Period 6 Extended reading & Other parts—Language points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We had a good holiday in the c of our good friends.
2．Living in the countryside is the happiest (时光) in my life.
3．Fortunately，the family managed to e from their burning house.
4．Unless some (额外的) money is found，the theater will be closed.
5．We (寻找) an answer to the question，but we couldn’t make it.
6．The woman is looking for some goods of high (质量) on the Internet.
7．The doctors have already taken various m to stop this disease from spreading.
8．You’d better give us a (全面的) explanation in case of being misunderstood.
9．A class meeting whose t is “How to be an efficient English learner” is scheduled to be held this evening.
10．Personally，online learning (使受益) me a lot because so many learning materials are available.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1．He to pass the exam. In my opinion，it was his carelessness that caused his .(fail)
2．Whenever I felt upset，my best friend would come to me，which made me feel ，safe and a sense of belonging.(comfort)
3．As soon as we saw the works in the gallery，we showed our heartfelt to the artists for their skills.(admire)
4．It is well that the city has changed beyond with the development of its economy.(recognize)
5．Learning that many people in the earthquake，we are to donate some money for the families of the .(die)
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．友谊是我们可以享受的最大乐趣之一。(that引导定语从句)
Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures .
2．真正的朋友是那些永远跟我们患难与共的人。(who引导定语从句)
Real friends are those .
3．他们可以帮助我们实现我们所追求的目标。(what引导宾语从句)
They can help us achieve .
4．我们经常觉得很难交到真正的朋友，这是因为我们要求太多了。(it作形式宾语)
，which is because we demand too much.
5．一旦我们了解了朋友的真正含义，享受他们的陪伴会很舒服。(it作形式主语)
Once we know the true meaning of friend，
.
respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面，细节 (respectable adj.可敬的，体面的 respectful adj.恭敬的；表示敬意的 respective adj.分别的，各自的)
respect sb for sth 因某事而尊敬某人 have/show respect for sb 尊敬某人 give/send one’s respects to...代某人向……问候 in many/all respects在许多方面/在各个方面 in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言
(1)Both Steve and his wife are very successful in their (respect) careers.
(2)There are many people around us， whom we should show respect or to whom we should be .(用respect的正确形式或适当的词填空)
(3)这位科学家在人们生活的许多方面都做出了巨大贡献。
The scientist has made great contributions .
(4)到家后请代我向你的父母问好。
when you arrive home.
get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get across被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 get away (from) (从……)脱离；逃脱(……) get along/on with与……相处 get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事 get through完成；接通电话；通过
用get的相关短语填空
(1)We attempted to the fierce bear but in vain.
(2)Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we picking oranges.
(3)I would appreciate it if you could tell me how to well with others.
(4)It was strange that I spoke slowly but my meaning didn’t to students.
(5)I rang the witness several times this morning but could not to him.
(6)After all difficulties，we completed the project smoothly on schedule.
bring out 使显现，使表现出
bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐 bring in引进；获利；赚钱 bring about引起；导致 bring down使倒下；减少；降低 bring back把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
用bring的相关短语填空
(1)We admire the Smiths for the way they their children.
(2)The picture often to me many happy memories of my school days.
(3)A good teacher can always the fullest potential of his or her students.
(4)For the benefit of the citizens，the government has taken measures to the house prices.
measure vt.估量，判定；测量 n．措施；衡量
measure...by...用……衡量…… be measured by/in...用……来计算/衡量 take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事 make...to one’s measure根据某人的尺寸做…… in full measure最大限度地
(1)It is said that the tallest tree in the world (measure) 156 meters high.
(2)Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes his own measure.
(3)人们普遍认为，教育不应该只以考试成绩来衡量。
It’s generally recognized that .
(4)是时候采取措施防止空气被污染了。
It is high time that .
注意 measure表示“测量长、高或宽时”是连系动词，无被动语态。
escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱
escape from从……逃脱/逃跑 escape＋n./doing sth 逃避(做)某事 sth escape(s) sb 某物被某人遗忘 a narrow escape 九死一生
(1)When the bomb exploded，he luckily escaped (kill)．
(2)To their relief，the trapped students narrowly escaped the shaking building.
(3)昨天我遇到了我以前的一个同学，但是我记不起他的名字了。
I came across one of my former classmates yesterday， .
(4)当一辆车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。
when a car crashed into their car.
benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 (beneficial adj.有益的)
be of benefit to...对……有益的 for the benefit of...为了……的利益 benefit from...从……中受益 benefit sb 使某人获益 be beneficial to...对……有益
(1) the benefit of humans，immediate measures should be taken to protect the environment.
(2)Challenging as the activity was，the participants benefited a lot it.
→Challenging as the activity was， .
(3)一个和谐的家庭对于孩子的个人发展是有益的。
①A harmonious family .(beneficial)
②A harmonious family .(benefit)
failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障 (fail v．失败)
a failure一个失败的人；一件失败的事 fail to do sth 没能做某事，未能成功 fail in sth失败，没有通过
(1)We admire his great success in his career，but as a father，he is a (fail)．
(2)He failed (smooth) out the difficulties and finally gave up his original plan.
