上海市2022-2023学年高三下学期英语开学摸底考试卷
一、听对话回答问题
1．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．Librarians. B．Farmers. C．Officials. D．Assistants.
2．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．At the department store. B．From the other customers.
C．At the information center. D．From a change machine.
3．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．An English textbook. B．A Japanese textbook.
C．A history book. D．A chemistry book.
4．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．9:00. B．9:30. C．10:00. D．10:30.
5．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．Because he is not well paid for his work.
B．Because the job is challenging enough.
C．Because he can't concentrate on his work.
D．Because he lives far away from his company.
6．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．He will go for the picnic.
B．He will receive a friend.
C．He will go to visit Jack.
D．He will stay at home and do nothing.
7．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．It's not the children making the noise.
B．The children used to be quiet.
C．The children are very quiet.
D．The children were noisier yesterday.
8．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．He failed the exam again.
B．He did very well in the exam.
C．He narrowly passed the exam.
D．He got the highest mark in the exam.
9．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．He is pleased to do the task for James.
B．He is too busy to do it now.
C．He doesn't want to type the report out.
D．He doesn't know how to type it.
10．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．It cost too much money.
B．It will bring huge profit.
C．It does harm to the environment.
D．He knew nothing about the construction.
二、听长对话或独白回答问题
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听短文，回答下列问题
11．
A．A wild animal. B．A tiger in need of adoption.
C．A tiger without children. D．An adopted child.
12．
A．Because the zoo wants them to do so.
B．Because people don't love Shorty enough.
C．Because people don't want to spend too much money on Shorty.
D．Because Shorty's food is too expensive for one person to afford.
13．
A．Many people are kind to animals.
B．Animals in the zoo don't have enough food to eat.
C．Children love animals better than adults do.
D．Many zoos are too poor to feed their animals.
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听短文，回答下列问题
14．
A．Because they are ignored by their parents.
B．Because they are always troublesome.
C．Because they are encouraged to do so.
D．Because they feel uncomfortable about long flights.
15．
A．To stop worrying for their kids.
B．To find companions for their kids on the plane.
C．To book the flight earlier in advance.
D．To encourage kids to sleep during the flight.
16．
A．Never forget how comfortable a long-distance flight itself might be to a person.
B．People feel too embarrassed to accept the help from the staff.
C．When children feel excited, the best way is to turn to air staff for help.
D．Air staff should have many ways to deal with various passengers.
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话，回答下列问题
17．
A．He is going to the store.
B．He is going to see the woman.
C．He is going to see Robert.
D．He is looking for his calculator.
18．
A．The man has lost it.
B．Robert has borrowed it.
C．The woman has found it.
D．Robert will buy one for the man.
19．
A．The woman never intended the man to keep the calculator so long.
B．The man never intended the woman to keep the calculator so long.
C．Robert never intended the man to keep the calculator so long.
D．The man never intended Robert to keep the calculator so long.
20．
A．They are too expensive that he can't afford it.
B．They are cheap enough to buy some for himself.
C．They are not so expensive that he can buy one for himself.
D．They are not so cheap that he will save money to buy one.
三、语法填空
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 语法填空
Female Entertainers Fight Ageism in the Reality Show
A band of entertainment industry " has-beens" has stepped back into the spotlight in Older Sisters Riding Winds and Breaking Waves. It is a girl group knockout reality show 21． (feature) performers older than 30.
Produced by Mango TV, the reality show has made huge waves across China's social platforms. The show consists of 30 seasoned, established female singers, actors and hosts, 22． were born before 1990.
" 23． some possibilities in life fade after you hit 30, you can still transcend time and reinvent yourself, " reads part of the show's preamble(开场白), conveying a clear message 24． the ageism facing women.
Some contestants spoke out about their attitude towards aging and age discrimination.
Wu Xin, 37, a hostess on the popular variety show Happy Camp, 25． (voice) her opinion, believing she's at the best age of her life. " I used to limit myself due to a narrow vision, and thus missed a lot of opportunities. 26． I get older, I've come to realize that I can do many things, so I decided 27． (seize) this chance to stretch myself, " she said.
While some people see the successfully staged show as a progression in challenging society's youth-obsessed pop culture, 28． remain doubtful and critical.
Some viewers reveal that their anxiety towards aging has gotten 29． (bad) after watching the show.
" My heart quivered as I heard 50-year-old Christy Chung say she still feels as young as 20 physically and would always be 18 at heart. The show actually points out the possibility 30． a woman's actual age is neither acceptable for the public nor for herself, " reads a Weibo post by Tang Shuang, a senior fashion editor of Vogue China.
四、选词填空
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 选词填空
A．politely B．deserving C．Strengthened D．hospitalization E. cases F. under-resourced G. unsurprising H. possibly I. reaching J. readopted K. unsustainable
Too many people believe that the pandemic is over, England's deputy chief medical officer, Prof Jonathan Van-Tam, warned this week: far from it. Europe is at its centre again, WHO has said, urging governments to continue with public health measures. But though Sajid Javid, England's health secretary, predicted last month that 31． here could hit 100, 000 a day, he remains unwilling to take action — even as the latest Real-time Assessment of Community Transmission (React) findings, for late October, show that about one in 58 people is tested positive — more than double September's levels. The indifference of Mr Javid and his boss, Boris Johnson, is 32． , given the government's record. (Last month's news report on its response stressed that it had " lacked speed in making timely decisions" : if put less 33． , it was far too late, far too often). But their attitude is doubtlessly 34． by a drop in recorded cases over the past week. Some experts think the drop may have to do with the growing immunity caused by high infection rates.
While vaccines (疫苗) (and now treatments) are decreasing 35． rates, current infection levels and breakthrough cases remind us that vaccines do not stop people from catching or spreading Covid, and reduce but do not eliminate the possibility of serious health problems such as long Covid.
The government is counting on boosters (疫苗加强剂), though it says its " plan B" — forced masking, vaccine passports and encouragement to work from home — will be introduced if the pressure on the National Health Service (NHS) is 36． . The British Medical Association believe that point arrived weeks ago. Queues of ambulances are the most visible indication of the pressures. The NHS went into the pandemic 37． and, more obviously at the current stage, short-staffed. The overall impact has been exhausting. Any further increase in Covid patients, already 38． more than 9, 500, would greatly weaken the ability to deal with the huge backlog (积压的工作).
Why take that risk Forced masking on public transport and in places such as supermarkets must be 39． . The government should introduce Covid passports for crowded venues. Third doses (针剂) must be made more accessible. Adopting these minimal measures now would save lives and protect the NHS, 40． preventing the need for more drastic action later.
五、完形填空
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 完形填空
Southern long-finned pilot whales are marine mammals with a lot to say—and they may use vocalizations (发声) to outsmart a deadly enemy.
Cetaceans (鲸类动物) such as whales and dolphins communicate through sound to find food and mates, to navigate and to interact socially. Their vocalizations 41． between species and within communities. The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial noise such as sonar, but nobody had previously recorded them 42． other cetaceans' sounds. A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.
Researchers listened to 2, 028 vocalizations of long-finned pilot whales off the coast of Australia, the first time sounds from the species in this region have been 43． described. They were surprised to hear 19 instances of vocalizations that resembled those of orcas—the whales' oceanic 44． . " We found some calls that are, to the human ear, 45． to the killer whale calls in the same area, " says Christine Erbe, an expert in Marine Science and Technology.
Pilot whales and orcas, the two largest species of cetaceans, are often seen in the same 46． and are similar sizes, and both live in social groups. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are 47． their predators (猎食者) .
48． from orca stomachs shows they do occasionally eat pilot whales. But pilot whales can mob and chase orcas away, the only cetaceans seen 49． themselves from their predator in this way.
Mimicry could serve as an 50． defense: " One theory is that if they use similar sounds, they may not be recognized as prey, " Erbe says. Pilot whales hunting or eating orcas' food remainders might go 51． if they use orca-like calls. " This is all underwater, where light travels really poorly, " she adds. " So these animals 52． sound for detecting their prey and predators and for navigating. " Long-finned pilot whales have shown an ability to 53． between orca calls with different meanings.
Additional work would 54． whether mimicry is actually occurring. Researchers could pair their listening data with direct observations of the animals' interactions in the wild or perhaps even play orca sounds and watch the whales' 55． .
41．A．range B．vary C．rise D．drop
42．A．distracting B．separating C．forecasting D．matching
43．A．critically B．considerately
C．conveniently D．comprehensively
44．A．partner B．specie C．enemie D．mates
45．A．identical B．responsive C．contrary D．inferior
46．A．boundarie B．societie C．environment D．facilities
47．A．initially B．eventually C．potentially D．accidentally
48．A．Motion B．Emission C．Conclusion D．Evidence
49．A．splitting B．defending C．dismissing D．preventing
50．A．accessible B．additional C．accurate D．adequate
51．A．unnoticed B．uninterested C．untouched D．unarmed
52．A．apply to B．turn up C．rely on D．put out
53．A．pursue B．distinguish C．demonstrate D．struggle
54．A．claim B．calculate C．confirm D．clarify
55．A．reflection B．reception C．relation D．reactions
六、阅读理解
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 阅读理解
If you remember anything before the age of 3, your brain only puts together bits of reality that you've learned as you've grown up, according to a new research. In the largest study of its kind, researchers asked people about their earliest memory and at what age they believe it took place. They found that a surprising number of people claimed to remember things from their first years of life. But scientists agree that our brain isn't developed enough to keep memories until we're three years old, so researchers wanted to know why so many people insist they remember something before then.
Of 6, 641 participants, 37. 4 percent said they had their first memory before the age of 2. Of those, 893 said their first memories were from the period before they turned 1. Participants' answers were analyzed in terms of their age, language, the content of the memory and the nature of the memory.
" When we looked through the answers from participants, we found that a lot of these first ‘memories' were frequently related to infancy and a typical example would be a memory based around a baby carriage, " said Professor Martin Conway at City University of London.
This means that many of these " fictional" memories are only our minds mixing up what we know about babies and what we actually experienced as a baby. They also found that older people were more likely to report remembering a " fictional" early memory. Researchers couldn't determine why our brains do this but suggested it comes from a personal need to have a complete description of our lives. They added that a positive self-narrative can lead to a better life.
56．Why did the researchers conduct the study
A．They had doubt about a claim.
B．They wanted to test a new method.
C．They had to explain about an earlier study.
D．They needed more data to convince people.
57．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How the brain develops.
B．How the research was done.
C．How the participants behaved.
D．How researchers collected the data.
58．Who most probably has fake early memories according to the text
A．Babies aged 2. B．Old people.
C．The middle-aged. D．Teenagers.
59．What do the researchers think of the first memories
A．Reliable. B．Helpful. C．Positive. D．Fictional.
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 阅读理解
History Fair CompetitionUnderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun! This Year's Theme All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways. Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories: ·Performance ·Documentary ·Essay Writing Category Requirements Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period. Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23. Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2, 000 to 2, 500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included. Important Dates January 5Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear. February 5Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights. February 19A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. March 9Submit a final draft of your essay. March 15Performance and documentary committee preview March 24Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition 7:00 A．M. - 9:00A．M. Participants signing in at the gym 10:00 A．M. - 6:00P. M. Competition and judges' review 7:00 P. M. Awards ceremony
60．What is the theme of this year's competition
A．Technology advances science.
B．Science interacts with technology.
C．Science has made the study of history easy.
D．Technology has improved the life of Americans.
61．What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1, 500 words to meet the category requirement
A．Include more information in the essay.
B．Remove the references.
C．Provide a cover for the essay.
D．Explain the details with illustrations.
62．What will the committee of teachers do on February 19
A．Preview performances and documentaries.
B．Make comments on the materials.
C．Improve the participant's first draft.
D．Collect a second proposal from the participant.
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 阅读理解
Every year millions of breeding monarch butterflies in the U. S. and southern Canada search for milkweed plants on which to lay their eggs. Concern over shrinking habitat （居住地）has urged conservationists to create monarch-friendly spaces along roadsides, which are more than enough within the butterflies range and usually publicly owned. But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out, a new study finds. They eventually do become desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on, too.
Noise pollution is known to affect the lives of birds, whales and other creatures. But until recently, scientists had never tested whether it leads to a stress response in insects. When Andy Davis, a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by, he wondered how the constant noise might affect them. Davis built a custom caterpillar heart monitor, fitting a small sensor into a microscope to precisely measure monarch caterpillars' heart rates as they listened to recordings of traffic sounds in the laboratory.
The hearts of caterpillars exposed to highway noise for two hours beat 17 percent faster than those of caterpillars in a silent room. But the heart rates of the noise-exposed group returned to baseline levels after hearing the traffic sounds nonstop for their entire 12-day development period, Davis and his colleagues reported in May in Biology Letters.
This desensitization could be problematic when the caterpillars become adults, Davis says. A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico, as they narrowly escape predators（捕食者）and fight wind currents.
