【成才之路】2014-2015学年高中英语选修八（十二省区）：Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors课件+强化练习（6份）

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成才之路 · 英语
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索
人教版 · 选修8(十二省区)
Meeting your ancestors
Unit 5
Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language
Unit 5
课堂要点探究
2
课堂达标验收
3
课前新知预习
1
课后强化作业
4
课前新知预习
Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．__________ n. 意义；重要性
→__________ adj. 重要的；有意义的
2．__________ adj. 有系统的，有条理的
→________ n. 系统
3．__________ v. 吐出→过去式：spat→过去分词：spit
4．__________ v. 删除
5．________ n. 学院，学会
→__________ adj. 学会的，学院的
6．___________ n. 接待员
→________ n. 接待处
significance
significant
systematic
system
spit
delete
academy
academic
receptionist
reception
Ⅱ.短语自查
1．________ 吐出来
2．_____________ 厌烦，厌倦
spit out
be fed up with
Ⅲ.语法练习
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1． Up to now, we________(receive)no news from her.
2．With the help of the teachers, he________(make) rapid progress in his studies.
3．With the rapid growth of population, the city________ (spread) in all directions in the past five years.
4．You should go to bed. You________(watch) TV for 5 hours.
5．I________(write) letters since breakfast.
6．I________(write) 3 letters since breakfast.
7．Sorry, but Mr. Smith________(leave) for Beijing.
8．I________(look) for him everywhere.Where can he be
9．Joseph________(go) to evening classes since last month, but he still can't say“What's your name？” in Russian.
10．—Who is Jerry Copper
—________you________(not meet) him yet I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.
答案：1．have received　2．has made　3．has spread　4．have been watching　5．have been writing　6．have written　7．has left　8．have been looking　9．has been going　10．Haven't; met
课堂要点探究
1．significance n. [U]意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
①Few people realized the significance of the discovery.
很少有人意识到这一发现的重要性。
②What was the significance of her look
她那种表情是什么意思？
知识拓展
(1)be of significance＝significant 重要的；意义重大的
(2)significant adj. 相当数量的；意义重大的
(3)significantly adv. 意义深远地；意义重大地
注意：be of＋抽象名词(significance, help，importance，value，use，benefit等)用来说明句子主语所具有的作用、重要性或意义。在这类抽象名词前我们可用一些形容词，如：great，little，some，any，no，much等来修饰抽象名词，用以说明程度。
They are of great help to the learners of English.
他们对英语学习者有很大帮助。
The book will be of great value to the students of studying history.
这本书对学历史的学生将很有价值。
The meeting is of great importance.
这个会议很重要。
This medicine is of no use.
这种药无效。
This matter is of no significance.
这件事无关紧要。
活学活用
(1)补全句子
①____________________(有什么意义) of the speech
②The new drug ____________________ (意义重大) for the treatment of the disease.
③It's a decision________.(具有重大政治意义)
(2)选词填空(significance/significant)
This discovery of oil is of great ________ to this area's economy.
答案：(1)①What's the significance　②has great significance/is of great significance　③of great political significance
(2)significance　句意：石油的发现对于这一地区的经济发展有着重要意义。be of great significance“有重要意义的”。
2．somehow adv. 以某种方式；通过某种途径；不知怎么地
①Somehow we must get to Qingdao.
我们得设法抵达青岛。
②Somehow, I don't feel I can trust him.
不知什么缘故，我觉得不能信任他。
知识拓展
somehow or other以某种方法
someway＝somehow以某种方式；不知怎么地
somewhat adv.稍微；有点儿
anyhow＝anyway 无论如何；尽管；即使这样
The water was very cold but I took a shower anyway.
水很冷，不过我还是洗了个淋浴。
活学活用
(1)用somehow, anyhow或somewhat填空
①I'm afraid we can't come, but thanks for your invitation ________.
②I was ________ surprised to see her.
③________ or other I must get a new job.
(2)I was overjoyed to pass the oral English test ________(不知怎么地), though I was not good at it.
(3)补全句子
要到达山顶不容易，但我们一定会设法做到的。
It won't be easy to get to the top of the mountain but ________ ________ ________________.
答案：(1)①anyhow　②somewhat　③Somehow
(2)somehow　句意：我非常高兴不知怎么地我竟然通过了英语口语考试，尽管我并不擅长英语口语。somehow“以某种方式，不知怎么地”。
(3)we'll make it somehow
3．systematic 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的
①Science may be described as the art of systematic oversimplification.
科学可以描述为有系统的高度简化的艺术。
②He is a systematic administrator.
他是一位有计划的组织者。
③She went about her work in a systematic manner.
她干工作时有条理。
知识拓展
system n. 体系；系统；制度；体制；秩序；规律
systematically adv. 有系统地；有计划地；有条理地
①Your system must be rebooted to adjust system settings. Reboot now
必须重新启动系统调整系统设置，立即重新启动吗？
②Shall we adopt the round robin system or the knock out system
我们将采用循环制，还是淘汰制？
③I wish they'd organize the party more systematically.
我希望他们把晚会安排得更加井然有序。
活学活用
(1)汉译英
他们有计划地开展他们的研究。
______________________________________________
答案：They carried out their research systematically.
(2)用恰当形式填空
In order to pass the entrance examination, each student made a________(system)arrangement.
答案：systematic　systematic“有系统的，有计划的，有条理的”。句意为“为了通过高考，每个学生都制订了一份有计划的安排”。
1．due to 由于……；归功于
①The team's success was largely due to her efforts.
该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。
②Most of the problems were due to human error.
多数问题都是人为错误造成的。
注意：due to一般不位于句首，如果需要放置在句首，常用because of或owing to。
知识拓展
due adj. 预定的；到期的
①When is the train due at Shanghai
火车预计什么时候抵达上海？
②Payment is due on October 1st.
付款期限为10月1日。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
Dora's application to that university was not accepted ________ ________her poor English.
答案：due to/because of
2．fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦
①She was fed up with her dog.
她对自己的狗感到厌烦。
②I am fed up with the same old sandwiches.
我已经吃厌了这种同样的老式汉堡包。
知识拓展
feed up(把人、动物)养肥，让……吃饱
feed back 反应；反馈
feed sb./sth. on sth. 用……喂养……
feed sth. to sb./sth. 喂……给……
feed on sth. (动物)以……为食；靠……活
live on sth.(人)以……为主食；靠……生活
come up with 想出
keep up with 跟上
catch up with 赶上
end up with 以……结束
①You look fed up. What's the matter
你满脸不高兴的样子。怎么啦？
②Birds feed on worms and grains.
鸟以虫和谷物为食。
③We can't change the bad weather, so we must put up with it.
我们改变不了这种坏天气，所以对它只好忍受。
④The party ended up with a song that everyone is familiar with.
这个晚会以大家都熟悉的一首歌来结束。
活学活用
(1)根据意思，用适当的介副词填空
①The salesmen feed ________ information to the firm about its sales.
②Squirrels feed ________ nuts.
③Since Bob fell ill, the family has had to live ________ what his wife earns.
④He couldn't come up ________ an appropriate answer just at the time.
答案：①back　②on　③on　④with
(2)In big cities, people are fed up________ traffic jams.
答案：with　句意：在大城市里，人们厌烦了交通堵塞。be fed up with“厌烦；饱受；受够了”，符合题意。
(3)补全句子
这是我想出的唯一解释。
This is the only explanation that ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：I come up with
复习动词时态(Revise the verb tenses)
1．一般现在时
(1)一般现在时可以表示习惯性动作，即不断重复发生的动作。常和副词 usually，often，always, sometimes, regularly，near，occasionally，every year, every week 等连用。
He's working. He always works at night.
他在工作。他常常在晚上工作。
(2)一般现在时可用以陈述永恒的真理。
Summer follows spring.
春去夏来。
(3)一般现在时可用以陈述现在时段发生或存在的事件、动作或状况。这些事件、动作或情境说不定会无限期地持续下去。
My sister wears glasses.
我妹妹戴眼镜。
(4)一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，常用于谈论时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排的事情。这类动词有：be, go, come, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave 等。
The train leaves at 7∶00 p．m..
火车在下午7点离开。
(5)在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Whenever it rains the roof leaks.
只要下雨屋顶就漏水。
(6)一般现在时可用于戏剧性的叙述。在描述戏剧、歌剧等中的动作时极为有用。也常用于电台评论员、解说员对运动项目、公共集会等的报道中。
When the curtain rises, Juliet is writing at her desk. Suddenly, the window opens and a masked man enters.
幕启时，朱丽叶正坐在桌旁写字。忽然，窗户开了，一个戴面罩的人走进来。
2．一般过去时
(1)一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件，动作或状况，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。
①When did you meet him
你是什么时候见到他的？
②Sam phoned me a moment ago.
萨姆刚才给我打过电话。
(2)一般过去时可以表示过去的习惯性动作。
①They never drank wine.
他们从来不喝白酒。
②I smoked forty cigarettes a day till I gave up.
我戒烟前每天要抽40支烟。
(3)一般过去时可以表示刚刚发生过的事情，而不必说明时间。
①Who left the door open
谁没关门？
②Did the telephone ring
刚才电话铃响了吗？
3．一般将来时
(1)shall/will＋v.主要表示事先未曾考虑过的某种意图或打算，即说话时刻临时想到做什么事。
—I'm sorry that I forgot to bring my pen with me.
—I'll lend mine to you if you need it.
“抱歉，我忘记带钢笔了。”
“如果你需要的话，我把我的笔借给你。”
(2)be going to＋v.在口语中广泛使用，主要表示准备做或将发生的事情。这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备。
I'm going to meet Tom at the station at six.
我打算6点钟到车站接汤姆。
(3)be to＋v.表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。
We must go if we are to take the nine o'clock train.
如果我们一定要乘坐9：00的火车，我们必须走了。
(4)be about to＋v.表示即将发生的动作，后面一般不跟时间状语。
A new book is about to be brought out.
一本新书即将出版。
(5)be due to＋v.表示预先确定了的事， 必定发生的事。
We are due to leave tomorrow.
我们定于明天动身。
4．现在进行时
(1)现在进行时表示说话时刻正在进行的动作或事件。
I am not wearing a coat as it isn't cold.
天气不冷，我没穿外衣。
(2)现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况，或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。
—What's your daughter doing these days
—She's studying English at Shandong University.
“你女儿现在在干什么？”
“她在山东大学学英语”。
(3)现在进行时可以表示暂时发生的事情。
The river is flowing very fast after last night's rain.
昨夜下过雨之后，河水流速很快。
(4)现在进行时可以表示当前的动向。
People are becoming less tolerant of smoking these days.
如今人们对于吸烟较为难以容忍了。
(5)现在进行时可以表示为将来安排好的活动或时间。表示趋向行为的动词(come, go, start, begin, leave等词)常用进行时表示将来时。
The Smiths are moving to America next year.
史密斯一家明年将搬到北京。
(6)现在进行时可以表示重复性动作。副词always, constantly, forever, repeatedly, all the time等可以与进行时连用，表示不断重复的动作。此外，还具有“赞叹、赞许、表扬、抱怨、 厌恶等感彩。
She is constantly changing her mind.
她经常改变主意。
5．过去进行时
(1)过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一阶段正在发生的动作。
When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone.
我到达时，汤姆正在打电话。
(2)表示过去计划、安排好的将要发生的动作。
He was busy packing，for he was leaving that night.
他那时正忙着打点行李，因为那天晚上他就要走了。
(3)表示逐渐的发展， 通常不与时间状语连用。
It was getting darker.
天越来越黑了。
(4)表示重复性的动作。
When he worked here, Roger was always making mistakes.
罗杰在这儿工作时老出差错。
(5)在描述性的段落中常使用过去进行时态，描述故事发生的背景。
The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.
风在刮，大雨倾盆而下。
6．将来进行时
(1)将来进行时通常和某一时刻连用，表示一个动作在该时刻之前开始并且很可能在该时刻之后仍然继续。
Now they are sitting in their classroom. They are listening to a tape. This time tomorrow they will be sitting in the cinema.They will be watching a film.
现在他们正坐在教室里。他们在听录音。明天这个时候他们将会坐在电影院里看电影。
(2)将来进行时用来表示不含意图又未发生的动作。
I will be seeing Tom tomorrow.
