2024届高三英语一轮复习：非谓语动词（二）动词-ing形式讲义学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024届高三英语一轮复习：非谓语动词（二）动词-ing形式讲义学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-08-26 16:33:48 | ||
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非谓语动词（二）——动词-ing形式
-ing形式： 动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
链接高考
2023年高考英语全国甲卷we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.
2023年高考英语新高考卷Ihen John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.
2023年高考英语全国乙卷 I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷 Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.
1. -ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词do和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：
动词 语态 形式 及物动词do 不及物动词go
主动语态 被动语态 主动语态
一般式 doing being done going
完成式 having done having been done having gone
2. -ing形式的基本用法。
（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。–ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如： It’s no use waiting here.
（2）作表语：Tom’s job is washing and cooking.
（3）作宾语：① 作及物动词的宾语。Jenny likes drawing very much；② 作某些短语动词的宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York；③ do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. ④ 作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics；⑤ 作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again
（4）作定语：注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，
如The sleeping cboy is Tom.
Do you know the girl standing at the gate
T he girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.
（5）作宾语补足语：注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
（6）作状语：① 时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加when或while构成状语从句省略。，如：When crossing street, you must be careful. ② 原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. ③ 方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
3. 主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。主动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用。句中的主语是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者，如：Having answered the letter,Tom went on to read an English novel.
4. 被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作，而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。如：The truck being repaired there is ours.
5. 被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用。如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.
6. -ing形式的复合结构。在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 但在口语中，这种结构如作宾语用，其中的物主代词常用人称代词的宾格，名词的所有格常用名词的普通格代替，如：She insisted on Peter’s （or Peter）going there first.
7. -ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式。表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式，如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesn’t want to play it today.
8. -ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。-ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如：The boy writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write.
9. -ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。（1）不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。
10. -ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况，而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again.
I looked into the window to see what was going on inside.
随堂练习
1. (Talk0 is easier than doing.
2.My hobby is (collect) stamps.
3.You can never imagine what great difficulty I had __ ____(find) your house all by myself.
4.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see（ carryout ）______ the next year.
5.After describing the planned improvements, she went on _______ （explain） how much they would cost.
6. Please excuse me _______ （open ） your letter by mistake.
7.Remember to turn off the light when _______ （go） to bed.
8.The picture _______(hang)on the wall is painted by my nephew.
9. (have) a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
10.Tony was very unhappy for not _______(invite)to the party.
答案
1.talking 2. collecting 3.finding 4. carrying out 5 explaining.6.opening7.going 9.Having 10. having been invited
-ing形式： 动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
链接高考
2023年高考英语全国甲卷we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.
2023年高考英语新高考卷Ihen John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.
2023年高考英语全国乙卷 I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷 Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.
1. -ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词do和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：
动词 语态 形式 及物动词do 不及物动词go
主动语态 被动语态 主动语态
一般式 doing being done going
完成式 having done having been done having gone
2. -ing形式的基本用法。
（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。–ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如： It’s no use waiting here.
（2）作表语：Tom’s job is washing and cooking.
（3）作宾语：① 作及物动词的宾语。Jenny likes drawing very much；② 作某些短语动词的宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York；③ do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. ④ 作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics；⑤ 作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again
（4）作定语：注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，
如The sleeping cboy is Tom.
Do you know the girl standing at the gate
T he girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.
（5）作宾语补足语：注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
（6）作状语：① 时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加when或while构成状语从句省略。，如：When crossing street, you must be careful. ② 原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. ③ 方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
3. 主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。主动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用。句中的主语是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者，如：Having answered the letter,Tom went on to read an English novel.
4. 被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作，而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。如：The truck being repaired there is ours.
5. 被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用。如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.
6. -ing形式的复合结构。在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 但在口语中，这种结构如作宾语用，其中的物主代词常用人称代词的宾格，名词的所有格常用名词的普通格代替，如：She insisted on Peter’s （or Peter）going there first.
7. -ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式。表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式，如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesn’t want to play it today.
8. -ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。-ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如：The boy writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write.
9. -ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。（1）不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。
10. -ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况，而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again.
I looked into the window to see what was going on inside.
随堂练习
1. (Talk0 is easier than doing.
2.My hobby is (collect) stamps.
3.You can never imagine what great difficulty I had __ ____(find) your house all by myself.
4.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see（ carryout ）______ the next year.
5.After describing the planned improvements, she went on _______ （explain） how much they would cost.
6. Please excuse me _______ （open ） your letter by mistake.
7.Remember to turn off the light when _______ （go） to bed.
8.The picture _______(hang)on the wall is painted by my nephew.
9. (have) a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
10.Tony was very unhappy for not _______(invite)to the party.
答案
1.talking 2. collecting 3.finding 4. carrying out 5 explaining.6.opening7.going 9.Having 10. having been invited