Whether a noisy developmental period reduces monarchs' survival rates remains unknown, notes Ryan Norris, an ecologist at the University of Guelph in Ontario, who was not involved in the study. But in any case, he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies' death rates as a result of crashes with cars. " There is so much potential road habitat for monarchs and other insects一it would be such a nice thing to capitalize on, " Norris says. " But you just can't get around the traffic. " Davis adds: " I think roads and monarchs just don't mix. "
63．By " They eventually do become desensitized to it" , the writer means that.
A．monarch caterpillars react less strongly to noise
B．monarch caterpillars are stressed out by road noise
C．conservationists are worried about butterflies habitat
D．conservationists no longer create monarch-friendly spaces
64．What inspired Andy Davis to explore the effect of noise on monarch caterpillars
A．There had been little research on monarch caterpillars.
B．Videos showed cars crashed into monarch caterpillars.
C．There was no such record of monarch caterpillars' heart rates.
D．He found that monarch caterpillars shook with cars moving by.
65．According to Andy Davis, how will exposure to noise influence monarch butterflies
A．They are likely to need more time to develop.
B．They are likely to lose their way on their journey.
C．They are more likely to be killed in their migration.
D．They are more likely to die before they become adults.
66．What is Ryan Norris most likely to agree with
A．Monarchs5 survival rates are decreasing each year.
B．It is not recommended that roadside habitat be built for insects.
C．More capital is needed to study monarchs developmental period.
D．Butterflies' rising death rates have nothing to do with moving cars.
七、任务型阅读
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 任务型阅读
Many people drink protein shakes (高蛋白饮品) regularly to lose weight, build muscle or both. Others, however, question the belief that protein shakes are better than normal, high-protein foods. So what is the truth
What is in a protein shake
Protein shakes are dietary supplements (膳食补充品) designed to help people consume more protein than they otherwise would. 67． Or people can mix their own shakes using protein powder and other ingredients. Protein powder can be made from plants or animals. Plant-based protein shakes can include soy, pea or rice protein. Animal-based protein powders are usually made from cow's milk. Those who want to stay away from milk can also get protein powder made from egg whites.
Advantages of protein shakes
Studies indicate that consuming protein shakes is helpful if you want to build your muscle. They can also help to improve your performance while exercising and help you to recover from exercise. 68．
Consuming protein shakes can also help you lose weight. Eating a high-protein diet helps you feel full, so it's easier to resist eating too much. High-protein diets can also increase how quickly your body burns energy. When you use more energy than you take in through food, you lose weight. 69．
Disadvantages of protein shakes
However, you don't have to drink protein shakes to have a high-protein diet. Many wholefoods are rich in protein. As a matter of fact, the people in many high-protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods. 70． In contrast, many protein shakes contain sugar or artificial sweeteners, which are not healthy.
To sum up
So yes, protein shakes are convenient, and they work. However, they are not your only choice for eating a high-protein diet.
A．And if you're losing weight, protein shakes can help make sure that you don't lose muscle.
B．Protein shakes can also help people to manage their figures, especially their weight.
C．Moreover, these foods contain other nutrients in addition to protein.
D．Therefore, it is unnecessary to take protein shakes unless it is a must.
E．Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks.
F．And high-protein diets have also been linked to the loss of fat.
八、书面表达
71．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 概要写作
Much research has been conducted about why humans laugh and what they laugh at—not only by psychologists, but also by philosophers, for the study of laughter crosses many disciplines. So, why do we laugh
The general belief is that humans laugh as a social bonding mechanism. Studies have shown that humans are over 30 times more likely to laugh with others than alone. Even " laughing gas" works more effectively on a group of people than on a single person. We all know that laughter can be very infectious.
Some researchers believe that laughter in humans was born out of the relief our ancestors felt after danger had passed. If smiling in humans is considered an extension of the " fear" face in primates (灵长类动物), then laughter is a signal that the fear has gone. When we laugh, our " fight or flight" reaction to danger is temporarily switched off, further indicating that we now feel relaxed. So laughter is a way of discharging stress and anxiety.
Although laughter is universal, people don't always laugh at the same things, and what people find funny often changes as they get older. Children find a lot to laugh about, as they are encountering so many things for the first time, which offers constant surprises. Teenagers often like jokes that adults find annoying, while adults often laugh at jokes about funny things in their own everyday lives. Furthermore, because a lot of our humor comes from a shared cultural background, countless jokes don't cross language and cultural barriers, with the result that what's funny in Australia may well not be in Austria.
Regardless of what different people find funny, people ought to laugh as much as they can. While we're laughing, we increase the killer cells that destroy viruses. So, the next time someone tells you they nearly died laughing, tell them it's far from the truth!
九、翻译
72．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 她们中谁可能当过排球教练？(may) （汉译英）
73．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 这张照片使我想起了我们在夏令营里度过的日子。（remind）（汉译英）
74．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 昨晚有许多人等在剧院前想一睹那位歌星的风采。 (there be ) (汉译英)
75．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 每逢节假日，我们都会去郊区露营，为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。(so that)(汉译英)
十、书面表达
76．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 当今社会，短视频已成为高中生获取信息的渠道之一，日前，某网站对某地高中生使用短视频的现状作了调查，结果如下:
获取短视频内容的类型 受访者平均使用时间占比（该内容浏览时间/总浏览时间）
辅助学习类 48%
娱乐休闲类 31%
生活技能类 12%
其他 9%
请简单描述该图表，并结合自身或他人情况，谈谈你的看法。
（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: We'll have another good harvest this year.
M: Surely. Let's get everything ready for the getting-in of the crops.
Q: Who are the speakers
【分析】题意：说话者们是谁？根据听力内容M: Surely. Let's get everything ready for the getting-in of the crops. 当然。让我们为收割庄稼做好一切准备吧。可知选项Farmers.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句来选出正确选项。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me, can you give me a change for a dollar
W: I'm sorry, sir. I'm not allowed to give change without a purchase. If you go across the street, you'll find a change machine in front of the bookstore.
Q: Where does the woman suggest that the man get change
【分析】题意：女士建议男士去哪里找零钱 根据听力内容If you go across the street, you'll find a change machine in front of the bookstore. 如果你穿过马路，你会发现书店前面有一台找零机。可知选项From a change machine.符合题意；故答案为D。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句you'll find a change machine in front of the bookstore.来选出正确选项。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Has your little sister bought her books yet
M: She bought a history book but the Japanese and English textbooks were sold out.
Q: Which book has the man's sister got
【分析】题意：男士的妹妹买了哪本书 根据听力内容M: She bought a history book but the Japanese and English textbooks were sold out. 她买了一本历史书，但是日语和英语课本都卖完了。可知选项A history book.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。 注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句She bought a history book . 来选出正确选项。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Have you seen Mr. Taylor He is usually here by 9:00.
M: He said he was coming at 9:30 today, but it's already 10:00.
Q: What time does Mr. Taylor usually come
【分析】题意：泰勒先生通常什么时候来 根据听力内容 W: Have you seen Mr. Taylor He is usually here by 9:00. 你见过泰勒先生吗 他通常9点到这里。可知选项9:00.符合题意；故答案为 A。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句He is usually here by 9:00. 来选出正确选项。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Suppose the company offered you a pay rise of 50% , would you be so determined to leave and look for a job elsewhere
M: Yes, I've set my mind on it. I'd like to find a job that can fully show my ability.
Q: Why has the man decided to leave the company
【分析】题意：这个男士为什么决定离开公司 根据听力内容M: Yes, I've set my mind on it. I'd like to find a job that can fully show my ability. 是的，我已经下定决心了。我想找一份能充分发挥我能力的工作。可知选项Because the job is challenging enough.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句to find a job that can fully show my ability来选出正确选项。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Would you join us for a picnic We are going to the seaside for the weekend.
M: Well, my friend Jack is coming to visit but thanks anyway for the invitation.
Q: What will the man probably do this weekend
【分析】题意：这个周末男士可能会做什么 根据听力内容M: Well, my friend Jack is coming to visit but thanks anyway for the invitation. 我的朋友杰克要来拜访，不过还是要谢谢你的邀请。可知 选项He will receive a friend.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句M: Well, my friend Jack is coming to visit but thanks anyway for the invitation. 来选出正确选项。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: The children next room is loud.
W: You called that " loud" . Then you should have heard the noise they made yesterday.
Q: What does the woman mean
【分析】题意：这位女士是什么意 根据听力内容W: You called that " loud" . Then you should have heard the noise they made yesterday. 你说那叫"大声"。那你应该听听他们昨天发出的声音。 可知选项The children were noisier yesterday.符合题意；故答案为D。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键W: You called that " loud" . Then you should have heard the noise they made yesterday. 来选出正确选项。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Richard, it's said that last week's Math exam was quite difficult.
M: Yes, it was and I thought I would have failed but in fact I got the third highest score in the class.
Q: How did the man perform in the exam
【分析】题意：这个男士在考试中表现如何 根据听力内容 M: Yes, it was and I thought I would have failed but in fact I got the third highest score in the class. 是的，我以为我会不及格，但事实上我得了全班第三高的分数。 可知选项He did very well in the exam.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词he third highest score in the class. 和关键句来选出正确选项。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Could you do me a favor and type this report for James
M: For James I should say that's the last thing in the world for me to do now.
Q: What does the man mean
【分析】题意：这位男士的意思是什么？根据听力内容 M: For James I should say that's the last thing in the world for me to do now.詹姆斯 我得说这是我现在最不愿意做的事了。可知 选项He doesn't want to type the report out.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。 注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句that's the last thing in the world for me to do now.来选出正确选项。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Have you heard about the building of the new theatre
M: Of course I have. With so many trees cut down, haven't they ever thought about the natural price the center has cost
Q: What's the man's attitude toward the new theatre
【分析】题意：男士对新剧院有什么看法 根据听力内容M: Of course I have. With so many trees cut down, haven't they ever thought about the natural price the center has cost 当然有了。这么多的树被砍倒了，难道他们没有想过这个中心付出的自然代价吗 可知 选项It does harm to the environment.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 haven't they ever thought about the natural price the center has cost 来选出正确选项。
【答案】11．B
12．D
13．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】Would you like to adopt an animal Although this sounds very unusual, some children have done just this. Brookfield Zoo near Chicago has given people the chance to adopt animals that live in the zoo. Any person can adopt a zoo animal by paying for all of its food for one year. One of the animals that needed parents was a young liger named Shorty. The people at the zoo said that it would cost about $ 8, 000 a year for the food for Shorty.
Not many boys and girls have $ 8, 000 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Shorty's food. Many of the children sent in money which they had earned. Some children sent in only a quarter because that was all the money they had. Other children sent in more money than that.
Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Shorty's food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants. Shorty surely must be a happy tiger to know he has so many adopted parents. Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It will really be exciting for those children to go to Brookfield Zoo to visit their adopted tiger Shorty.
Questions:
Who is Shorty
Why do several hundred people give money to the zoo to help Shorty
What can you infer from the passage
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们捐钱帮助布鲁克菲尔德动物园的老虎小矮子。
【点评】考查独白。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 One of the animals that
needed parents was a young liger named Shorty.来选出正确选项。
11．题意：谁是矮子 根据听力内容 One of the animals that needed parents was a young liger named Shorty. 其中一只需要父母的动物是一只名叫小矮子的小狮虎。可知选项A tiger in need of adoption.符合题意；故答案为B。
12．题意：为什么几百人给动物园捐款来帮助矮子 根据听力内容 Not many boys and girls have $ 8, 000 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Shorty's food. 没有多少男孩和女孩能花8000美元。这就是为什么几百个孩子和大人都给动物园寄了一点钱来帮助支付小矮子的食物。可知选项Because Shorty's food is too expensive for one person to afford.符合题意；故答案为D。
13．题意：你能从文章中推断出什么 根据Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It will really be exciting for those children to go to Brookfield Zoo to visit their adopted tiger. 听力内容 许多孩子也一定很高兴知道他们帮助喂养了他。对于那些孩子来说，去布鲁克菲尔德动物园看望他们收养的老虎真的很令人兴奋。可知 选项Many people are kind to animals.符合题意；故答案为A。
【答案】14．D
15．C
16．D
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】
As flying long distances becomes ever more common, long flights with young children are something parents have to deal with more often. Flights can be unbearable because of the kids and you might be puzzled at why they should make so much trouble. However, never forget how uncomfortable a long-distance flight itself might be to a person, especially little children.
The first and most important tip for parents with kids is to book early, and let the airline know that you will have young children with you. Chances are they will give you seats in a row, which means the kids have a place to play, rest and even sleep.
And when your children lose their cool and you are not able to deal well with the situation, the best way is to turn to air staff for help. Don't forget that they are far more experienced than ordinary people to deal with tough passengers because they have received special training in the field. Therefore, never feel too embarrassed to accept their help.