明天我要和汤姆见面。
7．现在完成时
(1)表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作。
I have(only)just seen John.
我刚才见到约翰了。
(2)表示在更早一点的过去发生的动作，它和现在的时间的联系仍然保持着，即该动作有可能现在仍在重复。
John Smith has written a number of short stories.
约翰·史密斯已经写了许多短篇小说。(意指他仍活着并可能写更多的小说。)
(3)表示反复性和习惯性的动作，常常和表示频率的副词连用。
I've watched him on TV several times.
我在电视里看到他好几次了。
(4)在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以替代将来完成时。
I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.
我一写完这封信就寄出去。
8．过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况。
I had just poured myself a glass of beer when the phone rang.When I came back from answering it the glass was empty. Somebody had drunk the beer or thrown it away.
我刚刚给自己倒了一杯啤酒，电话铃就响了。我接电话回来时，啤酒杯空了。一定有人喝掉了啤酒或者把它泼掉了。
(2)动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希 望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。注意：表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式还可以采用：
①was/were＋to have done sth.
We were to have been married in May.
我们本定于五月结婚。
②intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)＋to have done sth.
They meant to have seen us off at the station, but they couldn't get there in time.
他们原打算来车站为我们送行，但是他们没有及时到达。
(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：
①hardly, scarcely, barely＋过去完成时＋when＋过去时。
Hardly had we begun our walk when it began to rain.
我们刚一举步就下起雨来了。
②no sooner＋过去完成时＋than＋过去时。
No sooner had he arrived than it began to snow.
他一到，天就下起雪来了。
9．将来完成时
(1)将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
By the end of next month he will have been here for ten years.
到下月底，他在这儿就够十年了。
(2)表示一种猜测。
We'd better wait till 14 December. David will have had his exam by then, so he'll be able to enjoy himself.
我们最好还是等到12月14日。到那时大卫就考完试了，这样他就能够玩得痛快。
10．完成进行时
(1)现在完成进行时表示一个过去开始、现仍在继续中的动作或一个过去开始、现在刚刚结束的动作。
I've been waiting for an hour and he still hasn't turned up.
我等了一小时了，可他还没来。
(2)过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。
It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.
倾盆大雨连续下了一个多星期，许多地方发生了山体滑坡。
(3)将来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。
By the end of this year he'll have been acting for thirty years.
到今年年底他当演员就满30年了。
高考链接
用恰当时态形式填空
1．(真题改编·湖南)Whenever you ________ (buy)a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
答案：buy　考查动词时态。分析题干可知本句是陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，所填词用原形。
2．(真题改编·重庆)You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ (forget)it.
答案：forget　本题考查时态。句意：趁你没忘记之前，你最好把她的电话号码写下来。before 为连词，意为：在……之前、趁……，引导的时间状语从句中多用一般现在时表示将来，结合句意可知忘记这一动作发生在将来，故填forget。
3．(真题改编·江苏)—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing
—Well, the media ________ (cover)it in a variety of forms.
答案：have covered　考查时态。句意：——你对于将要在南京举行的青年奥运会了解多少呢？——媒体已经以多种方式对此作了报道。在此强调媒体报道对现在造成的影响和结果，那就是：我已经知道的很多了。表示过去所做的是对现在造成的影响和结果要用现在完成时。
4．(真题改编·福建)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been
—I went to Ningxia and ________ (stay)there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
答案：stayed　考查动词事态的辨析。have/has been to somewhere“曾经去过某地(回来了)”；且答语空格处与谓语动词went 应为并列关系，由此可知该空格应用一般过去式。句意：——好久没见到你了！你去哪儿了？——我去了宁夏并在那儿待了一年，做了一名志愿者。
5．(真题改编·北京)—What time is it
—I have no idea. But just a minute, I ________ (check)it for you.
答案：will check　 考查情景交际中动词的时态。根据But just a minute可知，check这一动作是说话人接着就要去做的事，故用一般将来时。句意：——几点了？——不知道，不过请等一下，我接着给你查一下。
6．(真题改编·北京)—Hi, let's go skating.
—Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ________ (fill)in an application form for a new job.
答案：am filling　考查动词时态。根据时间状语right now的提示可知，空格处应为正在发生的动作，故用进行时。句意：——嗨，我们去滑冰吧。——抱歉，我现在很忙。我正在填一份新工作的申请表。
7．(真题改编·四川)She ________ (phone)someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
答案：was phoning　本题考查动词时态。句意：她正在跟某人打电话，因此我朝她点了点头，走开了。由语境可知，此处打电话的动作正在进行，因此我才跟她点头离开，故要用过去进行时态，表示“过去某个时间动作正在进行”。
8．(真题改编·重庆)James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ________ (come)until yesterday.
答案：was coming　本题考查时态。句意：吉姆斯刚到达，但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。was coming 为过去进行时态，表示过去将来，符合句意。
9．(真题改编·安徽)The twins, who ________ (finish)their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
答案：had finished　考查时态。句意：双胞胎在做完作业之后，被允许在操场上打羽毛球。“被允许”发生在过去；而“完成作业”发生在“被允许”之前，故用过去完成时。
10．(真题改编·浙江)Sofia looked around at all the faces; she had the impression that she ________ (see)most of the guests before.
答案：had seen　本题考查动词时态。句意：索菲亚环视了所有的面庞，她觉得以前她见过绝大多数的客人。由语境可知，see动作发生在looked和had之前，即：发生在过去的过去，要用过去完成时态。
课堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She is a ________ (接待员) in a doctor's office.
2．Look! The cat is ________ (挠) at the door.
3．My sister is very ________ (有条理的) in what she does.
4．The editor ________ (删除) the last paragraph from the article.
5．In the dark the sense of hearing usually become ________ (敏锐的)．
答案：1．receptionist　2．scratching　3．systematic　4．deleted　5．acute
Ⅱ.单句改错
1． I like these poems and they are read many times by my Chinese teacher.
______________________________________________
2． Stop making the noise. A news report has been broadcast and I want to listen.
______________________________________________
3． The moment I got to the station，I found the train left.
______________________________________________
4． I know nothing about him. I didn't see him since we graduated from college.
______________________________________________
5． Sorry，no tea or coffee is serving in our restaurant.
______________________________________________
6． Will these flowers water in a few minutes
______________________________________________
7． The old machine has been repaired at the moment, so we can't use it now.
______________________________________________
8． No decision will make until our manager comes back.
______________________________________________
9． You have worked in front of the computer too long. You must take a break now.
______________________________________________
10． I arrived late. I didn't expect the traffic was so heavy.
______________________________________________
答案：1． are read→have been read 　2． has been　broadcast→is being broadcast　3． left→had left　4． didn't see→haven't seen　5． serving→served　6． water→be watered　7． has been→is being　8． make→be made　9． have worked→have been working　10． didn't expect→hadn't expected
Ⅲ.用适当的时态完成句子
1．自从上周以来一直下雨。
It ________ ________ ________ since last week.
2．我累坏了。我一直工作了一下午了。
I am tired out. I ________ ________ ________ the whole afternoon.
3．他已写了一部小说。
He ________ ________ a novel.
4．你最近见过他吗？
________ ________ ________ him recently
5．他们结婚将近15年了。
They ________ ________ ________ for almost 15 years.
答案：1．has been raining　2．have been working　3．has written　4．Have you met　5．have been married
课后强化作业
（点此链接）本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 5　 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． The kitchen's alw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays so________ (混乱的)after we've had guests. Give me a hand to do it over，will you 21·cn·jy·com
2． Be quiet! It is no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t polite to________(打断)people when they are talking.
3． We must make a car ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eful________ (分析)on the problem and then make a decision.
4． If payment ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is not received within five days, legal action will be our only________(可能的选择)．2·1·c·n·j·y
5． She used to suff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er from________ (饥饿) but now she is________ (急于)herself to try to lose weight.
6．________ (如果)th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at we are capable of making our own happiness，how can a manager help things along
7． Please come out with your________ (试探性的)ideas at the meeting.
8． He hits the ball with great________(精确)．
9．A bad tooth can cause a______ pain.
10．The soldiers s______ up their knives.
答案：1．messy　2．inte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rrupt　3．analysis　4．alternative　5．starvation；starving　6．Assuming　7．tentative　8．accuracy　9．acute　10．sharpened【版权所有：21教育】
Ⅱ.根据课文内容用所给短语的适当形式填空
　　 When 1．________ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Zhoukoudian caves, the students became aware of the fact that the Zhoukoudian primitive people were one of the earliest people in the world. The evidence of the six metre ash suggested that they could 2．________ to 3．________ as well as to bake meat and 4．________ wild animals, and it was also the evidence that they lived in the caves, 5．________ the cold. When shown the needle 6．________ three centimetres long, they realized that the primitive people could sew clothes from animal skins, and this also proved that they could make stone tools to 7．________ animals and remove the fat and meat from the skin. Interestingly, the necklace suggested that the ancient people also 8．________ their appearance.
答案：1．show aro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und　2．make fires　3．keep warm　4．scare away　5．regardless of　6．at most　7．cut up　8．cared about21*cnjy*com
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Sales of ele ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctric bicycles, or e bikes, a hot item in consumer green tech, are expected to grow by more than 50% in North America during 2013． Actor William Shatner, who is no stranger to futuristic tech, recently purchased two e bikes for him and his wife.
I've been shopping ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for an e bike now for a few weeks, and I've had my eye on the folding electric bike. I've had folding bikes in the past and love the convenience of being able to throw my bike into my car.
The e bike market i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s ready to go mainstream in the U. S．. The price for e bikes has come down greatly in recent months. At one time, most e bikes with good components and proper weight were in the $ 3,000 range. Now you can find reasonable quality e bikes in the $ 1,000 range. With gas prices at all time highs，e bikes are an attractive, low cost option to gas efficient vehicles.
E bike owners are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) finding that they are great for commuting(上下班往返) to work，as traditional bikes can be a problem with office dress and sweat.
People who use e bik ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es range from commuters to casual cyclists who like a little help with hills and wind, to those who decide to save money on buying a motor bike. These are not for the serious road cyclist or professional mountain biker.
If you're consider ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing buying an e bike, it pays to do some research first. Cheaper e bikes are going to be heavier and have less battery power. Higher priced bikes will be made from lighter materials and have better batteries.
Another considerati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on is local motor vehicle laws. For example，according to U．S. federal law，as long as your electric bike is under 750 watts and does not go over 20 MPH then it is a bicycle and not a motor vehicle. Most consumer e bikes in the $ 1,000 range don't fit the motorized vehicle description.
文章大意：电动车作为一种环保、方便的交通工具越来越受到人们的欢迎。
1． The writer i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntroduces William Shatner as an example in order to ________.
A．show that he is wild about the future technology
B．tell us that he is an agent for the e bike market【出处：21教育名师】
C．tell us that actors care only convenience not the price
D．show that e bikes are really becoming popular now
答案：D　观点态度题。第一段的开头部分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提到了电动车已成为绿色环保的一个热门话题，此处提到Willian Shatner主要是为了进一步说明电动车的普及。
2．According to the text, e bikes are practical for ________.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A．serious road cyclists B．couples spending a holiday
C．people commuting to work D．professional mountain bikers
答案：C　细节理解题。从People wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o use e bikes range from commuters to causal cyclists，who like a little help with hills and wind, to those who decided to save money on buying a motor bike.These are not for the serious road cyclist or professional mountain biker.可知选C项。
3．Which of the following about e bikes is true
A．The cheaper e bikes are usually made of lighter materials.21教育网
B．Most e bikes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the $1,000 range are a bicycle, not a motor vehicle.
C．Local motor vehicle law doesn't have any limits to e bikes.
D．E bikes in the $1,000 range are too cheap to have better batteries.
