2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市浏阳市四校高一（上）开学英语试卷（含解析，无听力试题）

2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市浏阳市四校高一（上）开学英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）
A
Welcome to www.penpal.me.To get more information，please click （点击） here.
WHAT YOU GET
In this website （网站），you can exchange postcards with new pen pals.Share your interests and stories with people from all over the world.Learn about different cultures and languages.
OUR USERS SAY
Jannie （the UK）
After spending some time abroad，I felt lonely back in my home country.Thankfully，I discovered PenPal by accident.With PenPal，I've made friends thousands of kilometers away.And I've been able to learn some Chinese while doing that.
Mike （Singapore）
Writing postcards has given me a way to relax and take a break.I love to put a personal picture on my postcard and tell the story behind it.Thank you，PenPal，for giving me the chance to meet wonderful people and share my happiness through writing!
Mary （the USA）
It always puts a smile on my face when I open my mailbox and see a new card.Through PenPal，I've made a truly great friend，Yokio，in Japan.We talk about many interesting things and share our experiences of everyday life.I hope everyone can find someone they feel so close to.
1. In this text，PenPal is a name of ______ .
A. a story B. a person C. a website. D. a postcard
2. What can the users do through PenPal？ ______
A. Share a new mailbox. B. Exchange letters.
C. Go abroad with friends. D. Learn different languages.
3. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A magazine. B. A newspaper. C. A poster. D. The Internet.
B
In today's world of mobile payment, all we really need is a smartphone. But the traditional wallet (钱包) became popular again after Azat Tovmasyan, who used to lose his wallets, had a creative idea. Thus, Volterman smart wallet was born, aiming to make traditional wallets cool again by bringing them into the high-tech age.
Volterman smart wallet takes wallet safety to a new level. It's equipped with high-tech functions, such as an alarm, which will warn you so that you don't leave it behind. And if your wallet is lost or stolen, the GPS tracker can help you find it.
Even more interesting is the front-facing camera. "If someone dares to open your wallet secretly, a little camera inside will take a picture and send it to your mobile phone through the Internet," Azat Tovmasyan said. "Once your wallet is stolen, you will find it easily with the help of a picture of the thief," he added.
The high-tech wallet will be released (发行) later this year and will come in three models, with the cheapest one costing $179.
4. Which is TRUE about the smart wallet according to the text
A. It can be found at shops now.
B. It is cheaper than the traditional wallet.
C. It can't be opened by anyone else except the owner.
D. It can be connected with the smartphone through the Internet.
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text
A. The technology. B. The price. C. The logo. D. The inventor.
6. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A travel journal. B. A science magazine.
C. A research paper. D. An art website.
C
Nowadays，the doctor has been asking people to take in less salt.New electric chopsticks in Japan may make it possible to make food taste saltier than it really is.
Miyashita，a professor at Meiji University，worked with Kirin Holdings Company to develop the special chopsticks.
The chopsticks come with a small computer.When you wear the computer on your arm，it can produce a weak electric current （电流） to free up the sodium ions （钠离子） in your food.As a result，you get a salty taste without the use of salt.
The purpose to create the chopsticks is to stop the Japanese from taking in too much salt.The traditional Japanese food includes a lot of salt.A Japanese adult eats about 10 g of salt every day.The daily amount of salt，however，should be kept at around 5 g.High salt intake can cause many illnesses，including high blood pressure and strokes （中风）.
Miyashita and Kirin will continue to improve their electric chopsticks.They hope to be able to start selling the chopsticks in a short time.
7. What is the third paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. How much the chopsticks cost.
B. What is put into the chopsticks.
C. How the chopsticks make food salty.
D. When we should use the chopsticks.
8. Why does Miyashita's team produce the chopsticks？ ______
A. To stop the Japanese from taking in more salt.
B. To have a good invention for the world.
C. To change the use of traditional chopsticks.
D. To help treat the people with high blood pressure.
9. What can we infer （推断） from the last paragraph？ ______
A. The chopsticks have already been widely used .
B. The chopsticks will sell well in the future.
C. The chopsticks are still under development.
D. The chopsticks can make Miyashita richer.
10. What is the theme of the passage？ ______
A. Culture. B. Traffic. C. Hobby. D. Invention.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共4小题，共12.0分）
How to Make Friends with Neighbors
All of us have neighbors.Most of us want to be friends with our neighbors.But do you know how to make friends with neighbors？Here are some suggestions.