Questions:
Why could kids be so troublesome on long flights
What is the most important thing for parents traveling with kids
Which one of the statements is true according to the passage
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了父母带小孩乘飞机要注意的几点。
【点评】考查独白。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句The first and most
important tip for parents with kids is to book early, and let the airline know that you will have young children with you. 来选出正确选项。
14．题意：为什么孩子们会在长途飞行中如此麻烦 根据听力内容However, never forget how uncomfortable a long-distance flight
itself might be to a person, especially little children. 然而，永远不要忘记长途飞行本身对一个人来说是多么不舒服，尤其是小孩子。可知选项Because they feel uncomfortable about long flights.符合题意；故答案为D。
15．题意：父母带孩子旅行最重要的是什么 根据听力内容 The first and most important tip for parents with kids is to book early, and
let the airline know that you will have young children with you. 对于有孩子的父母来说，第一个也是最重要的建议是提前预订，并让航空公司知道你将带着年幼的孩子。可知选项To book the flight earlier in advance.符合题意；故答案为 C。
16．题意：根据短文，哪个陈述是正确的 根据听力内容. Don't forget that they are far more experienced than ordinary people to deal with tough passengers because they have received special training in the field.不要忘记，他们比普通人更有经验来处理棘手的乘客，因为他们在这个领域接受了特殊的训练。可知选项Air staff should have many ways to deal with various passengers.符合题意；故答案为 D。
【答案】17．D
18．B
19．D
20．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Has anyone seen my calculator
W: Well, I haven't, what's the matter M: I can't find it anywhere.
W: When did you last have it M: Yesterday afternoon.
W: Are you sure Didn't I see you with it this afternoon when you friend Robert was here
M: Oh, yes. Now I remember. He said he wanted to borrow it for a while. He said just a while, but I never intended him to keep it so long.
W: you don't need it now, do you
M: Of course I do. Why do you think I'm looking for it I've told Robert to buy one himself instead of always using mine. Calculators are so cheap now.
W: Why not ring Robert up and tell him you want your calculator back M: Not at his time of night.
W: Well, then you'll have to do without it until tomorrow.
Questions:
What is the man doing now
Where is the calculator
Which is right according to the passage
What does the man think about calculators
【分析】这是一段发生在办公室的对话，男主人公忘记自己的的计算器被别人借走了，但自己又需要用。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句来选出正确选项。
17．题意：这个男人现在在做什么 根据听力内容M: Has anyone seen my calculator 有人看到我的计算器了吗 W: Well, I haven't, what's the matter 额，我没有，怎么了？ M: I can't find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到。可知选项He is looking for his calculator.符合题意；故答案为 D。
18．题意：计算器在哪里 根据听力内容 W: Are you sure Didn't I see you with it this afternoon when you friend Robert was here 你确定吗 今天下午你朋友罗伯特来的时候，我不是看见你拿着它吗 M: Oh, yes. Now I remember. He said he wanted to borrow it for a while. He said just a while, but I never intended him to keep it so long. 哦，是的。现在我想起来了。他说他想借用一下。他说只说用一会儿，但我从没想过他会使用这么久都没还给我。可知选项Robert has borrowed it.符合题意；故答案为B。
19．题意：根据短文，哪个是正确的 根据听力内容 He said just a while, but I never intended him to keep it so long.他说只说用一会儿，但我从没想过他会使用这么久都没还给我。 可知选项The man never intended Robert to keep the calculator so long.符合题意；故答案为D。
20．题意：男士对计算器有什么看法 根据听力内容I've told Robert to buy one himself instead of always using mine. Calculators are so cheap now. 我已经告诉罗伯特自己买一个，不要老是用我的。现在计算器很便宜。可知选项They are not so expensive that he can buy one for himself.符合题意；故答案为C。
【答案】21．featuring；22．who；23．Even though/Even if；24．against；25．voiced；26．As；27．to seize；28．others；29．worse；30．that
【知识点】新闻报道类；社会现象类；文娱体育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过芒果TV的综艺节目《乘风破浪的姐姐》来展现女艺人在真人秀中对抗年龄歧视，但却没有到达实际效果。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
21．句意：这是30岁以上选手参加的女子团体淘汰赛真人秀。根据句意"30岁以上选手参加"空白处需要非谓语构成非谓语短语作方式状语语， 可知空白处需要动词 feature 的现在分词featuring；故答案为featuring。
22．句意：该节目由30名经验丰富的女歌手、演员和主持人组成，她们都是1990年以前出生的。 根据句子结构空白处需要主语表示"这三十人"， 可知空白处需要非限制性定语从句的引导词who指人 ；故答案为who。
23．句意："即使在你30岁之后，生活中的一些可能性消失了，你仍然可以超越时间，重塑自我，"节目的序言部分写道，传达了反对女性面临的年龄歧视的明确信息。根据句意"即使在你30岁之后，生活中的一些可能性消失了，你仍然可以超越时间，重塑自我" 可知空白处需要让步状语从句的引导词Even though/Even if ；故答案为Even though/Even if。
24．句意："即使在你30岁之后，生活中的一些可能性消失了，你仍然可以超越时间，重塑自我，"节目的序言部分写道，传达了反对女性面临的年龄歧视的明确信息。根据标题Female Entertainers Fight Ageism in the Reality Show 女艺人在真人秀中对抗年龄歧视；可知 空白处需要介词against；故答案为against。
25．句意： 37岁的吴欣是人气综艺节目《快乐大本营》的主持人，她表达了自己的观点，认为自己正处于人生中最美好的年龄。根据句子结构分享空白处需要谓语动词，上下文时态要一致， 可知空白处需要动词voice 的过去式voiced ；故答案为voiced。
26．句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始意识到我可以做很多事情，所以我决定抓住这个机会来伸展自己。根据句意"随着年龄的增长" 可知空白处需要时间状语从句的引导词 As"随着……"；故答案为As。
27．句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始意识到我可以做很多事情，所以我决定抓住这个机会来伸展自己。根据固定搭配：decide to do决定做某事； 可知空白处需要动词seize 的不定式to seize ；故答案为to seize。
28．句意： 虽然有些人认为这场成功上演的演出是挑战社会上迷恋年轻人的流行文化的一种进步，但也有人持怀疑和批评态度。 根据固定搭配：some people……others/the other people 有些人...... 其他人……可知空白处需要代词others ；故答案为others。
29．句意：一些观众透露，看完这部秀后，他们对衰老的焦虑变得更加严重了。根据常识人们在把看秀前和看秀后对年龄的看法进行对比， 可知空白处需要形容词bad的比较级worse ；故答案为worse。
30．句意： 《Vogue》中国版高级时尚编辑唐爽在微博上写道:"这场秀实际上指出了一种可能性，即女性的实际年龄既不能被公众接受，也不能被自己接受。" 根据句子结构分析，空白处前后两个句子都不缺成分，也不缺少句子的含义， 可知空白处需要宾语同位语从句的引导词"that"，that引导同位语从句时没有具体含义；故答案为that。
【答案】31．E；32．G；33．A；34．C；35．D；36．K；37．F；38．I；39．J；40．H
【知识点】政治经济类；新闻报道类；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇2023年前世界共同抗击新冠疫情的报道。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句的逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
31．句意： 但是，尽管英国卫生部长萨吉德·贾维德上个月预测，这里的病例可能达到每天10万例，但他仍然不愿采取行动，即使最新的社区传播实时评估(React)结果显示，10月底，大约每58人中就有1人被检测出阳性，比9月份的水平高出一倍多。 根据宾语100, 000 a day 每天10万例， 可知空白处需要复数名词， 选项cases" 案例"符合题意；故答案为E。
32．句意： 考虑到政府的记录，贾维德和他的上司鲍里斯·约翰逊的冷漠并不令人惊讶。 根据下文it was far too late, far too often太迟了，太频繁了。可知空白处需要形容词表示"不奇怪，不令人吃惊"， 选项 unsurprising符合题意；故答案为G。
33．句意：（ 上个月关于其回应的新闻报道强调，它"在做出及时决定方面缺乏速度":如果不那么礼貌的话，为时已晚，太过频繁)。 根据上文"考虑到政府的记录，贾维德和他的上司鲍里斯·约翰逊的冷漠并不令人惊讶。" 可知括号内的内容在解释政府官员的态度，空白处需要表示态度的复数， 选项politely殷勤地，符合题意；故答案为A。
34．句意： 但他们的态度无疑是值得的，因为过去一周记录在案的病例有所下降。 根据"因为过去一周记录在案的病例有所下降" 可知空白处需要褒义的形容词， 选项deserving值得表扬的，符合题意；故答案为C。
35．句意： 虽然疫苗(以及现在的治疗方法)正在降低住院率，但目前的感染水平和突破性病例提醒我们，疫苗并不能阻止人们感染或传播Covid，也不能减少(但不能消除)长期Covid等严重健康问题的可能性。 根据句意空白处需要单数名词作定语， 可知名词表示"案例，住院病患" 选项hospitalization医院收容，符合题意；故答案为D。
36．句意： 尽管政府表示，如果对国民健康服务(NHS)的压力不能支持的，将引入强制口罩、疫苗护照和鼓励在家工作的"B计划"，但政府正指望着"助推器"。 根据"将引入强制口罩、疫苗护照和鼓励在家工作的"B计划"，但政府正指望着"助推器"" 可知空白处需要形容词表示"坚持不了的" 选项unsustainable不能支持的，符合题意；故答案为K。
37．句意： NHS在疫情爆发时资源不足，在目前阶段，更明显的是人手不足。 根据句意"更明显的是人手不足" 可知空白处需要形容词表示"……不足的" 选项under-resourced资源不足的， 符合题意；故答案为F。
38．句意： 新冠肺炎患者已经超过9500人，如果进一步增加，将大大削弱处理大量积压病例的能力。 根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语动词， 可知空白处需要"达到"， 选项 reaching到达，符合题意；故答案为 I。
39．句意： 为什么要冒这个险呢 在公共交通工具和超市等场所强制戴口罩的做法必须重新采用。 根据句子结构空白处需要过去副词表示被动， 可知空白处意思"采用，实施" 选项 readopted被重新采用，符合题意；故答案为 J。
40．句意： 现在采取这些最低限度的措施将挽救生命，保护NHS，可能避免以后采取更严厉的行动。 根据句子结构空白处需要副词， 可知表示"有可能，或许" 选项 possibly可能，或许；符合题意；故答案为H。
【答案】41．B；42．D；43．D；44．C；45．A；46．C；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．B；51．A；52．C；53．B；54．C；55．D
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了鲸目动物(如鲸鱼和海豚)通过声音交流来寻找食物和配偶，导航和社交互动。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意： 它们的叫声因物种和群落而异。 根据下文 The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial noise such as sonar, 这种动物可以模仿人造噪音， 可知它们是会变化自己的声音的， 选项 A：range范围， B：vary 变化，C：rise上升， D：drop下降， 可知选项vary符合题意；故答案为B。
42．句意：这种动物可以模仿人造噪音，比如声呐，但之前没有人记录过它们与其他鲸目动物的声音相匹配。根据下文 A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.然而，一项新的研究发现，在鲸类动物的音谱中存在重叠。可知空白处需要"匹配" 选项 A：distracting分心， B：separating分离， C：forecasting 预测，D：matching 匹配，可知选项matching符合题意；故答案为D。
43．句意： 研究人员在澳大利亚海岸听取了2028种长鳍领航鲸的声音，这是该地区首次对该物种的声音进行全面描述。 根据句意"研究人员在澳大利亚海岸听取了2028种长鳍领航鲸的声音" 可知这是非常全面的描述了， 选项 A：critically 批判地，B：considerately 考虑地，C：conveniently方便地， D：comprehensively 全面地，可知选项comprehensively符合题意；故答案为D。
44．句意：他们惊讶地发现，有19种声音与鲸鱼的海洋敌人逆戟鲸的声音相似。根据第七空 both live in social groups. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are 7 their predators (猎食者) .它们都生活在社会群体中。逆戟鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们……的天敌可知 选项 A：partner伙伴， B：specie物种， C：enemie敌人， D：mates 伙伴，可知选项enemie符合题意；故答案为C。
45．句意："我们发现，在人耳听来，一些叫声与虎鲸在同一区域的叫声完全相同，"海洋科学与技术专家克里斯汀·埃尔贝说。根据上文"他们惊讶地发现，有19种声音与鲸鱼的海洋敌人逆戟鲸的声音相似。" 可知人耳听来声音是一样的， 选项 A：identical 相同，B：responsive响应， C：contrary 相反，D：inferior劣质， 可知选项identical符合题意；故答案为A。
46．句意： 领航鲸和逆戟鲸是最大的两种鲸类动物，它们经常生活在相同的环境中，体型相似，而且都是群居的。 根据句意"它们经常生活在相同的……" 可知空白处需要"地方，环境" 选项 A：boundarie边界， B：societie 社会，C：environment 环境，D：facilities 设施，可知选项environment符合题意；故答案为C。
47．句意：逆戟鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们潜在的捕食者。根据句意"逆戟鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物" 可知它们二者彼此为可能的杀手； 选项 A：initially 最初，B：eventually 最终，C：potentially 潜在，D：accidentally偶然， 可知选项potentially符合题意；故答案为C 。
48．句意： 虎鲸胃里的证据表明，它们偶尔会吃领航鲸。 根据句意"它们偶尔会吃领航鲸" 可知它们胃里的东西就是最好的证据， 选项 A：Motion动作， B：Emission 排放，C：Conclusion 结论，D：Evidence证据， 可知选项Evidence符合题意；故答案为D。
49．句意：但领航鲸可以成群结队地驱赶逆戟鲸，这是唯一一种用这种方式保护自己免受捕食者攻击的鲸类动物。根据句意"领航鲸可以成群结队地驱赶逆戟鲸" 可知这是保护自己免受攻击的方式； 选项 A：splitting分裂， B：defending防御， C：dismissing解散 ，D：preventing阻止， 可知选项defending符合题意；故答案为B。
50．句意： 模仿可以作为一种额外的防御:"一种理论是，如果它们发出类似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物，"Erbe说。根据句意"一种理论是，如果它们发出类似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物" 可知模仿是它们额外习得的技能， 选项 A：accessible无障碍， B：additional额外， C：accurate 准确，D：adequat 充分，可知选项additional符合题意；故答案为B。
51．句意：领航鲸在捕猎或吃虎鲸的食物残渣时，如果使用类似虎鲸的叫声，可能不会被人注意到。 根据上文"如果它们发出类似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物" 可知空白处需要"不会被注意到" 选项 A：unnoticed未被注意的， B：uninterested不感兴趣的， C：untouched 未被触动的，D：unarmed手无寸铁的， 可知选项unnoticed符合题意；故答案为A。
52．句意： "所以这些动物依靠声音来探测猎物和捕食者，并进行导航。"根据句意"所以这些动物……声音来探测猎物和捕食者" 可知空白处需要"依靠，凭借，用" 选项 A：apply to 申请，B：turn up 出现，C：rely on 依靠，D：put out 扑灭（火焰），可知选项rely on符合题意；故答案为C。
53．句意：长鳍领航鲸表现出了区分不同含义的逆戟鲸叫声的能力。 根据句意"长鳍领航鲸表现出了……不同含义的逆戟鲸叫声的能力" 可知 空白处需要"区分，理解"选项 A：pursue 追求，B：distinguish 区分，C：demonstrate 展示，D：struggle奋斗， 可知选项distinguish符合题意；故答案为B。
54．句意： 进一步的工作将证实模仿是否真的发生。 根据下文"研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与动物在野外互动的直接观察相结合，或者甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的……" 可知空白处需要"确认，证实" 选项 A：claim 声明，B：calculate计算， C：confirm确认， D：clarify澄清， 可知选项confirm符合题意；故答案为C。