(3)俗话说，失败是成功之母。坚持你的梦想，你最终一定会成功。
.Stick to your dream and you are bound to succeed in the end.
take on 呈现，具有(特征、外观等)；雇用
take off 起飞；脱下；(突然)开始成功 take over 接收，接管，取代 take in 吸收；理解；欺骗 take up 从事；占据；继续
(1)用take短语的正确形式完成语段
After the firm from his father，Tom some advanced ideas and ___________ some experienced and hard-working workers，which suggested that his firm would ________________ soon.Tom held the strong belief that his firm would a new look in the near future.
(2)我个人认为，智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康也有很大的危害。
Personally speaking， ，but also do great harm to our health.
recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 (recognition n．承认；认出)
recognize sb/sth as/to be...认为某人/某物是…… It is recognized that...人们公认…… beyond recognition认不出来
(1)The hard-working student was eager for her teacher’s (recognize)．
(2)阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦被公认为20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。(应用文写作之人物介绍)
①Albert Einstein one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.
② Albert Einstein is one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.
(3)我的家乡变化太大，以至于都认不出来了。
My hometown had changed so much that .
it 作形式宾语
教材原句 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
我们经常发现认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。(P39)
句中it作find 的形式宾语，不定式短语 to recognize other people’s weaknesses作真正的宾语，形容词easier作宾补。 句型的基本结构：主语＋谓语＋it 作形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。 常用于以上结构的动词有make，feel，think，find，consider等。 宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词，真正的宾语可以是不定式短语、动名词或从句。
(1)I found indeed interesting to talk with foreigners in English.
(2)The heavy rain makes it impossible for me (reach) my office on time.
(3)He thinks it of great importance he should make efforts to improve his English.
(4)每周和父母在网上聊一次天成了我的习惯。
I on the Internet once a week.
Ⅰ.一词多义
crowd A.n.人群，观众 B.v.挤满，塞满 C.v.聚集，涌进
1．Thousands of people have crowded into the small town to make a fortune.
2．When the performance ended，the crowd erupted into cheers.
3．When he saw the picture，memories from high school crowded his mind.
take on A.承担 B.呈现 C.雇用
4．Now the countryside is taking on a new look day by day.
5．He is willing to take on the challenging task on behalf of the whole team.
6．Our factory will take on twenty more workers to expand its production.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．What he said made me recognize how silly I was.
2．She looks familiar，but her name escapes me somehow.
3．We heard that the engine failure accounted for the car crash.
4．I’m confident we’ll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other’s company.Unit 3 Getting along with others
Period 1
读前清障
Ⅰ.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.F 5.D 6.E 7.H 8.G
Ⅱ.1.make it 2.out of my sight 3.in any case 4.hang out
5．at a loss
精读课文
Step 1
Ⅰ.D
Ⅱ.ask for help give advice
Step 2
Ⅰ.1.A 2.A
3．(1)happy (2)worried (3)shocked and angry (4)so angry (5)confused
4．D
Ⅱ.1.(1)saving (2)rethink (3)have a talk
2．If one’s friend ignores her/his feelings or makes her/him suffer.
3．It means “give up”． 4.A 5.C
Step 4
1．best 2.doing 3.to go 4.it 5.what 6.chatting 7.a 8.angry 9.frankly 10.friendship
Step 5
1．主从复合 时间状语 定语 主语 那时，我是个拘谨的小学生，而她这个备受欢迎的女孩愿意和我做朋友。
2．主从复合 主语 谓语 宾语 定语 宾语 但早晨我朋友在社交媒体上发了一条消息，说她感冒了。
3．并列 宾语 茫然 这种情况带来的压力让我难受死了，我不知道接下来该怎么办。
4．并列 形式主语 真正的主语 宾语 放手固然令人伤感，但你必须接受这点——生命中，朋友就是有聚有散。
Period 2
基础知识巩固
Ⅰ.1.ignore 2.judge 3.recovered 4.generous 5.original 6．horrible 7.definitely 8.contact 9.chatting 10．awkward
Ⅱ.1.exploded；explosion 2.Judging；judge；judg(e)ment 3．ignorant；to ignore；ignorance 4.apologize；apology 5．behaved；behavio(u)r
Ⅲ.1.asking me how to deal with a tough problem
2．with whom she often hangs out
3．She was so angry that
4．whether she should firstly talk with her friend or wait for her to make an apology
5．it’s time for them to have a talk with each other
核心考点突破
1．(1)①at the sight of ②lost sight of ③caught sight of
④came into sight (2)girls are more likely to believe falling in love at first sight
2．(1)judg(e)ment (2)by/from (3)Judging from/by his thick accent (4)As far as I can judge/In my judg(e)ment
3．(1)for (2)apology (3)①apologize to her friend ②make an apology to her friend
4．(1)behaviour (2)you (should) behave yourself As a well-behaved guest
5．(1)As (2)where In that case (3)In no case should you miss the opportunity (4)in case of the rain/in case it rains
6．(1)let down (2)let go of (3)let alone (4)let out (5)letting in
7．(1)sufferers；suffering；sufferings (2)suffered great losses (3)but it is the suffering that makes us stronger
8．(1)with (2)stayed/kept in contact with lost contact get into/make contact with (3)please contact Li Hua at 123456543@
9．(1)whether (2)or (3)Whether you stay or not
(4)whether this accident happened by accident or by design
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.E 8.A 9.C
Ⅱ.1.箱子，容器 2.原创作品；原版；真迹 3.重新找到
Period 3
语法感悟
定语从句 先行词＋关系词＋定语从句 ①
④和⑤ ③和⑦ ⑥ that ②
达标检测
1．that/which 2.who/that 3.that/which 4.that/which 5．that 6.whose 7.which 8.who
Period 4
细读文本
Activity 1
1．C 2.D 3.D
Activity 2
the date Dear Diary
Activity 3
1．It also left me thinking about what it really means to be a “good friend”．
2．I must respect and support the choices he makes.
