章。晴朗的夜空中我们可以看到很多东西，有月亮、行星还有成千上万颗闪烁的恒星。但是文章中指出天空中还有许多我们看不见的东西。这就是黑洞。
5．According to the article，what causes a star to die?
A．As its gases run out，it cools down.
B．It has a collision with other stars.
C．It can only live for about a million years.
D．As it gets hotter and hotter，it explodes.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中But when the gas runs out，the star stops buring and begins to die.可知星体死亡的原因是气体燃尽。
6．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Black holes are dead stars.
B．Black holes have gravity.
C．Black holes are invisible.
D．There is nothing as mysterious as a black hole.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句black holes—the great mystery of space.可知黑洞是太空的一大奥秘，但没有说是最神秘的，所以D项不正确。而其他几项都在文中找到。
7．What happens after a star dies?
A．It becomes invisible.
B．It falls to Earth.
C．It burns up all of its gases.
D．It becomes brighter and easier to see.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段That's because they're invisible.They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes.以及倒数第二段中的The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes.That's why you see nothing but blackness.可知A项正确。
8．Why can't you see light when you look at a black hole?
A．Because most black holes are so far away.
B．Because the gravity of a black hole is so strong that it sucks the light inward.
C．Because as the star's gases burn，it stops giving off heat and light.
D．Because as a star cools, its outer layers pull in toward its center.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everything—even light.得知答案。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
Chinanews, Haikou, Jun. 15—Many people fear snakes. Lin Mingdong, a “Snake King” from Wenchang, Hainan Province, makes a living__1__raising snakes. His company is the only enterprise in China to engage__2__boa (蟒)．
Lin is fond of all kinds of animals. A few years ago, Lin started to raise boas, China's national level__3__(protect) animal. Currently Lin has raised some 10,000 boas, and his company is China's largest boa-raising base.
Lin revealed (透露) that his company can help increase the boa population in China. “Because of excessive hunting, the number of boas is__4__(decrease). But in Hainan, there are more and more artificial-bred (人工饲养的) boas，__5__can also help local farmers earn more money，” Lin Said.
Lin even established a boa research institute in 2003，__6__currently he is cooperating with Zhang Liling, a professor from Hainan University, to__7__(far) research artificial-bred boas. In 2005, the local scientific research bureau (研究所) also invested in the research.
Lin said that boas are in demand in the__8__as hundreds of traditional__9__(music) instrument producers require a large amount of boa skins every year.
Lin also revealed that raising__10__boa costs only 150 yuan on average, as it mainly eats live chicken, rats and frogs, but a boa can be sold at 1,000 yuan.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．by 表示“依靠某种手段”。
2．in engage in“从事”。
3．protected 过去分词做后置定语。
4．decreasing 进行时表示当前一段时间持续的状态。
5．which 非限定性定语从句。
6．and and连接并列分句。
7．further further“进一步地”。
8．much much in demand“十分需要”。
9．musical traditional musical instrument producers“传统乐器生产者”。
10．one/a 表示“一条”用one或不定冠词a。
【辽宁卷题型】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paul: So, Alice, you have a very natural family. I mean they're really__1__nature.
Alice：Yeah，pretty much. Sometimes they call us tree-huggers. However, a naturalpath is__2__they usually call my auntie.
Paul：A naturalpath? What does naturalpath mean?
Alice：It's like homeopath. But it basically means a person who__3__(involve)with natural medicine kind of like a doctor but with natural remedies__4__of pharmaceutical medicine.
Paul：Right. OK, so let's make an__5__(assume)that I get a cold and I'm really sick. What would a naturalpath give me?
Alice：Basically there would be a specific drug for that flu or a doctor might just give you penicillin(青霉素，盘尼西林) or something strong，__6__a naturalpath would give you a different range of remedies (治疗法)__7__(make)from natural herbs__8__(consider)what exact symptoms you had.
Paul：So, assuming when you have your family, and if your children were sick, would you ever use Western medicine, or would you strictly use the naturalpath way?
Alice：Well, actually，it depends on how sick__9__children were. If they just had a small cold I would use natural medicines first; if it was something serious I would take them to the doctor definitely and use__10__(west) medicine.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．into 考查介词。be into sth/sb，意思是“喜欢”。
2．what 考查表语从句。系动词后面是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语成分，故用疑问代词what。
3．is involved 考查动词时态和语态。be involved with，指的是“涉及”。
4．instead 考查固定短语。instead of，作“代替，而不是”讲，指选用前面的，而不是后面的。
5．assumption 考查词形变化。assumption的意思是“假设，设想”。
6．while/but 考查关系词。while/but有语义转折的意思，强调天然的药剂师会给你天然药草制剂，这与传统疗法不同。
7．made 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词作后置定语，与修饰词remedies构成的是被动关系，故用made。
8．considering 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词作后置定语，与主语a naturalpath是主动关系，故用动词的-ing形式。
9．the/my 考查冠词。用定冠词特指前面提到的孩子，也可用代词my。
10．western 考查词形变化。西药是western medicine。
课件105张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 必修4 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural WorldModule 61.1.1 集合的概念第一课时 Introduction & Reading1.1.1 集合的概念Module 6Ⅰ.速记单词
1．________(vt.)袭击；攻击
2．________(adj.)灰色的
3．________(n.)动物；生物
4．__________(adj.)神秘的
5．________(vt.)声称
6．________(n.)表面；水面
7．________(vi.)潜水
8．________(adj.)怀疑的；不相信的
9．________(vt.)占地(多大面积)attackgreycreaturemysteriousclaimsurfacedivescepticalcover10．________(n.)杂志；学报；期刊
11．________(n.)足迹；脚印→fingerprint(n.)指纹，指印
12．________(adj.)毛的；多毛的→hair(n.)头发
13．___________ (adj.)吓人的→__________(adj.)害怕的→frighten(vt.)使惊恐→________(n.)恐怖；惊吓；可怕的东西
14．________(vi.)存在→existence(n.)存在
15．________(adj.)锋利的；尖的→sharpen(vt.)使变锋利
16．________(n.)(珍奇动物等的)目击；发现→sight(n.)视力
17．________(adj.)不可能的→likely(adj.)footprintjournalhairyfrighteningfrightenedfrightexistsharpsightingunlikelyⅡ.短语互译
1．(用……)代替…… _________
2．再次被新闻关注 ________________
3．声称要做某事 _____________
4．在……的表面 ______________
5．不可能做某事 ________________
6．dive into ______
7．stick out __________
8．close up _____
9．be sceptical of/about __________instead ofbe back in the newsclaim to do sth.on the surface ofbe unlikely to do sth.潜入突出；伸出靠近对……怀疑Ⅲ.完成句子
1．据当地的旅游办公室任孟凡迎介绍，最后有人看见怪兽就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。
The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，said the monster，_____________________in colour，was the metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.(非限制性定语从句及seem的用法)
2．另一个消息来自李小和，当时他正和他的家人在湖边游玩。
____________________Li Xiaohe，____________________ with his family.(a/an＋序数词表示“又一……，再一”)which seemed to be blackA third report came fromwho was visiting the lake3．他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。
He_________________________________________quickly through the water.(不定式的完成式)
4．他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。
They say that the low-temperature lake ________________________________________________. (be unlikely to do sth.的用法)claims to have seen a round black creature movingis unlikely to be able to support such large living creaturesⅣ.语篇理解
Step 1 Introduction
Read the following pictures and match them with the given names.
A．The Bigfoot
B．The Yeti
C．The Loch Ness Monster
D．The UFO
E．The Dinosaur
F．The PyramidStep 2 Fast-reading
Ⅰ.Read the passage fast and match the paragraphs with their main ideas.
1.Para.1 A.The story of monsters in Lake Tianchi
2.Para.2 B.Information about Lake Tianchi
3.Para.3 C.The sighting of the monster by soldiers
4.Para.4 D.The sighting of the monster by Li Xiaohe
5.Para.5 E.Two descriptions of the monster of Lake TianchiⅡ.True(T) or False (F)．
1．A foreign photographer claimed that the monster's head looked like a horse.( )
2．A group of soldiers watched the monster swimming for about two minutes.( )
3. Li Xiaohe and his family couldn't see the monster clearly because of the bad weather.( )
4．There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the end of the last century.( )
5．Few people think that the monster must be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland.( )
Step 3 Careful-reading
Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1．Where does the beginning the passage come from?
A．A tourist guide.
B．A newspaper.
C．A dictionary.
D．A scientific journal.2. What were the soldiers doing when they saw the animal?
A．They were swimming in the lake.
B．They were walking along the lake.
C．They were visiting the lake with Li Xiaohe.
D．They were fighting with the monster.
3．Why could Li Xiaohe see the monster according to himself?
A．He was told by his family.
B．He had a pair of eyes with good sight.
C．The weather was fine and the lake was calm.
D．The monster jumped out of the water and said hello.
4. What is special about Lake Tianchi?
A．It is the highest volcanic lake in the world.
B．It is the deepest volcanic lake in the world.
C．It is the biggest volcanic lake in the world.
D．Its average depth is 370 meters.
5. From the passage, we can conclude that the writer________.
A．believes the monster really exists in Lake Tianchi
B．believes the monster doesn't actually exist in Lake Tianchi
C．introduces to us some reports of the sightings of the monster of Lake Tianchi
D．proves that the story of the monster or Lake Tianchi is only made upStep 4 Summary
Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
Lake Tianchi is the highest volcanic lake in the world and 1.________an area of about ten square kilometers.The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” attracts people's attention again after several recent 2.________. Though there was no one getting a clear look at the 3.________creature, a local photographer 4.________that its head looked like a horse. And some soldiers had ever seen it moving on the 5.________of the water and found that it had a round head with 10-centimetre horns. Someone else had also noticed that the
creature moved quickly through the water and then 6.________into it. Several minutes time later, it appeared again and could be seen clearly because of the 7.________lake.
There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century. Some people even guess that there might be similar creatures in other lakes，but the scientists are 8.________about it. They all think that it is 9.________that such large living 10.________live in the low-temperature lake.
Step 5 Discussion
What kind of unexplained mysteries in the world do you know?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
答案：Step 1 1～5 ACBFDE
Step 2 1.1～5 ECDAB Ⅱ.1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T
Step 3 1～5 BBCAC
Step 4 1.covers 2.sightings 3.mysterious 4.claimed 5.surface 6.dived 7.calm 8.sceptical 9.unlikely 10.creatures
Step 5 ①I heard that the Pyramids may have been built by some outer space creatures since it seems impossible for human to do that 4,500 years ago.