答案：B　细节理解题。从Higher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )priced bikes will be made from lighter materials and have better batteries. 可知A项错误；从according to U．S.federal law, as long as your electric bike is under 750 watts and does not go over 20 MPH then it is a bicycle and not a motor vehicle.可知C项错误；从Now you can find reasonable quality e bikes in the $1000 range.可知D项错误；从Most consumer e bikes in the $1, 000 range don't fit the motorized vehicle description.可知B项正确。
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．E bike sales to shift into mainstream in 2013
B．E bikes, the future way of transportation
C．E bikes vs gas vehicles
D．E bikes，actors' first choice
答案：A　主旨大意题。本文属报道类文章，在第一段即点明了本文的中心，电动车将成2013年的主流，故选A项。
B
English is a langua ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge particularly rich in idioms (习语), which usually don't obey logical and grammatical rules. Without idioms English would lose much of its variety and humor both in speech and writing.　　21*cnjy*com
In the old days the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )written language (novels, poems, plays and the Bible) was the source on which idioms were based. This was the case up until WWII. After the war new mediums had appeared in English speaking society, there was a channel for the American way of life and the popular culture of the U. S. TV, movies and nowadays the interactive medium have changed the English language more to the American English direction.21·世纪*教育网
How then does American ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English differ from British English in the use of idioms There are no radical differences in actual use. The main differences are in the situations where idiomatic expressions are used. There have been many studies recently on this subject. American English adopts and creates new idioms at a much faster rate compared to British English. Also the idioms of AmE origin seem to spread faster and further. After it has first been established(建立)in the U. S. ，an American idiom may soon be found in other variants(变体)and dialects of English. Nowadays new British idioms seem to stay on the British Isles and are rarely encountered in the U. S．. British idioms are in fact more familiar to other Europeans or to the people of the British Commonwealth than to Americans, even though the language is same. The future of idiomatic expressions in the English language seems certain. They are more and more based on American English. This development will continue through new mediums like the Internet and interactive mediums. It is hard to say what this will do to idioms and what kind of new idioms are created. This will be an interesting development to follow, and by no means does it lessen the humor, variety and color of English language.
文章大意：文章主要说明了英语习语的源 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )头和它进一步的发展过程，还进一步说明了美国英语和英式英语习语的不同，并且对习语未来的发展做出了进一步的预测。
5．Which one is the best title of the passage
A．American English and British English
B．American English Developed from British English
C．American Idioms will replace British Idioms
D．The Development of English Idioms
答案：D　主旨大意题。全篇文章主要说明了英语习语的源头和它进一步的发展及其未来的发展，因此D项正确。2-1-c-n-j-y
6．According to the passage, we can infer that________.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A．idioms usually ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en't created based on logical and grammatical rules
B．idioms mainly come form the written language nowadays
C．American English creates more new idioms than American
D．British idioms are more important than American idioms
答案：A　推理判断题。关键句为第一段第一句话，习语是不遵循逻辑和语法规则的，由此可推断出A项正确。
7．Where did idioms come from in ancient times
A．The written language.　　 B．New mediums.
C．The spoken language. D．Speaker's creation.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话，得知书面语是习语的起源依据，因此A项正确。
8．When a new idiom is created in America, it will soon ________.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A．be used all over the world B．be laughed at by British people
C．be found used in England also D．be used only in the United States
答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容尤其是此段中第七句话的内容，得知美国习语的传播速度非常的快和广，很快就能传到英国，因此C项正确。21教育名师原创作品
Ⅳ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Smiling
People smile at time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s. __1__ Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it can also indicate embarrassment. The following examples show this point of view：
__2__ Every one s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )miles at each other, this nonverbal communication shows being friendly in the United States. However, in China, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. __3__ Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer(嘲笑). For example: When a child falls off from a bike, the adults in China may smile, which is a kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.
When a person from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the United States might blush(脸红)with embarrassment or become offensive, a Chinese might blush with smile. To avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to understand the meaning of smiling appropriately. __4__ Also, different cultures have different meanings about laugh. For example, Americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly (腹部) laugh that comes from the deepest emotions. __5__
A．Related to the smile is the laugh.
B．Chinese people li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment.
C．Nonverbal co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mmunication is important because it is culture related. It is based on different beliefs, religions, values and customs in different cultures.21cnjy.com
D．However, mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st Chinese seldom laugh that way because they are thought to be silly except among close friends.
E．In an attempt to be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) open and friendly, people in the United States smile a lot.
F．Feelings of friendsh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ip exist everywhere but their expression varies.
G．However, the meaning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of a smile in different cultures may be different.
1．__________　2．__________　3．__________　
4．__________　5．__________
答案：
1．G　根据下一句Depending on different cultures说明不同的国家，微笑的意思可能会不一样。21世纪教育网版权所有
2．E　根据下一句Every one smiles at each other……说明美国人对别人笑得比较多，是为了表示出友好。www.21-cn-jy.com
3．B　根据上一句but also a way to avoid being embarrassed说明中国有时候笑是为了掩盖尴尬。
4．A　根据下一句diffe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rent cultures have different meanings about laugh说明laugh是与微笑有联系的。
5．D　上一句说美国人会捧腹大笑，这句表示这个人与他们不一样，因为这个人认为那样做比较愚蠢。
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 5　 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There was a ________ (有系统的) approach to solving the problem.
2．The meeting i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of such great ________ (意义) that I have to attend it.
3．We must stop him seeing her ________ (以某种方式)．
4．It's very rude to s__________ at someone.
5．He wanted to d____________ my name from the list.21教育网
6．The photos belong in an a________
7．She sends her little daughter to the k________ every day.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
8．I want a __________(滑板)．
9．When I was a child, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I didn't like ________ (洋葱), but I don't mind it now.
10．The hotel r________ wants to know when we will be checking out tomorrow morning.
答案：1．systema ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tic　2．significance　3．somehow　4．spit　5．delete　6．album　7．kindergarten　8．skateboard　9．onion　10．receptionist
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示，完成句子
1．这个项目的失败在很大程度上是由于他的粗心。
The failure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the project was largely ________ ________ his carelessness.
2．不知怎么地，我感觉事故的目击者在说谎。
________， I felt the witness to the accident was telling a lie.
3．贝拉受够了无趣的工作，决定再找一份新的。
Bella was ________ ________ ________ the boring job and decided to find a new one.
4．格雷丝代表公司在会议上介绍了新产品。
________ ________ ________ her company, Grace introduced a new product at the meeting.
5．互联网的使用在社会发展中具有重大意义。
The use of the Inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )net is ________ ________ ________ in the development of society.
答案：1．due to　2．Someh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow　3．fed up with　4．On behalf of　5．of great significance
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a young girl, I kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w how easy it is to lose your self esteem(自尊). I used to, and I admit that I sometimes still__1__my opinion of myself on other people's opinions on me. But in order to__2__anywhere in life, we must learn to have self appreciation.
When I was in m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iddle school, I was a pretty__3__student, so when try outs(选拔赛)came around for a tutoring programs, I__4__tried out, thinking I was suitable enough for a__5__. We went through a round of__6__， in which I had thought I did pretty well. But when the final__7__came out and my name wasn't on it, I was discouraged. Why didn't__8__it Was there anything wrong with me I thought over these questions for weeks__9__my mother sat down and told me plain and simple: There is__10__you can do now. Your sadness will not change anything.__11__， my mother told me to look back at the interviews and find out what my faults were, and then__12__from them. I began to see what my__13__had been, and worked on them and__14__skills that I would have never learned otherwise. Whenever I come across__15__， I will focus on what's good about myself.
Learn from your m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )istakes, and then move on! Remembering your positives__16__you to turn your attention to the__17__， instead of wallowing(场面)in the past.
No one goes th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rough life__18__experiencing one form of failure or another in their life. But what sets people__19__is how they deal with that failure. Some give up. But others grow, and from that failure, they become stronger and more__20__for any challenges to come.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )叙述作者在一次面试失败后母亲对自己的开导，悟出一个人生道理：必须正视失败，从中发现问题，吸取经验教训，为将来的挑战做好充分准备。　　21*cnjy*com
1．A．depend　　　 B．base
C．build D．choose
答案：B　此处是指“根据别人对我的评价来评价我自己”。base...on“建立在……的基础上”，是固定搭配。
2．A．get B．live
C．travel D．make
答案：A　根据句意“要想在生活中取得成就，我们必须学会自我欣赏”可知，答案选A。get anywhere表示“有所进展，有所成就”。
3．A．clever B．naughty
C．good D．hard working
答案：C　由下文内容可推知，此处表示“我在学校时是一位表现相当不错的学生”，故答案选C，其他选项与语境不符。
4．A．hardly B．immediately
C．fluently D．finally
答案：B　考查语境理解。既然“我是一位相当 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不错的学生，非常适合辅导工作”，那么应当是“立即报名参加选拔赛”，因此答案选B。immediately“立即”；hardly“几乎不”；fluently“流利地”；finally“最终”；均与语境不符。
5．A．program B．problem
C．position D．character
答案：C　program“节目，计划”；pr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oblem“问题”；position“位置，职务”；character“性格”。此处表示“我想我可以胜任一项工作”。21教育名师原创作品
6．A．examinations B．tests
C．questions D．interviews
答案：D　由上文内容以及下文“to look back at the interviews”可知，答案选D。
7．A．paper B．list
C．result D．mark
答案：B　此题易误选C，但只要注意到后面的“my name wasn't on it”，便知道答案为B，因为名字只能出现在名单上。
8．A．accept B．receive
C．make D．take
答案：C　make it表示“成功到达；获得成功”，是固定搭配。
9．A．before B．until
C．since D．unless
答案：B　此处是指“好几周我都在考虑这些问题，直到母亲……”。
10．A．anything B．something
C．everything D．nothing
答案：D　由上文可知，作者面试失败，因此此处表示作者不能再做任何事情来改变挫败的事实。
11．A．Instead B．Firstly
C．Therefore D．Finally
答案：A　此处意为“反而母亲告 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )诉我可以回顾一下面试情况，从中发现问题所在”，依据前后句的关系，空格处应表示“相反”之意，因此答案选A。而不是firstly“首先”；therefore“因此”；finally“最终”。
12．A．learn B．grow
C．understand D．realize
答案：A　learn from表示“从……获得(教训)”。
13．A．power B．strengths
C．weaknesses D．advantages
答案：C　由上文“find out what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my faults were, and then__12__from them”可推知，此处表示“我开始反思我的弱点”，故答案选C。power“力量”；strength“优势”；advantage“优点”，均不符合句意。
14．A．found B．developed
C．discovered D．practised
答案：B　develop表示“(使)成长；发展；壮大”；find“发现”；discover“发现”；practise“实践”。
15．A．failure B．success
C．difficulty D．trouble
答案：A　根据上下文内容，此处表示“每当遭遇失败时”。
16．A．asks B．allows
C．helps D．changes
答案：C　help表示“改善状况；促进；促使”。
17．A．fate B．future
C．life D．past
答案：B　由“instead of wallowing(沉湎)in the past”可知，答案选B。用future与past相对应。
18．A．by B．with
C．without D．on
答案：C　句意：人的一生都会经历这种或那种形式的失败。without与no one构成双重否定，表示肯定。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
19．A．about B．apart
C．out D．off
答案：B　set abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t“着手”；set apart“把……区别开来”；set out“动身”；set off“出发”。句意：把人们区分开来的是他们如何对待失败。
20．A．waited B．hunted
C．prepared D．hoped
答案：C　此处意为“他们变得更加坚强，为将来的任何挑战做好更加充分的准备”，依据句意，答案选C。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A new course ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on world heritage and its conservation offers a good opportunity for the young people to learn about the legacy (遗产) of humanity and gain a sense of responsibility to help protect the planet we live on.21cnjy.com
According to a wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld heritage education programme jointly launched by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and China's Ministry of Education，the course will first be offered at several schools in Beijing before being included as a mandatory course (必修课) for high school students nationwide.2·1·c·n·j·y
The new course cover ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s photos, slide shows and documentaries on the magnificence of the world heritage sites. The class aims to tell children what world heritage is and why and how it should be protected. A total of 177 nations，including China, have signed the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Listed are 754 sites all over the world，of which 29 are in China—the third most after Spain and Italy. Currently, protection of the country's cultural and natural resources leaves much to be desired. Education is undoubtedly the best way to cultivate people's sense for protecting cultural and natural resources.
The introduction ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of such a programme in Chinese classrooms will certainly help our young people realize the significance of common heritage, learning about world heritage sites, the history and traditions of different cultures, ecology, and the importance of protecting biological and cultural diversity.
More importantly, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it will help cultivate a sense of responsibility in the minds of young participants. This is critical in protecting these cultural and natural legacies, as well as our living environment and the limited resources for sustainable development.
文章大意：将遗产保护纳入课堂学习，旨在帮助孩子们学习和了解有关遗产的信息及让孩子知道如何保护遗产。
1．Which of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) statements is TRUE according to the passage？A．The world heritage education programme was jointly launched by the United States and China's Ministry of Education.