55．句意：研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与动物在野外互动的直接观察相结合，或者甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的反应。根据句意" 研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与动物在野外互动的直接观察相结合，或者甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的…… " 可知空白处需要"反应，回应" 选项 A：reflectio反射， B：receptio接受， C：relatio 关系，D：reactions 反应，可知选项reactions符合题意；故答案为D。
【答案】56．A
57．B
58．B
59．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；新闻报道类；社会现象类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。科学研究证实我们的大脑在三岁之前还没有发育到足以保存记忆的程度，人们尤其老年人回忆起"虚构的"早期记忆可能为了个人需求。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
56．细节理解题。根据 But scientists agree that our brain isn't developed enough to keep memories until we're three years old, so researchers wanted to know why so many people insist they remember something before then.但科学家们一致认为，我们的大脑在三岁之前还没有发育到足以保存记忆的程度，所以研究人员想知道为什么这么多人坚持认为他们在三岁之前就记住了一些东西。 可知选项They had doubt about a claim.符合题意；故答案为A。
57．主旨大意题。根据Of 6, 641 participants, 37. 4 percent said they had their first memory before the age of 2. Of those, 893 said their first memories were from the period before they turned 1. Participants' answers were analyzed in terms of their age, language, the content of the memory and the nature of the memory.在6641名参与者中，有37人。4%的人说他们在两岁之前就有了最初的记忆。其中，893人表示，他们最初的记忆来自1岁之前的时期。参与者的回答根据他们的年龄、语言、记忆的内容和记忆的性质进行了分析。 可知这是在叙述研究进行方式； 可知选项How the research was done.符合题意；故答案为B。
58．推理判断题。根据 They also found that older people were more likely to report remembering a " fictional" early memory.他们还发现，老年人更有可能回忆起"虚构的"早期记忆。可知选项Old people.符合题意；故答案为B。
59．推理判断题。根据This means that many of these " fictional" memories are only our minds mixing up what we know about babies and what we actually experienced as a baby. 这意味着许多这些"虚构"的记忆只是我们的大脑把我们对婴儿的了解和我们作为婴儿的实际经历混合在一起。 可知选项Fictional.符合题意；故答案为 D。
【答案】60．C
61．A
62．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇宣传广告。介绍了桑顿中学历史公平竞赛活动的相关内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
60．细节理解题。根据 All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.所有参赛者必须阐述通信或交通技术在历史上如何提高了美国人的生活质量。可知选项Technology has improved the life of Americans.符合题意；故答案为 C。
61．推理判断题。根据Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2, 000 to 2, 500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included. 论文写作:一篇2000到2500字的学术论文。不允许插图。请不要包括保险。必须包括参考书目。 可知选项Include more information in the essay.符合题意；故答案为A。
62．细节理解题。根据 February 19A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. 2月19日教师委员会将对材料进行评估并提出意见。然后学生们就有机会改进他们的产品。可知选项Make comments on the materials.符合题意；故答案为 B。
【答案】63．A
64．D
65．C
66．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；环境保护类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。研究了处于交通噪声中的黑脉金斑蝶死亡率可能会大大上升。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
63．细节理解题。根据 But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out, a new study finds. They eventually do become
desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on, too. 但一项新的研究发现，交通噪音会使帝王蝶毛虫筋疲力尽。他们最终会变得对它不敏感——但这也可能给他们以后带来麻烦。可知选项monarch caterpillars react less strongly to noise符合题意；故答案为A。
64．推理判断题。根据 When Andy Davis, a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by, he wondered how the constant noise might affect them. 当乔治亚大学的保护生理学家安迪·戴维斯注意到路边的帝王蝶毛虫在汽车经过时明显颤抖的在线视频时，他想知道持续的噪音会如何影响它们。可知选项He found that monarch caterpillars shook with cars moving by.符合题意；故答案为 D。
65．推理判断题。根据 A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico, as they narrowly escape predators（捕食者）and fight wind currents. 在长达两个月的墨西哥越冬之旅中，快速的应激反应对黑脉金斑蝶来说至关重要，因为它们要惊险地逃脱捕食者，并与气流作斗争。可知选项They are more likely to be killed in their migration.符合题意；故答案为C。
66．推理判断题。根据 But in any case, he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies' death rates as a result of crashes with cars. 但无论如何，他认为路边的栖息地几乎肯定会提高蝴蝶的死亡率，因为它们与汽车相撞。 可知选项 It is not recommended that roadside habitat be built for insects.符合题意；故答案为 B。
【答案】67．E；68．A；69．F；70．C
【知识点】说明文；日常生活类；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。详细介绍了蛋白奶昔的成分，好处和坏处。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于六选四，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
67．根据下文 Or people can mix their own shakes using protein powder and other ingredients. 或者人们可以用蛋白粉和其他成分混合调成自己的奶昔。可知空白处需要"蛋白奶昔可以是现成的" 选项E．Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks. 蛋白质奶昔可以是现成的饮料。符合题意；故答案为E。
68．根据标题Advantages of protein shakes蛋白奶昔的优点；可知空白处需要"蛋白奶昔可以确保你不会失去肌肉" 选项A．And if you're losing weight, protein shakes can help make sure that you don't lose muscle.如果你正在减肥，蛋白奶昔可以确保你不会失去肌肉。符合题意；故答案为A。
69．根据上文 High-protein diets can also increase how quickly your body burns energy. When you use more energy than you take in through food, you lose weight. 高蛋白饮食也能加快身体燃烧能量的速度。当你消耗的能量超过你通过食物摄入的能量时，你就会减肥。 可知空白处需要"有高蛋白的摄入，可以减少脂肪的摄入" 选项 F．And high-protein diets have also been linked to the loss of fat. 高蛋白饮食也与脂肪的减少有关。符合题意；故答案为F。
70．根据上文As a matter of fact, the people in many high-protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods. 事实上，在许多高蛋白饮食研究中，人们不喝蛋白奶昔。这些研究证明了吃富含蛋白质的食物的好处。可知这些食物营养全面而不单一； 选项C．Moreover, these foods contain other nutrients in addition to protein.此外，除了蛋白质，这些食物还含有其他营养物质。 符合题意；故答案为C。
71．【答案】It's believed that people laugh to get each other closer, and are more likely to laugh within a group. Laugher is also considered a way to fight stress and anxiety. However, people may laugh at different things, which change with age and vary from culture to culture. Anyway, laughter does good to our health so we need to laugh more.
【知识点】文字式说明文；概要写作；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文为概要写作，要求阅读文章，并用不超过60个单词的篇幅概括文章的大意和要点，尽量用自己的语言书写。写作时，首先扫视材料，弄清文章题材和体裁，再根据文章内容，快速获取文章大意，解题前，需要准确把握阅读材料的主要内容，并形成概要的基本框架。扫视本文材料后可知这是一篇是关于笑的说明文，框架为：笑是很有感染力的；笑是一种释放压力和焦虑的方式；但是不同的人（年龄，文化，民族）笑点是不一样的，不管你是什么样的人都应该多笑。得出框架后需要用自己的话串联起来，注意把握字数。
【点评】概要写作时需要根据框架写作，注意要点齐全，上下文连贯，可使用一定数量的句式结构，并运用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高文章的档次。例如，It's believed that people laugh to get each other closer, and are more likely to laugh within a group.，使用省略that的主语从句， and引导的并列句， 以及主语从句中又包含了不定式作目的状语。高级词汇如consider（认为）， change with age and vary from culture to culture（随着年龄的增长而变化，因文化而异）。
72．【答案】Who may have been a volleyball coach among them
【知识点】现在完成时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据" 她们中"among them，"排球教练"a volleyball coach，"可能"may，"谁当过"要用现在完成时；可知要用Who has been a …；故答案为Who may have been a volleyball coach among them
【点评】考查汉译英。现在完成时的特殊疑问句：Who has been a … 谁当过……？
73．【答案】The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.
【知识点】一般现在时；关系代词引导定语从句的用法；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据" 这张照片"the photo ，"使我想起了"remind me of， "在夏令营里"in the summer camp，"度过日子"spend time，再根据汉语意思" 我们度过的日子 "应该修饰限制"日子" 可知这是一个限制性定语从句：the days we spent；整句的时态可用一般现在时表示目前的事实； 故答案为The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意限制性定语从句的用法" 我们度过的日子 "the days we spent。
74．【答案】There were a lot of people waiting in front of the theatre yesterday evening to have a glance at the star singer.
【知识点】分词；there be结构；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】根据" 昨晚"yesterday evening，"许多人" a lot of people，"在剧院前" in front of the theatre，"等待去做"wait to do，"一睹" have a glance at，"那位歌星"the star singer，再根据要求句子结构为"there be" 可知要用一般过去时态：There were 复数名词+状语的结构； 故答案为There were a lot of people waiting in front of the theatre yesterday evening to have a glance at the star singer.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意there be句子结构的时态。
75．【答案】(During)every holiday/ (On) every holiday, we always go/will go camping in the suburbs so that we can enjoy a leisurely comfortable/relaxing and comfortable life.
【知识点】一般现在时；目的状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据 " 每逢节假日"(During)every holiday/ (On) every holiday,"都会"always/often，"去露营"go camping，"去郊区" in the suburbs，"为的就是" so that/in order that，"享受"enjoy sth，"悠闲惬意的生活" a leisurely comfortable/relaxing and comfortable life；再根据汉语意思，可知这是作者一家的经常行为，句子要用一般这是时； 故答案为(During)every holiday/ (On) every holiday, we always go/will go camping in the suburbs so that we can enjoy a leisurely comfortable/relaxing and comfortable life.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意表示经常的行为要用一般现在时。
76．【答案】A survey conducted by a website is aimed at figuring out the situation about high school students' use of short videos as a channel for gaining information. As is clearly shown in the table, about 48% of their total screen time has been spent on contents that are of benefit to their study while time distributed to videos related to entertainment and leisure accounts for 31%. In addition, 12% of their time is taken up by watching videos concerning some important life skills. And 9% is spent on random contents.
As far as I am concerned, it is the advances of the Internet that make it accessible for students to help with their study, relieve themselves of stress and improve their knowledge of life skills through short videos. Thus, it is no wonder that a large proportion of their time is spent on short videos. I am sure that this trend will continue and last forever.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文报道。要求考生以" 某地高中生使用短视频的现状 "为主题写一篇英语报道。写作要点已经由表格给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：引入：日前，某网站对某地高中生使用短视频的现状作了调查，结果如下；
第二段：正文:；获取短视频内容的类型：辅助学习类占看视频内容的时间为48%；其次娱乐休闲类占看视频内容的时间为31%；生活技能类占看视频内容的时间为12%；其他占看视频内容的时间为9%；
第三段：自己的看法。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇 accounts for ， random contents. 和固定短语 is aimed at ， As is clearly shown in the table ，As far as I am concerned, it is the advances of the Internet that make it accessible for students to help ，提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
1 / 1上海市2022-2023学年高三下学期英语开学摸底考试卷
一、听对话回答问题
1．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．Librarians. B．Farmers. C．Officials. D．Assistants.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: We'll have another good harvest this year.