②Well, Bermuda is believed to be a real mystery as it has swallowed many ships.
③I think the most interesting mystery is about the UFO. 1.high adv.高高地，adj.高的
She threw the ball high into the air.
她把球高高地抛向天空。
A kite is flying high up in the sky.
一只风筝在高空飞舞。
He has a high office in the government.
他在政府里担任很高的职务。
This building is about 20 metres high.
这座建筑物大约20米高。辨析high与highly
The player can jump really high, so we all speak highly of him.
这位选手跳得的确很高，因此我们对他评价很高。
Both parties were highly satisfied with the results of the talks.
双方对会谈结果都感到非常满意。即学即用
语法填空
Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed ________(high), for which his classmates spoke ________(high)of him.
答案：high；highly high表示具体高度；highly则表示抽象意义；此处二者均为副词。句意为：尽管他在十岁时就残疾了，然而他目标很高，他的同学因此对他评价很高。2．attack n.
(1)进攻；攻击
At dawn the army attacked the town.
军队在拂晓时向这座城镇发动了攻击。
(2)抨击；批评
There is a newspaper article attacking the England football coach.
报纸上有一篇抨击英格兰足球队教练的文章。
(3)侵袭；伤害
The disease attacked his bones.
疾病已侵袭到了他的骨骼。
知识拓展
attacker n. 攻击者；进攻者
be attacked with(a disease) 患(病)；得(病)
make an attack on/upon 攻击；向……进攻即学即用
语法填空
(福建高考改编)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ________(attack)in the South China Sea.
答案：being attacked 本题考查动名词的用法。句意：最近中国加强对黄岩岛附近水域的控制以阻止中国渔船受到攻击。prevent...from...“阻止……干某事”。因渔船是被攻击，故用动名词的被动语态。3．frightening adj.吓人的；令人恐惧的
From his frightened look，I knew he had seen something frightening.
从他害怕的表情我就知道他见到可怕的东西了。
The little boy was frightened by the frightening noise.
那个小男孩被可怕的声音吓坏了。
To my great fright，I saw something coming nearer in the dark.
使我极为害怕的是，我看见某个东西在黑暗中向我靠近。
News of robberies frightened many people into fitting new locks to their doors.
发生抢劫的消息把许多人吓得装上了新门锁。
知识归纳
①frightend adj.吓坏了的；受惊吓的
frighten vt.吓唬；使……害怕
fright n．害怕；惊吓
②be frightened at/by对……害怕；被……吓坏了
③to one's fright使某人害怕的是
④frighten sb. into doing sth.吓得某人的做某事
即学即用
用fright的适当形式填空。
①You gave me such a ________by wearing that mask.
②Yesterday he almost________me to death when he drove that way.
③Jack had a book with some ________pictures in it.
④When I saw him，he looked________as if he had seen something________.语法填空
⑤The little girl told me that she had heard a________(frighten)noise with a ________(frighten)look on her face.
答案：①fright ②frightened ③frightening ④frightened；frightening ⑤frightening；frightened 句意：小女孩一脸恐惧地告诉我，她听到了一个令人恐惧的声音。她面带恐惧的表情是表示她自己感到恐惧，故用a frightened look；令人恐惧的声音是a frightening noise。
4．exist vi.存在；生存
The Roman Empire existed for several centuries.
罗马帝国存在了好几个世纪。
The idea exists only in the minds of poets.
这种想法是诗人才有的。
We cannot exist without food or water.
没有食物和水我们无法生存。
知识拓展
(1)existence n．[U]存在；[sing.]生存
Many people question the existence of God.
许多人对上帝的存在表示怀疑。
She has a miserable existence living with him.
跟他生活在一起，她的生活很悲惨。
(2)固定搭配：exist on靠……生存
They exist on very little money.
他们靠极少的钱来过活。
come into existence(＝come into being)开始存在；产生
No one knows when such a custom first came into existence.
没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始形成的。
in existence存在的；现存的 即学即用
语法填空
(1)It is said that this old building ________(exist) for more than three hundred years.
答案：has existed exist“存在”。句意为：据说这座古老的建筑有三百多年的历史了。根据句意用完时态。
(2)No one believes in the ________ (exist)of dinosaurs now.
答案：existence existence“存在”，符合句意。句意为“现在没人相信恐龙的存在了”。
5．sight n．视力，视觉；看见；[常pl.]景象
The soldier lost his sight in a fight.
那位战士在一次战斗中双目失明了。
The sight of the Taj Mahal filled us with wonder.
看见泰姬陵，我们充满了惊叹之情。
The sights of the valley were breathtaking.
那个山谷景色之美真令人惊叹。 知识拓展
at first sight乍一看；初看起来。
The two things are very different at first sight.
乍看之下这两种事物是不同的。
at the sight of 看到；一看到
The little child stopped crying at the sight of his favourite toy.
那个小孩一看到他最喜欢的玩具就不哭了。
catch sight of 看见；瞥见
I caught sight of an empty seat at the back of the bus.
我看到公共汽车的后面有一个空座位。
out of sight看不见；在视野之外
I watched the boat till it was out of sight.
我望着那条小船，直到看不见为止。即学即用
语法填空
(1)As he reached ________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.
答案：the; a 考查冠词。第一空，the front door表示“前门”，是特指；第二空，表示“一种奇异的景象”，是泛指，用a。
(2)At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was ________sight.
答案：out of out of sight“看不见”，句意为：在火车站，这位母亲挥手向她的女儿告别，直到火车看不见为止。6．claim vt.声称；(根据权利)要求；认领 vi.要求；声称 n．(根据权利而提出的)要求；索赔；主张；断言
①Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.
薛军林，一位当地的摄影师，声称那个怪兽的头看起来像马。
②She claimed to have ever been met by the president.
＝She claimed that she had ever been met by the president.
她宣称曾被总统接见过。
③It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink.
据说肥皂污染我们的饮用水。
④They made a claim for the stolen luggage from the insurance.
他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提出索赔要求。归纳拓展即学即用
完成句子
①他们声称已经发现了治疗此病的一种药物，但此事尚未得到证实。
They claimed__________________________a cure for the disease，but this had not yet been proved.
②有人认领这个钱包吗？
Has anyone______________________this purse?
③要求他赔偿2 000美元的损失。
________________________for damage.
答案：①to have discovered/that they have discovered
②made a claim to ③Claim 2,000 dollars from him7．calm adj.平静的；镇静的v.(使)平静；(使)镇静
The sea was calm.
海上风平浪静。
Her voice is surprisingly calm.
她的声音出人意料地镇静。
The mother tried to calm her child.
母亲试图使孩子镇静下来。
知识拓展
calm down平静；镇静；安静
We waited inside until things calmed down.
我们待在里面，直到一切都恢复了平静。辨析calm, still, quiet与silentWhen facing danger, one should keep calm.
一个人面对危险时，应该保持镇静。
The room was still at the end of the speech.
演讲结束时屋子里寂静无声。
The baby is sleeping; be quiet please.
孩子在睡觉，请保持安静。
When we asked her about it, she kept silent.
当我们问她有关这件事时，她保持沉默。即学即用
用calm/quiet/still/silent填空。
When facing dange，we should keep________；when taken photos，we should keep________；when someone else is asleep，we should keep________；but in class，we shouldn't keep________about the teacher's questions.
我们面对危险时应何持镇静；照相时要保持不动；当其他人睡觉时应保持安静；但是在课堂上，对老师的问题不应保持沉默。
答案：calm；still；quiet；silent
8．surface n．[C]表面；水面
You must not look only at the surface of things.
看事物不能只看其表面。
The submarine slowly rose to the surface.
潜艇缓缓升到水面上。
知识拓展
固定搭配：on the surface表面上(的)
The two things are similar on the surface but actually they have many differences.
这两种事物表面看起来相似而实质上有很多的差别。
即学即用
语法填空
Although most of the earth's ________is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious.
答案：surface surface“表面，外表”。句意为：虽然地球表面大部分都被水覆盖，但淡水还是非常稀有和珍贵。9．dive v.
(1)下潜；潜入；跳水
He dived from the bridge and rescued the drowning child.
他从桥上跳到水里，救起了那个快要溺死的小孩。
(2)跳入；冲进；窜进
①The eagle dived down on the rabbit.
那只雄鹰向兔子猛扑了下来。
②The goalie dived for the ball, but missed it.
守门员一个鱼跃向球扑去，可是没有扑到。
(3)突然下降；暴跌
The share price dived from 49p to an all-time low of 40p.
股价从49便士暴跌到40便士的历史最低位。
知识拓展
make a dive for 向……冲去
take a dive 突然下降；(市价)暴跌
dive in (头朝下)跳进水里；开始吃；猛吃
dive into 跳入；钻进；冲进；钻研；埋头于
即学即用
语法填空
He took ________ deep breath and ________ the sea.
答案：a; dived into take a deep breath为固定搭配，意为“深吸一口气”；dive into the sea意为“潜入海中”，句意为：他深深地吸了一口气然后潜入海中。
10．sceptical adj.怀疑的；不相信的
He gave me a sceptical look.
他用怀疑的眼光看我。
The public remain sceptical of these claims.
公众对这些说法仍持怀疑态度。
知识拓展
固定搭配：be sceptical about/of sth.怀疑某事
I'm sceptical about his chance of winning.
我怀疑他取胜的可能性。辨析sceptical与suspicious
People say eating apples can clean your teeth, but I'm sceptical about that myself.
人们说吃苹果有助于洁齿，但我对此表示怀疑。
His strange behavior made the police suspicious.
他的怪异举动令警方起了疑心。
即学即用
语法填空
Many scientists remain sceptical ________ the value of this research programme.
答案：about be sceptical about为固定搭配，意为“对……怀疑”。句意为：很多科学家对这个研究方案的价值仍持怀疑态度。11．cover v.
(1)vt. 占据；覆盖；走完；看完；报道；涉及
①The big garden covers an area of more than 100 mu.
这个大花园占地一百多亩。
②The mountain is covered with snow all the year around.
山上终年被雪覆盖。
③The review covered everything we learned last term.
这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。
④She covered 1 000 metres in less than 4 minutes.
她在不到4分钟的时间内走了1 000米。
⑤He was sent to Greece to cover the Olympics.
他被派往希腊报道奥运会的情况。
(2)n. 遮盖物；盖子；罩子；(图书、杂志的)封面
We have protected the bike with a plastic waterproof cover.