B．The course will first be offered at all the schools in Beijing.
C．Protection of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the country's cultural and natural resources has been perfect thanks to people's efforts.
D．China ranks high ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) among the countries with 29 sites listed on the list.
答案：D　细节理解题。从Accord ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing to a world heritage education programme jointly launched by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and China's Ministry of Education可知A项错误；从the course will first be offered at several schools in Beijing可知B项错误；从Currently, protection of the country's cultural and natural resources leaves much to be desired.可知C项错误；从Listed are 754 sites all over the world, of which 29 are in China—the third most after Spain and Italy.可知D项正确。
2．What can you expect to learn at the class
A．What world heritage is.
B．Why we should protect heritage.
C．How world heritage should be protected.
D．All of the above.
答案：D　细节理解题。从The c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lass aims to tell children what world heritage is and why and how it should be protected.可知课堂设置的目的是告诉孩子们世界遗产是什么，为什么要保护遗产以及如何保护遗产，故选D项。21·cn·jy·com
3．The underlined w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord “cultivate” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．
A．distribute B．exploit
C．develop D．improvise
答案：C　词义猜测题。根据下文这种 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )课程能帮助孩子意识到保护遗产的重要性，故此处指的是教育无疑是最好的提升孩子遗产保护意识的最好的方式，故选C项。
4．What's the purpose of the passage
A．To inform us of the reason for protecting the heritage.
B．To tell us the way to protect the heritage.
C．To tell us a new course.
D．To tell us heritage preservation starts with education.
答案：D　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了在教学中加入遗产保护的课程，故写作的目的是告诉我们遗产保护从教育开始，故选D项。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
Every langua ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge has its own special words and expressions. And a story can be told about each of them.【版权所有：21教育】
Hot is a simp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le, easily understood word. So are most of the expressions__1__(make) with the word hot. But not always，__2__we shall see.
The words hot po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tato, for example, give you no idea at all to the meaning of the expression, hot potato.
The potato is a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )opular vegetable in the United States. Many people like baked potatoes, cooked in an oven or fire. Imagine__3__(try) to carry a hot, baked potato in your hand. It would be difficult, even painful, to do so.
Now we are getting close__4__the meaning of hot potato.
Some publicly disp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uted issues are__5__(high) emotional. The issues must be treated carefully, or they will be difficult and painful if an elected official has to deal with__6__. As difficult and painful as holding a hot potato.
One such hot potato is taxes.
__7__(call) for h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )igher taxes can mean defeat for a politician. And yet，__8__taxes are not raised, some very popular government programs could be cut.__9__that also can make a politician very unpopular. So the questions must be dealt with carefully...__10__same way you would handle any other hot potato.21·世纪*教育网
1．______　2．______　3．______　4．______　5．______
6．______　7．______　8．______　9．______　10．______
答案：
1．made　过去分词短语做定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。
2．as　as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如……”。
3．trying　imagine后接动名词做宾语。
4．to　get close to“接近”，固定搭配。
5．highly　修饰形容词emotional用副词。
6．them　指代前面的名词issues，故用them。
7．calling　动名词短语做主语。
8．if　if引导条件状语从句。
9．and　此处语意承接，用并列连词and。
10．the　same前应该用定冠词the。
【辽宁卷题型】
Rose：Marika，can you tell me what the best city is in your country
Marika：I think Mont ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )real is the best city in my country. I haven't been to Vancouver__1__I think Montreal is the best city in my country.www.21-cn-jy.com
Rose：__2__is it so special
Marika: I think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it is special because it has a lot of history, and a lot of old__3__(build) and it feels like Europe but there is still a lot of modern things__4__(go) on, and the French Canadian culture is there, and it's also very multi cultural.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Rose: OK. Well, how__5__is it
Marika：I thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk it is__6__3 or 4 million people. It's a pretty big city.
Rose：OK. And what__7__cities are good in your country 21*cnjy*com
Marika：I think Toron ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to is a__8__city just because it is my hometown. There's not many big cities in Canada, but I also like Halifax，__9__is on the East Coast of Canada. There's__10__(real) strong Celtic culture on the East Coast. Lots of the descendants(后代) are from Ireland or Scotland, so it's interesting.2-1-c-n-j-y
1．______　2．______　3．______　4．______　5．______
6．______　7．______　8．______　9．______　10．______
答案：
1．but　考查连词。前面说“我还没有去过温哥华”，后面说“我认为蒙特利尔是我国最好的城市”，显然，二者是转折关系。
2．Why　考查疑问副词。根据后文描述喜欢蒙特利尔的原因可知，这里是问“为什么喜欢这个城市”。
3．buildings　考查名词。building为可数名词。
4．going　考查非谓语动词。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：但是这里还存在着许多现代的东西。things和go属于主动关系。go on意为“继续存在，继续发生”。21世纪教育网版权所有
5．big　考查形容词。从后文说明这个城市的人口，可知这里问的是这个城市有多大。
6．about　考查介词。后面说的是3 or 4 million，是约数，故要用about。
7．other　考查限定词。从下文可知这里问的是这个国家的其他城市。
8．good　考查形容词。填写此空的关键是结合Rose的问句“...are good in your country”。
9．which　考查关系代词。从句中缺少主语。
10．really　考查副词。修饰形容词strong，因此要用副词。
Ⅵ.短文改错
阅读短文，文中共有10处语言错误 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1． 每处错误仅限1词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
There's a ol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d man in our village calling Old Joe, who is said to be 110 years old. I don't know whether it is true because of he doesn't have a birth certificate. All his personal papers are destroyed during World WarⅡ. Sometimes I doubt if he is really that old, and it doesn't matter. He certainly looks very old, and of course, he is often asked question by people who want to know the secret of long life. Old Joe always answers them like this, “If you offered a cigarette, never accept it; if you are annoyed by someone, never lose his temper; and if you are asked foolishly questions, never answer it！” 【出处：21教育名师】
答案：
There's old m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an in our village Old Joe, who is said to be 110 years old. I don't know whether it is true because of he doesn't have a birth certificate. All his personal papers destroyed during World WarⅡ. Sometimes I doubt if he is really that old, it doesn't matter. He certainly looks very old, and of course, he is often asked by people who want to know the secret of long life. Old Joe always answers them like this, “If you offered a cigarette, never accept it; if you are annoyed by someone, never lose temper; and if you are asked questions, never answer ！”
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共95张PPT)
成才之路 · 英语
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索
人教版 · 选修8(十二省区)
Meeting your ancestors
Unit 5
Section Ⅰ　Warming up; Pre reading, Reading & Comprehending
Unit 5
课堂要点探究
2
课堂达标验收
3
课前新知预习
1
课后强化作业
4
课前新知预习
Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．音意记忆。
(1)___________(n.)可能的选择
(adj.)供选择的；其他的
(2)________(adj.)有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的
(3)________ (n.)被子；棉被
(4)________ (adj.)足够的；充足的；富裕的
(5)________ (adj.)原始的；远古的；简陋的
alternative　
acute
quit
ample
primitive
2．形意记忆。
(1)starvation (n.)挨饿；饿死→________ (v.) (使)挨饿
(2)accuracy (n.) 精确；准确→________ (adj.) 精确的
(3)________ (vt. & vi.) 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→interruption (n.) 打断
(4)________ (vt.) 假定；设想→assumption (n.) 假设
(5)________ (vi. & vt.)(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰
→sharpener(n.)磨具；削具→________ (adj.)锋利的
(6)messy (adj.)凌乱的；脏的→________ (n.) 混乱；纷乱
starve
accurate
interrupt
assume
sharpen
sharp
mess
Ⅱ.短语自查
1．带领某人参观 _____________________
2．把……和……比较 _____________________
3．生火 _____________________
4．至多；最多 _____________________
5．由……制成 _____________________
6．scare away _____________________
7．keep out _____________________
8．cut up _____________________
show sb. around
compare with
make fires
at most
be made of/from
吓跑
关在门外；不准进入
切碎
Ⅲ.根据课文内容填空
Choose the best answers according to the text A viSIT TO THE ZHOUKOUDIAN CAVES.
1．The main idea of the text is about the ________ of the earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves.
A．life and habits
B．food and clothing
C．homes and fishing
D．farming and hunting
2．Through the conversation, everything about the earliest people is mentioned EXCEPT ________.
A．homes　　　　　 B．tools
C．dress D．entertainment
3．The earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves kept them selves warm by ________.
A．working B．fighting
C．making fires D．hunting
4．Evidence has shown that the earliest people in the cave used ________ to make clothes according to the conversation.
A．leaves B．tree skins
C．animal skins D．cotton
5．From the conversation we can infer that the earliest people in the caves were very ________.
A．busy and rich
B．idle and lazy
C．clever and hard working
D．stupid and cruel
答案：1～5　ADCCC
课堂要点探究
1．identify (v.)～sb./sth.(as sb./sth.)确认；认出；鉴定
①I cannot identify this signature.
我识别不出这是谁的签字。
②She identified the man as her attacker.
她认出那个男人就是袭击过她的人。
活学活用
补全句子
你能在这些伞中认出你自己的那一把吗？
Can you ________ ________ ________among this lot
答案：identify your umbrella
2．alternative n. 可能的选择　adj. 供选择的；其他的
①Can you think of the alternatives we would use today
你能想到我们今天可以利用的选择吗？
②You have the alternative of riding or walking.
你可以在坐车和步行中选择一种。
③The alternative plans of having a picnic or taking a boat trip put them in a dilemma.
去野餐或者去乘船旅游二者只能择一的计划使他们左右为难。
知识拓展
an alternative to... ……的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做……
alternative energy 可替代能源
She had no alternative but to ask for a few days' leave.
实在不得已，她只好请几天假。
活学活用
(1)完成句子
①除了继续下去，我们没有选择的余地。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
②除了战斗，没有其他的办法。
There is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
(2)用恰当词语填空
As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ________ (可替代的)energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.
答案：(1)①have no alternative but to go on　②no alternative but to fight
(2)alternative　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为煤和石油的储量越来越少，科学家正在探索利用诸如太阳光、风和水等其他的替代能源新形式以获取能量和燃料。alternative表示“可供替代的”。
3．starvation n. 挨饿；饿死
Millions will face starvation next year as a result of the drought.
由于发生旱灾，明年将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。
知识拓展
starve vt. & vi.(使)饿死；渴望
starve to death 饿死
starve for sth. 渴求/需要什么
starve to do sth.想要干某事
starve sb. into sth./into doing sth. 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事
活学活用
(1)完成句子
①They tried________ ________ ________(用饥饿来迫使他)submission.
②The plants are________ ________ ________(需要水)．
答案：①to starve him into　②starving for water
(2)用恰当形式填空
Unless these people get food in the next two weeks they will starve ________(die)．
答案：to death　句意：这些人会饿死，除非他们在接下来的两周里得到食物。starve to death“饿死”，为固定搭配。
4．interrupt vt. & vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；打扰；暂时中断或中止
①He interrupted his work to have lunch.
他停止工作去吃午餐。
②We interrupt this programme to bring you a news flash.
我们暂时中断这个节目，插播新闻快讯。
③The traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm.
市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
图解助记
比较网站
interrupt，disturb
interrupt 突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续。
disturb 较正式的用词，多用被动语态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的打扰。
知识拓展
interrupt sb./sth. with... 用……打扰/打断某人或某事
interruption n. 阻断物；中断时间；插嘴；打岔
活学活用
(1)用interrupt, disturb填空
①The noise of the machine ________ my sleep last night.
②I'm sorry to ________ you, but could you tell me the way to the hospital
答案：①disturbed　②interrupt
(2)完成句子
Let's go somewhere where we can talk _________________ _______________.
我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。
答案：without interruption
知识拓展
(1)assume sth. 假设……；假装……
assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为
It is assumed that...据认为……
(2)assumption n. 假定；设想
assuming (that)...假定……；设想……
①His look of astonishment was assumed.
他那惊讶的样子是装出来的。
②We assumed him to be the best writer of our time.
我们认为他是我们这个时代最好的作家。
比较网站
assume, suppose
①He assumed that prices would rise and therefore, he stored much food.
他认为价格要上涨，因而就储存了很多的食物。
②I suppose it will rain.