M: Surely. Let's get everything ready for the getting-in of the crops.
Q: Who are the speakers
【分析】题意：说话者们是谁？根据听力内容M: Surely. Let's get everything ready for the getting-in of the crops. 当然。让我们为收割庄稼做好一切准备吧。可知选项Farmers.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句来选出正确选项。
2．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．At the department store. B．From the other customers.
C．At the information center. D．From a change machine.
【答案】D
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me, can you give me a change for a dollar
W: I'm sorry, sir. I'm not allowed to give change without a purchase. If you go across the street, you'll find a change machine in front of the bookstore.
Q: Where does the woman suggest that the man get change
【分析】题意：女士建议男士去哪里找零钱 根据听力内容If you go across the street, you'll find a change machine in front of the bookstore. 如果你穿过马路，你会发现书店前面有一台找零机。可知选项From a change machine.符合题意；故答案为D。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句you'll find a change machine in front of the bookstore.来选出正确选项。
3．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．An English textbook. B．A Japanese textbook.
C．A history book. D．A chemistry book.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Has your little sister bought her books yet
M: She bought a history book but the Japanese and English textbooks were sold out.
Q: Which book has the man's sister got
【分析】题意：男士的妹妹买了哪本书 根据听力内容M: She bought a history book but the Japanese and English textbooks were sold out. 她买了一本历史书，但是日语和英语课本都卖完了。可知选项A history book.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。 注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句She bought a history book . 来选出正确选项。
4．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．9:00. B．9:30. C．10:00. D．10:30.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Have you seen Mr. Taylor He is usually here by 9:00.
M: He said he was coming at 9:30 today, but it's already 10:00.
Q: What time does Mr. Taylor usually come
【分析】题意：泰勒先生通常什么时候来 根据听力内容 W: Have you seen Mr. Taylor He is usually here by 9:00. 你见过泰勒先生吗 他通常9点到这里。可知选项9:00.符合题意；故答案为 A。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句He is usually here by 9:00. 来选出正确选项。
5．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．Because he is not well paid for his work.
B．Because the job is challenging enough.
C．Because he can't concentrate on his work.
D．Because he lives far away from his company.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Suppose the company offered you a pay rise of 50% , would you be so determined to leave and look for a job elsewhere
M: Yes, I've set my mind on it. I'd like to find a job that can fully show my ability.
Q: Why has the man decided to leave the company
【分析】题意：这个男士为什么决定离开公司 根据听力内容M: Yes, I've set my mind on it. I'd like to find a job that can fully show my ability. 是的，我已经下定决心了。我想找一份能充分发挥我能力的工作。可知选项Because the job is challenging enough.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句to find a job that can fully show my ability来选出正确选项。
6．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．He will go for the picnic.
B．He will receive a friend.
C．He will go to visit Jack.
D．He will stay at home and do nothing.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Would you join us for a picnic We are going to the seaside for the weekend.
M: Well, my friend Jack is coming to visit but thanks anyway for the invitation.
Q: What will the man probably do this weekend
【分析】题意：这个周末男士可能会做什么 根据听力内容M: Well, my friend Jack is coming to visit but thanks anyway for the invitation. 我的朋友杰克要来拜访，不过还是要谢谢你的邀请。可知 选项He will receive a friend.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句M: Well, my friend Jack is coming to visit but thanks anyway for the invitation. 来选出正确选项。
7．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．It's not the children making the noise.
B．The children used to be quiet.
C．The children are very quiet.
D．The children were noisier yesterday.
【答案】D
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: The children next room is loud.
W: You called that " loud" . Then you should have heard the noise they made yesterday.
Q: What does the woman mean
【分析】题意：这位女士是什么意 根据听力内容W: You called that " loud" . Then you should have heard the noise they made yesterday. 你说那叫"大声"。那你应该听听他们昨天发出的声音。 可知选项The children were noisier yesterday.符合题意；故答案为D。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键W: You called that " loud" . Then you should have heard the noise they made yesterday. 来选出正确选项。
8．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．He failed the exam again.
B．He did very well in the exam.
C．He narrowly passed the exam.
D．He got the highest mark in the exam.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Richard, it's said that last week's Math exam was quite difficult.
M: Yes, it was and I thought I would have failed but in fact I got the third highest score in the class.
Q: How did the man perform in the exam
【分析】题意：这个男士在考试中表现如何 根据听力内容 M: Yes, it was and I thought I would have failed but in fact I got the third highest score in the class. 是的，我以为我会不及格，但事实上我得了全班第三高的分数。 可知选项He did very well in the exam.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词he third highest score in the class. 和关键句来选出正确选项。
9．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．He is pleased to do the task for James.
B．He is too busy to do it now.
C．He doesn't want to type the report out.
D．He doesn't know how to type it.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Could you do me a favor and type this report for James
M: For James I should say that's the last thing in the world for me to do now.
Q: What does the man mean
【分析】题意：这位男士的意思是什么？根据听力内容 M: For James I should say that's the last thing in the world for me to do now.詹姆斯 我得说这是我现在最不愿意做的事了。可知 选项He doesn't want to type the report out.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。 注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句that's the last thing in the world for me to do now.来选出正确选项。
10．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话回答问题
A．It cost too much money.
B．It will bring huge profit.
C．It does harm to the environment.
D．He knew nothing about the construction.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Have you heard about the building of the new theatre
M: Of course I have. With so many trees cut down, haven't they ever thought about the natural price the center has cost
Q: What's the man's attitude toward the new theatre
【分析】题意：男士对新剧院有什么看法 根据听力内容M: Of course I have. With so many trees cut down, haven't they ever thought about the natural price the center has cost 当然有了。这么多的树被砍倒了，难道他们没有想过这个中心付出的自然代价吗 可知 选项It does harm to the environment.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求 ，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 haven't they ever thought about the natural price the center has cost 来选出正确选项。
二、听长对话或独白回答问题
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听短文，回答下列问题
11．
A．A wild animal. B．A tiger in need of adoption.
C．A tiger without children. D．An adopted child.
12．
A．Because the zoo wants them to do so.
B．Because people don't love Shorty enough.
C．Because people don't want to spend too much money on Shorty.
D．Because Shorty's food is too expensive for one person to afford.
13．
A．Many people are kind to animals.
B．Animals in the zoo don't have enough food to eat.
C．Children love animals better than adults do.
D．Many zoos are too poor to feed their animals.
【答案】11．B
12．D
13．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】Would you like to adopt an animal Although this sounds very unusual, some children have done just this. Brookfield Zoo near Chicago has given people the chance to adopt animals that live in the zoo. Any person can adopt a zoo animal by paying for all of its food for one year. One of the animals that needed parents was a young liger named Shorty. The people at the zoo said that it would cost about $ 8, 000 a year for the food for Shorty.
Not many boys and girls have $ 8, 000 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Shorty's food. Many of the children sent in money which they had earned. Some children sent in only a quarter because that was all the money they had. Other children sent in more money than that.
Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Shorty's food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants. Shorty surely must be a happy tiger to know he has so many adopted parents. Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It will really be exciting for those children to go to Brookfield Zoo to visit their adopted tiger Shorty.
Questions:
Who is Shorty
Why do several hundred people give money to the zoo to help Shorty
What can you infer from the passage
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们捐钱帮助布鲁克菲尔德动物园的老虎小矮子。
【点评】考查独白。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 One of the animals that
needed parents was a young liger named Shorty.来选出正确选项。
11．题意：谁是矮子 根据听力内容 One of the animals that needed parents was a young liger named Shorty. 其中一只需要父母的动物是一只名叫小矮子的小狮虎。可知选项A tiger in need of adoption.符合题意；故答案为B。
12．题意：为什么几百人给动物园捐款来帮助矮子 根据听力内容 Not many boys and girls have $ 8, 000 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Shorty's food. 没有多少男孩和女孩能花8000美元。这就是为什么几百个孩子和大人都给动物园寄了一点钱来帮助支付小矮子的食物。可知选项Because Shorty's food is too expensive for one person to afford.符合题意；故答案为D。
13．题意：你能从文章中推断出什么 根据Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It will really be exciting for those children to go to Brookfield Zoo to visit their adopted tiger. 听力内容 许多孩子也一定很高兴知道他们帮助喂养了他。对于那些孩子来说，去布鲁克菲尔德动物园看望他们收养的老虎真的很令人兴奋。可知 选项Many people are kind to animals.符合题意；故答案为A。
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听短文，回答下列问题
14．
A．Because they are ignored by their parents.
B．Because they are always troublesome.
C．Because they are encouraged to do so.
D．Because they feel uncomfortable about long flights.
15．
A．To stop worrying for their kids.
B．To find companions for their kids on the plane.
C．To book the flight earlier in advance.
D．To encourage kids to sleep during the flight.
16．
A．Never forget how comfortable a long-distance flight itself might be to a person.
B．People feel too embarrassed to accept the help from the staff.
C．When children feel excited, the best way is to turn to air staff for help.
D．Air staff should have many ways to deal with various passengers.
【答案】14．D
15．C
16．D
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】
As flying long distances becomes ever more common, long flights with young children are something parents have to deal with more often. Flights can be unbearable because of the kids and you might be puzzled at why they should make so much trouble. However, never forget how uncomfortable a long-distance flight itself might be to a person, especially little children.
The first and most important tip for parents with kids is to book early, and let the airline know that you will have young children with you. Chances are they will give you seats in a row, which means the kids have a place to play, rest and even sleep.
And when your children lose their cool and you are not able to deal well with the situation, the best way is to turn to air staff for help. Don't forget that they are far more experienced than ordinary people to deal with tough passengers because they have received special training in the field. Therefore, never feel too embarrassed to accept their help.
Questions:
Why could kids be so troublesome on long flights
What is the most important thing for parents traveling with kids
Which one of the statements is true according to the passage
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了父母带小孩乘飞机要注意的几点。
【点评】考查独白。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句The first and most
important tip for parents with kids is to book early, and let the airline know that you will have young children with you. 来选出正确选项。
14．题意：为什么孩子们会在长途飞行中如此麻烦 根据听力内容However, never forget how uncomfortable a long-distance flight
itself might be to a person, especially little children. 然而，永远不要忘记长途飞行本身对一个人来说是多么不舒服，尤其是小孩子。可知选项Because they feel uncomfortable about long flights.符合题意；故答案为D。
15．题意：父母带孩子旅行最重要的是什么 根据听力内容 The first and most important tip for parents with kids is to book early, and
let the airline know that you will have young children with you. 对于有孩子的父母来说，第一个也是最重要的建议是提前预订，并让航空公司知道你将带着年幼的孩子。可知选项To book the flight earlier in advance.符合题意；故答案为 C。
16．题意：根据短文，哪个陈述是正确的 根据听力内容. Don't forget that they are far more experienced than ordinary people to deal with tough passengers because they have received special training in the field.不要忘记，他们比普通人更有经验来处理棘手的乘客，因为他们在这个领域接受了特殊的训练。可知选项Air staff should have many ways to deal with various passengers.符合题意；故答案为 D。
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 听对话，回答下列问题
17．
A．He is going to the store.
B．He is going to see the woman.
C．He is going to see Robert.
D．He is looking for his calculator.
18．
A．The man has lost it.
B．Robert has borrowed it.
C．The woman has found it.
D．Robert will buy one for the man.
19．
A．The woman never intended the man to keep the calculator so long.
B．The man never intended the woman to keep the calculator so long.
C．Robert never intended the man to keep the calculator so long.
D．The man never intended Robert to keep the calculator so long.
20．
A．They are too expensive that he can't afford it.
B．They are cheap enough to buy some for himself.
C．They are not so expensive that he can buy one for himself.
D．They are not so cheap that he will save money to buy one.
【答案】17．D
18．B
19．D
20．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Has anyone seen my calculator
W: Well, I haven't, what's the matter M: I can't find it anywhere.
W: When did you last have it M: Yesterday afternoon.
W: Are you sure Didn't I see you with it this afternoon when you friend Robert was here
M: Oh, yes. Now I remember. He said he wanted to borrow it for a while. He said just a while, but I never intended him to keep it so long.
W: you don't need it now, do you
M: Of course I do. Why do you think I'm looking for it I've told Robert to buy one himself instead of always using mine. Calculators are so cheap now.
W: Why not ring Robert up and tell him you want your calculator back M: Not at his time of night.
W: Well, then you'll have to do without it until tomorrow.