我们已经用塑料防水蓬保护好了那辆自行车。
知识拓展
be covered with 盖满；覆盖；充满(羞愧，慌乱等)
cover up 完全盖住；盖好
from cover to cover 从头到尾一页不漏
under cover 在遮蔽处；附在信中；秘密地；暗中
under the cover of 在……的掩护下；打着……的幌子
即学即用
语法填空
—Do you have enough to________all your daily expenses?
—Oh yes, enough and to spare.
答案：cover 本题考查词义。cover此处为动词，意为“(钱)足够的”。1.close to
(1)(在空间或时间上)接近
Our house is close to the park.
我们的房子离公园很近。
(2)几乎(处于某种状态)；可能(快要做某事)
①He was close to tears.
他几乎快要掉眼泪了。
②We are close to signing the agreement.
我们可能很快就要签订协议。知识拓展
(1)get close to 接近
Tell the children not to get close to fire.
告诉孩子们不要靠近火源。
(2)be close to sb. 与……关系亲密；在……附近
She is very close to her father.
＝She and her father are very close.
她和父亲的关系很亲密。
(3)live close to 住在……附近
We live close to the church/close by the church.
我们住在教堂附近。
(4)keep a close eye/watch on sb./sth. 密切注视；严密监视
Over the next few months we'll keep a close watch on sale.
在今后的几个月里我们将密切关注销售情况。辨析：close与closely
close意思是“近的”；closely意思是“仔细地”。close多修饰介词短语；closely多修饰过去分词。
①He is sitting close to me.
他就坐在我边上。
②Watch him closely.
盯着他。
③The two events are closely connected.
两起事件之间有密切的联系。
即学即用
语法填空
If the firms failed to make enough money, they would close________.
答案：down 根据句意“如果公司不能赚足够的钱，他们就会倒闭”。close down“公司关门；停业”，符合句意。2．be likely to 很可能
He is likely to be the best poet here.
他很可能是这儿最好的诗人。
(1)反义短语：be unlikely to 不可能
(2)likely是以-ly结尾的形容词，其他常见的以-ly结尾的形容词：
daily(每日的；日常的)；weekly(每星期的；一周的)；
monthly(每月的)；yearly(每年的)；early(早的)；
friendly(友好的)；deadly(致命的)；lovely(可爱的)；
lonely(孤独的)；lively(活泼的)；
brotherly(兄弟般的)；sisterly(姐妹般的)；silly(傻的)；
ugly(丑陋的)；elderly(上年纪的)；oily(多油的)即学即用
语法填空
Studies show that people are more________to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
答案：likely 句意：研究表明如果人们长时间坐在电脑屏幕前，他们更可能遭受一些背部问题。likely 的主语可以是人，符合句意。
3．be similar to 与……类似/相似
His problem is similar to yours.
他的问题和你的相似。
知识拓展
(1)similar意为“相像的”；“类似的”；无比较级，可作前置定语。表示“某物与另一物相似”，similar后接介词to；表示在“某方面相似”，similar后用介词in。(2)similar与like, same的意思比较接近。但也有较明显的差别。
like作形容词时，意思是指人或物相似到难以区分的地步。
same指同一个人或物，也指在性质等方面完全相同的不同事物。
similar指相似但不完全一致。
(3)similar的名词是similarity，作不可数名词时，意为“相似性”“类似性”，后常接介词between, in, to，with。similarity作可数名词时，意为“类似处”；“相似事例”。
即学即用
完成句子
Plants and trees need water to grow, ________(相似地), friendships need our heart and passion to develop.
答案：similarly1.The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.
据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。
(1)Meng Fanying作the director of a local tourist office的同位语，指同一个人；said后面是宾语从句，从句的主语是the monster，谓语是was ten metres from the edge of the lake。during the most recent sighting在从句中充当状语；which引导定语从句，修饰monster，which在定语从句中作主语。
(2)seem link-v. 好像；似乎；仿佛知识拓展
(1)后跟形容词或名词作表语
He seems a soldier.
他好像是一个士兵。
(2)后跟不定式
You seem to have caught a cold. You should go to see a doctor.
你好像感冒了，应该去看医生。
(3)用于It seems that/as if...句型中
It seems that he is telling lies.
他好像在说谎。
(4)用于There seems...句型中
There seems to be something wrong with my bike.
我的自行车好像有毛病。
(5)用于It seems＋介词短语结构中
It seems like years since I last saw you.
从我上次看见你到现在好像几年了。
辨析：seem, appear与look
seem暗示判断有一定根据，比较接近事实。
appear强调外表给人的印象，但事实不一定如此。
look往往指外貌，目所能及，其后不跟不定式或that从句，但可用于It looks as if...结构中。即学即用
完成句子
(1)要他理解现代音乐似乎是不可能的。
________ ________ impossible for him ________ ________ modern music.
(2)我好像曾经见过他。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ him before.
(3)似乎没必要帮助那个国家。
There ________ ________ ________no need to help that country.
(4)似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
________ ________ ________no one knows what has happened in the park.
答案：(1)It seems; to understand
(2)seem to have seen
(3)seems to be
(4)It seems that2．In another recent sighting, a group of soldiers claim they saw an animal moving on the surface of the water.
最近另有一次，一群战士证实：他们看见湖的水面上有东西在流动。
本句使用了现在分词moving作宾语补足语，表示动作的正在进行，如果宾语与后面的宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且宾补所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，宾补就用现在分词，常见的用现在分词作宾补的结构有：get/leave/keep/catch/have sb. doing; see/find/watch/feel/hear/listen to/discover sb. doing等。
①When I came in, I found him lying in bed.
我进来时发现他正躺在床上。
②He kept me waiting the whole morning.
他让我等了整整一上午。
注意：如果把上述结构变为被动语态(get, have, feel除外)，则原来作宾补的现在分词就变成主补。
The girl was caught stealing.
这女孩偷东西时被抓住了。即学即用
语法填空
(1)Listen! Do you hear someone ________ (call)for help?
答案：calling 句意：听！你听见有人在呼救吗？calling符合题意，hear sb. doing sth.，听见某人正在干某事。
(2)(四川高考改编)I looked up and noticed a snake ________ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
答案： winding 本题考查非谓语动词。notice后跟复合结构，宾语是a snake，宾补是wind的形式，表示当时正在进行的动作，故用winding。句意：我抬起头来注意到一条蛇蜿蜒爬到树上去捕获它的早餐。根据句意应用winding。3．He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
他说他看见圆形黑色的东西在湖面快速潜入水中。
本句使用了不定式的完成式to have seen表示动作的完成。这种结构主要有下述几种方法：
(1)表示该动作或状态发生在谓语动作发生的时间之前。常见于下列结构中：
①用作主语或宾语
It's my pleasure to have attended your lecture last night.
昨晚能听你的报告是我的荣幸。(主语)②用于形容词后作原因状语
I'm sorry not to have come to your help last night.(＝I'm sorry I didn't...)
很抱歉昨晚没能来帮你。
③用于seem, appear, happen, chance, pretend等动词之后
They seem/appear to have known the fact.(＝It seems/appears that they have known the fact.)他们好像已经知道了真相。
④用于“be＋said/thought/considered/reported/believed...”之后
There is said to have been many people waiting to see him when he arrived.(It's said that there had been...)据说他到达的时候已经有很多人在等着见他了。⑤用于“be＋sure/certain/likely...”之后
You are sure to have known each other before.
你们以前一定相互认识。
(2)用于hoped/wished/wanted/expected/meant/planned等，以及promised/was/were/would like之后，表示未曾实现的希望或计划等。
I hoped to have gone to his help yesterday, but I was too busy then.
昨天我本想去帮他的，可我太忙了。(3)用于表示“希望”等含义的动词的现在时之后，表示到将来某时，某事已发生或完成。
I mean to have covered half of the story by ten o'clock tonight.
我打算今晚十点前看完故事的一半。
(4)用于情态动词ought之后，多表示对已发生的事的评论：ought to have done表示“本该做……却未做”；oughtn't to have done表示“本不该做……却做了”。
You oughtn't to have helped him yesterday.
昨天你本不该帮他的。即学即用
语法填空
The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported________(break)the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
答案：to have broken sb./sth. is reported to do sth.为常用的表达方式，to do不能用doing形式，“打破世界记录”是已经发生的事情，故用不定式的完成式。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A woman was ________(袭击)and robbed by a gang of youths in the street last night.
2．I remember that crash among the most ________(令人恐惧的)experiences of my life.
3．The ________(生物)of the sea provide us with rich resources.
4．There are many ________(神秘的)stories about the Egyptian pyramids.
5．He________(声称)that he has got one of the earliest British stamps, but nobody believes him.6．Was it a savage? Crusoe looked at the ________(脚印)，full of fear.
7．Don't play with the________(锋利的)knife. It may hurt you.
8．A large proportion of the earth's ________(表面)is covered with water.
9．These laws have ________ for hundreds of years.
10．She was so ill that it seemed ________(不可能地)that she would pull through.
答案：1. attacked 2. frightening 3. creatures
4. mysterious 5. claims 6. footprint 7. sharp
8. surface 9. existed 10. unlikelyⅡ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．Stand over there and you'll be able to get a clear look ________it .
2．The doctor asked him to stick his tongue ________.
3．The swimmer dived ________ the swimming pool from the diving board.
4．The singer, after many years, is back ________ the news.
5．It's dangerous to go close ________ a dog.
6．The horses he drew in the picture look ________ monsters.
7．The two pictures are the same________colour.
8．There have been reports________ monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning ________ the last century.
9．________ some places, the lake is more than 370 metres deep.
答案：1. at 2. out 3. into 4. in 5. to 6. like 7. in
8. of；of 9. In
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．Sheep on a far-away Scottish island are gradually reducing ________ global warming.
答案：as a result of 句意：由于全球变暖的原因，在遥远的苏格兰岛上的绵羊正在减少。as a result of“因为”，符合句意。
2．He claimed to________(treat)badly in the restaurant last Sunday.
答案：have been treated 句意：他声称上周日在那个饭店受到了粗鲁的对待。claim“声称，断言，宣称”。其句法结构为：claim sth./claim to do sth./claim that...。由句意可知不定式的动作发生在claim之前，所以用不定式的完成时。
3．There ________ (use to)be many people ________ (smoke)in the office, but now nobody is allowed to.
答案：used to；smoking 句意：曾经有许多人在办公室里吸烟，但是现在不允许任何人这么做。本题考查there be结构。“过去曾经有……”用“There used to be...”表示；句型“There be someone doing sth.”中现在分词smoking作后置定语，修饰people，people和smoke之间是主动关系，故用smoking。
4．My assurance doesn't satisfy him; he is still ________.