我认为将要下雨。
assume 接受某事是真实的，因而采取相应的举止或行动。
suppose 认为某事是可能的或可想象的。
活学活用
完成句子
(1)在证实他有罪之前我们必须要假定他是清白的。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ innocent until he is proved guilty.
(2) 假如今天下午下雨我们该怎么办呢？
________ ________ ________ this afternoon, what shall we do
答案：(1)must assume him to be　(2)Assuming it rains
(3)人们普遍认为，压力是由工作过多且得不到放松所致。
________ ________ ________ ________that stress is caused by too much work and little relaxation.
答案：It is generally assumed
6．preserve v. 保护；维持；保存
①We must preserve our natural resources.
我们必须保护自然资源。
②He preserved the girl from the danger.
他保护这个女孩免遭危险。
③Fish are preserved in ice and salt until they are sold.
鱼在卖出之前保存于冰和盐中。
注意：preserve sth. from 使……免遭……
知识拓展
preservable adj. 可保存的
preservation n. 保存
preserver n. 保护者；保存者
Well preservable primary paleo oil reservoir may exist in the desert.
沙漠可能存在保存较好的原生古油藏。
One of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial.
保存的必要条件之一是迅速掩埋。
We should award a prize to the preservers of the culture relics.
我们应该奖励那些文物保护者。
比较网站
preserve，conserve，reserve与protect
preserve v. 保护；维持；保存
This program emphasized the necessity for preserving natural resources.
这个节目强调了保护自然资源的必要性。
conserve v. “保存，保护”，强调珍惜。
The objective of resource management is to conserve our resources.
资源管理的目的就在于保护好我们的资源。
reserve v. 指“意见、看法的保留或座位的预定”。
The first three rows of the hall are reserved for special guests.
大厅的前3排留给特别来宾。
protect v. “保护”，强调使其免受破坏或损害。
He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.
他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
(1)In spite of failing to save every endangered species, we may preserve the majority ________ extinction.
答案：from　句意：尽管不能保护每一个濒临灭绝的物种，我们能保护大部分物种免遭灭绝。preserve sth. from“使……免遭……”。
(2)It is the duty of the police ________ (preserve)social order.
答案：to preserve
7．analysis n．分析，它的复数形式是analyses。
①His analysis was always convincing.
他的分析总是令人信服的。
②I want a detailed report of all the analyses.
我想要一份所有分析的详细报告。
知识拓展
analyse/analyze v. 分析；分解
analysable adj. 可分析的；可分解的
①We should analyse what they said and not just agree with everything.
我们应该对他们的意见加以分析，不要随声附和。
②Many compounds are analysable.
许多化合物是可分解的。
活学活用
完成句子
(1)他对形势作了周密的分析。
He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________of the situation.
(2)他们对这个题目进行了分析。
They ________ ________ ________ ________of this subject.
(3)这些分析为我们进一步研究做了理论铺垫。
________ ________make the basis for our further study.
(4)这项工作包括搜集和分析资料。
The job involves gathering and ________ data.
(5)他非常周密地分析了报告。
He ________ the report very closely.
答案：(1)made a close analysis　(2)carried out an analysis　(3)Those analyses　(4)analysing　(5)analysed
1．regardless of 不顾；不管怎样；无论如何
①The law requires equal treatment for everyone, regardless of race, religion, or sex.
这一法律要求平等对待每一个人，不管种族、宗教信仰或性别。
②Regardless of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his advice.
不论他是对还是错，我们不得不听从他的建议。
比较网站
regardless of，despite和in spite of
这三个短语都可以表示“不管，不顾”，但是用法不同。
(1)regardless of不管；不顾；不理会。一般用语。
(2)despite虽然；尽管；不顾。语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。
(3)in spite of虽然；尽管；不顾。 多用于书面语，语气较重。
①The training class welcomes all students regardless of age.
培训班欢迎各个年龄段的学生参加。
②Despite the fact that the doctor told him to rest，Jack went to Spain.
尽管医生嘱咐他休息，但杰克还是去了西班牙。
③In spite of all his efforts，he failed in his English exam.
尽管他付出了极大努力，他的英语考试还是不及格。
注意：regardless of，despite，in spite of后不能直接跟从句，但可以接the fact that...。
活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
(真题改编·福建)Our club is open to everyone ________ age, sex or educational background.
答案：due to　考查介词短语的辨析。regardless of“不管；不顾”。根据语境中的to everyone 可知。句意：我们俱乐部向每一个人开放，不管年龄、性别和教育背景。
(2)用in spite of或regardless of 填空
①________________the weather，the sports meeting will be held on time.
②________________________all the danger signs，they went swimming.
答案：①Regardless of　②In spite of
2．at most 至多；最多
①It's at most three centimetres long.
它最多有三厘米长。
②It will take two hours at most to get there.
最多两小时便可到达那里。
知识拓展
at most也可写成at the most，其反义词组为at (the) least。
活学活用
完成句子
(1)这次旅行最多只会花去你50英镑。
The trip will only ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
(2)尽可能多锻炼身体，每周锻炼四至六次，每次至少30分钟。
Get as much exercise as possible ________ ________ ________ ________ every time, four to six times a week.
答案：(1)cost you fifty pounds at most　(2)at least 30 minutes
3．cut up把……砍成碎片；使伤心；使难受
①He has to have his food cut up for him.
他需要有人替他把食物切碎。
②He was badly cut up by the news of his son's death.
得知儿子死讯，他极为悲痛。
知识拓展
cut down 减少；砍倒
cut away 切除；砍掉
cut in 插嘴；打断
cut off 中断(气、电、水等的)供应；切断；使隔绝
cut out切掉；删掉
活学活用
(1)用适当的介词或副词填空
①You won't be cutting ________ the office staff, then
②The gas has been cut ________ due to the earthquake.
③You can cut ________ the last sentence of the paragraph.
④Mr Davis cut ________ to ask if anyone would like a drink.
⑤The woman cut ________ the watermelon and shared it out among the four children.
答案：①down　②off　③out　④in　⑤up
(2)(真题改编·陕西)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ________(削减)．
答案：cut down
1．So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
句中think后面是一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构to assume...，assume后面又接了一个宾语从句。it充当形式主语或形式宾语，本身无意义，只起一种先行引导的作用。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、 ing分词结构或名词性从句。
It is difficult to translate this article.
翻译这篇文章很难。
What time would it be convenient for me to call you again
我几点再给你打电话合适？
It is no use going there so early.
这么早去那里没有用。
It has been a great honour your coming to visit me.
你的来访是我很大的荣幸。
It is strange that we haven't heard from him.
真奇怪，我们一直没有收到他的信。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
The doctor thought________would be good for you to have a holiday.
答案：it　考查代词的用法。分析题干中宾语从句的结构可知，应该用it在从句中作形式主语，其真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
2．It must have been very uncomfortable.
那肯定是很不舒服的了。
本句中must have done结构表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意思是“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
知识拓展
“情态动词＋have done”的其他常见结构：
①may/might＋have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测，把握性不大，意思是“或许做过某事”，还可表示“本可以做某事(而未做)”。
He might not have heard of the news.
他也许没有听说过这个消息。
I might have taken another path.
我本可以走另一条路的。
②should/ought to have done表示“本该做某事(实际上却没有做)”。
You should have finished your homework.
你本该做完作业的。
③needn't＋have done表示“本不必做某事(实际上却做了)”。
You needn't have told me the news. I have already known it.
你本不必告诉我这个消息，我已经知道了。
④could＋have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测，但比may/might＋have done表示推测的把握性大，意为“可能做过某事”，又可表示“本能够做某事(实际上却没做)”，暗含一种惋惜之意。
Where could she have gone
她可能到哪里去了呢？
You could have done it well, but you were too careless.
你本来可以做好，但是你太马虎了。
活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
(真题改编·陕西)The children ________ (get)lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
答案：must have got　本题考查情态动词。句意：孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了，否则按时间他们会在湖边野营了。根据下文可知此处是做了很有把握的肯定的推测，故用must；由would have been 可知是过去的事情，要表示对于过去的事情的推测要用情态动词＋have done的形式，故填must have got。
(2)(真题改编·浙江)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________ (come)to our help.
答案：should/could/must/might have come　本题考查虚拟语气。句意：我们实行调查时他们出国了，要不然的话，他们就会来帮助我们了。由关键信息or可知，此处是隐含的虚拟条件句，or相当于 If they hadn't been abroad，叙述与过去事实相反，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might have done。
3．We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.
我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这意味着他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。
本句的主句是We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick，其中形容词短语almost six metres thick作后置定语，修饰ash。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，在从句中suggests后跟that引导的宾语从句。have been excavating是现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直延续到现在，或将继续延续至将来。
We have been working on this project for over a month now.
到目前为止，我们一直从事这个项目，已经一个多月了。
比较网站
现在完成进行时和现在完成时
①现在完成时表示已经完成，而现在完成进行时表示还没完成还要延续下去。试比较：
They have built a house.(完成)
They have been building a house.(尚未完成)
②现在完成进行时是由“have/has been＋doing”构成的，可表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。
Have you been meeting him recently
你最近常和他见面吗？
Have you met him recently
你最近见到过他吗？
③现在完成进行时有时含有感彩，而现在完成时一般是客观地讲述一个事实。
I have been waiting for you for two hours.
我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表示不满)
I have waited for you for two hours.
我等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实)
④现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，而现在完成时强调结果。
Who has been eating these oranges
谁一直在吃这些橘子呀？(可能还剩余一些)
Who has eaten these oranges
谁把这些橘子吃了？(强调吃得一个不剩)
⑤如果强调某一动作刚刚结束，并已产生某种影响时，常用现在完成进行时。
—Why are you looking a bit tired
为什么你看来有点儿累？
—I have been cleaning the house.
我一直在打扫房子。
活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
(真题改编·湖南)Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________(try)to make our environment more beautiful.
答案：have been trying　考查动词时态。根据since引导的时间状语从句可知所填词表示“从过去一直持续到现在的动作”，强调其持续性，应用现在完成进行时。
(2)(真题改编·福建)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________ (take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
答案：has been taking　本题考查时态用法。由over the last three years可知用现在完成进行时。
4．Our evidence suggests that they did wear clothes made from animal skins.
我们有证据表明，他们的确穿的是用兽皮做成的衣服。
(1)suggest在此作“暗示，表明”解，其后的从句要用陈述语气；suggest作“建议”讲时，其后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为“(should＋)动词原形”。
The handwriting of the letter suggested that the letter was from a lady.
从书信的字体看，写信人是一位女士。
I suggested that we go for a walk after supper.
我建议我们晚饭后散步。
知识拓展
suggest有两个意思：
①意为“提议，建议”，后接动词要用动名词形式；后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气(“should＋动词原形”，should常省略)。
It's noisy here. I suggest changing another hotel.
这里太吵了，我建议换个宾馆。
I suggest that the boy be sent to the hospital at once.
我建议立即把这个男孩儿送往医院。
②意为“表明，显示，暗示”，后接宾语从句(不用虚拟语气)。
His expression suggests that he has got the job.
他脸上的表情表明他已经得到了那份工作。
注意：后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气(should＋动词原形)的动词可记为：
一个坚持：insist
两个命令：command，order
四个建议：advise，suggest，recommend，propose
四个要求：ask，demand，request，require
(2)本句中did表强调，且只能对谓语动词进行强调。助动词do有时态和人称的变化，可以用“do/does/did”，意为“的确，确实”。
Please do be quiet.
务请肃静。
活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Bill suggested ________ (hold)a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
答案：holding　考查非谓语动词作宾语的用法。suggest“建议”，其后跟动名词作宾语。句意：比尔建议在假期开一个关于为上海世博会该做什么的会议。
(2)完成句子
我知道他会帮助我们的，他确实这样做了。
______________________________________________
答案：I knew he would help us, and he did.
5．Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
很对，植物学分析结果明确告诉我们，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。
句中as引导的是非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指代后面句子的内容。
比较网站
as与which在引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
(1)as的用法：
①在从句中通常作主语指代整个主句；
②表示“正如，正像”；
③其引导的定语从句既可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。
The Pacific is the largest ocean, as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道(正如我们所知道的，太平洋是最大的洋)。
As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。(正如我们所知道的一样，他是我们班上最好的学生。)
(2)which的用法：
①关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代人或物。
②当指代整个主句时表示的意思是主句和从句之间是因果关系即因为所以。
③其引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.
