Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 语法讲练 (无答案)

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名称 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 语法讲练 (无答案)
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更新时间 2023-08-26 09:06:20

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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 语法精讲精练
一、一般现在时的被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
翻译:他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)_____________________________________
这扇门被他打开了。(被动语态)___________________________________
(一) 一般现在时被动语态的构成。
动作的承受者作句子的主语,动作的执行者置于句末,用by连接,也可省略,谓语部分由_________________________构成,因此一般现在时被动语态的基本结构为____________________________________________________________
(二)一般现在时被动语态的句型变化:
肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+(by+动作的执行者) 茶树被种植在山坡上。 _____________________________________________________
否定句 __________________________________________________ 我们的教室没有打扫。 _____________________________________________________
一般疑问句 __________________________________________________ 你的T恤衫是由棉花制成的吗? _____________________________________________________
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(不作主语)+be+主语+过去分词+(by+动作的执行者) 这架飞机模型是由什么制成的? _____________________________________________________
特殊疑问词(不作主语)+be+过去分词+(by+动作的执行者) 哪个是你做的? _____________________________________________________
(三)、被动语态的用法:
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
翻译:这座桥是去年建造的。___________________________________________
2、 当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。 
翻译:老虎被他杀死了。________________________________________________
当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。如:
翻译:窗户被风吹开了。________________________________________________
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
翻译:据说露茜已经走了。___________________________________________________
 其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有
It is reported that…据报道 It is said that…据说 It is believed that…大家相信 It is suggested that…有人建议
(四)、运用被动语态时要注意的情况。
(1) there be没有被动语态。 (2) 不及物动词没有被动语态。
(3) 动词短语变为被动语态时应视为一个整体,不能随意拆开或省略。
The doctor look over the patient carefully(变为被动语态)____________________
(4) 主动句中宾语为反身代词时,不能变为被动语态。
翻译:他自学英语___________________________________________.
(5) 使役动词(let, make等)和感官动词(see, hear, watch等)在主动语态中用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动语态时,to不能省略。
I heard Lin Tao sing English songs.(变为被动语态)________________________
(五)、主动语态变为被动语态.
(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:
注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。 Tom killed him. → _________________________________(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 
They held a meeting yesterday. → __________________________________________ 
(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。
注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。
He sang a song. → __________________________________________
(六)、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)
 1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)
翻译:学生们每天都打扫教室。__________________________________________________________________
 2.一般过去时(was/ were +done)
翻译: 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。_________________________________________________________________
 3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
翻译: 明年要修一条新马路。__________________________________________________________________
 4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
 5.现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
(七)、含情态动词的被动语态的结构为:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。
翻译:今天你的家庭作业必须完成。_____________________________________________________________________
注意:被动语态口诀:找到宾语变主语/be动词在后面补/ 过去分词紧跟上/by加主语可有无/ 介宾介词不可省/ 有些动词还原to。
二、辨析be made of/ be made from/ be made by/ be made in
be made of 该短语表示“某物由……制造而成”(从制成品中可以看出原材料)。 我的t恤衫是棉质的。 _________________________________________________
be made from 该短语也表示“某物由……制造而成”(从制成品中一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料)。 纸是由木头制作而成。 _________________________________________________
be made by 该短语表示“某物由某个人或集体制造而成”,其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者。 这个模型飞机是我们爸爸做的。 _________________________________________________
be made in 该短语表示“某物由某地制造”。 这台电脑是由日本生产的。 _________________________________________________
练习:( )Books are made_________paper while paper is mainly made_________wood.
A. of; of B. from; from C. of; from D. from; of
三、辨析be famous for/ be famous as/ be famous to.
be famous for “因…而出名”,后接出名的原因。 成龙因他的动作片而闻名。 _______________________________________________________
be famous as “作为…而出名”,后接表示身份或地位等的名词。 成龙作为一名演员而闻名。 _______________________________________________________
be famous to “对…而言是著名的”,后接表示范围的名词。 成龙世界闻名。 _______________________________________________________
练习:Dandong is a beautiful city, it’s famous ______________ its rice and seafood.
被动语态专项练习:
一、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge_____________________(build)in two months.
2.Which language _____________the most widely______________(speak)in the world?
3.Last year a large number of trees______________(cut)down.
4. The students _____________ often ______________ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
5. The old man is ill. He _________________________ (must send) to the hospital.
6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_______________________ (sell) in this shop.
7.What _________ knives ___________ (make) of They___________________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
8. Can the magazine ___________________ (take) out of the library
9. The room _______________________ (clean) by me every day.
10. The stars can’t _______________________ (see) in the daytime.
11. Some flowers __________________________ (water) by Li Ming already.
12. This kind of shoes _______________________ (sell) well.
13. How long ______________ your uncle ______________(be) in the city
二、按要求改写下列句子.。
1.Is tea grown in South China?(改为主动语态) _____________ people _______________ tea in South China?
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year.(同义句转换)
A birthday present _____________ ____________ __________ ___________by my parents every year.
3. The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)
How___________ _____________ the work going to be finished
4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)
An English song ___________ ___________ ___________ by the children.
5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态) It ___________ ____________ ___________ by you now.
6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)
Metal _____________ ______________ _______________making machines.
7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I ____________ _____________ _____________ ______________ that for him.
8. They are watching the football match.
The football match ____________ ___________ _________ by them.
Did they build a bridge here a year ago (改为被动语态)
__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago
10. They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)
The light green dresses _____________ _____________ _____________ out.
11. We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game __________ ___________ “Lianliankan” by us.
三、把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday. _______________________________________
2. He told me that he would come back soon. ___________________________
3. Do you water your flowers every day __________________________________
4. The wind blew down the big tree last night. _____________________________
5. They would not take him to Beijing. ____________________________
6. Nobody knew me in this town at that time. ________________________________
四、【妙辨异同】find, find out与look for的辨析
find 意为“找到”, 强调寻找的结果。还可以作“发现, 碰到”解, 多指偶然发现, 后接名词、复合结构或that从句
find out 意为“了解, 查明, 弄清楚, 找到”等, 指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相、实情, 调查找出原因, 或发现秘密、错误等; 一般接名词、代词或从句
look for 意为“寻找”, 强调寻找的动作.
( ) The teacher wants to__________ who didn’t finish the homework.
A. look for B. find C. find out D. look at
五、写出下列country和people的单词。
Country:中国 韩国
泰国 美国
法国 德国
英国 加拿大
People: 中国人 韩国人
泰国人 国人
法国人 德国人
英国人 加拿大人