答案：sceptical 我说的确确实实，他都不信，仍有疑虑。考查词汇。sceptical“怀疑的”，符合句意。
5．He is less ________ to finish the task all by himself.
答案：likely 句意：他不太可能自己完成这项任务。此处考查句型be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”，只有likely可以这样用。6．We heard an explosion and________for cover.
答案：dived 句意：我们听到一声爆炸便俯身找掩护。dive意为“扑；冲”之意。
7．Seeing the sun________(rise)above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
答案：rising 本题考查宾语补足语的用法。see可接不定式或分词作补语，此句中宾语sun跟宾补rising之间构成主谓关系，且宾补(rising)所表示的动作与前面seeing所表示的动作同时发生，所以应用现在分词作宾补。
8．Immediate action must be________(take)before it is too late.
答案：taken take action to do sth. “采取措施干某事”。
9．He took a taxi to the station instead of________(walk)there.
答案：walking instead of“而不是”，后需跟n./pron./doing。
10．He rarely appeared in public from then on but was ________ in the news recently.
答案：back 考查固定搭配。be back in the news意为“再次成为新闻，再次被新闻关注”，符合题意。句意为：从那时起，他很少公开露面，但近日重新成为新闻人物。Module 6 第二课时
Ⅰ.改错
1．—What do you suppose has happened to him?
—I don't know. He should have got lost.
________________________________________________________________________
2．—Jerry doesn't mind lending you his bike.
—He couldn't. I have borrowed Mary's.
________________________________________________________________________
3．If he had been here, he can have given us some help.
________________________________________________________________________
4．I didn't hear the phone. I should have been asleep.
________________________________________________________________________
5．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who would have taken it?
________________________________________________________________________
6．Great changes must have taken place in the village in the past few years, mustn't they?
________________________________________________________________________
7．He mustn't have watched TV yesterday for I saw himin the lab.
________________________________________________________________________
8．Jane didn't come to' school yesterday, so she needn't have been ill.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.should→may/might 2.couldn't→needn't 3.can→could/might/would 4.should→must 5.would→could 6.mustn't→didn't 7.mustn't→couldn't 8.needn't→must
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．You________ ________ ________(本来能得到)the chance to go abroad，if you had appiled for it earlier.
2．The ground isn't wet.It________ ________ ________(不可能下雨)last night.
3．—Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?
—Something________ ________ ________(肯定发生了)to him.
4．She seems to know the film quite well.She________ ________ ________ ________(可能已经看过)before.
5．It's only five minutes' walk.We________ ________ ________(本来不必乘)a taxi.
6．They must have been to the Great Wall，________ ________(是不是)?
答案：1.could have got 2.can't have rained 3.must have happened 4.may have seen it 5.needn't have taken 6．haven't they
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．—Jerry________come back because the window is open.
—Yes，but he________left it open this morning.
答案：must have；might have 句意：——杰里肯定已经回来了，因为窗子开着呢。——是我，但也有可能今天早上他离开时就开着。第一空must have done是对过去情况的肯定推测；第二空是对过去情况的可能性的推断。
2．—Mummy，I climbed to get the teddy bear from the top of the shelf.
—My goodness！You________(hurt)yourself.You________do that next time!
答案：might have hurt；mustn't 句意：——妈妈，我爬到那个架子顶上把泰迪熊取下来了。——天哪！你有可能会伤到自己的。以后绝不能再干那事了！第一个空might have done是对过去情况的肯定推测；mustn't表示禁止。
3．(2014·柳州高一检测改编)—I'm sorry.I________(shout)at you the other day.
—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.
答案：shouldn't have shouted 句意：——对不起，前几天我不该对你大吵大闹。——算了，我自己也有点失去理智。根据时间状语the other day(前几天)可知是对过去的事情表示后悔。should't have done“本来不该帮的事”即做了不该做的事。
4．(2014·三明高一检测改编)Yesterday I found the calculator I thought I had lost，I________(buy)a new one.
答案：needn't have bought 考查情态动词＋have done的用法。句意：昨天我找到了我以为丢了的计算器。我本来不必买一个新的。needn't have done“本来不必做某事”。根据句意可知这里是表示“本来不必要买”，所以needn't have bought符合题意。
5．That's really bad.You________(catch)the bus if you had been in a hurry.
答案：could have caught 句意：太糟糕了。如果你赶快点的话，你本来能够赶上公共汽车的。此句考查could在虚拟语气中的用法，“如果你赶快点的话，你本能够干赶上汽车的”表示与过去事实相反的假设，用could have done。
6．(2014·福州高一检测改编)—I did not see your elder brother at the lecture yesterday.
—You________(see)him，since he went to see Chinese Zodiac——Jackie Chan's 101st movie.
答案：couldn't have seen 句意：——昨天听演讲的时候我没看见你歌。——你不可能看见他，因为他去看成龙的第一百零一部电影——《十二生肖》去了。根据句意可知，这里是表示对过去事情的一种否定推测，只能用couldn't have done“不可能做过某事”。符合题意。
7．He must have met his English teacher in the supermarket yesterday，________he?
答案：didn't 考查must have done的反意疑问句。句意：他昨天在超市一定遇见了他的英语老师，是吗？由yesterday可知，此句中must have done是对过去情况的推测，有过去的时间状语，故有didn't。
8．—Did you got to the film last night?
—Yes，but I ought to________(stay)at home，because the final exam is only two weeks away.
答案：have stayed 句意：——你昨天晚上去看电影了吗？——去了，但是我本应该留在家里的，距期末考度只有两周的时间了。根据句意可知，“我”后悔昨天晚上去看电影了。ought to have done表示本应该做某事，是对过去情况的责备、遗憾或后悔。
9．—________Tom have come to visit us when we were in Qingdao?
—No，he couldn't have come，because he has been on business in Dalian.
答案：Could 句意：——我们在青岛的时候汤姆有可能来看过我们吗？——不，他不可能来过，因为他一直在大连出差。could have done用于疑问句表示对过去情况的推测。
10．(2014·温州高一检测改编)I saw her in the office this morning.She________(come)back to work without the doctor's permission.
答案：shouldn't have come 句意：今天早晨在我在办公室里看见她了。她真不该未经医生允许就回来工作。shouldn't have done“本来不该做某事”，表示做了不该的事情。符合题意。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Several years ago, my friend Arlene and her husband were invited to spend the weekend at the husband's employer's home. Arlene was nervous about the__1__，because the boss was very__2__， with a fine home and cars costing more than her house.
Everything went well and Arlene was__3__to have this rare chance to see how rich people__4__. The boss was quite generous as a(n)__5__and took them to the finest restaurant for dinner.__6__ the three of them were about to enter the restaurant, the boss walked slightly ahead.__7__he stopped and looked down at the road for a long, silent moment. Arlene wondered if she was supposed to__8__him. Then with__9__，Arlene looked down at the road too. There was nothing on the__10__except a single darkened__11__. The boss reached down and__12__the penny. He smiled, and then put it in his __13__as if he had found a great treasure. Why would a man like this even take the time to__14__and pick up a single penny? What__15__did this man have for a single penny?
When they were in the restaurant she could__16__it no longer. She casually mentioned that her daughter had once had a coin__17__，and asked if the penny he had found was of some__18__. A smile crossed the man's face as he took the penny out of his pocket. “Look at it，” he said，“‘In God We Trust’．”
“In America, for those who trust in God, the name of God is holy，__19__on a coin. Whenever I find a coin I see those words. They can be found on every single American coin，but people never seem to__20__them! For a short time, at least, I cherish(珍惜) each one as if it were gold.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了朋友Arlene和她的丈夫被老板邀请去吃饭的时候发生的一件事情。
1．A.festival B．meeting
C．weekend D．interview
答案：C 第一段第一句中的weekend提示了本题答案。与非常有钱的人共度周末(weekend)，Arlene非常紧张。
2．A.wealthy B．active
C．proud D．responsible
答案：A 由本空后的with a fine home and ears costing more than her house及下段的rich people可推测，这位老板非常有钱(wealthy)。
3．A.encouraged B．delighted
C．surprised D．puzzled
答案：B 能有机会与有钱人共度周末当然很高兴(delighted)。
4．A.looked B．thought
C．suggested D．lived
答案：D 能去了解那些富人是如何生活(lived)的。
5．A.friend B．leader
C．host D． owner
答案：C 老板是个慷慨的人，带他们去最好的饭店以尽地主(host)之谊。
6．A.If B．As
C．Until D．Unless
答案：B 当(As)他们一行三人要进饭店时，老板走在最前面。
7．A.Luckily B．Happily
C．Slowly D．Suddenly
答案：D 由本空前后的walked和looked down可知，老板走着走着，突然(suddenly)停下来低头看路。
8．A.pass B．follow
C．ask D．stop
答案：A Arlene想她是否应该从老板身边走过去(pass)。
9．A. disappointment B． curiosity
C．patience D．doubt
答案：B 带着好奇心(curiosity)，Arlene也低头看路。
10．A.ground B．restaurant
C．bill D．car
答案：A 地上(ground)除了一枚黑乎乎的硬币，什么也没有。
11．A.paper B．wallet
C．penny D．box
答案：C 结合上下文语境及下文的the penny可知，Penny(硬币)符合语境。
12．A.put up B． brought up
C．picked up D．gave up
答案：C 老板弯下腰来捡起(picked up)硬币，并放进口袋里。
13．A.pocket B．wallet
C．bag D．hat
答案：A 下段“he took the penny out of his pocket”有提示。
14．A.stop B．prevent
C．wait D．agree
答案：A Arlene在想：老板为什么要花费时间停下来(stop)去捡一枚小小的硬币呢？
15．A.treasure B．need
C．good D．possibility
答案：B 他有什么必要(need)要那么一枚硬币呢？
16．A.judge B．refuse
C．hide D．stand
答案：D 在饭店Arlene终于忍不住(stand no longer)要问这个问题。
17．A.box B．collection
C．competition D．memory
答案：B 她委婉地说她女儿曾经收集硬币，并问他刚才捡起的那枚硬币有什么价值(value)。
18．A.use B．value
C．interest D．help
答案：B be of some value有一些价值。
19．A.however B．so
C．even D． still
答案：C 对于那些信仰上帝的人们来说，上帝的名字是神圣的，即使(even)在一枚小小的硬币上。
20．A.notice B．appreciate
C．share D．seize
答案：A 每一枚美国硬币上都有上帝的名字，但人们似乎不曾注意到(notice)。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Putting a dinosaur skeleton(骨架)together is not easy. The skeletons are usually very incomplete. Many dinosaur fossils(化石) are discovered badly damaged. Bones are often found crashed (压碎) or bent by the great weight of the dirt and rock above. Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together. This just adds to the confusion.