3．I should also encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties.
4．I’m sure that Tim would do the same for me.
5．I’ll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops.
写作实践
第二步 遣词造句
核心词汇
1．apologize to sb 2.let go of our friendship 3.point out 4．in the wrong 5.encourage sb to do sth 6.forgive
连词成句
1．apologize to my friend for 2.let go of our friendship 3．In my opinion 4.The qualities are very important
第三步 句式升级
1．I want to apologize to my friend for quarrelling with her because I don’t want to let go of our friendship.
2．In my opinion，my friend has many good qualities which/that are very important between friends.
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20 JanuarySunny
Dear Diary，
I want to apologize to my friend for quarrelling with her because I don’t want to let go of our friendship.In my opinion，my friend has many good qualities which are very important between friends.
My friend is honest.She pointed out what I had done wrong.The friendship makes me a better person.So，I was in the wrong.I shouldn’t quarrel with her.In addition，my friend is supportive，and she always encourages me to get over difficulties.
In a word，I do hope my friend will forgive me.I believe our friendship will grow stronger.
Period 5
读前清障
Ⅰ.1.E 2.D 3.F 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.H 8.G
Ⅱ.1.lead to 2.took on 3.in full measure 4.smoothed out 5．is meant to
精读课文
Step 1
Ⅰ.D
Ⅱ.1.E 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.F 6.A
Step 2
Ⅰ.1.to be alone close friendships 2.Quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 3.Close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
Ⅱ.B
Ⅲ.1.Because happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved.
2．Because they both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness.
3．D 4.D
Ⅳ.1.By carefully choosing friends and developing friendship.
2．A
Ⅴ.1.A 2.A
Step 4
1．(to) smooth 2.are meant 3.benefits 4.whom 5．failure 6.on 7.that 8.ourselves 9.better 10.trusted
Step 5
1．主从复合 定语从句 状语 消除(问题)，克服(困难) 注定要做某事，应做某事 更多的时候，亲密的友谊将有助于铺平有时我们都注定要走的崎岖之路。
2．主从复合 原因状语从句 定语从句 由于我们生活在社会群体中，我们可以享受友谊的许多好处。
3．主从复合 主系表 定语从句 主语 友谊的第一个成果是与朋友分享我们的喜悦、悲伤、成功和失败所带来的和平。
4．简单 主语＋find＋it＋形容词＋to do... 形式宾语 to recognize other people’s weaknesses 我们经常发现识别别人的弱点比识别我们自己的更容易。
5．主从复合 形式主语 主语从句 主语 指出 最后，应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事。
Period 6
基础知识巩固
Ⅰ.1.company 2.moment 3.escape 4.extra 5.sought 6.quality 7.measures 8.thorough 9.theme 10.benefits
Ⅱ.1.failed；failure 2.comfort；comfortable 3.admiration；admirable 4.recognized；recognition 5.died；dying；dead
Ⅲ.1.that we can enjoy
2．who can always stand by us through thick and thin
3．what we are seeking for
4．We often feel it hard to make real friends
5．it would be comfortable to enjoy their company
核心考点突破
1．(1)respective (2)respectable for respectful (3)in many respects of people’s life
(4)Please give/send my respects to your parents
2．(1)get away from (2)got down to (3)get along/on (4)get across (5)get through (6)getting over
3．(1)bring up (2)brings back (3)bring out (4)bring down
4．(1)measures (2)to (3)education shouldn’t be measured only by/in examination results (4)we took/should take measures to keep the air from being polluted
5．(1)being killed (2)from (3)whose name escaped me (4)They had a narrow escape/narrowly escaped
6．(1)For (2)from it benefited the participants a lot
(3)①is beneficial to a child’s personal development ②is of benefit to a child’s personal development
7．(1)failure (2)to smooth (3)As the saying goes，failure is the mother of success
8．(1)taking over；took in；took on；take off；take on
(2)smartphones not only take up our valuable time
9．(1)recognition (2)①is recognized as/to be
②It is recognized that (3)it was beyond recognition
10．(1)it (2)to reach (3)that (4)make it a rule to chat with my parent
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C
Ⅱ.1.意识到 2.被忘掉 3.故障，失灵 4.陪伴Period 2 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In my opinion，the best way to deal with a tease is to i it.