Try to know your neighbors.If you move into a new place and nobody comes to greet you，you can introduce yourself to your neighbors.Go up to your neighbors' houses and say hello. （1） ______ Treat them to cookies，bread，candies or some other snacks.
Wish them happy holidays.Take some cakes or candies to your neighbors and wish them a happy New Year. （2） ______ Take them to your neighbors and wish them a happy Mid-Autumn Festival.
Invite your neighbors to dinner or a barbecue.You can get to know them over a delicious meal.Ask them not to bring anything.（3） ______ You can also invite your neighbors to your house if you're watching a sports game that you think they might be interested in.
（ 4） ______ Don't stop your children from playing with your neighbors' children because of religion，race or other unimportant things.They will probably grow up together.So，just let them be friends.
A.Let your children play together.
B.You can also make some mooncakes.
C.If they bring something，accept it politely.
D.You can invite your neighbors to your home.
11. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
12. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
13. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
14. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
I went to school in China for four years and for another six years in Canada.There are two teachers from these countries that really impressed me even though they are very（1） ______ .
When I（2） ______ to Canada，I couldn't even order food on the flight.After two months on an ESL（English as a Second Language） course，I got my first（3） ______ card.My mark in English was 65.I was very（4） ______ I couldn't （5） ______ what would be said at the parent-teacher interview.
"Hello!"Mrs Franceschini welcomed my parents."Richard just came to Canada a few months ago.I am amazed at how his English has （6） ______ so fast，"she said. "On his first day，he was very shy and only used（7） ______ words.Now he can answer and ask questions by using whole sentences."
（ 8） ______ many other Chinese parents，my mom asked if she could give me extra homework. "Don't worr.Rchard is already working very hard，" Mrs Franceschini laughed.Then she shook my hand. "Richard，you did a good job.I am （9） ______ of you!" she said.
Back in Shanghai，my teacher Miss Li was very（10） ______ .In a test，my average（平均） was 97，top of the class.I was proud to take parents（11） ______ the interview.
Miss Li told my parents，"Feng Yu is doing pretty well.But because of his（12） ______ ， he lost 3 points in math.Otherwise he would be the top of the school."
I thought she was being（13） ______ to me.But when I was about to leave，I realized Miss Li was very nice.She hosted a party for me and gave me a big card.Her phone number and e-mails address were on the card."FengYu，you're my best student.I（14） ______ you a successful life，" she wrote. "If you want to talk or need any help，I am always here for you."
Miss Li and Mrs Franceschini are both great teachers，just in different ways.One built up my learning abilities.（15） ______ gave me tons of confidence and made learning enjoyable.I'm proud to have had them as my teachers
15. A. kind B. strict C. similar D. different
16. A. moved B. arrived C. reached D. visited
17. A. birthday B. green C. report D. ID
18. A. satisfied B. upset C. serious D. careful
19. A. imagine B. tell C. wonder D. doubt
20. A. changed B. improved C. spoken D. increased
21. A. long B. popular C. simple D. complete
22. A. With B. Except C. Against D. Like
23. A. proud B. certain C. afraid D. free
24. A. patient B. strict C. friendly D. hard-working
25. A. in B. off C. to D. up
26. A. method B. action C. habit D. carelessness
27. A. unfair B. nice C. crazy D. polite
28. A. give B. prepare C. offer D. wish
29. A. Other B. The other C. Another D. The others
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
30. Last summer，my family and I went to England and we spent two weeks in Cornwall.It （1） ______ （ take） us five hours to get there by car.We did a lot of different（2） ______ （activity） there.We went for long walks ，played games，went shopping and swam in the lake.
I played （3） ______ （ happy） at first，but then something terrible happened （发生）.One morning I went to the forest near the hotel by（4） ______ （ I）.I walked and watched the birds （5） ______ （ sing） in the trees and took some photos.When I got hungry，I wanted to go back to the hotel for food. （6） ______ I couldn't find the way back.I tried（7） ______ （ difference） ways.However，at last I was still in （8） ______ same place.