Unfortunately, some scientists' have not been careful enough in their descriptions of dinosaurs. They have told grand stories of how dinosaurs looked and behaved. All of these descriptions are based on guesswork—the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur. Some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on just a single bone or tooth or leg. Such pictures are based on many guesses and very little facts. The scientists' ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.
Dinosaur fossils are not found with labels attached showing what the animals looked like. That is why no pictures of dinosaurs are exactly right. Every dinosaur painting is sure to contain at least some wrong information. No artist in the twentieth century ever saw the living, breathing animals—complete with skin, flesh, and color.
For instance, imagine never having seen or heard of a peacock. One day you find the jumbled bones of it buffed in the ground. You try to put the bones together to form a skeleton. And then you try to draw a picture of what the animal looked like when it was alive. But bones cannot tell the whole story. Even if you are a very good artist, it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.
1．Which of the following is NOT a reason why putting a dinosaur skeleton together is difficult?
A．No one has seen a living dinosaur.
B．Dinosaur bones are too complicated when found.
C．Dinosaur bones are crashed or bent when found.
D．Dinosaur bones are mixed with other animals' bones when found.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，所发现的恐龙骨骼遭到了严重的破坏，或压碎或变形。有些还和其他动物的骨骼混合到一块，而且根据下文可知现代人谁也没见过活着的恐龙，所以A、C、D三项都是原因。故选B项。
2．According to Paragraph 2, we can infer that________.
A．some scientists are very careful in their descriptions of dinosaurs
B. the descriptions of dinosaurs contain some wrong information
C．some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on facts
D．the ideas of scientists are often proved right when more facts are discovered
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句话“All of these descriptions are based on guesswork—the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.”可推知关于恐龙的描述是建立在人们的想象之上，因此这些描述含有错误信息。故选B项。
3．Taking a peacock as an example, the author shows that________.
A．it is easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton
B．it is not easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton
C．a very good artist can draw a good picture even if he has never seen a peacock
D．it is impossible to draw a correct picture based on the bones and one's imagination
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Even if you are a very good artist, it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.”可知答案为D项。
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why it is difficult for scientists to find dinosaur fossils.
B．Why scientists can't give exact description of dinosaurs
C．How we can get right information about dinosaurs.
D．How we can put a dinosaur skeleton together.
答案：B 主旨大意题。全文谈论了在没有任何人见过恐龙的情况下，要想准确地描述出来恐龙是什么样子的，这是非常困难的，所以B项内容是文章谈论的中心。
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
A lecturer was giving a lecture to his students on stress management. He raised a glass of water and asked the audience, “How heavy do you think this glass of water is？” The students' answers ranged from 20g to 500g. It doesn't matter on the absolute__1__(weigh). It depends on how long you hold__2__. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I'll have__3__ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will have to call an ambulance. It's the exact same weight, but the__4__(long) I hold it, the heavier it becomes. If we carry our burdens__5__the time, sooner or later, we won't be able to carry on, the burden__6__(become) increasingly heavier. What you've to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it up again. We've to put down the burden periodically, so that we can__7__(refresh) and are able to carry on.
__8__you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work__9__.Don't carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow. Whatever burdens you're having now on your shoulders, let it down__10__a moment if you can. Life is short, enjoy it!
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．weight 做介词on的宾语应用名词weight。
2．it it指代a glass of water。
3．an 根据上下文语境可知用冠词，而ache以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
4．longer the more...the more是一个固定句型，从上下文语境可以知道一杯子水拿的时间越长就越觉得重，故用longer。
5．all 如果我们总是带着负担，迟早我们会带不动的。all the time表示“总是，一直”。
6．becoming 独立主格结构，与逻辑主语是主动关系，故用现在分词。
7．be refreshed 主语与refresh之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。
8．Before 从本段第二句话可知不要把它带回家，故应该是在回家之前，用连词before。
9．down 放下工作负担。put down“放下”。
10．for 本句的意思是：现在无论你的肩上有什么样的负担，如果可能的话把它放下一会儿吧。故此处用介词for。
【辽宁卷题型】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lucy：It's late afternoon. What are you going to cook__1__dinner tonight?
Mike：I don't feel like__2__tonight. Perhaps I might eat__3__.
Lucy：That's also a great choice! What restaurants do you have in mind?
Mike：Hmm, do you remember the one__4__provides free chicken soup? I can't get their specialty of the day out of my head，very delicious indeed. Would you like to go with me?
Lucy：Well，I am afraid that I have to babysit tonight.
Mike：Maybe I'll bring some dishes back for you then.
Lucy：Thank you.__5__I seldom take my order back home to eat because__6__all those plastic bags and boxes which are really bad for the environment.
Lucy: Yeah, I know，__7__I don't have any argument for that. However, those disposable bags and boxes make life more convenient, given that you don't have to do dishes after dinner.
Mike：True，but I don't know__8__ environmentalists would argue about that.
Lucy：Yeah，you are right，but don't worry. I will bring my new lunch box there. Let's start building an ever__9__(green) and cleaner world by paying attention to trivial(琐碎的) things that__10__.
Mike: That's great!
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．for 考查介词。句意：你晚饭做什么吃？
2．cooking 考查动名词。feel like doing...意思是“想要做什么”。
3．out/outside 考查副词。eat out/outside到外面去吃。
4．that/which 考查定语从句。引导定语从句，修饰the one，用关系代词that或which。
5．Although/Though 考查让步状语从句的连词。填空的关键是seldom，Mike说要给Lucy带饭菜回来，Lucy回答说：“谢谢。________我很少将饭菜带回家吃，因为……”只有让步状语从句的连词在此才适合。
6．of 考查介词短语。because of意思是“因为，由于”。
7．and 考查连词。根据句意可知道，空格前后是并列关系。
8．what 考查名词性从句。what引导宾语从句，意思是“我不知道环境学家会如何去辩论这一点”。
9．greener 考查形容词。由cleaner一词可知，此处要用green的比较级。意思是“建立一个更绿色环保的世界”。
10．matter 考查动词形式。定语从句中的动词主语是things，故用现在时态的复数形式。
课件55张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 必修4 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural WorldModule 61.1.1 集合的概念第二课时 Grammar1.1.1 集合的概念Module 6品句会意，正确翻译出黑体部分的汉语意思。
①One thing is for sure—the fire must have been caused by some cigarette butts(烟头)。
有一件事情很确定——______________________________。
②I think that he can't have gone abroad；I saw him just now.
_______________________；刚才我还看见他了。
③I shouldn't have watched that movie，because it gave me horrible dreams.
______________________，因为它让我做恶梦了。
④I needn't have got there so early，because she didn't come until 10.
___________________________，因为她直到10点才来。这场火灾一定是由一些烟头引起的我认为他不可能去了国外我本来不该看那部电影的我本来没必要那么早到那儿的1.adapt v.
(1)(使)适应；(使)适合
He adapted himself to cold weather.他适应了寒冷的天气。
(2)改编；改装
Here is a letter adapted from“Dear Abby”， Philadephia Bulletin, on March 9, 1973.
这里摘登一封“亲爱的爱华”的回信，刊登在1973年3月9日的《费城公报》上。
知识拓展
adapt for 使适合于；为……改编(改写)
adapt from 根据……改写(改编)
adapt sth. to 使某事物适应或适合
adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于某事
注意：该词的词形与adopt vt.“采用；收养”和adept adj. “内行的；熟练的”较为相似，要注意区分它们。
即学即用
语法填空
The good thing about children is that they ________ very easily to new environments.
答案：adapt 考查动词词义。adapt“适应”；句意：孩子有个好处就是他们很容易适应新的环境。故用adapt。
2．extinct adj.绝种的；消亡了的
Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.
恐龙已灭绝数百年了。
This custom is almost extinct in big cities.
这种习俗在大城市中已几乎不存在了。
知识拓展
extinction n．[U]灭绝；绝种；消亡
About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction.
大约有一千种动物濒临灭绝。
即学即用
语法填空
Without nature reserves, more animals are likely to become ________， which is known to us all.
答案：extinct extinct“绝种的”。句意为：众所周知，如果没有自然保护区，很有可能更多的动物将要灭绝。 1.die out
1)(指宗族、物种)灭绝；灭亡
This kind of bird is dying out.
这种鸟正在濒临灭绝。
2)(习俗等)渐渐消失
Many old customs are gradually dying out.
许多旧习俗正在日渐消失。
知识拓展
die away 逐渐停止；逐渐消失
die off 相继死去
die down 逐渐减弱；逐渐模糊；平息；平静
die of... 因……而死(因疾病，饥寒，情感等而死)
die from... 因……而死(因外因而死)即学即用
语法填空
(1)Throughout the earth's history, thousands of species have died________.
答案：out die out“灭绝，绝迹”。句意为：纵观地球的历史，成千上万的物种已经灭绝。
(2)Although the wind has died ________， the rain remains steady. So you still need a raincoat.
答案：down die down“渐渐消失”。句意为：尽管不刮风了，但雨还下着，因此你仍然需要一个雨衣。
2．throw light on/upon 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事
Recent research has thrown new light on the cause of the disease.
最近的研究使人们进一步了解了这种疾病的起因。
He threw light on his ideas at the meeting.
他在会议上阐明了自己的观点。
知识拓展
light构成的其他常用短语：come to light 为人所知；暴露
Some new information has come to light about the accident.
关于那次事故，已经了解到一些新的情况。
即学即用
语法填空
I believe the teacher's explanation will throw light________ this puzzling problem.
答案：on throw light on“阐明；帮助弄清楚”，符合题意。句意为：我相信老师的解释可以阐明这个令人疑惑的问题。
3．come straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山
I'll come straight to the point—we need more money.
我就直说吧——我们需要更多的钱。知识拓展
get to the point快点说出正题
There's no point(in)doing sth.做……没有什么意义(用处)
There's no point in wasting time.
耗时间没用。
to the point 简明恰当；简洁中肯；切题
off the point离题
on the point of正要……的时候
I was on the point of going to bed when you rang.
你来电话时我正要睡觉。
即学即用
语法填空
Don't talk round the question; let's come straight to______.