2．We should not j others based on how much money they have.
3．He gradually r from his illness after taking the medicine.
4．It is g of you to donate so much money to our organization.
5．It turned out that the fact was out of line with our o anticipation(预料)．
6．We complained to the travel agency about the h service during our trip.
7．If you are interested in Chinese paintings，the club is (肯定) suitable for you.
8．Please include your c information if you want your response to be published.
9．In contrast to online c ，I have a preference for face-to-face communication.
10．The shy girl felt (局促不安的) and uncomfortable when she couldn’t answer the question.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1．A bomb in the city centre and the was heard miles away.(explode)
2． from his unwilling expression，the didn’t believe the witness’ .(judge)
3．It is of you his advice and you will be responsible for your .(ignore)
4．You should to your father for your rudeness.That’s to say，you owe your father an .(apologize)
5．The naughty boy badly in class and he should apologize to his teacher for his rude .(behave)
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我收到了妹妹的来信，向我请教如何处理一个棘手的问题。(现在分词短语作后置定语)
I received a letter from my sister
.
2．前几天，经常和她在一起的她最好的朋友误解了她。(whom引导定语从句)
Her best friend misunderstood her the other day.
3．她非常生气，以至于她们彼此发生了激烈的争吵。(so...that)
they had a violent quarrel with each other.
4．她不知道是应该先和朋友谈谈还是等着她来道歉。(whether...or)
She didn’t know
.
5．既然她们是好朋友，我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相谈谈了。(it’s time to do...)
Now that they are good friends，I think
.
sight n．视野；视力；看见
out of (one’s) sight脱离(某人的)视线 lose sight of看不见 catch sight of看见 come into sight进入视野 at first sight乍一看；初次见到 at the sight of...一看见……
(1)用sight的相关短语完成句子
①The children jumped with joy their Christmas gifts.
②There were so many visitors that I soon my son in the crowd.
③At the corner of the street，we a café and we felt excited then.
④The moment we reached the small island，amazing natural scenery .
(2)很明显，女孩子更有可能相信一见钟情。
It is obvious that .
judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员 [judg(e)ment n．判断力；意见，看法]
judge...by/from... 根据……判断…… as far as I can judge 据我判断 judging by/from... 从……来判断 in one’s judg(e)ment 在某人看来 make a judg(e)ment on 对……作出评价
(1)The judge made a (judge) based on the witness’ account.
(2)It is unwise of you to judge a book its cover.
(3)从他浓重的口音来看，他一定是南方人。
，he must be a southerner.
(4)据我判断，他们之间一定有误解。
，there must be some misunderstanding between them.
apologize vi.道歉，谢罪 (apology n．道歉)
apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb for sth 因为某事向某人道歉 owe sb an apology＝owe an apology to sb 应向某人道歉
(1)The company apologized to me not making an immediate response to my question.
(2)I owe you an (apologize) for not being able to teach you to make Chinese knots this Saturday.
(3)她应该为她的不得体行为向她的朋友道歉。
①She should for her bad behaviour.(apologize)
②She should for her bad behaviour.(apology)
behavio(u)r n．行为，举止，态度 [behave vi.举止；(举止或行为)表现]
behave well/badly to/towards sb 对待某人好/差 behave oneself表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩 well-behaved/badly-behaved adj.表现好/差的
(1)The waiter apologized for his bad (behave) towards the customers.
(2)强烈建议你参加宴会时，举止得体。作为举止得体的客人，你不应该把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。(应用文写作之风俗礼仪)
It is highly suggested that when attending feasts. ，you shouldn’t stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others.
case n．具体情况，事例；案件；容器
in any case无论如何，不管怎样 in that/this case在那种/这种情况下 in case (of) 万一，以防 in no case决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事
(1) is often the case，students will feel anxious and upset before important examinations.
(2)There are many cases we may misunderstand our friends. ，we’d better apologize to them in person，or our friendship will be on the rocks.
(3)You should in no case miss the opportunity to go to university for further study.
→ to go to university for further study.(用部分倒装改写)
(4)你最好带把雨伞以防下雨。
You’d better take an umbrella .
用法点拨 当case作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时，要用where引导定语从句。
let go of 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开
let...in允许……进入 let out发出；放出；泄露 let alone更不用说 let sb/sth alone不管/不干涉某人/物 let sb down让某人失望
用let的相关短语完成句子
(1)I believe I can be a good volunteer and I won’t you .
(2)We’d better the gloomy days，recover ourselves and look forward.
(3)The baby can not walk steadily， dance to music as you expect.
(4)When seeing the winning team，the crowd a cheer.