Questions:
What is the man doing now
Where is the calculator
Which is right according to the passage
What does the man think about calculators
【分析】这是一段发生在办公室的对话，男主人公忘记自己的的计算器被别人借走了，但自己又需要用。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读选项去预测可能听到的内容和题目要求，听时注意抓关键词和关键句来选出正确选项。
17．题意：这个男人现在在做什么 根据听力内容M: Has anyone seen my calculator 有人看到我的计算器了吗 W: Well, I haven't, what's the matter 额，我没有，怎么了？ M: I can't find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到。可知选项He is looking for his calculator.符合题意；故答案为 D。
18．题意：计算器在哪里 根据听力内容 W: Are you sure Didn't I see you with it this afternoon when you friend Robert was here 你确定吗 今天下午你朋友罗伯特来的时候，我不是看见你拿着它吗 M: Oh, yes. Now I remember. He said he wanted to borrow it for a while. He said just a while, but I never intended him to keep it so long. 哦，是的。现在我想起来了。他说他想借用一下。他说只说用一会儿，但我从没想过他会使用这么久都没还给我。可知选项Robert has borrowed it.符合题意；故答案为B。
19．题意：根据短文，哪个是正确的 根据听力内容 He said just a while, but I never intended him to keep it so long.他说只说用一会儿，但我从没想过他会使用这么久都没还给我。 可知选项The man never intended Robert to keep the calculator so long.符合题意；故答案为D。
20．题意：男士对计算器有什么看法 根据听力内容I've told Robert to buy one himself instead of always using mine. Calculators are so cheap now. 我已经告诉罗伯特自己买一个，不要老是用我的。现在计算器很便宜。可知选项They are not so expensive that he can buy one for himself.符合题意；故答案为C。
三、语法填空
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 语法填空
Female Entertainers Fight Ageism in the Reality Show
A band of entertainment industry " has-beens" has stepped back into the spotlight in Older Sisters Riding Winds and Breaking Waves. It is a girl group knockout reality show 21． (feature) performers older than 30.
Produced by Mango TV, the reality show has made huge waves across China's social platforms. The show consists of 30 seasoned, established female singers, actors and hosts, 22． were born before 1990.
" 23． some possibilities in life fade after you hit 30, you can still transcend time and reinvent yourself, " reads part of the show's preamble(开场白), conveying a clear message 24． the ageism facing women.
Some contestants spoke out about their attitude towards aging and age discrimination.
Wu Xin, 37, a hostess on the popular variety show Happy Camp, 25． (voice) her opinion, believing she's at the best age of her life. " I used to limit myself due to a narrow vision, and thus missed a lot of opportunities. 26． I get older, I've come to realize that I can do many things, so I decided 27． (seize) this chance to stretch myself, " she said.
While some people see the successfully staged show as a progression in challenging society's youth-obsessed pop culture, 28． remain doubtful and critical.
Some viewers reveal that their anxiety towards aging has gotten 29． (bad) after watching the show.
" My heart quivered as I heard 50-year-old Christy Chung say she still feels as young as 20 physically and would always be 18 at heart. The show actually points out the possibility 30． a woman's actual age is neither acceptable for the public nor for herself, " reads a Weibo post by Tang Shuang, a senior fashion editor of Vogue China.
【答案】21．featuring；22．who；23．Even though/Even if；24．against；25．voiced；26．As；27．to seize；28．others；29．worse；30．that
【知识点】新闻报道类；社会现象类；文娱体育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过芒果TV的综艺节目《乘风破浪的姐姐》来展现女艺人在真人秀中对抗年龄歧视，但却没有到达实际效果。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
21．句意：这是30岁以上选手参加的女子团体淘汰赛真人秀。根据句意"30岁以上选手参加"空白处需要非谓语构成非谓语短语作方式状语语， 可知空白处需要动词 feature 的现在分词featuring；故答案为featuring。
22．句意：该节目由30名经验丰富的女歌手、演员和主持人组成，她们都是1990年以前出生的。 根据句子结构空白处需要主语表示"这三十人"， 可知空白处需要非限制性定语从句的引导词who指人 ；故答案为who。
23．句意："即使在你30岁之后，生活中的一些可能性消失了，你仍然可以超越时间，重塑自我，"节目的序言部分写道，传达了反对女性面临的年龄歧视的明确信息。根据句意"即使在你30岁之后，生活中的一些可能性消失了，你仍然可以超越时间，重塑自我" 可知空白处需要让步状语从句的引导词Even though/Even if ；故答案为Even though/Even if。
24．句意："即使在你30岁之后，生活中的一些可能性消失了，你仍然可以超越时间，重塑自我，"节目的序言部分写道，传达了反对女性面临的年龄歧视的明确信息。根据标题Female Entertainers Fight Ageism in the Reality Show 女艺人在真人秀中对抗年龄歧视；可知 空白处需要介词against；故答案为against。
25．句意： 37岁的吴欣是人气综艺节目《快乐大本营》的主持人，她表达了自己的观点，认为自己正处于人生中最美好的年龄。根据句子结构分享空白处需要谓语动词，上下文时态要一致， 可知空白处需要动词voice 的过去式voiced ；故答案为voiced。
26．句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始意识到我可以做很多事情，所以我决定抓住这个机会来伸展自己。根据句意"随着年龄的增长" 可知空白处需要时间状语从句的引导词 As"随着……"；故答案为As。
27．句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始意识到我可以做很多事情，所以我决定抓住这个机会来伸展自己。根据固定搭配：decide to do决定做某事； 可知空白处需要动词seize 的不定式to seize ；故答案为to seize。
28．句意： 虽然有些人认为这场成功上演的演出是挑战社会上迷恋年轻人的流行文化的一种进步，但也有人持怀疑和批评态度。 根据固定搭配：some people……others/the other people 有些人...... 其他人……可知空白处需要代词others ；故答案为others。
29．句意：一些观众透露，看完这部秀后，他们对衰老的焦虑变得更加严重了。根据常识人们在把看秀前和看秀后对年龄的看法进行对比， 可知空白处需要形容词bad的比较级worse ；故答案为worse。
30．句意： 《Vogue》中国版高级时尚编辑唐爽在微博上写道:"这场秀实际上指出了一种可能性，即女性的实际年龄既不能被公众接受，也不能被自己接受。" 根据句子结构分析，空白处前后两个句子都不缺成分，也不缺少句子的含义， 可知空白处需要宾语同位语从句的引导词"that"，that引导同位语从句时没有具体含义；故答案为that。
四、选词填空
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 选词填空
A．politely B．deserving C．Strengthened D．hospitalization E. cases F. under-resourced G. unsurprising H. possibly I. reaching J. readopted K. unsustainable
Too many people believe that the pandemic is over, England's deputy chief medical officer, Prof Jonathan Van-Tam, warned this week: far from it. Europe is at its centre again, WHO has said, urging governments to continue with public health measures. But though Sajid Javid, England's health secretary, predicted last month that 31． here could hit 100, 000 a day, he remains unwilling to take action — even as the latest Real-time Assessment of Community Transmission (React) findings, for late October, show that about one in 58 people is tested positive — more than double September's levels. The indifference of Mr Javid and his boss, Boris Johnson, is 32． , given the government's record. (Last month's news report on its response stressed that it had " lacked speed in making timely decisions" : if put less 33． , it was far too late, far too often). But their attitude is doubtlessly 34． by a drop in recorded cases over the past week. Some experts think the drop may have to do with the growing immunity caused by high infection rates.
While vaccines (疫苗) (and now treatments) are decreasing 35． rates, current infection levels and breakthrough cases remind us that vaccines do not stop people from catching or spreading Covid, and reduce but do not eliminate the possibility of serious health problems such as long Covid.
The government is counting on boosters (疫苗加强剂), though it says its " plan B" — forced masking, vaccine passports and encouragement to work from home — will be introduced if the pressure on the National Health Service (NHS) is 36． . The British Medical Association believe that point arrived weeks ago. Queues of ambulances are the most visible indication of the pressures. The NHS went into the pandemic 37． and, more obviously at the current stage, short-staffed. The overall impact has been exhausting. Any further increase in Covid patients, already 38． more than 9, 500, would greatly weaken the ability to deal with the huge backlog (积压的工作).
Why take that risk Forced masking on public transport and in places such as supermarkets must be 39． . The government should introduce Covid passports for crowded venues. Third doses (针剂) must be made more accessible. Adopting these minimal measures now would save lives and protect the NHS, 40． preventing the need for more drastic action later.
【答案】31．E；32．G；33．A；34．C；35．D；36．K；37．F；38．I；39．J；40．H
【知识点】政治经济类；新闻报道类；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇2023年前世界共同抗击新冠疫情的报道。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句的逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
31．句意： 但是，尽管英国卫生部长萨吉德·贾维德上个月预测，这里的病例可能达到每天10万例，但他仍然不愿采取行动，即使最新的社区传播实时评估(React)结果显示，10月底，大约每58人中就有1人被检测出阳性，比9月份的水平高出一倍多。 根据宾语100, 000 a day 每天10万例， 可知空白处需要复数名词， 选项cases" 案例"符合题意；故答案为E。
32．句意： 考虑到政府的记录，贾维德和他的上司鲍里斯·约翰逊的冷漠并不令人惊讶。 根据下文it was far too late, far too often太迟了，太频繁了。可知空白处需要形容词表示"不奇怪，不令人吃惊"， 选项 unsurprising符合题意；故答案为G。
33．句意：（ 上个月关于其回应的新闻报道强调，它"在做出及时决定方面缺乏速度":如果不那么礼貌的话，为时已晚，太过频繁)。 根据上文"考虑到政府的记录，贾维德和他的上司鲍里斯·约翰逊的冷漠并不令人惊讶。" 可知括号内的内容在解释政府官员的态度，空白处需要表示态度的复数， 选项politely殷勤地，符合题意；故答案为A。
34．句意： 但他们的态度无疑是值得的，因为过去一周记录在案的病例有所下降。 根据"因为过去一周记录在案的病例有所下降" 可知空白处需要褒义的形容词， 选项deserving值得表扬的，符合题意；故答案为C。
35．句意： 虽然疫苗(以及现在的治疗方法)正在降低住院率，但目前的感染水平和突破性病例提醒我们，疫苗并不能阻止人们感染或传播Covid，也不能减少(但不能消除)长期Covid等严重健康问题的可能性。 根据句意空白处需要单数名词作定语， 可知名词表示"案例，住院病患" 选项hospitalization医院收容，符合题意；故答案为D。
36．句意： 尽管政府表示，如果对国民健康服务(NHS)的压力不能支持的，将引入强制口罩、疫苗护照和鼓励在家工作的"B计划"，但政府正指望着"助推器"。 根据"将引入强制口罩、疫苗护照和鼓励在家工作的"B计划"，但政府正指望着"助推器"" 可知空白处需要形容词表示"坚持不了的" 选项unsustainable不能支持的，符合题意；故答案为K。
37．句意： NHS在疫情爆发时资源不足，在目前阶段，更明显的是人手不足。 根据句意"更明显的是人手不足" 可知空白处需要形容词表示"……不足的" 选项under-resourced资源不足的， 符合题意；故答案为F。
38．句意： 新冠肺炎患者已经超过9500人，如果进一步增加，将大大削弱处理大量积压病例的能力。 根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语动词， 可知空白处需要"达到"， 选项 reaching到达，符合题意；故答案为 I。
39．句意： 为什么要冒这个险呢 在公共交通工具和超市等场所强制戴口罩的做法必须重新采用。 根据句子结构空白处需要过去副词表示被动， 可知空白处意思"采用，实施" 选项 readopted被重新采用，符合题意；故答案为 J。
40．句意： 现在采取这些最低限度的措施将挽救生命，保护NHS，可能避免以后采取更严厉的行动。 根据句子结构空白处需要副词， 可知表示"有可能，或许" 选项 possibly可能，或许；符合题意；故答案为H。
五、完形填空
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 完形填空
Southern long-finned pilot whales are marine mammals with a lot to say—and they may use vocalizations (发声) to outsmart a deadly enemy.
Cetaceans (鲸类动物) such as whales and dolphins communicate through sound to find food and mates, to navigate and to interact socially. Their vocalizations 41． between species and within communities. The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial noise such as sonar, but nobody had previously recorded them 42． other cetaceans' sounds. A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.
Researchers listened to 2, 028 vocalizations of long-finned pilot whales off the coast of Australia, the first time sounds from the species in this region have been 43． described. They were surprised to hear 19 instances of vocalizations that resembled those of orcas—the whales' oceanic 44． . " We found some calls that are, to the human ear, 45． to the killer whale calls in the same area, " says Christine Erbe, an expert in Marine Science and Technology.
Pilot whales and orcas, the two largest species of cetaceans, are often seen in the same 46． and are similar sizes, and both live in social groups. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are 47． their predators (猎食者) .
48． from orca stomachs shows they do occasionally eat pilot whales. But pilot whales can mob and chase orcas away, the only cetaceans seen 49． themselves from their predator in this way.
Mimicry could serve as an 50． defense: " One theory is that if they use similar sounds, they may not be recognized as prey, " Erbe says. Pilot whales hunting or eating orcas' food remainders might go 51． if they use orca-like calls. " This is all underwater, where light travels really poorly, " she adds. " So these animals 52． sound for detecting their prey and predators and for navigating. " Long-finned pilot whales have shown an ability to 53． between orca calls with different meanings.
Additional work would 54． whether mimicry is actually occurring. Researchers could pair their listening data with direct observations of the animals' interactions in the wild or perhaps even play orca sounds and watch the whales' 55． .