答案：the point come straight to the point“谈正题，开门见山”。句意为：不要在这个问题上绕圈子，咱们开门见山地谈出来吧。图解语法助记表解语法助记
表一：“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去的推测表二：“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去的虚拟
即学即用
语法填空
(1)They ________have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
答案：should 考查情态动词。should have done意为“本该做某事(但实际上未做)”，符合句意。句意：他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们的航班延误了。
(2)I________ (go)through that bitter period without your generous help.
答案：couldn't have gone 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你们慷慨相助，我不可能度过那段艰辛的岁月。表达与过去事实相反的虚拟时，主句常用“would/could/should/might＋have done”。
(3)We________ (put)John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
答案：would have put 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是因为约翰最近受伤的缘故，我们昨天就把他的名字写在参赛名单上了。根据句意及but for(倘若没有，要不是)可知，这里考查针对过去的虚拟，所以主句谓语部分要由would/could/might/should＋have done的形式构成。
(4)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone________(steal)it.
答案：might have stolen 考查情态动词。根据语境可知，手提包失而复得。这里是猜测，但并不确定，意为“这个手提包可能会被偷”。might的可能性小。
(5)I ________ have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.
答案：shouldn't 考查情态动词。shouldn't have done“本不应该做某事而做了”，表示与过去事实相反，符合句意。句意为：我本不应该去看那部电影——这会让我做可怕的梦。
(6)Jack described his father, who ________ (be)a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.
答案：must have been 考查情态动词。句中包含一个关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，由定语从句中的时间状语many years ago可知，此处应是对过去发生动作的肯定的推测，故用“must have done”结构，理解为“(过去)一定……”。 (7)Mark ________ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
答案：needn't 考查情态动词。句意：马克本没必要那么匆忙的。在高速行车后，他早到了半小时。needn't have done“本没有必要做，但实际上做了”。
(8)“You ________ have a wrong number，”she said.“There's no one of that name here.”
答案：must 考查情态动词的推测性用法。根据题中“There's no one of that name here.”可知，说话人肯定地推断出对方拨错了号码，表示非常有把握的推测要用must。
(9)—Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
—Oh, you ________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
答案：should 根据上文的“我昨天没有完成任务”和下文的“因为昨天是最后期限”判断，此处含有责备的意思，所以用should have done，表示“该做的事情而没有做”。
(10)(浙江高考改编)Had they known what was coming next, they ________(have)second thoughts.
答案：might have had 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们知道然后会发生什么事情的话，他们就会三思了。根据从句的时态可知，本题是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用过去完成时态，主句用should/could/might/would＋have done结构。
(11)(江苏高考改编)—Happy birthday!
—Thank you! It's the best present I ________(wish)for.
答案：could have wished 考查情态动词。句意：——祝你生日快乐！——谢谢！这是我能想到的最好的礼物。could have done能够做某事；should have done本该做但未做；must have done过去肯定做了；may have done或许做了。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She ________(适应)herself quickly to the new climate.
2．Many beautiful fish are fast ________(消失)because of the severe pollution.
3．Zoos can help people to stop animals from going________(灭绝)．
4．Many scientists think that birds probably ________(进化)from reptiles.
5．We checked in and went________(直接)to a big hall to wait for our flight to be called.
答案：1.adapted 2.disappearing 3.extinct 4.evolved 5.straight
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示完成句子，每空一词
1．________ ________ ________(可能)something wrong with my bike.
2．________ ________ ________(据说)a big earthquake happened in Italy.
3．If you can ________ ________(适应)something, you can change in order to make the situation better.
4．Perhaps too much fighting caused the species to ________ ________(灭绝)．
5．Your investigation has ________ ________ ________(阐明)this question.
答案：1.There may be 2.It's said that 3.adapt to 4.die out 5.thrown light onⅢ.用may, might, may have, might have及所给动词的适应形式填空
1．Scientists say it ________ (be) five or six years before it is possible to test this medicine on patients.
2．John ________ (phone) tonight. I don't want to go out in case he phones.
3．Jane walked away from the discussion yesterday. Otherwise, she ______ (say) something she would regret later.
4．People ________ (have) different opinions about Helen，but I admire her. After all, she is a great musician.
5．—Are you going to Jeff's party?
—I'm not sure. I ________ (go) to the concert instead.
6．He ________ (know) the truth; otherwise he wouldn't be so angry now.
7．—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry，I am not sure. But it ________ (be)．
答案：1.may be 2.may phone 3.might have said 4.may have 5.might go 6.might have known 7.might beⅣ.语法填空
1．Now some animals are in danger of________(die out)．
答案：dying out 句意：现在一些动物面临灭绝的危险。die out意为“灭绝”，由句意可知有v-ing形式。
2．It's no use just telling me to do it; give me some ________(积极的)advice as to how to do it.
答案：positive 句意：只告诉我去做这件事没有用，关于如何做这件事，给我点建设性的建议吧。positive意为“正面的，积极的，建设性的”，符合句意。
3．—Believe it or not, Mike, I was chosen as an exchange student to Canada.
—Congratulations！That's quite________.
答案：something 句意：——Mike，信不信由你，我被选作去加拿大的交换生了。——祝贺！真是件了不起的事情。something意为“了不起的人或事”，符合题意。
4．—How do you react________ this modern artist's paintings?
—I like every painting of his.
答案：to 句意：——你对这位现代艺术家的画有何评价？——我喜欢他的每一幅画。react to意为“对……作出反应”符合句意。5．—Mr. Wang was caught in a snowstorm yesterday.
—I know that，and ________ (fortunate)his new car was completely destroyed.
答案：unfortunately 句意：——王先生昨天遇上暴风雪了。——我知道，并且很不幸，他的新车完全被毁了。unfortunately意为“不幸地”，符合句意。
6．You mustn't do that matter. It will ruin your________。
答案：reputation 句意：你决不要做那件事，它会毁了你的名声。reputation意为“名声，名誉”，符合句意。7．It's agreed that the traffic accident was largely due________ the driver's carelessness.
答案：to 句意：人们都认为这次交通事故很大程度上是因为司机的粗心。due to意为“由于”，表示原因，符合句意。
8．I'll come________to the point—I don’t agree with what you' ve said.
答案：straight 句意：我要开门见山地说，我不同意你说的话。come straight to the point是固定词组，意为“谈正题；开门见山”。9．Look! The black clouds are gathering, which ________ (indicate)that it will rain soon.
答案：indicates 句意：看！乌云正在聚集，这表明天快下雨了。indicate意为“暗示，表明”，此处which指代前面的句子，且在定语从句中作主语，因此谓语动词用单数。
10．Please keep calm and the police will ________ light on the cause of the fire.
答案：throw 句意：请保持冷静，警方会弄清火灾的起因的。throw light on是固定词组，意为“帮助弄清楚”。Module 6 第三课时
Ⅰ.写出黑体单词在句中的含义并识记
1．He tried hard to adapt himself to the new conditions.( )
2．If the sun were to disappear, what would the earth be like？( )
3．If we continue to destroy the environment, many more animals will become extinct.( )
4．Although he was poor, he was quite generous to his needy friends.( )
5．It has taken more than four billion years for plant and animal life to evolve.( )
6．She has a high reputation in France as Premier of Britain.( )
7．His father made a fortune out of bananas.( )
8．He has a positive attitude towards life.( )
答案：1.适应 2.消失 3.绝种的 4.大方的 5.进化 6.声誉 7.财富 8.积极的
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他移居美国后孩子们能很好地适应变化。
When he moved to America，the children________________the change very well.
2．该队的成绩在很大程度上是由于她的出色表现。
The team's success was largely________________her excellent performance.
3．他的科学实验阐明了这个问题。
His scientific experiments__________________the problem.
4．不要说别的，让我们谈正题。
Don't say anything else.Let's__________________.
5．当我进来时，他好像正在吃东西。
When I came in，he seemed__________________something.
答案：1.adapted to 2.due to/owing to/thanks to 3.threw light on 4.come straight to the point 5.to be eating
Ⅲ.短文填空
People talk about 1.________almost everywhere in the world but have 2.________opinions. In Chinese culture, dragons are generous and 3.________. The dragon was closely connected to the 4.________family. According to popular belief, if you were born in the year of the dragon, you are intelligent, brave and a natural leader.
But in the west, most people think 5.________of the dragon. It is said that in an old English story a man kills a 6.________dragon and the man is called a hero by people.
The reason 7.________westerners dislike dragons is that the idea of the dragon came from the 8.________， an animal which people hated and were afraid of. But the idea of the dragon in China came from the alligator，an animal which is a good 9.________for agriculture，so the Chinese people think dragons can bring good 10.________to them.
答案：1.dragons 2.different 3.wise 4.royal 5.poorly 6.dangerous 7.why 8.snake 9.sign 10.fortune
Ⅳ.语法填空
1．—Believe it or not ，Mike，I was chosen as an exchange student to Canada.
—Congratulations！That's________.
答案：quite something 句意：——迈克，信不信由你，我被选作去加拿大的交换生了。——祝贺！真是件了不起的事情。That's quite something真了不起。
2．(2014·嘉兴高一检测改编)Many of the plants in this area will________if the government doesn't take measures to protect them.
答案：die out 句意：如果政府不采取措施加以保护，这个地区的很多植物将会绝种。die out 绝种，(风俗等)消失，符合题意。
3．________no point in beating around the bush.Let's come straight to________.
答案：There's；the point 句意：旁敲侧击是没有意义的，让我们开门见山吧。
4．(2014·大连高一检测改编)When in Rome，do as the Romans do suggests you should________to local conditions.
答案：adapt 句意：“入乡随俗”这句谚语建议你应该适应当地的环境。adapt适应，符合题意。
5．The television station apologized to the public for the bad signal，which was________bad weather conditions.
答案：due to 句意：电视台因为信号不好而向公众道歉，信号不好是因为天气状况太差。due to由于，因为，符合句意。
6．Even though he has lived in China for many years，Mark still cannot________himself to the Chinese customs.
答案：adapt 句意：尽管马克在中国生活已经很多年了，但他们不能适应中国的风俗习惯。adapt to“使适应”，符合句意。
7．There is a great deal of evidence________(indicate)that eating too much meat is one cause of many forms of cancer.
答案：indicating 句意：大量的证据表明食肉太多是多种癌症病变化的原因之一。indicate表明，暗示。根据句意用其分词。
8．The police are trying to find out the ________of the woman killed in the traffic accident.