(5)The glass doors have replaced the wooden ones at the entrance， natural light during the day.
suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受 [suffering n．痛苦；苦难(常用复数) sufferer n．患病者；受难者]
suffer from遭受；忍受；患……病 suffer后常跟pain/stress/losses/hardship/defeat等名词作宾语。
(1)The poor were from a rare disease，but the _____________ didn’t make them give up；instead，they became stronger.(suffer)
(2)天然气价格急剧下跌，许多国家遭受巨大损失。
The gas price dropped sharply，and many countries .
(3)生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)
There are always some ups and downs in our lives， .
contact vt.& n．联系，联络
contact sb at... 通过(邮箱、电话等)与某人联系 get into/make contact with 和……取得联系 stay/keep in contact with 与……保持联系 be out of/lose contact with 与……失去联系
(1)Joining the club will bring you in contact someone who shares your interests.
(2)我们在大学期间一直保持着联系，但毕业后很快失去了联系。我多么希望能再次与她取得联系啊！
We each other throughout the college time，but soon ______________ after graduation.How I wish I could her again!
(3)如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节，请通过123456543@联系李华。
If you want to know more details about the activity， .
whether...or...
教材原句 Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。(P30)
whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，在此处引导让步状语从句。 whether还可以引导名词性从句，意为“是否”。 whether常和or not连用，构成whether...or not结构，意为“是否……”。
(1)You should make a response to him you accept the job or not.
(2)Whether cloning will be beneficial harmful to human beings is unknown.
(3)你是否留下来对我们没有影响。
makes no difference to us.
(4)我们不知道这起事故是偶然发生的还是有意造成的。
We don’t know .
Ⅰ.一词多义
trick A.n.诡计，花招，恶作剧 B.n.技巧，诀窍 C.n.戏法 D.vt.欺骗，欺诈
1．The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.
2．Nobody understood how he did the card tricks.
3．They tricked him into buying the old machine at a higher price.
4．My mother told me some tricks of making dumplings when I was young.
loss A.失落 B.丢失；遗失 C.损失；亏损 D. 亲人等的 去世；亡故 E.失败
5．I am still sad over the loss of my wedding ring a month ago.
6．They are in deep sorrow for the loss of the kind old man.
7．The loss of the first game was a heavy blow for both the players and their coach.
8．There was a time when I felt at a loss after losing my first job as a bank accountant.
9．The soldier often helps those who have suffered a great loss in the earthquake.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．Let me help you carry your heavy case.
2．Keep in mind that only originals are accepted.
3．Police searched five houses in south-east London and recovered stolen goods.
CLICK FOR A FRIEND
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends？What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered ？This was how things worked not very long ago.Thanks to advances in technology，how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly .
Nowadays，we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.All you need is a wi-fi connection.
The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests，such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you “friend” people online，does this mean that they really are your friends
It depends.
If people always exchange true personal information online，then yes，these friendships can be real and meaningful.But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
On social media sites，people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.But smiling photos can hide real problems.Remember the saying：on the Internet，nobody knows you’re a dog.A young person could be old；a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with criminals.
But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends，the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same.As Aristotle said，no one would choose to live without friends，even if he had all other goods.
(节选自外研版新教材必修第一册 Unit 4)
词汇积累
1．lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态
2．deliver /d 'l v / v．递送，传送
3．thanks to归功于……，多亏……
4．advance / d'vɑ ns/ n．进步，进展
5．significantly /s ɡ'n f k ntli/ adv.重大地，显著地
6．social media社交媒体
7．maintain /me n'te n/ v．保持，维持
Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Ⅰ.匹配单词(请把单词和其对应的英语解释连线)
1．awkward A．very bad or unpleasant；used to describe sth that you do not like
2．original B．making you feel embarrassed
3．horrible C．existing at the beginning of a particular period，process or activity
4．judge D．something that you do to make sb believe sth that is not true
5．trick E．honest and direct in what you say
6．frank F．to decide the result of a game or to decide whether sb is guilty or innocent in
a court
7．ignore G．to say that you are sorry for doing sth wrong or causing a problem
8．apologize H．to pay no attention to sth
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．After we to the peak，we will have a picnic there.
2．Every time we go out，I dare not let my children .
3．It is all your fault so you should firstly make an apology to her .
4．Like all girls of my age，I like to with my friends at malls or theaters.
5．He is confused about the present situation so he is what to do next.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of Amy’s post
A．Amy had a good friend.
B．Amy’s friend chose to play with another girl，which made her angry.
C．Amy felt heartbroken for the loss of friendship.
D．Amy felt sad to be betrayed(背叛) by her close friend and didn’t know what to do.
Ⅱ.悉层次结构
The text includes three online posts: Amy’s post to and two posts from Cindy and David to .
Step 2 细读——逐段获取细节
Ⅰ.Read about Amy’s problem.
1．When have Amy and the girl become close friends
A．Since primary school.
B．Since more than eight years ago.
C．Since high school.
D．Since the first time they met.