41．A．range B．vary C．rise D．drop
42．A．distracting B．separating C．forecasting D．matching
43．A．critically B．considerately
C．conveniently D．comprehensively
44．A．partner B．specie C．enemie D．mates
45．A．identical B．responsive C．contrary D．inferior
46．A．boundarie B．societie C．environment D．facilities
47．A．initially B．eventually C．potentially D．accidentally
48．A．Motion B．Emission C．Conclusion D．Evidence
49．A．splitting B．defending C．dismissing D．preventing
50．A．accessible B．additional C．accurate D．adequate
51．A．unnoticed B．uninterested C．untouched D．unarmed
52．A．apply to B．turn up C．rely on D．put out
53．A．pursue B．distinguish C．demonstrate D．struggle
54．A．claim B．calculate C．confirm D．clarify
55．A．reflection B．reception C．relation D．reactions
【答案】41．B；42．D；43．D；44．C；45．A；46．C；47．C；48．D；49．B；50．B；51．A；52．C；53．B；54．C；55．D
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了鲸目动物(如鲸鱼和海豚)通过声音交流来寻找食物和配偶，导航和社交互动。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意： 它们的叫声因物种和群落而异。 根据下文 The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial noise such as sonar, 这种动物可以模仿人造噪音， 可知它们是会变化自己的声音的， 选项 A：range范围， B：vary 变化，C：rise上升， D：drop下降， 可知选项vary符合题意；故答案为B。
42．句意：这种动物可以模仿人造噪音，比如声呐，但之前没有人记录过它们与其他鲸目动物的声音相匹配。根据下文 A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.然而，一项新的研究发现，在鲸类动物的音谱中存在重叠。可知空白处需要"匹配" 选项 A：distracting分心， B：separating分离， C：forecasting 预测，D：matching 匹配，可知选项matching符合题意；故答案为D。
43．句意： 研究人员在澳大利亚海岸听取了2028种长鳍领航鲸的声音，这是该地区首次对该物种的声音进行全面描述。 根据句意"研究人员在澳大利亚海岸听取了2028种长鳍领航鲸的声音" 可知这是非常全面的描述了， 选项 A：critically 批判地，B：considerately 考虑地，C：conveniently方便地， D：comprehensively 全面地，可知选项comprehensively符合题意；故答案为D。
44．句意：他们惊讶地发现，有19种声音与鲸鱼的海洋敌人逆戟鲸的声音相似。根据第七空 both live in social groups. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are 7 their predators (猎食者) .它们都生活在社会群体中。逆戟鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们……的天敌可知 选项 A：partner伙伴， B：specie物种， C：enemie敌人， D：mates 伙伴，可知选项enemie符合题意；故答案为C。
45．句意："我们发现，在人耳听来，一些叫声与虎鲸在同一区域的叫声完全相同，"海洋科学与技术专家克里斯汀·埃尔贝说。根据上文"他们惊讶地发现，有19种声音与鲸鱼的海洋敌人逆戟鲸的声音相似。" 可知人耳听来声音是一样的， 选项 A：identical 相同，B：responsive响应， C：contrary 相反，D：inferior劣质， 可知选项identical符合题意；故答案为A。
46．句意： 领航鲸和逆戟鲸是最大的两种鲸类动物，它们经常生活在相同的环境中，体型相似，而且都是群居的。 根据句意"它们经常生活在相同的……" 可知空白处需要"地方，环境" 选项 A：boundarie边界， B：societie 社会，C：environment 环境，D：facilities 设施，可知选项environment符合题意；故答案为C。
47．句意：逆戟鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们潜在的捕食者。根据句意"逆戟鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物" 可知它们二者彼此为可能的杀手； 选项 A：initially 最初，B：eventually 最终，C：potentially 潜在，D：accidentally偶然， 可知选项potentially符合题意；故答案为C 。
48．句意： 虎鲸胃里的证据表明，它们偶尔会吃领航鲸。 根据句意"它们偶尔会吃领航鲸" 可知它们胃里的东西就是最好的证据， 选项 A：Motion动作， B：Emission 排放，C：Conclusion 结论，D：Evidence证据， 可知选项Evidence符合题意；故答案为D。
49．句意：但领航鲸可以成群结队地驱赶逆戟鲸，这是唯一一种用这种方式保护自己免受捕食者攻击的鲸类动物。根据句意"领航鲸可以成群结队地驱赶逆戟鲸" 可知这是保护自己免受攻击的方式； 选项 A：splitting分裂， B：defending防御， C：dismissing解散 ，D：preventing阻止， 可知选项defending符合题意；故答案为B。
50．句意： 模仿可以作为一种额外的防御:"一种理论是，如果它们发出类似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物，"Erbe说。根据句意"一种理论是，如果它们发出类似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物" 可知模仿是它们额外习得的技能， 选项 A：accessible无障碍， B：additional额外， C：accurate 准确，D：adequat 充分，可知选项additional符合题意；故答案为B。
51．句意：领航鲸在捕猎或吃虎鲸的食物残渣时，如果使用类似虎鲸的叫声，可能不会被人注意到。 根据上文"如果它们发出类似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物" 可知空白处需要"不会被注意到" 选项 A：unnoticed未被注意的， B：uninterested不感兴趣的， C：untouched 未被触动的，D：unarmed手无寸铁的， 可知选项unnoticed符合题意；故答案为A。
52．句意： "所以这些动物依靠声音来探测猎物和捕食者，并进行导航。"根据句意"所以这些动物……声音来探测猎物和捕食者" 可知空白处需要"依靠，凭借，用" 选项 A：apply to 申请，B：turn up 出现，C：rely on 依靠，D：put out 扑灭（火焰），可知选项rely on符合题意；故答案为C。
53．句意：长鳍领航鲸表现出了区分不同含义的逆戟鲸叫声的能力。 根据句意"长鳍领航鲸表现出了……不同含义的逆戟鲸叫声的能力" 可知 空白处需要"区分，理解"选项 A：pursue 追求，B：distinguish 区分，C：demonstrate 展示，D：struggle奋斗， 可知选项distinguish符合题意；故答案为B。
54．句意： 进一步的工作将证实模仿是否真的发生。 根据下文"研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与动物在野外互动的直接观察相结合，或者甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的……" 可知空白处需要"确认，证实" 选项 A：claim 声明，B：calculate计算， C：confirm确认， D：clarify澄清， 可知选项confirm符合题意；故答案为C。
55．句意：研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与动物在野外互动的直接观察相结合，或者甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的反应。根据句意" 研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与动物在野外互动的直接观察相结合，或者甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的…… " 可知空白处需要"反应，回应" 选项 A：reflectio反射， B：receptio接受， C：relatio 关系，D：reactions 反应，可知选项reactions符合题意；故答案为D。
六、阅读理解
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 阅读理解
If you remember anything before the age of 3, your brain only puts together bits of reality that you've learned as you've grown up, according to a new research. In the largest study of its kind, researchers asked people about their earliest memory and at what age they believe it took place. They found that a surprising number of people claimed to remember things from their first years of life. But scientists agree that our brain isn't developed enough to keep memories until we're three years old, so researchers wanted to know why so many people insist they remember something before then.
Of 6, 641 participants, 37. 4 percent said they had their first memory before the age of 2. Of those, 893 said their first memories were from the period before they turned 1. Participants' answers were analyzed in terms of their age, language, the content of the memory and the nature of the memory.
" When we looked through the answers from participants, we found that a lot of these first ‘memories' were frequently related to infancy and a typical example would be a memory based around a baby carriage, " said Professor Martin Conway at City University of London.
This means that many of these " fictional" memories are only our minds mixing up what we know about babies and what we actually experienced as a baby. They also found that older people were more likely to report remembering a " fictional" early memory. Researchers couldn't determine why our brains do this but suggested it comes from a personal need to have a complete description of our lives. They added that a positive self-narrative can lead to a better life.
56．Why did the researchers conduct the study
A．They had doubt about a claim.
B．They wanted to test a new method.
C．They had to explain about an earlier study.
D．They needed more data to convince people.
57．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How the brain develops.
B．How the research was done.
C．How the participants behaved.
D．How researchers collected the data.
58．Who most probably has fake early memories according to the text
A．Babies aged 2. B．Old people.
C．The middle-aged. D．Teenagers.
59．What do the researchers think of the first memories
A．Reliable. B．Helpful. C．Positive. D．Fictional.
【答案】56．A
57．B
58．B
59．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；新闻报道类；社会现象类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。科学研究证实我们的大脑在三岁之前还没有发育到足以保存记忆的程度，人们尤其老年人回忆起"虚构的"早期记忆可能为了个人需求。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
56．细节理解题。根据 But scientists agree that our brain isn't developed enough to keep memories until we're three years old, so researchers wanted to know why so many people insist they remember something before then.但科学家们一致认为，我们的大脑在三岁之前还没有发育到足以保存记忆的程度，所以研究人员想知道为什么这么多人坚持认为他们在三岁之前就记住了一些东西。 可知选项They had doubt about a claim.符合题意；故答案为A。
57．主旨大意题。根据Of 6, 641 participants, 37. 4 percent said they had their first memory before the age of 2. Of those, 893 said their first memories were from the period before they turned 1. Participants' answers were analyzed in terms of their age, language, the content of the memory and the nature of the memory.在6641名参与者中，有37人。4%的人说他们在两岁之前就有了最初的记忆。其中，893人表示，他们最初的记忆来自1岁之前的时期。参与者的回答根据他们的年龄、语言、记忆的内容和记忆的性质进行了分析。 可知这是在叙述研究进行方式； 可知选项How the research was done.符合题意；故答案为B。
58．推理判断题。根据 They also found that older people were more likely to report remembering a " fictional" early memory.他们还发现，老年人更有可能回忆起"虚构的"早期记忆。可知选项Old people.符合题意；故答案为B。
59．推理判断题。根据This means that many of these " fictional" memories are only our minds mixing up what we know about babies and what we actually experienced as a baby. 这意味着许多这些"虚构"的记忆只是我们的大脑把我们对婴儿的了解和我们作为婴儿的实际经历混合在一起。 可知选项Fictional.符合题意；故答案为 D。
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 阅读理解
History Fair CompetitionUnderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun! This Year's Theme All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways. Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories: ·Performance ·Documentary ·Essay Writing Category Requirements Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period. Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23. Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2, 000 to 2, 500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included. Important Dates January 5Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear. February 5Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights. February 19A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. March 9Submit a final draft of your essay. March 15Performance and documentary committee preview March 24Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition 7:00 A．M. - 9:00A．M. Participants signing in at the gym 10:00 A．M. - 6:00P. M. Competition and judges' review 7:00 P. M. Awards ceremony
60．What is the theme of this year's competition
A．Technology advances science.
B．Science interacts with technology.
C．Science has made the study of history easy.
D．Technology has improved the life of Americans.
61．What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1, 500 words to meet the category requirement
A．Include more information in the essay.
B．Remove the references.
C．Provide a cover for the essay.
D．Explain the details with illustrations.
62．What will the committee of teachers do on February 19
A．Preview performances and documentaries.
B．Make comments on the materials.
C．Improve the participant's first draft.
D．Collect a second proposal from the participant.
【答案】60．C
61．A
62．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇宣传广告。介绍了桑顿中学历史公平竞赛活动的相关内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
60．细节理解题。根据 All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.所有参赛者必须阐述通信或交通技术在历史上如何提高了美国人的生活质量。可知选项Technology has improved the life of Americans.符合题意；故答案为 C。
61．推理判断题。根据Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2, 000 to 2, 500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included. 论文写作:一篇2000到2500字的学术论文。不允许插图。请不要包括保险。必须包括参考书目。 可知选项Include more information in the essay.符合题意；故答案为A。
62．细节理解题。根据 February 19A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. 2月19日教师委员会将对材料进行评估并提出意见。然后学生们就有机会改进他们的产品。可知选项Make comments on the materials.符合题意；故答案为 B。
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 阅读理解
Every year millions of breeding monarch butterflies in the U. S. and southern Canada search for milkweed plants on which to lay their eggs. Concern over shrinking habitat （居住地）has urged conservationists to create monarch-friendly spaces along roadsides, which are more than enough within the butterflies range and usually publicly owned. But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out, a new study finds. They eventually do become desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on, too.
Noise pollution is known to affect the lives of birds, whales and other creatures. But until recently, scientists had never tested whether it leads to a stress response in insects. When Andy Davis, a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by, he wondered how the constant noise might affect them. Davis built a custom caterpillar heart monitor, fitting a small sensor into a microscope to precisely measure monarch caterpillars' heart rates as they listened to recordings of traffic sounds in the laboratory.
The hearts of caterpillars exposed to highway noise for two hours beat 17 percent faster than those of caterpillars in a silent room. But the heart rates of the noise-exposed group returned to baseline levels after hearing the traffic sounds nonstop for their entire 12-day development period, Davis and his colleagues reported in May in Biology Letters.
This desensitization could be problematic when the caterpillars become adults, Davis says. A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico, as they narrowly escape predators（捕食者）and fight wind currents.
Whether a noisy developmental period reduces monarchs' survival rates remains unknown, notes Ryan Norris, an ecologist at the University of Guelph in Ontario, who was not involved in the study. But in any case, he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies' death rates as a result of crashes with cars. " There is so much potential road habitat for monarchs and other insects一it would be such a nice thing to capitalize on, " Norris says. " But you just can't get around the traffic. " Davis adds: " I think roads and monarchs just don't mix. "
63．By " They eventually do become desensitized to it" , the writer means that.