答案：identity 考查名词辨析。句意：警方试图找出这位死于车祸的女性的身份。identity“身份”，符合题意。
9．I want to buy a Haier washing machine，for they have a high________for good quality and low price.
答案：reputation 句意：我想买海尔洗衣机，因为它们以优质和低价赢得了好名声，reputation名誉，名声，符合题意。
10．(2014·邯郸高一检测改编)I have had the good________to work with some experts.
答案：fortune 句意：我有幸与一些专家一起工作。have the fortune to do sth.有幸做某事。符合句意。
Ⅴ.完形填空
As the drought seemed to be lasting forever, a small group of farmers were wondering what to do next. The rain was important not only to keep their crops__1__， but to support the townspeople's way of__2__. As the problem became more__3__， the local church felt it was time to get involved and called a prayer meeting to ask for__4__.
In what seemed a remembrance of a Native American__5__， the people began to arrive. After they were all__6__. The pastor(牧师)slowly__7__his way to the front to officially__8__the meeting.
Everyone was taking the chance to__9__with close friends. The pastor's thoughts when he__10__the front were on quieting those__11__and starting the meeting.
__12__he began to ask for quiet, he__13__through the crowd and he took__14__of an eleven-year-old girl sitting in the front row.
Her face was shining__15__excitement, but she__16__sat in her place. Next to her, was a bright red umbrella, __17__for use. The beauty and innocence of the girl made the pastor smile as he__18__the faith she had. No one__19__at the meeting had brought a(n)__20__.
They had all come to pray for rain, but she had come expecting God to answer with the needed rain.
1．A.wealthy B．healthy
C．powerful D．necessary
答案：B 从第二句的语义看，雨能有助于庄稼健康地生长。powerful“强大的”；wealthy“富有的”；necessary“必须的”；都不符合语义。
2．A.working B．remaining
C．staying D．living
答案：D way of living“生活方式”。
3．A.usual B．urgent
C．common D．ordinary
答案：B urgent“紧急的；紧迫的”。正是由于问题变得紧迫了，所以才决定开会。
4．A.rain B．help
C．money D．advice
答案：A 根据下文可以看出他们召开这次集会的目的是为了求雨。
5．A.ceremony B．contest
C．match D．celebration
答案：A ceremony“仪式”；contest“竞赛”；match“比赛”；celebration“庆祝会”。村民们聚集在一起的目的是为了求雨，所以他们要举行“仪式”。
6．A.covered B．occupied
C．crowded D．seated
答案：D 根据“牧师”到前面判断，此时应是“在所有的人就座后”。
7．A.found B．struggled
C．felt D．made
答案：D make one's way to...“朝……走去”。此处指“牧师从人群中走向前面”。
8．A.end B．close
C．begin D．hold
答案：C 牧师到人们的前面宣布“开始”会议。
9．A.talk B．tell
C．say D．drink
答案：A 人们难得聚在一起，所以都利用这个机会同朋友交谈。
10．A.arrived B．reached
C．got D．hurried
答案：B reach“到达”；是及物动词。arrive后要加at；get和hurry后要加to。
11．A.possible B．probably
C．patient D．present
答案：D present是形容词，意为“出席的；在场的”，作后置定语。
12．A.Though B．Until
C．While D．As
答案：D 根据语义判断，此处表示“当……的时候”，while句子中的谓语动词不能是非延续动词。
13．A.got B．walked
C．looked D．saw
答案：C 由于牧师已经到了人们的前面，所以不能用walk。look through“浏览”；此处表示大体上看了一遍。see through“看透”。
14．A.hold B．sight
C．notice D．attention
答案：C take notice of“注意到”。牧师看了一下人群，注意到一个小女孩坐在前排。
15．A.for B．with
C．by D．at
答案：B with在此表示原因，此处意为“她的脸由于兴奋而放着光芒”。
16．A.quietly B．calmly
C．anxiously D．worriedly
答案：A 根据前面的excitement和but判断，此处应用quietly, calmly表示心情平静，与excitement不相符。
17．A.eager B．ready
C．anxious D．curious
答案：B 大家聚集到一起是为了“求雨”，小女孩拿着伞“准备着”下雨时用。
18．A.recognized B．promised
C．realized D．allowed
答案：C realize意识到。牧师意识到小女孩所拥有的信念，也就是“会下雨的”，因为她带来了伞。
19．A.even B．else
C．still D．also
答案：B no one else“没有别的人”，此处else修饰no one。
20．A.book B．pen
C．record D．umbrella
答案：D Next to her, was a bright red umbrella处有提示。
Ⅵ.阅读理解
Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you know was in trouble and he was? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP.
ESP stands for Extra Sensory Perception. It may be called a“sixth sense.”It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away.
Here is an example：A woman was doing washing. Suddenly she screamed, “My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair.”Just then, a telegram came. The woman's father had died of a heart attack. He died sitting in a chair.
There are thousands of stories like this on record. Scientists are studying them to find out what is behind these strange mental messages. Here's another example-one of hundreds of dreams that have come true.
A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, “There's room for one more.”The man felt the driver was death, so he ran away. The next day the man was getting on a crowded bus. The bus driver said，“There's room for one more.”Then the man saw the driver's face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldn't get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames. Everyone was killed!
Some people say stories like these are lies or coincidence. Others, including some scientists say that ESP is true. From studies of ESP, we may some day learn more about the human mind.
1．ESP lets people know about________.
A．their dreams
B．events after they happen
C．events before they happen
D．heart attacks
答案：C 什么是ESP(超感官知觉)，在第二段中进行了解释；It seems to let people know about events before they happen...，故选C。
2．The example of the man shows an ability to________.
A．avoid traffic accident
B．judge the good and evil of a person
C．know about the events that are happening some distance away
D．sense a danger that will actually happen later on
答案：D 文章第五自然段记叙了一个实例，一个人梦中发生的一切后来竟成为事实。他感知到了梦中可怕的结局，在现实中He wouldn't get on the bus.由此可见他有一种超前预知未来危险的能力(即ESP)，故本题选D。
3．In this passage the underlined word“coincidences”probably means________.
A．things which do not happen
B．things which happen by accident without necessary connection
C．things which are only dreams
D．things dreamed of only by sick people
答案：B 人们对ESP持两种观点：一些人(包括一些科学家在内)认为ESP真实存在；而另一些人认为这些ESP的事例要么是撒谎，要么是巧合。A、C项与事实不符。D项文章中没有涉及sick people。
4．From the passage, it can be inferred that________.
A．the dead B．men
C．women D．either B or C
答案：D 文中列举了一男一女两个实例，而A项the dead不可能有ESP。故本题选D。
课件56张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 必修4 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural WorldModule 6第三课时 Cultural Corner1.1.1 集合的概念Module 6Ⅰ.词汇初探
1．________(vi.)适应；适合
2．________(adj.)凶猛的；残暴的
3．___________(n.)名誉；名声
4．________(adj.)有雅量的，大方的；心地高尚的
5．________(n.)皇帝
6．________(n.)边境；国界
7．________(vt.)象征；暗示
8．________(vi.)不见；消失→appear(反义词)(vi.)出现
9．________(adj.)绝种的；消亡了的→extinction(n.)灭绝adaptfiercereputationgenerousemperorborderindicatedisappearextinct 10．________(vi.)进化，演变→evolution(n.)进化(论)
11．________(n.)毁坏→destructive(adj.)造成毁灭的→________(vt.)毁灭，破坏
12．____________(adj.)变化的莫测的→__________(adj.)可预测的→________(vt.)预测，预料→prediction(n.)[天气]预测，预报；预方；预言的事物
13．________(adj.)正面的→negative(反义词)(adj.)消极的
14．fortune(n.)运气；命运；财富→________(adj.)幸运的→_____________(adv.)幸运地→____________(adv.)不幸地evolvedestructiondestroyunpredictablepredictablepredictpositivefortunatefortunatelyunfortunatelyⅡ.短语互译
1．与……有关 ___________
2．灭绝 _______
3．帮助弄清楚；阐明某事 ____________
4．谈正题；开门见山 ____________________
5．适用于；努力获取；喜欢 ______
6．由于；因……造成 ______
7．隔离，使隔绝；切断 _______be related todie outthrow light oncome straight to the pointgo fordue tocut off8．almost overnight _______
9．quite something _________
10．be connected with/to ___________
11．according to ___________
12．plenty of _____迅速地非同寻常与……有关根据，按照许多Ⅲ.完成句子
1．皇室其他的成员也允许穿带有龙标志的衣服，但是爪子比较少而且颜色也不同。
Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols，too，but with fewer claws and ________________. (be of十名词)
2．然而，跨过威尔士的边境，出现在威尔士国旗上的红色龙却是一个正面象征，象征着力量和国家身份。
However，across the border in Wales，the red dragon which appears on the Wetsh flag is a positive symbol，_________________________________________ (v.-ing形式作后置定语)of a different colourindicating strength and a sense of national identity3．对于一种并不存在的生物，那是非同寻常的。For a creature that doesn't actually exist，_______________________. (besomething表令人瞩目的人或事物)
4．为什么龙在世界不同地区有不同的特征呢？
_________________________________________in different parts of the world？(should在句中表惊讶) that's quite somethingWhy should the dragon have a different character1.generous adj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的
It was very generous of you to forgive me.
你能原谅我，实在是宽宏大量。知识拓展
固定搭配：be generous to sb.对人宽容；慷慨
Although he was poor, he was very generous to his needy friends.
他虽穷，但对贫苦的朋友很慷慨。
be generous with sth.(用钱等)大方
I'd like to thank Simon, who's been very generous with his time.
我想感谢西蒙，他非常慷慨地投入了许多时间。
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语法填空
To be honest, I couldn't have finished the work on time without her ________help.
答案：generous generous“慷慨的，大方的”，符合句意。句意为：说实话，没有她的慷慨帮助，我是不可能按时完成那项任务的。
2．reputation n．[U, C]名誉；名声
I know Mark's reputation for being late.
我知道马克迟到是出了名的。
The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英国的天气是名副其实的。
知识拓展
have a good/bad reputation 名誉好/坏
lose/ruin one's reputation 名誉扫地
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名；名副其实
of great/good/high reputation 很有声望的；享有盛名的
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语法填空
The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good________.
答案：reputation 句意：这位医生在治疗心脏病方面技术高超而且从不接受病人的礼物，因此他有很好的声誉。本题考查名词辨析。reputation表示“名声，声望”符合句意。
3．border n．[C]边境；国界
You must go through customs in order to pass across the border.
你过边境就必须在海关办理手续。辨析border和frontier
They live on the border between China and Vietnam.