2．What had Amy and her best friend planned to do that afternoon
A．See a film. B．Hang out.
C．Do homework. D．Have a good rest.
3．How did Amy’s feelings change
(1)In the past eight years，Amy had been to stay with her friend.
(2)Last Saturday morning，she felt when she knew her friend had a cold.
(3)Last Saturday afternoon，she felt when she was told her friend chatted with another girl in a café.
(4)On Monday，she was that she avoided her friend during school all day.
(5)On Monday evening，she was still heartbroken and .
4．Why did Amy feel surprised after hearing what her classmate said
A．Because her classmate made friends with her best friend.
B．Because her classmate chatted with her best friend.
C．Because her best friend should have a cold.
D．Because her best friend should cheat her.
Ⅱ.Read the advice from Cindy and David.
1．Tell similarities and differences between their advice and then fill in the blanks.
(1)Cindy thinks that Amy’s friendship is worth .
(2)David believes that it’s time to the relationship.
(3)Both Cindy and David think Amy should with her friend.
2．In what case is it time to rethink a friendship according to David
3．What does the phrase “let go of” mean
4．What’s Cindy’s attitude to Amy’s friendship with her friend
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
5．What’s David’s attitude to Amy’s friendship with her friend
A．Critical. B．Subjective.
C．Objective. D．Indifferent.
Step 3 读后——讨论深度理解
1．If you were Amy，whose advice would you take，Cindy’s or David’s Why？(Critical Thinking批判性思维)
2．Could you write down your prediction of what would happen between Amy and her best friend after Amy reads the two replies？(Creative Thinking创造性思维)
Step 4 总结——课文语法填空
Amy has been close with her 1. (good) friend since primary school，almost like sisters.They always stay together 2. (do) lots of things，and they’re hardly out of each other’s sight.They had planned 3. (go) to the cinema together last Saturday afternoon，but in the morning her friend said she had a cold and couldn’t make 4._________ to the cinema.She believed 5. her friend said and felt worried about her.However，someone told her that she had seen her friend 6. (chat) with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon.Her friend’s “illness” was 7. complete lie，which made her very 8. (anger)．But actually she doesn’t want to lose a close friend and has no idea what to do next.Cindy thinks that this friendship is worth saving.She advises Amy to find an opportunity to talk with her friend 9. (frank) and solve the problem together with her friend.David thinks it’s time for Amy to rethink the relationship.He suggests that Amy should talk to her friend and decide whether their 10. (friend) will last.He tells Amy that she has to accept the fact that friends come and go in life.
Step 5 解读——长句难句分析
1．When I was an awkward primary school student，she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me.
[句式分析] 此句是 句，When引导 从句，who引导___________从句，修饰the popular girl，who在从句中作 。
[自主翻译]
2．But in the morning，my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold.
[句式分析] 此句是 句，my friend是 ，posted是 ，a message是 ，saying she had a cold是现在分词短语作 ，其中she had a cold为省略了that的 从句。
[自主翻译]
3．The stress of this situation is killing me，and I’m at a loss what to do next.
[句式分析] 此句是and连接的 句，what to do next是“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构作 ，at a loss意为“ ”。
[自主翻译]
4．It’s sad to move on，but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.
[句式分析] 此句是由but连接的 句，在第一个分句中，It是 ，to move on是 ；在第二个分句中，that引导的是 从句。
[自主翻译]
Period 5 Extended reading—Reading comprehension
Ⅰ.匹配单词(请把单词和其对应的英语解释连线)
1．reflection A．lack of success in doing or achieving sth
2．escape B．the fact of being with sb else and not alone
3．benefit C．done completely；with great attention to detail
4．failure D．to get away from a place
5．thorough E．an image in a mirror，on a shiny surface，on water，etc
6．company F．an advantage that sth gives you；a helpful and useful effect that sth has
7．comfort G．to admit or to be aware that sth exists or is true
8．recognize H．a feeling of not suffering or worrying so much；a feeling of being less
unhappy
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．As you can imagine，getting burnt can very serious injuries.
2．To our surprise，the mountain a completely new look in the mist.
3．My expectations have been met after three years of trying.
4．They finally all the difficulties and made a big breakthrough.
5．I believe he be a soldier because that’s what he’s been chasing.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A．Friendship will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road.
B．Friendship makes us happier，wiser and more satisfied.
C．Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.
D．Friendship mainly brings us three benefits.
Ⅱ.悉层次结构
Read the text quickly to match the main idea with each paragraph.
1．Para.1 A．Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.
2．Para.2 B．The first fruit of friendship.
3．Para.3 C．The second fruit of friendship.
4．Para.4 D．We can enjoy many benefits of friendship.
5．Para.5 E．Close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road.
6．Para.6 F．The third fruit of friendship.
Step 2 细读——逐段获取细节
Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．On the “path of life”，there are two meaningful points for us： and .
2．Why should we wish to be alone
3．What is the function of close friendships
Ⅱ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercise.
Which advantage of friendship is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2
A．Comfort the heart.
B．Lend us some money.