汤姆突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。
The road was too slippery, which caused lots of accidents.
路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。
He was angry, which made him cry.
他太生气了以至于他哭了起来。
He has to work on Sunday, which he doesn't like.
他周日还得上班，这是他不喜欢的。
活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
(真题改编·山东)There is no simple answer，________ is often the case in science.
答案：as　本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：没有简单的答案，这在科学方面是常有的事。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句。“as is often the case”可以看成是固定表达，意为“这是常有的事”。
(2)(真题改编·天津)We have launched another man made satellite, ________ is announced in today's newspaper.
答案：which　本题考查定语从句。句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是今天的报纸发布的。逗号前的句子是主句，作了逗号后句子的主语，故逗号后句子是非限制性定语从句。先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物，用which来引导。
课堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I have no a________ but to report him to the police.
2．Now there are still some people dying of ________ (饿死)．
3．Do you have a________ money for the journey
4．Sorry to i________ you. Can you tell me the time
5．Let's a__________ what he said is true.
6．The necklace was well ________ (保存)．
7．The ________ (植物学的) analyses have showed us that it used to be a lake.
8．The living conditions in the camp were pretty ________ (原始的)．
9．B________ is scientific study of plants and their structure.
10．C________ is a class or group of things in a complete system of grouping.
答案：1．alternative　2．starvation　3．ample　4．interrupt　5．assume　6．preserved　7．botanical　8．primitive　9．Botany　10．Category
4． In the countryside, people usually keep a dog to________ thieves.
5． As the manager, she was________ having her orders instantly obeyed.
6． I didn't know what happened. There were________ twenty people in the classroom.
7． When you come to our school tomorrow, I will________ you________ the campus.
8． A selfish person does not________ other people's problem.
9． As my best friend, he shared in my sorrows________ in my joys.
10． Please________ this building. Patients are sleeping.
答案：1． cut up　2． move around　3． come to a conclusion　4． scare away　5． used to　6． at most　7． show；around　8． care about　9． as well as　10． keep out of
Ⅲ.课文概述
Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks according to the text.
A visit to the Zhoukoudian Caves
A group of students from England have come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit. They have known a lot about the early people in this district. It is 1．________ that they lived here regardless of the cold. At that time they had used needles. One evidence suggests they wore clothes 2．________ animal skins.
答案：1． assumed　2． made from　3． sharpened　4． cut up　5． remove　6． ample　7． primitive　8． cared about　9． analyses　10． gatherers
课后强化作业
（点此链接）本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 5　 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ________ (放射性的) waste should be buried deeply under the ground.
2．She is always accurate in ________ (标点符号) and spelling.21世纪教育网版权所有
3．We all ________ (赞成) you for your decision.
4．The new method caug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht on and many peasants became very ________ (熟练的) at it.
5．She's beginning to get ________ (皱纹) round her eyes.
6．The room was so hot that she felt d______.
7．He picked a m______ from the field.
8．The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners a______.
9．The compil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers agreed upon a d______ of the textbook into twelve units.
10．The excitement quickened my p______.
答案：1．radioactive　2．punctuation　3．applaud　4．skilful
5．wrinkles　6．dizzy　7．melon　8．accelerate　9．division　10．pulse
Ⅱ.用所给词或短语的正确形式填空
1．Her cat ____________________ and rubbed itself against her legs.
2．How do you plan to _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________________ the development of these technologies
3．He has eaten ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so many eggs since his childhood that he __________________________ them now.2-1-c-n-j-y
4．They have found ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve paintings ____________________________ thousands of years.
5．A lively sense ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of _____________________ was a part of the American spirit from the beginning.
6．We must get the work finished ________ by tomorrow morning.
7．It's strang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e that she should have been ______________________ for stealing.
8．The pupils that had been watching started to ____________________.
答案：1．came up　2．acc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elerate　3．is fed up with　4．dating back　5．looking ahead　6．somehow　7．arrested　8．applaud
Ⅲ.完形填空
A little boy w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anted to meet God. He thought it was a long trip to where God lived, __1__ he packed his suitcase with lots of food and drinks and he started his __2__.
When he had gone abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t three blocks, he __3__ an elderly man. The boy sat down next to him and __4__ his suitcase. He was about to take a drink when he noticed that the man looked _____5__ , so he offered him a drink.
The man __6__ it and smiled at the boy. His smile was so pleasant that the boy wanted to see it again, so he __7__ him another one.
The man __8__ smiled at him. They sat there all afternoon eating and smiling, but they never said a word.
As it grew dark, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he boy __9__ it was time to leave, but before he had gone more than a few steps, he __10__ , ran back to the man, and gave him a bug. The man __11__ him his biggest smile ever.21*cnjy*com
When the boy __12 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__ home a short time later, his mother was surprised by the look of __13__ on his face. She asked him what made him so happy.
He replied, “I had lu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nch with God, and God's got the most beautiful __14__ I've ever seen ！”
Meanwhile, the el ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derly man returned to his home. His son was __15__ by the look of joy on his face and asked him the __16__ question as the little boy's mother. The elderly man replied, “I ate and drank in the park with God.” However, he __17__， before his son responded, “you know, he's much __18__ than I expected.”
Too often we undere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stimate the __19__ of a touch，a smile, a kind word, all of which have the potential to turn a life around. We should treat the people we meet __20__； they come into our lives for a reason. Embrace all equally!
文章大意：一个小男孩与一位老人偶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )然相遇。小男孩通过点滴无私的关爱，让老人感受到了无比的幸福；老人给予小男孩灿烂的微笑也让小男孩感受到了前所未有的幸福。
1． A．if B．so
C．but D．or
答案：B　因为小男孩认为这是一次漫长之旅，所以(so)他准备了食物和饮料。
2． A．work B．study
C．journey D．exploration
答案：C　根据本句的He though it was a long trip...可以判断，他开始了他的旅行(journey)。
3． A．came across B．picked up
C．learned from D．took away
答案：A　通读全文可知，小男孩与这位老人并不认识，故此处指他偶遇了(came across)一位老人。
4． A．hid B．opened
C．examined D．ignored
答案：B　出发前，小男孩把饮料和食物全都装进了手提箱，此时他要喝饮料，自然要打开(opened)手提箱。
5． A．worried B．anxious
C．thirsty D．tired
答案：C　根据下文的he offered him a drink可以判断，小男孩注意到老人渴了(thirsty)。
6． A．refused B．avoided
C．received D．accepted
答案：D　根据本段末的another one可以推断，老人接受了(accepted)饮料并朝男孩微笑。
7． A．lent B．bought
C．made D．offered
答案：D　由上文可知，小男孩手提箱里 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的食物和饮料都是现成的，不需要买或者做，故此处offered(给某人提供某物)符合语境，与上文的he offered him a drink呼应。
8． A．again B．still
C．only D．just
答案：A　小男孩第一次给老人饮料后，老人对他笑了，故此处是指小男孩第二次给老人饮料后，老人又(again)对他笑了。
9． A．imagined B．realized
C．announced D．pretended
答案：B　由于天黑了，小男孩意识到(realized)该回家了。
10． A．played around B．sat around
C．turned around D．got around
答案：C　小男孩已经向前走了几步，此时他要朝老人跑去，自然需要转过身(turned around)。21·cn·jy·com
11． A．gave B．promised
C．supplied D．begged
答案：A　老人给予了(gave)小男孩最灿烂的微笑。
12． A．left B．called
C．missed D．returned
答案：D　根据下文的Mea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nwhile，the elderly man returned to his home.可知，此处指小男孩回到了(returned)家。www.21-cn-jy.com
13． A．joy B．confidence
C．disappointment D．horror
答案：A　根据前文内容以及下句She ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed him what made him so happy.可以判断，小男孩此刻兴高采烈(joy)。
14． A．drink B．food
C．face D．smile
答案：D　通读上文可知，老人向小男孩展示了最灿烂的微笑(smile)。
15． A．sad B．nervous
C．amazed D．excited
答案：C　同小男孩的妈妈一样，这位老人的儿子对于父亲脸上的高兴神情感到奇怪(amazed)。
16． A．same B．strange
C．unique D．unusual
答案：A　由下文老人的回答不难推知，他的儿子是在问老人为什么那么高兴，这和小男孩的母亲问的是同样的(same)问题。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
17． A．replied B．added
C．reminded D．thought
答案：B　下文是老人对之前所说的话的补充，故added(增加，补充)符合语境。
18． A．braver B．shorter
C．younger D．cleverer
答案：C　老人把小男孩当作上帝，小男孩自然比老人想象的要年轻(younger)得多。
19． A．power B．quality
C．favour D．difficulty
答案：A　本段是对全文主题的总结。作者认为：我们经常会低估生活中一些小小善行的力量(power)。
20. A．differently B．proudly
C．calmly D．kindly
答案：D　友好地(kindly)对待我们遇到的每一个人，他们出现在我们生命里是有原因的。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The Tang Dynasty wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s probably the period when the Silk Road was at its busiest. One important centre on the road was the city of Chang'an, where present day Xi'an now stands. Chang'an was the capital city of this dynasty and by about 750 AD it had become a strong and successful capital of around two million people. Because of the chances for trade, a number of foreigners from countries bordering China lived in the city.【出处：21教育名师】
The markets at this t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime in Chang'an were perhaps the most exciting markets anywhere in the world. They sold goods from India, Japan, Korea, Turkey, Iran and other Arab countries and many items in the markets would have been completely new to some of the buyers. Interesting animals were sold together with exotic(奇异的) plants and strange medicines. Dried animals, dried foods and dried plants were laid out for sale next to rare seeds and spices (香料). But besides the hope to trade, which drew people together, China was still largely a mysterious country to the outside world and certainly the secret of the silk making was still unknown.【版权所有：21教育】
The route to the west ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )followed different paths but the traders would have travelled from places to places, always looking for routes both to water and protection. However, the Ming Dynasty had its policy of isolation (闭关)，together with the growth of Islam(伊斯兰), reduced the traffic along this ancient land route. Instead, sea routes became more popular and in the early 15th century there were many Chinese ships trading silk and other goods along the coasts of India, Arabia and Africa.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
1．What does the underlined word “mysterious” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Ample. B．Wonderful.
C．Lively. D．Secret.
答案：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子中的the secret of the silk making was still unknown可以看出，此处mysterious意为“神秘的”，含有“秘密的”之意。
2．According ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the passage, people at that time would buy all the following objects in the markets in Chang'an EXCEPT ________.
A．dried food B．animals
C．ships D．strange medicines
答案：C　细节理解题。由第二段第三、四句可知，A、B、D三项都可以在那时长安的市场上买到，相关内容没有提到C项。21教育名师原创作品
3．According to this passage, the Silk Road ________.
A．started just from Chang'an
B．ran not only by land but also by sea
C．only refers to the one through the desert
D．began in the Tang Dynasty for the first time
答案：B　细节理解题。由最后一段的最后两句可以看出，丝绸之路不但有陆路也有水路。
4．This passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the silk trade in the past
B．the rise and fall of the Silk Road
C．the hard life of the traders on the Silk Road
D．why sea routes became popular in the early 15th centurywww-2-1-cnjy-com
答案：B　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了唐朝陆上丝绸之路的繁荣及衰落，最后提及了海上丝绸之路的兴起，所以选B项。　　21*cnjy*com
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As a teen, you're g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oing through big changes physically and mentally. Your interests are expanding. __1__
Here is the ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )allenge: Kids need to explore the world in new ways, and parents need to protect them from the dangers that are out in that world. These conflicts (矛盾) can easily set off fireworks in otherwise calm houses. Sometimes conflicts can't be avoided. But by paying attention to the building blocks of successful relationships, you can work towards making home a happy and healthy place for you and your parents.
For instance ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), try to find a time to talk when your parents are not angry, tired, distracted, or hungry. A good time to talk is when you're all relaxed. Timing is everything. If the conversation begins to turn into an argument, you'd better calmly and coolly ask to stop the conversation—for now. __2__ Listen to what your parents are saying, and repeat it back to them. This shows them that you're listening. __3__
Respect is t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he building block of good communication. People who respect each other and care about each other's feelings can disagree without things getting ugly. __4__ How do you build trust Trust comes by actually doing what you say you're going to do. Some teens find that doing fun activities with their parents can improve their relationships. Sometimes we forget that parents are more than rule makers—they're interesting people who like to watch movies, and go shopping—just like their teenagers!