他们住在中越边境。
The soldiers guarded the frontier of the country.
战士们守卫祖国边境。
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语法填空
Situated so close to the________， they lived in constant fear of attack by the enemy from the neighbour country.
答案：border 考查名词。border“边界，国界”，符合句意。句意为：他们住在离边境这么近的地方，时时担心受到邻国敌人的袭击。
4．indicate v.
(1)表明；显示
Research indicates that eating is changing fast.
研究显示，饮食习惯正在迅速改变。
(2)暗示；象征
A red sky at night often indicates fine weather on the next day.
夜空呈红色往往预示第二天天气晴朗。
知识拓展
indication n. 表明；象征；暗示
indicative adj. 标示的；暗示的
indicator 指示信号；标志；迹象
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语法填空
There is a great deal of evidence ________(indicate)that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
答案：indicating 考查非谓语动词作定语。indicating that...＝which indicates that...。
5．identity n．[C，U]身份；特性
His driving license revealed his identity.
他的驾驶执照证明了他的身份。
He has no sense of his own identity.
他缺乏自我意识。
知识拓展
identify v．使……等同于；鉴别出；
Wealth cannot be identified with happiness.
财富不等于幸福。
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语法填空
The police are trying to find out the ________ of the woman killed in the traffic accident.
答案：identity 考查名词。identity身体，符合句意。句意为：警方正在设法查出那个在交通事故中遇难的妇女的身份。
6．fortune n．[C.U]运气；命运；财富
Every man is the master of his own fortune.
每个人都是自己命运的主宰。
He inherited a large fortune from his father.
他从父亲那里继承了一大笔财产。知识拓展
(1)fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunate adj.不幸的unfortunately adv.不幸地
Fortunately, no one was hurt in the accident.
幸运的是，这次事故中没有人受伤。
Unfortunately, he missed a good chance.
不幸的是，他错过了一个好机会。
(2)与fortune相关的固定搭配：make one's/a fortune发财
Many people went to cities to make their fortune.
为了发财，很多人都去了城里。
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语法填空
Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea.________ (fortunate)，neither of them could swim.
答案：Unfortunately unfortunately很不幸地，常用来表示一种不好的结果，符合句意。1.due to 由于；因为(介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词)
①The accident was due to careless driving.
这场车祸是粗心驾驶造成的。
②He arrived late due to the storm.
由于暴风雨他来晚了。
知识拓展
thanks to 由于；幸亏
on account of 因为；由于
owing to 因为；由于(常用于书面语)
because of多用于口语，表示直接的原因。
as a result of... 由于；作为……的结果(为较正式用语)
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语法填空
The open-air celebration has been put off because________ the bad weather.
答案：of because of“因为”，符合句意。句意为：因为天气不好，露天的庆祝活动已被推迟。
2．quite something (口语)不寻常的；令人惊讶的；非常好的(extraordinary)
It is quite something to be chosen to study abroad.
能被选为留学生，真不简单。知识拓展
(1)quite是程度副词，相当于汉语中“还算；相当”，其程度比fairly强些，但不如rather, pretty或very。
The lecture was quite good.
这个讲座相当好。
(2)quite与没有比较级的形容词连用时或与有比较级的形容词amazing, astonishing等词连用时，常作“绝对地；完全地”讲。
His French is quite perfect.
他的法语相当好。 (3)not quite意为“不完全地”，与没有程度差别的词连用，表达很小的差异。
①I'm not quite ready—just a minute.
我还没有完全准备好——马上就行。
②I don't quite agree.
我不完全同意。
③I don't think you are quite right, I'm afraid.
恐怕我不认为你就那么正确。
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语法填空
Mr Brown is quite________expert on Roman coins.
答案：an 句意：布朗先生是一位在罗马钱币方面响当当的专家。
3．a sense of national identity 民族感
sense n.
(1)感觉；五种感官之一
①The five senses are sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
五种感官是视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。
②She has a poor sense of direction.
她的方向感很差。
(2)意念；意识；
a sense of hunger 饥饿感
a sense of shame 羞耻心
a sense of responsibility 责任感
a sense of values 价值观
(3)做……的意义；价值；效用
There is no sense in criticizing him.
批评他没用。
知识拓展
in a sense 在某种意义上
make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通；明智
make sense of... 了解……的意义；理解
make no sense 没道理；讲不通
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语法填空
Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times, it didn't make any ________ to me.
答案：sense 句意：尽管我把教授布置的这本书读了好几遍，但是我还是不能理解。make sense“讲得通，有意义，言之有理”。 ...but with fewer claws and of a different colour.
……但是要少几个龙爪，并且颜色也不一样。
of a different colour 颜色不同
“be of＋n.”这一结构的用法：
(1)表示不同的人或物的共同特征，带有“同一”这一概念，此时名词前通常带有冠词，常用的名词有：size, kind, type, price, height, depth, width, length, weight, age, shape, colour等。
We are of the same age.
我们同岁。
(2)说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性，其中的名词通常是抽象名词，常用的有：use, importance, help, value, interest, quality等。
①The book is of great use to me.
这本书对我很有用。
②This medicine is of no use.＝This medicine is useless.
这种药没效果。
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You'll find this dictionary________great use for helping you to study English.
答案：of be of great use＝be very useful意为“很有用处”。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The dog seems ________(凶猛), but it's harmless.
2．The flood caused serious ________(毁坏) to the railway.
3．It's her nature to be ________(慷慨的)．
4．The store has an excellent ________(声誉)for fair dealing.
5．If you take a ________(积极的) attitude towards life, you will live happily and longer.
6．Snow ________(表明) the coming of winter.
7．The ________(身份) of the murdered man has not yet been established, because no one knows him at all.8．Hundreds of people leave their village to seek their ________(运气)in cities.
9．One Tang Dynasty ________(神话故事) holds that the Earth once had 10 suns circling it.
10．A wall was built along the ________(边境) to protect the country against attack.
答案：1. fierce 2. destruction 3. generous 4. reputation
5. positive 6. indicates 7. identity 8. fortune
9. myth 10. borderⅡ.用所给的词语的适当形式填空
1．The snake is an animal which people hate and ________.
2．The stove smokes, which is ________ the pipe being stopped.
3．He wanted to become an actor and went to Hollywood to ________.
4．My interest in the art of India ________ the time I spent there during the war.
答案：1. are afraid of 2. due to 3. seek his fortune
4. grew out ofⅢ.语法填空
1．—Do you think the movie is wonderful?
—Yes. It's quite________.
答案：something 句意：——你认为这部影片很好吗？——是的，确实不错。quite/really something“非同寻常/令人惊奇的人或物”。
2．After a long police investigation, the ________ of the murdered man has been confirmed(确认)．
答案：identity 句意：经长时间警方调查，那名被害人的身份已被确定。identity“身份”，符合句意。3．The ________ (destroy)caused by the earthquake was serious, which left thousands of people homeless.
答案：destruction 句意：地震引起的破坏很严重，这让成千上万人无家可归。destruction“破坏”，符合句意。
4．—The old millionaire is very ________ to people who are in trouble.
—That's why he gains people's respect.
答案：generous 句意：——老百万富翁对处于麻烦中的人很慷慨。——那是他得到人们敬仰的原因。generous“慷慨的”，符合句意。5．—Why does Michael know so much about Angkor Wat?
—He ________ have been there，or...
答案：might 第一个人问迈克尔为什么对吴哥窟如此了解，第二个人进行推测：他可能曾经去过那儿。might have done意思为(过去)有可能……。
6．Li Ao is a writer with a good________， who was well received the moment he appeared at the airport.
答案：reputation 李敖是一位有好名声的作家，当他一出现在飞机场，就受到了热烈的欢迎。a good reputation“好名声”。7．You'd better not be always________with your money. Try to make ends meet.
答案：generous 句意：你最好不要太大方地花钱，要量入为出。
8．Soccer is the most truly international team sport, but there's still some question________whether it should be called a game or open warfare.
答案：as to 考查短语。解此题要注意两方面：句子的含义；所给选项的意思。句意：虽然足球是最具有真实性的国际性团队运动，但是仍然存在某种问题，即关于它应该被称为运动还是户外战争。因此所填答案就是“有关；关于”，用as to符合句意。9．You are supposed to put everything in the hall in good order by Sunday. The professor is________give a lecture next week.
答案：due to 后一句意为：教授下星期将给我们作讲座。due to表示“即将的”。
10．When they came to a new country, they found it difficult to________themselves to new circumstances.
答案：adapt 句意：当他们来到一个新国家，他们发现很难适应新环境。adapt sb. to sth.“使某人适应于某事”。符合题意。课件10张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 必修4 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural WorldModule 6
在英格兰南部荒芜的索尔兹伯里平原上，屹立着一组巨石。有人称它们为巨石阵。这些高5～10米，平均重量为25～30吨的巨石是如何从威尔士被运来的？巨石阵的意义何在呢？The Stonehenge
Stonehenge, the most famous prehistoric monument in Britain, is situated on Salisbury Plain in the county of Wiltshire. At various times regarded as a site built by the Druids, the Romans, the Danes and even the French, the first stage—a circular ditch ①and bank with an entrance flanked②by a pair of small standing stones—is believed to have been built around 3000 BC. The site was subsequently③ abandoned and rebuilt between 2100 BC and 1800 BC.There are many mysteries surrounding this ancient site.Some of the stones used are thought to have come from the Presell mountains in Pembrokeshire, Wales—yet exactly how they were transported to the site in such a primitive④ age is a puzzle.Experts believe they may have been transported for most of the way by water, before being dragged overland for the last stage of the journey.
It has been suggested that Stonehenge once operated as a massive astronomical⑤ clock, and there are even suggestions that it was a landing site for UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects)! A more likely explanation is that Stonehenge was an important center of worship⑥ connected with the sun.
知识点击
1．ditch n．沟渠；壕沟
2.flank n．侧面
3．subsequently adv.其后，随后，接着
4.primitive adj.原始的
5．astronomical adj.文学学的
6.worship adj.崇拜，尊崇；爱慕自主探究
1．How many stages was the Stonehenge built?
__________________________________________________
2．What did the Stonehenge look like around 3000 BC？(no more than 20 words)
__________________________________________________
3．What's the more likely explanation why the Stonehenge existed？(no more than 20 words)
__________________________________________________
答案：1.Three.
2. A circular ditch and bank with an entrance flanked by a pair of small standing stones.
3．A more likely explanation is that Stonehenge was an important centre of worship connected with the sun.