C．Help us reach our goals.
D．Advise the head.
Ⅲ.Read Paras.3－5 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．Why does friendship have a double advantage
2．Why can we share with true friends our joy and sadness in full measure
3．What does the word “This” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Finding weakness of our own first.
B．Achieving what we want to achieve.
C．Offering advice on important decisions to others.
D．Putting our thoughts into words before we talk with a friend.
4．Which expression is NOT right according to the text
A．Friends can offer advice on important decisions.
B．Many things only can be achieved with friends’ help.
C．Judgments made by one person might be wrong.
D．We can achieve nothing without friends’ help.
Ⅳ.Read Para.6 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．How can we better walk the “path of life”？
2．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．A carefully chosen friend will bring us advantages.
B．People can succeed as soon as they have friends.
C．Individuals can choose friends carelessly.
D．We ought to enjoy the company of a crowd.
Ⅴ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises.
1．What’s the structure of the passage
2．What’s the genre(体裁) of the passage
A．Argumentation. B．A poem.
C．A news report. D．A novel.
Step 3 读后——讨论深度理解
1．As is known to all，this essay was finished more than 400 years ago.Why do we still need to read it nowadays？(Critical Thinking批判性思维)
2．How do you know when to be independent and when to ask for the help of friends？Explain and support your opinion.(Creative Thinking创造性思维)
Step 4 总结——课文语法填空
When we walk the “path of life”，social life is really important.More often than not，close friendships can help us 1. (smooth) out the sometimes rocky road that we 2._________________(mean) to travel.Generally speaking，close friendships have three main 3._______________(benefit)．The first one is that they can comfort the heart，because the peace comes from having someone with 4. we feel free to share our joy，sadness，success and 5. (fail) in full measure.Friendship makes happiness take 6. a greater meaning and trouble a less meaning.The second one is 7. they can advise the head because we may have the better understanding and judgement that are achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.The third one is that they can help us achieve the goals we set for 8. (we) because friends may offer help in many different ways.They can help us achieve what we want during life and，perhaps，even after death.Finally，if we want to 9. (well) walk the “path of life” with the comfort，advice and help from our 10._____________(trust) friends，we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully.
Step 5 解读——长句难句分析
1．More often than not，close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。that引导 ，修饰先行词the sometimes rocky road；副词性短语More often than not在句中作 。smooth out意为“ ”；be meant to do sth意为“ ”。
[自主翻译]
2．As we live in social groups，there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。As引导 ；that引导 ，修饰先行词benefits of friendship。
[自主翻译]
3．The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。主句是“ ”结构；that引导 ，修饰先行词the peace，并且在从句中作 ，不可省略。
[自主翻译]
4．We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。基本结构是“ ”。it是 ，真正的宾语是 。
[自主翻译]
5．Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。it作 ，that引导的____________作真正的主语。在从句中，enjoying the company of a crowd为动名词短语作 。point out意为“ ”。
[自主翻译] Period 4 Integrated skills
教材听力训练(见课堂授课课件)
Activity 1 Read for some details
Read Patrick’s diary on P37 and choose the best answer.
1．What problem is Tim faced with
A．He has trouble in study.
B．He quarrels with his friend.
C．He can’t balance his project and his schoolwork.
D．He has no one to turn to for help.
2．What qualities of a good friend does the passage NOT mention
A．Supportive.
B．Selfless.
C．Bringing out the best in a person.
D．Humorous and fun.
3．Which fact about Patrick’s help is wrong
A．Patrick encourages Tim to take action.
B．Patrick helps Tim to be an efficient learner.
C．Patrick spares no effort to help Tim.
D．Patrick brings out the best in Tim.
Activity 2 Read for the structure
Read Patrick’s diary entry on P37 and do the following exercise.
When you write a diary entry，you can write on the top left-hand corner of the page and start with “ ”；then follows your own topic，account and idea.
Activity 3 Read for some good sentences
Read Patrick’s diary entry on P37 and find the sentences used for a diary about friendship.
1．
2．
3．
4．
5．
Activity 4 Writing outline
A Diary of...
Date 4 November
Opening (开篇) Dear Diary， Friendship is very important to me.In my opinion，there are certain qualities that are very important in a friendship.
Account (叙述) A good friend needs to be . Besides，a good friend . Finally， .
Summary (总结) To me，a good friend brings out the best in a person.I’ll...
交友日记
本单元的写作任务是写交友日记。日记就是用文字记述生活中发生的有意义的或重要的事，以及自己对某事的感受或评议。
1．篇章结构
第一段：诉说事由。
第二段：剖析原因及个人打算。
第三段：抒发对未来友谊的信心。
2．注意事项
(1)格式：第一行左上角写日期和星期(星期可省略)，右上角写天气，然后写内容。
(2)主体人称为第一人称。记述所发生的事情用一般过去时，但描写自己的感受多用一般现在时。
(3)语言风格上尽量使用非正式的英语。日记中常用第一人称“I”。
3．常用表达
(1)I am so anxious about losing my good friend.