What do you do if you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are trying your best, but your relationship with your parents continues to be rocky __5__ You can find supportive adults, such as a teacher or a coach, who can lend an ear.
Remember you can on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly change your own behavior; your parents are the only ones who can change theirs. 21·世纪*教育网
A．It also gives them a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) chance to clear things up if you're not on the same page.
B．You can pick it up again when everyone's more relaxed.
C．And then you'll be able to accept what your parents say.
D．Faced with the challenge, children don't know what to do.
E．You are mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e likely to get along with your parents and have more independence if your parents believe in you.
F．And your desire to take control of your own life is growing.
G．You may consider seeking outside help.
1．__________　2．__________　3．__________
4．__________　5．__________
答案：
1．F　根据Your interests are expanding.可知兴趣多了，自己的控制欲在增长，故选F。
2．B　根据A good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time to talk is when you're all relaxed. Timing is everything. If the conversation begins to turn into an argument, you'd better calmly and coolly ask to stop the conversation—for now.暂停争论，冷静下来，就必须再找其他的时间交流，故选B。
3．A　根据Listen to what y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our parents are saying, and repeat it back to them. This shows them that you're listening.把父母说的话再重复一下，父母就会再考虑一下自己的做法，故选A。21教育网
4．E　根据How do you buil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d trust？如果你的父母相信你，你更有可能和父母相处更好，并变得更独立。上下文的语意一致性，故选E。21cnjy.com
5．G　根据You can find su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pportive adults, such as a teacher or a coach, who can lend an ear.你可能考虑寻求外界帮助。上下文的语意一致性，故选G。2·1·c·n·j·y
Ⅵ.短文改错
阅读短文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1． 每处错误仅限1词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The temple stands ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nearby the city. It dated from 1961 and is 50 meters in high. It is one of the most famous temple in the country and about 5,000 tourists come to visit every year. Five years ago, people decided to repair the temple, but this work was completed last year. The ground floor has been complete painted, and the roof, too. All the rooms has been protected from birds by fixed wires across the windows. Trees and flowers have been planted around the temple. We believe, in a few years, the temple will take on new look.
答案：
The temple stands ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the city. It from 1961 and is 50 meters in . It is one of the most famous in the country and about 5,000 tourists come to visit every year. Five years ago, people decided to repair the temple, this work was completed last year. The ground floor has been painted, and the roof, too. All the rooms been protected from birds by wires across the windows. Trees and flowers have been planted around the temple. We believe, in a few years, the temple will take on new look.
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共95张PPT)
成才之路 · 英语
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索
人教版 · 选修8(十二省区)
Meeting your ancestors
Unit 5
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Unit 5
课堂要点探究
2
课堂达标验收
3
课前新知预习
1
课后强化作业
4
课前新知预习
Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．___________(n.)意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
→___________(adj.)重大的；重要的
2．__________(adv.)以……方式；不知怎么地
3．________(vt.) 吐出(唾液、食物等)；(vi.)吐痰
4．__________(vt.)删；删除
5．__________(n.)(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠；(vt.)搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏
6．____________(n.)幼儿园
significance
significant
somehow
spit
delete
scratch
kindergarten
7．____________(adj.)放射性的；有辐射能的
8．__________(n.)分割；划分；分配；分界线
→________(vt.)分开； 分成；分配
9．__________(vi. & vt.)鼓掌欢迎
10．__________(vi. & vt.) 加速；促进
11．__________(vt.)逮捕；吸引；(n.) 逮捕；拘留
12．____________(adj.)有技巧的；熟练的
→__________(n.)技能；熟练
→__________________(adv.)
radioactive
division
divide
applaud
accelerate
arrest
skilful/skillful
skill
skilfully/skillfully
Ⅱ.短语自查
1．________ 由于；因为
2．____________ 代表
3．__________ 查阅；参考；谈到
4．________________ 轮流做某事
5．__________ 受够了；饱受；厌烦
6．______________ 担心；烦恼
7．__________ 但愿；要是……就好了
8．__________ 向前看；为将来打算
9．____________ 时而；不时地
10．____________ 追溯到……
due to
on behalf of
refer to
take turns to do sth.
fed up with
be worried about
if only
look ahead
now and then
date back/from
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．If only she ________ ahead and ________ better this year!
她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了。
2．____________ wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her.
听见狼群在森林里嚎叫，拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，担心会有野兽在等着她。
3．Abruptly she sat down, ______________ by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.
突然间她坐了下来，但又被她那又笑又喊的妹妹卢娜一把抱了起来。
答案：1．had looked；planned　2．Having heard　3．only to be scooped up
Ⅳ.语篇理解
Choose the best answers according to the text
1． This text is mainly an imaginative story about a family feast of ________.
A．a boy
B．a man
C．a girl of the earliest people
D．a modern girl
2． From the first paragraph, we can learn that the family groups mainly lived on ________.
A．fish　　　　　　 B．hunting
C．crops D．farming
3． Lala's guests came to ________.
A．dance
B．talk about an important thing
C．enjoy a feast
D．see Lala
4． Dahu went out to sharpen the scrapers to________.
A．kill an enemy
B．use them as weapons
C．cut up the meat
D．cut stones
5． From the text we can infer that family groups ________.
A．lived together
B．lived far away
C．lived in the same cave
D．lived separately
答案：1～5　CBCCD
课堂要点探究
1．applaud vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
①They kept applauding long after the curtain came down.
落幕之后，他们仍长时间鼓掌。
②The audience warmly applauded the performers.
观众向演员们热烈鼓掌。
③They applauded him for his courage.
他们因他的勇气而称赞他。
注意：applaud sb./sth. 向某人/某事鼓掌表示欢迎或赞赏
applaud sb. for sth. 因某事赞赏某人
知识拓展
applause n. 鼓掌；喝彩；夸奖；赞扬
win the applause of... 赢得……的掌声
①There was continued applause.
掌声经久不息。
②The audience broke into rapturous applause.
听众中爆发出一片欢呼喝彩声。
③His good conduct deserves applause.
他的优良品行值得称赞。
④His speech won the applause of the audience.
他的讲话赢得了听众的掌声。
活学活用
(1)补全句子
①People all______ ________ ________ ________ ________ (称赞他的勇敢)．
②The audience all stood up and ________ ________ ________ (为那位演讲者鼓掌)．
答案：①applauded him for his bravery　②applauded the speaker
(2)选词填空(accept/applaud)
When the space heroes came out of the capsule, all the viewers ________ them in delight.
答案：applauded　句意为“当太空英雄从太空舱中走出来时，所有的观众都高兴地鼓起掌来表示欢迎”。故填applaud。
2．accelerate vi. & vt. 加速；促进
①The car accelerated on the downhill road.
汽车在下山的路上加速行驶。
②She accelerated her car and passed the bus in front.
她加快车速超过了前面的公共汽车。
③The new policy accelerated the fall of the government.
新政策的出台加速了该政府的倒台。
知识拓展
acceleration n. 加速；加快；加速的幅度；加速能力；加速度
accelerator n. (汽车的)油门；加速器
①It captures a five second history of speed, acceleration and braking.
它能记录5秒钟内汽车的速度、加速和刹车情况。
②The driver pressed on the accelerator, savagely roaring the engine.
司机踩下油门踏板，引擎轰鸣。
活学活用
选词填空(accumulate/accelerate)
These days the government has issued several economic policies that will ________ prosperity of manufacturing industry.
答案：accelerate　accumulate“积累”；accelerate “加速”。句意为“这些日子政府已通过了几项经济政策，这些政策能够促进制造业的繁荣”。根据题意，用accelerate。
3．arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引　n．逮捕；拘留
①He got arrested for robbing.
他因抢劫被逮捕。
②He was arrested for causing a serious car accident.
他因造成严重车祸而被逮捕。
③An unusual noise arrested my attention.
一阵不寻常的嘈杂声引起了我的注意。
④The police made several arrests during the football match.
警方在足球赛时逮捕了一些人。
知识拓展
arrest sb. for因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 被逮捕
arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意
under arrest 在关押中
make an arrest 进行拘捕
活学活用
(1)补全句子
灿烂的灯光吸引了这个男孩的注意力。
The bright lights ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：arrested the boy's attention
(2)用恰当词语填空
The agent was arrested________carrying a false passport.
答案：for　句意：那个代理商因使用假护照而被捕。arrest“逮捕”，be arrested for...“因……而被捕”。
4．skilful adj. 有技巧的；熟练的
If he was a more skilful player, he would have scored more points.
如果他是一个更有技巧的表演者，那他将获得更多分。
知识拓展
be skilful at (doing)sth. 擅长(做)某事
skilfully adv. 熟练地
She is quite skilful at dealing with difficult customers.
她擅长对付苛刻的顾客。
比较网站
skilful, skilled
Linda's father is a skilled mechanic so she has become skilful at repairing bicycles too.
琳达的父亲是个技术娴熟的机械师，因而她很会修理自行车。
skilful 指人聪明，做事很灵巧，尤指手的灵巧
skilled 通常指受过正规训练，有多年实践经验，并掌握某项专门技术
答案：(1)skilful　(2)Skilled　(3)skilled　(4)skilful
1．look ahead 向前看；为将来打算
①Look ahead. What can you see on the top of the hill
向前看，你看见山顶上有什么东西？
②Young people often look ahead to the future while the elderly look back on the past.
青年人常思将来，老年人常思既往。
知识拓展
look down upon/on 看不起，歧视
look forward to 盼望，期望
look into 调查，研究
look through 温习，仔细检查，浏览
look up 查阅
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
①The government will look into how to reduce unemployment rate.
政府将研究如何降低失业率。
②My father certainly has great influence on me and I always look up to him.
我父亲对我有极深远的影响，我一直很尊敬他。
活学活用
(1)用合适的look词组填空
①We should ________________________ and spare a thought for future generations.
②Mr. Smith had taught for many years, and all students ____________________________ him.
③You should ____________________________ your notes before the examination.
④We'll ______________________ the matter first before coming to a decision.
答案：①look ahead　②look up to　③look through　④look into
(2)补全句子
—________(向前看) and you will get a good chance.I'm sure that you will make great progress.
—Thank you.
答案：Look ahead　句意：“向前看，你会得到好机会。我相信你将取得很大的进步。”“谢谢。”look ahead“向前看；为将来打算”，符合题意。
2．date back to...“追溯到……，始于”，相当于date from。
①My family has a vase, which is said to date back to the Ming Dynasty.
我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。
②Tomb Sweeping Day dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period.
清明节可以追溯到春秋时代。
③The cultural relic discovered lately dates from the Qing Dynasty.
最近发现的文物属于清朝。
注意：date back to和date from常用一般现在时，而且无被动语态。
知识拓展
up to date 最近的；跟上时代的
out of date 过时的；废弃的
①Just like your anti virus, you have to keep your firewall up to date.
就像你的反病毒程序，你要保持你的防火墙是最新的。
②All our information is kept right up to date on the computer.
我们贮存在计算机里的所有信息都跟得上时代的发展。
③The timetable is out of date.
这张时间表过期了。
比较网站
date back to, date back
The history of their family dates back hundreds of years; the house where they live dates back to the 18th century.
他们的家族已有几百年的历史；他们住的房子始建于18世纪。
date back to “追溯到；始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词
date back “上溯；追溯”，其后接表示一段时间的名词
活学活用
(1)汉译英
这座建筑是1823年所建。
______________________________________________
答案：This building dates back to 1823．
(2)选词填空(date back to/date back)
The traditional friendship between our two peoples ________ ancient times.
答案：dates back to
(3)My interest in English ________ ________(追溯到)the time when I met a good English teacher in junior middle school.
答案：dates from
1．Worried about the preparations for her feast, Lala quickly turned for home with her collection of nuts, melons and other fruit.
拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作，所以赶紧把坚果，甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。
worried about the preparations for her feast为过去分词短语作状语，用来描述主语的状态。
①Buried in his homework, he didn't notice it was 10 o'clock.
忙于他的作业，他没注意到已经10点了。
②Devoted to his research, he has no time to watch TV, so he doesn't know what has happened to Japan.