A．monarch caterpillars react less strongly to noise
B．monarch caterpillars are stressed out by road noise
C．conservationists are worried about butterflies habitat
D．conservationists no longer create monarch-friendly spaces
64．What inspired Andy Davis to explore the effect of noise on monarch caterpillars
A．There had been little research on monarch caterpillars.
B．Videos showed cars crashed into monarch caterpillars.
C．There was no such record of monarch caterpillars' heart rates.
D．He found that monarch caterpillars shook with cars moving by.
65．According to Andy Davis, how will exposure to noise influence monarch butterflies
A．They are likely to need more time to develop.
B．They are likely to lose their way on their journey.
C．They are more likely to be killed in their migration.
D．They are more likely to die before they become adults.
66．What is Ryan Norris most likely to agree with
A．Monarchs5 survival rates are decreasing each year.
B．It is not recommended that roadside habitat be built for insects.
C．More capital is needed to study monarchs developmental period.
D．Butterflies' rising death rates have nothing to do with moving cars.
【答案】63．A
64．D
65．C
66．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；环境保护类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。研究了处于交通噪声中的黑脉金斑蝶死亡率可能会大大上升。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
63．细节理解题。根据 But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out, a new study finds. They eventually do become
desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on, too. 但一项新的研究发现，交通噪音会使帝王蝶毛虫筋疲力尽。他们最终会变得对它不敏感——但这也可能给他们以后带来麻烦。可知选项monarch caterpillars react less strongly to noise符合题意；故答案为A。
64．推理判断题。根据 When Andy Davis, a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by, he wondered how the constant noise might affect them. 当乔治亚大学的保护生理学家安迪·戴维斯注意到路边的帝王蝶毛虫在汽车经过时明显颤抖的在线视频时，他想知道持续的噪音会如何影响它们。可知选项He found that monarch caterpillars shook with cars moving by.符合题意；故答案为 D。
65．推理判断题。根据 A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico, as they narrowly escape predators（捕食者）and fight wind currents. 在长达两个月的墨西哥越冬之旅中，快速的应激反应对黑脉金斑蝶来说至关重要，因为它们要惊险地逃脱捕食者，并与气流作斗争。可知选项They are more likely to be killed in their migration.符合题意；故答案为C。
66．推理判断题。根据 But in any case, he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies' death rates as a result of crashes with cars. 但无论如何，他认为路边的栖息地几乎肯定会提高蝴蝶的死亡率，因为它们与汽车相撞。 可知选项 It is not recommended that roadside habitat be built for insects.符合题意；故答案为 B。
七、任务型阅读
（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 任务型阅读
Many people drink protein shakes (高蛋白饮品) regularly to lose weight, build muscle or both. Others, however, question the belief that protein shakes are better than normal, high-protein foods. So what is the truth
What is in a protein shake
Protein shakes are dietary supplements (膳食补充品) designed to help people consume more protein than they otherwise would. 67． Or people can mix their own shakes using protein powder and other ingredients. Protein powder can be made from plants or animals. Plant-based protein shakes can include soy, pea or rice protein. Animal-based protein powders are usually made from cow's milk. Those who want to stay away from milk can also get protein powder made from egg whites.
Advantages of protein shakes
Studies indicate that consuming protein shakes is helpful if you want to build your muscle. They can also help to improve your performance while exercising and help you to recover from exercise. 68．
Consuming protein shakes can also help you lose weight. Eating a high-protein diet helps you feel full, so it's easier to resist eating too much. High-protein diets can also increase how quickly your body burns energy. When you use more energy than you take in through food, you lose weight. 69．
Disadvantages of protein shakes
However, you don't have to drink protein shakes to have a high-protein diet. Many wholefoods are rich in protein. As a matter of fact, the people in many high-protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods. 70． In contrast, many protein shakes contain sugar or artificial sweeteners, which are not healthy.
To sum up
So yes, protein shakes are convenient, and they work. However, they are not your only choice for eating a high-protein diet.
A．And if you're losing weight, protein shakes can help make sure that you don't lose muscle.
B．Protein shakes can also help people to manage their figures, especially their weight.
C．Moreover, these foods contain other nutrients in addition to protein.
D．Therefore, it is unnecessary to take protein shakes unless it is a must.
E．Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks.
F．And high-protein diets have also been linked to the loss of fat.
【答案】67．E；68．A；69．F；70．C
【知识点】说明文；日常生活类；科普类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。详细介绍了蛋白奶昔的成分，好处和坏处。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于六选四，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
67．根据下文 Or people can mix their own shakes using protein powder and other ingredients. 或者人们可以用蛋白粉和其他成分混合调成自己的奶昔。可知空白处需要"蛋白奶昔可以是现成的" 选项E．Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks. 蛋白质奶昔可以是现成的饮料。符合题意；故答案为E。
68．根据标题Advantages of protein shakes蛋白奶昔的优点；可知空白处需要"蛋白奶昔可以确保你不会失去肌肉" 选项A．And if you're losing weight, protein shakes can help make sure that you don't lose muscle.如果你正在减肥，蛋白奶昔可以确保你不会失去肌肉。符合题意；故答案为A。
69．根据上文 High-protein diets can also increase how quickly your body burns energy. When you use more energy than you take in through food, you lose weight. 高蛋白饮食也能加快身体燃烧能量的速度。当你消耗的能量超过你通过食物摄入的能量时，你就会减肥。 可知空白处需要"有高蛋白的摄入，可以减少脂肪的摄入" 选项 F．And high-protein diets have also been linked to the loss of fat. 高蛋白饮食也与脂肪的减少有关。符合题意；故答案为F。
70．根据上文As a matter of fact, the people in many high-protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods. 事实上，在许多高蛋白饮食研究中，人们不喝蛋白奶昔。这些研究证明了吃富含蛋白质的食物的好处。可知这些食物营养全面而不单一； 选项C．Moreover, these foods contain other nutrients in addition to protein.此外，除了蛋白质，这些食物还含有其他营养物质。 符合题意；故答案为C。
八、书面表达
71．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 概要写作
Much research has been conducted about why humans laugh and what they laugh at—not only by psychologists, but also by philosophers, for the study of laughter crosses many disciplines. So, why do we laugh
The general belief is that humans laugh as a social bonding mechanism. Studies have shown that humans are over 30 times more likely to laugh with others than alone. Even " laughing gas" works more effectively on a group of people than on a single person. We all know that laughter can be very infectious.
Some researchers believe that laughter in humans was born out of the relief our ancestors felt after danger had passed. If smiling in humans is considered an extension of the " fear" face in primates (灵长类动物), then laughter is a signal that the fear has gone. When we laugh, our " fight or flight" reaction to danger is temporarily switched off, further indicating that we now feel relaxed. So laughter is a way of discharging stress and anxiety.
Although laughter is universal, people don't always laugh at the same things, and what people find funny often changes as they get older. Children find a lot to laugh about, as they are encountering so many things for the first time, which offers constant surprises. Teenagers often like jokes that adults find annoying, while adults often laugh at jokes about funny things in their own everyday lives. Furthermore, because a lot of our humor comes from a shared cultural background, countless jokes don't cross language and cultural barriers, with the result that what's funny in Australia may well not be in Austria.
Regardless of what different people find funny, people ought to laugh as much as they can. While we're laughing, we increase the killer cells that destroy viruses. So, the next time someone tells you they nearly died laughing, tell them it's far from the truth!
【答案】It's believed that people laugh to get each other closer, and are more likely to laugh within a group. Laugher is also considered a way to fight stress and anxiety. However, people may laugh at different things, which change with age and vary from culture to culture. Anyway, laughter does good to our health so we need to laugh more.
【知识点】文字式说明文；概要写作；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文为概要写作，要求阅读文章，并用不超过60个单词的篇幅概括文章的大意和要点，尽量用自己的语言书写。写作时，首先扫视材料，弄清文章题材和体裁，再根据文章内容，快速获取文章大意，解题前，需要准确把握阅读材料的主要内容，并形成概要的基本框架。扫视本文材料后可知这是一篇是关于笑的说明文，框架为：笑是很有感染力的；笑是一种释放压力和焦虑的方式；但是不同的人（年龄，文化，民族）笑点是不一样的，不管你是什么样的人都应该多笑。得出框架后需要用自己的话串联起来，注意把握字数。
【点评】概要写作时需要根据框架写作，注意要点齐全，上下文连贯，可使用一定数量的句式结构，并运用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高文章的档次。例如，It's believed that people laugh to get each other closer, and are more likely to laugh within a group.，使用省略that的主语从句， and引导的并列句， 以及主语从句中又包含了不定式作目的状语。高级词汇如consider（认为）， change with age and vary from culture to culture（随着年龄的增长而变化，因文化而异）。
九、翻译
72．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 她们中谁可能当过排球教练？(may) （汉译英）
【答案】Who may have been a volleyball coach among them
【知识点】现在完成时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据" 她们中"among them，"排球教练"a volleyball coach，"可能"may，"谁当过"要用现在完成时；可知要用Who has been a …；故答案为Who may have been a volleyball coach among them
【点评】考查汉译英。现在完成时的特殊疑问句：Who has been a … 谁当过……？
73．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 这张照片使我想起了我们在夏令营里度过的日子。（remind）（汉译英）
【答案】The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.
【知识点】一般现在时；关系代词引导定语从句的用法；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据" 这张照片"the photo ，"使我想起了"remind me of， "在夏令营里"in the summer camp，"度过日子"spend time，再根据汉语意思" 我们度过的日子 "应该修饰限制"日子" 可知这是一个限制性定语从句：the days we spent；整句的时态可用一般现在时表示目前的事实； 故答案为The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意限制性定语从句的用法" 我们度过的日子 "the days we spent。
74．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 昨晚有许多人等在剧院前想一睹那位歌星的风采。 (there be ) (汉译英)
【答案】There were a lot of people waiting in front of the theatre yesterday evening to have a glance at the star singer.
【知识点】分词；there be结构；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】根据" 昨晚"yesterday evening，"许多人" a lot of people，"在剧院前" in front of the theatre，"等待去做"wait to do，"一睹" have a glance at，"那位歌星"the star singer，再根据要求句子结构为"there be" 可知要用一般过去时态：There were 复数名词+状语的结构； 故答案为There were a lot of people waiting in front of the theatre yesterday evening to have a glance at the star singer.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意there be句子结构的时态。
75．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 每逢节假日，我们都会去郊区露营，为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。(so that)(汉译英)
【答案】(During)every holiday/ (On) every holiday, we always go/will go camping in the suburbs so that we can enjoy a leisurely comfortable/relaxing and comfortable life.
【知识点】一般现在时；目的状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据 " 每逢节假日"(During)every holiday/ (On) every holiday,"都会"always/often，"去露营"go camping，"去郊区" in the suburbs，"为的就是" so that/in order that，"享受"enjoy sth，"悠闲惬意的生活" a leisurely comfortable/relaxing and comfortable life；再根据汉语意思，可知这是作者一家的经常行为，句子要用一般这是时； 故答案为(During)every holiday/ (On) every holiday, we always go/will go camping in the suburbs so that we can enjoy a leisurely comfortable/relaxing and comfortable life.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意表示经常的行为要用一般现在时。
十、书面表达
76．（2023高三下·上海市开学考） 当今社会，短视频已成为高中生获取信息的渠道之一，日前，某网站对某地高中生使用短视频的现状作了调查，结果如下:
获取短视频内容的类型 受访者平均使用时间占比（该内容浏览时间/总浏览时间）
辅助学习类 48%
娱乐休闲类 31%
生活技能类 12%
其他 9%
请简单描述该图表，并结合自身或他人情况，谈谈你的看法。
（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）
【答案】A survey conducted by a website is aimed at figuring out the situation about high school students' use of short videos as a channel for gaining information. As is clearly shown in the table, about 48% of their total screen time has been spent on contents that are of benefit to their study while time distributed to videos related to entertainment and leisure accounts for 31%. In addition, 12% of their time is taken up by watching videos concerning some important life skills. And 9% is spent on random contents.
As far as I am concerned, it is the advances of the Internet that make it accessible for students to help with their study, relieve themselves of stress and improve their knowledge of life skills through short videos. Thus, it is no wonder that a large proportion of their time is spent on short videos. I am sure that this trend will continue and last forever.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文报道。要求考生以" 某地高中生使用短视频的现状 "为主题写一篇英语报道。写作要点已经由表格给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：引入：日前，某网站对某地高中生使用短视频的现状作了调查，结果如下；
第二段：正文:；获取短视频内容的类型：辅助学习类占看视频内容的时间为48%；其次娱乐休闲类占看视频内容的时间为31%；生活技能类占看视频内容的时间为12%；其他占看视频内容的时间为9%；
第三段：自己的看法。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇 accounts for ， random contents. 和固定短语 is aimed at ， As is clearly shown in the table ，As far as I am concerned, it is the advances of the Internet that make it accessible for students to help ，提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
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