(2)I want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with him/her.
(3)It is normal for teenagers to have some conflicts among them.
(4)I hope my friend is humorous and fun.
(5)She is always generous to me so that we can trust and count on each other.
(6)I do hope he/she can forgive me and make up with me.
昨天你因朋友指出你经常迟到的坏习惯而与她争吵，为此你感到很后悔。请你写一篇日记，倾诉自己的苦恼，并说出你的打算。
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步 审题谋篇
审题
1．确定文体：这是一篇记叙文——日记。
2．主体时态：文章应以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。
3．主体人称：第一人称。
谋篇
第一段：诉说自己心中的后悔，反思自己。
第二段：分析事情发生的始末及好朋友所具有的品质。
第三段：展现自己对未来友谊的信心。
第二步 遣词造句
[核心词汇](含本单元词汇)
1．向某人道歉
2．放弃我们的友谊
3．指出
4．有错，承担责任
5．鼓励某人做某事
6．原谅
[连词成句](含本单元句型)
1．我想向我的朋友道歉，因为我和她吵架了。
I want to quarrelling with her.
2．我不想放弃我们的友谊。
I don’t want to
.
3．在我看来，我的朋友有很多良好的品质。
，my friend has many good qualities.
4．这些品质在朋友之间非常重要。
between friends.
第三步 句式升级
1．用because引导的原因状语从句合并句1和句2。
2．用定语从句合并句3和句4。
第四步 组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。Period 3 Grammar and usage—Restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns
In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，the friendship that/which① forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book，though they appear to be an unlikely pair.Huck is a poor white boy whose② father often beats him，while Jim is a black slave who/that③ longs to be free.One day，Huck runs away from home to an island.There he meets Jim and makes friends with him.Then they leave the island together on a raft that/which④ they find on the Mississippi River.They head north to Illinois，a state in which⑤ Jim can become free.The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers.In the end，Huck decides that Jim is a friend that/whom⑥ he needs and values，and refuses to give him up.From the story we can see that friends are people who/that⑦ support you through thick and thin.
自主发现
句子中的黑体单词引导 ，其基本结构为 。关系代词引导定语从句时，在从句中充当一个句子成分。which指物，可在从句中作主语，如 ，也可作宾语，如 ；who指人，可在从句中作主语，如 ，也可作宾语；whom只作宾语，如 ，可用who代替； 既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whose修饰名词作定语，如 。
关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
语法图解
用法详解
一、定语从句的定义
1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2．关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．who的用法
示例：
The person who tricked me was one of my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。
He is the man who I respect very much.
他就是我非常尊重的那个人。
归纳：who 指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。
2．whom的用法
示例：
Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about.杰克是你应该关心的人。
The old man to whom a medal is awarded is very inspiring.
这位被授予奖章的老人非常鼓舞人心。
归纳：whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可用who 代替，也可省略。
3．which的用法
示例：
The plane is a machine which can fly.
飞机是一种会飞的机器。
The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.
她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
归纳：which 指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。
4．that的用法
示例：
The number of people that/who come to visit the city reaches one million every year.
每年来参观这个城市的人数达到了一百万。
The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.
特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。
He doesn’t seem to be the man that he was ten years ago.
他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了。
归纳：that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。
5．whose的用法
示例：
He lives in the room whose window faces south.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。
归纳：whose既可指人又可指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语。
[温馨提示]
whose指人时，常用下列结构来代替：
I will talk to those students whose homework hasn’t been done on schedule.
＝I will talk to those students，the homework of whom hasn’t been done on schedule.
＝I will talk to those students，of whom the homework hasn’t been done on schedule.
我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话。
三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时。
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已经做了。
2．当先行词被all，every，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。
Music is the only thing that interests me.
音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。
You are the very person that we are looking for.
你就是我们要找的人。
3．当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
4．当先行词中既有人又有物时。
She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
5．当先行词前面出现who，which等疑问代词时，为了避免重复，只能用that。
Who is the boy that is playing computer games there
正在那里玩电脑游戏的那个男孩是谁？
[疑难点津] 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
Those who are over 45 won’t be permitted to enter the hall.
超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。
[温馨提示] (1)“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。
(2)为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)
这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的关系词。
This is a true story 1. is supposed to have happened somewhere in the US.A man 2. was accused(指控) of housebreaking appeared in court.He had put his arm through the window and stolen some money 3. was lying on a table inside.The argument 4. the man’s lawyer put forward wasn’t very impressive.He said that it was the man’s arm that had committed the crime and not the man himself.“You can’t punish a man for something 5. his arm has done，” said the lawyer.Now the judge in 6.______ court the man was appearing wanted to show how stupid the lawyer’s argument was.Instead of finding the man guilty，he found the man’s arm guilty and sent it into prison.“He can go with his arm or not，as he chooses，” the judge added,7. made everyone laugh.But what the judge didn’t know was that the man had an artificial(假的) arm.He took the arm off，gave it to the judge—8. could hardly believe his eyes—and walked out of the court.