致力于他的研究，他没时间看电视，因此他不知道近来日本发生了什么事。
注意：有些动词或动词短语常用过去分词形式作状语，用来描述主语的状态。这些词有excite，tire，frighten，absorb，surprise，shock，satisfy，exhaust等。
活学活用
(1)补全句子
①________ (精疲力竭), he lay on the grass.
②He turned away, ________ (满意的)．
答案：①Exhausted　②satisfied
(2)用恰当形式填空
________ (addict)to the Internet, he didn't study at all.
答案：Addicted　句意：沉溺于网络，他一点也不学习了。be addicted to...“沉溺于……”，addicted to为过去分词短语作状语，用以说明主语的状态。
2．If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!
她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！
if only...意为“要是……就好了，但愿……”，其后的句子常用虚拟语气，表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。if only所在的句子可以用一般过去时(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟)、过去将来时(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟)或过去完成时(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟)。
If only my mother were with me now!
要是我母亲现在和我在一起就好了！
If only he would reply to my letter!
要是他能给我回信就好了！
注意：“If only＋句子”是一个固定句型，表示一种愿望，意为“要是……就好了，但愿……”。
①“if only... could/would＋do...”表示与将来事实相反的愿望。
If only we could afford to buy a house of our own.
我们要是能买得起属于我们的房子就好了。
②“if only... did...”表示与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。
If only you knew how hard I've tried to please you.
真希望你能了解我费了多大的劲来逗你开心。
③“if only... had done...”表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
If only you had come to help us yesterday!
你要是昨天来帮我们就好了！
比较网站
if only，only if
if only 用来表达愿望，意为“但愿……；要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(与现在事实相反用一般过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时)
only if 由副词only和从属连词if组合而成，only起强调作用，意为“只要”。
活学活用
(1)用if only, only if 填空
①__________________ we could afford to buy a car of our own.
②__________________ you knew how hard I've tried to please you.
③____________________ the boss has given permission is a worker allowed to leave the place.
答案：①If only　②If only　③Only if
(2)Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ (follow) your advice.
答案：had followed　if only表示“如果……就好了”，表示与事实相反，条件意味强烈，其谓语动词常用虚拟语气。此句表示过去的动作，应选用过去完成时。
3．Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her.
听见狼群在森林里嚎叫，拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，担心会有野兽在等着她。
此句中多处用了现在分词。“Having heard wolves howling in the forest”为现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语，其中“howling in the forest”为现在分词短语作宾语补足语；而“fearing that...”在句中作伴随状语，其中that从句为动词fear的宾语；从句中的“lying in wait for her”为分词短语作后置定语修饰wild beasts。
Having finished his report, Tom went to the playground to play basketball.
完成了他的报告，汤姆去操场打篮球了。
I saw him talking with his teacher just now.
刚才我看见他正和他老师谈话。
They walked on the road to the library, talking and laughing.
他们走在去图书馆的路上，说说笑笑。
This is the dog barking just now.
这就是刚才叫唤的那只狗。
注意：现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，它与主语之间构成主谓关系；现在分词作宾语补足语，与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；现在分词作定语，与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
(1)________ (fail)to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
答案：Having failed　句意：我们没能与他们取得电话联系，所以我们发了一封电子邮件。因为分词动作是由句中主语we发出，并且该动作又发生在谓语动词sent之前，故要用现在分词的完成式作原因状语，相当于as we had failed to reach them on the phone。
(2)People sat together, ________ (talk about)another earthquake in Japan.
答案：talking about　句意：人们坐在一起，谈论着发生在日本的又一次地震。从句意看，此处应为现在分词短语作伴随状语，所以填talking about。
4．She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。
句中“had done...when...”是一个常用句型，意为“(刚)做完了……就在那时……”。
when表示“就在那时”时，常见句式及意义如下：
①He was talking about his plans when suddenly the lights went off.
他还在喋喋不休地讲着他的计划，这时灯突然灭了。
②I was about to go to bed when someone knocked at the door.
我正要上床睡觉，这时有人敲门。
③We had hardly arrived when it began to snow.
我们刚到就开始下雨了。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)She had just finished her homework ________ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
答案：when　句意：昨天，她刚一做完作业母亲就让她练习弹钢琴。sb. had just done sth. when...“某人刚……就……”，when属于并列连词，前面的分句为when分句提供了时间背景。
(2)On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ________ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”．
答案：when　句意：在一个雨天我正开车沿佛蒙特向北行驶，这时我注意到一个年轻人正举着一个写着“波士顿”的牌子。when“在这时”。
5．He chose one large stone and began to use it like a hammer striking the edge of the scraper that needed sharpening.
他选了一大块石头，把它当作锤子敲打一个需要磨快的石刮刀边沿。
(1)本句中and连接两个并列谓语；that引导的定语从句修饰先行词scraper。
(2)句中needed sharpening中的sharpening是动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，英语中need，want，require等动词后可以接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，也可以用动词不定式的被动形式表示被动意义。
The house needs cleaning/to be cleaned.
这所房子需要打扫一下。
The sentence wants explaining/to be explained again.
这个句子需要再解释一遍。
知识拓展
在英语表达当中有很多用的是主动形式，但表达的意义却是被动的，现总结如下：
①表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，look等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动含义。
The mixture tasted terrible.
这种混合物尝起来味道很不好。
②表达事物行为、方式的动词open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash等习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。
This kind of cloth washes well.
这种布料很好洗。
The new door won't open.
新门打不开。
③“be＋形容词＋不定式”结构常表示被动含义。
The problem is hard to solve.
这问题很难解决。
④be on show, be on sale, be under discussion等表被动意义。
Summer clothes are on sale.
夏装正在出售。
⑤“be worth doing”结构表示被动含义。
The film is worth seeing.
这部电影值得一看。
⑥“不定式作后置定语”结构表示被动含义。
Would you like something to drink
你想喝点什么吗？
活学活用
用恰当形式填空
Many buildings in the city need ________， but the one ________ first is the library.(repair)
答案：repairing; to be repaired　第一空sth. need repairing相当于sth. need to be repaired主动形式表示被动意义。第二空用不定式作定语表示时间上的“将来”。
6．Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.
突然她坐了下来，结果被她的又笑又喊的妹妹卢娜一把抱了起来。
本句中only to be scooped up...作结果状语，强调意想不到的结果。
①He woke up only to find everyone gone.
他醒了过来结果发现大家都走了。
②She returned home only to find that no one was at home.
她回到家，才发现家里没有一个人。
比较网站
不定式在句子中作结果状语，强调意料之外的结果，要注意不定式与句子主语的关系，是主谓关系的，用主动式，是被动关系的，用动词不定式的被动式；而v. ing形式在句子中作结果状语，强调自然的、必然的结果。
The fire was too big and out of control, burning the whole building down.
火太大并失去了控制，把整座楼都烧倒了。
活学活用
(1)补全句子
①他学习这么用功，结果竟然考试失利。
He studied hard ________ ________ ________ in the exam.
②Many highways have been built in China, ________ ________ ________ (使……更容易) for people to travel from one place to another.
答案：①only to fail　②making it easier
(2)Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, only________ (find)the neighbors and the house that I used to be familiar with were gone.
答案：to find　考查非谓语动词。句意：去年暑假，我回到了家乡结果发现过去我熟悉的邻居和房子都不见了。only＋不定式表示意料不到的结果，填to find。
如何描述事物
写作指导
本单元的写作任务是对某物进行介绍，说明其外形、颜色、形状、用途等。在说的基础上落笔成文，这就是一种描写文。描写文(Description)是使叙述形象化的一种写作方法，就描写对象而言，描写可分为人物描写、景物描写、场面描写等；就描写的方式而言，描写可分为主观描写和客观描写。
所谓主观描写，就是在描述人或事物的特征或特性时，也可把自己对此人或此事的看法表现出来，从而激发读者的感情。客观描写是就事论事，是一种真实的报道，目的在于告诉不能亲眼看见描写对象的读者景物的真实情况。
描写文的写法多种多样，可以先从具体描写某一事物开始，然后再泛写与之相关的其他事物。也可以先写不重要的事物，最后重点突出所要描写的事物。也可以按照事物所处的空间顺序，如前后左右等，来描述事物。要灵活运用各种修辞方法，根据需要恰当地运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法，使描述更生动、形象，更好地说明问题。
写描写文应注意以下几个方面：
1．明确描写目的，描写只起修饰作用。
2．要抓住人或事的特点。
3．要充分发挥联想的能力，并采用一些比喻、拟人等修辞描写手段，从多方面表现事物的特征，唤起读者的想象。
[常用句型]
Thought to be the world's oldest..., it has been discovered...
It could be the first evidence of...
It dates back to at least...
It was constructed more than...
It was first discovered...
Large numbers of... have been discovered in...
The discovery of... was further evidence that...
Further evidence that... came with the discovery of...
The first sign of civilization in... dates back to around...
It means that...
It is generally considered/thought...
The mystery of... remains unknown/uncertain...
It is well preserved...
话题导入
假设你是李华。上周末你参加了国家博物馆，并对一尊商朝时期的酒器——爵，很感兴趣。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英文短文在英语课上给同学们介绍一下爵。
名称：爵
发现地：河南安阳
时期：商朝
材料：青铜
描述：17．1厘米高，三条腿，中间U形部分是酒杯，上有花纹，在一旁有一个柄
用途：饮酒器具，是权力的象征
意义：饮酒器外观十分漂亮，说明它已经经历了较长的发展过程；同时也说明了当时人们制作青铜器的高超工艺水平和较高的生活和文化水平。
注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头已给出，可适当增加细节。
参考词汇；爵Jue；器具vessel
写作词汇热身
1．被发现_________________________
2．被用来_________________________
3．权力的象征_________________________
答案：1．be discovered　2．be used to　3．a symbol of authority
It was used to drink during the Shang Dynasty and was a symbol of authority.
The vessel is very beautiful and smart. It shows the high level skills at bronze craftsmanship of people at that time. It also shows that the people had a fairly high standard of living and culture of their own.
名师点评
1．本文格式正确，结构合理，条理清楚。
2．文中多次运用定语从句，显示出作者对语言的较强驾驭能力。
课堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． The girls were eating away at the m__________ seeds, chatting.
2． The w____________ on his face signified that he had lived a hard life.
3． From the p__________ condition of his collaterals, he is very well.
4． The pupils that had been watching started to a__________.
5． The h________ of the wolves gave the lonely traveler a feeling of fear.
6． The car a________ away and was soon just a speck on the horizon.
7． S________ are their tools for hunting.
8． Frankly, I've been in the boat for hours and I'm feeling d__________.
9． A piece of writing without any p__________ is difficult to understand.
10． Mary，I've never seen your husband so g________.
答案：1． melon　2． wrinkles　3． pulse　4． applaud
5． howl　6． accelerated　7． Spears　8． dizzy　9． punctuation　10． gay
Ⅱ.选词填空
look ahead， date back to， fed up with， cut up， in good condition， lie in wait
1． Little did I know what troubles were ___________ _________ for me when I got home.
2． If you look after it, your CD player should remain ______ ________________ for a number of years.
3． They've been friends for long and their friendship ________________________ the 1970s.
4． The tailor ________________________ a large piece of cloth to make one shirt for me and two for my sister.
5． We must ______________________ before we go further in the matter.
6． I'm ________________________ this food; it's time we had some change.
答案：1．lying in wait　2．in good condition　3．dates back to　4．cut up　5．look ahead　6．fed up with
Ⅲ.语篇理解
Family
members Details
Lala ●the future 1．________ of Dahu's children
●collected nuts, melons and other fruit for the feast
●accelerated her walk to the caves because of the howling of 2．________
●felt dizzy with 3．________
●handed some 4．________ over to Dahu
●went out of the cave to welcome her friends and neighbours
Dahu ●the best 5．________ in the group
●a tall man with a large, 6．________ face, strongly pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones
●carried several 7．________ and some pieces of wood
●went outside the cave to make the scrapers sharp enough with one large 8．________
The men brought home the 9．________ for the feast
Lala's mother and the older children were preparing the deer and pig meat over the fire
Lala's aunts were making clothes with 10．________
Lala's sister, Luna was laughing and shouting
答案：1．mother　2．wolves　3．hunger　4．stone　scrapers　5．toolmaker　6．square　7．fish　8．stone　9．meat　10．animal skins
课后强化作业
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