"Oh，God!（9） ______ should I do？I'm so afraid!"I thought.Later it started lo rain.I didn't have an umbrella so I was wet and cold.
I had to stay under a tree and waited （10） ______ my parents.After a few hours they found me.It was dark and I was cold，hungry and scared.I will never go to the forest again.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共13.0分）
31. 适当的压力可以成为我们前进的动力。请你根据下面图示信息，以"How to deal with pressure"为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你处理压力的方法。
写作要求：
（1）文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可以适当发挥；
（2）文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称；
（3）词数80左右，标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：恰当地appropriately
How to deal with pressure Pressure is a serious problem for some certain students._______
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Welcome to www.penpal.me.To get more information，please click （点击） here（欢迎访问www.penpal.me。欲了解更多信息，请点击这里）可知，PenPal是一个网站的名字。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据WHAT YOU GET部分Learn about different cultures and languages（了解不同的文化和语言）可知，通过PenPal，用户可以学习不同的语言。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。根据第一段Welcome to www.penpal.me.To get more information，please click （点击） here（欢迎访问 www.penpal.me。欲了解更多信息，请点击这里）可知，有"点击这里"的是网络。A.A magazine一本杂志；B.A newspaper一份报纸；C.A poster一张海报；D.The Internet网络。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一个名为www.penpal.me的网站。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~6.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了Volterman智能钱包的相关信息。
1. 根据倒数第二段If someone dares to open your wallet secretly, a little camera inside will take a picture and send it to your mobile phone through the Internet（如果有人敢偷偷打开你的钱包，里面的一个小摄像头会拍下一张照片，然后通过互联网发送到你的手机上。）可知智能钱包可以通过互联网与智能手机连接。故选D。
2. 根据第一段Volterman smart wallet was born, aiming to make traditional wallets cool again by bringing them into the high-tech age.可知，提及了A；根据最后一段The high-tech wallet will be released (发行) later this year and will come in three models, with the cheapest one costing $179.可知，提及了B；根据第一段But the traditional wallet (钱包) became popular again after Azat Tovmasyan, who used to lose his wallets, had a creative idea.可知，提及了D。故选C。
3. 根据第一段But the traditional wallet (钱包) became popular again after Azat Tovmasyan, who used to lose his wallets, had a creative idea. Thus, Volterman smart wallet was born, aiming to make traditional wallets cool again by bringing them into the high-tech age.并结合全文所讲内容可知，本文介绍了科技产品智能钱包，故可能出自一本科学杂志。故选B。
7~10.【答案】C、A、C、D
【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第三段The chopsticks come with a small computer.When you wear the computer on your arm，it can produce a weak electric current （电流） to free up the sodium ions （钠离子） in your food.As a result，you get a salty taste without the use of salt.（筷子附带一台小电脑。当你把电脑戴在手臂上时，它可以产生微弱的电流来释放食物中的钠离子（钠）。因此，你不用盐就能吃到咸的味道。）可知第三段主要是关于筷子是如何使食物变咸的。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段The purpose to create the chopsticks is to stop the Japanese from taking in too much salt.（发明筷子的目的是为了防止日本人摄入过多的盐。）可知发明筷子是为了阻止日本人摄入更多的盐。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 Miyashita and Kirin will continue to improve their electric chopsticks.They hope to be able to start selling the chopsticks in a short time.（宫下和麒麟将继续改进他们的电动筷子。他们希望能在短时间内开始销售这种筷子。）可推断，这种筷子仍在开发中。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知这段短文主要介绍了日本开发的新型电动筷子，因此属于发明。故选D。
这段短文主要介绍了日本开发的新型电动筷子，该筷子可以使食物的味道比实际上更咸。这是因为筷子上的小型电脑可以产生微弱的电流，释放食物中的钠离子，从而使食物具有咸味，而无需使用盐。这种筷子的目的是为了阻止日本人摄入过多的盐分，因为传统的日本食物中含有大量盐分。日本成年人每天摄入约10克盐，而每天摄入的盐分应保持在5克左右。高盐摄入会导致许多疾病，包括高血压和中风。作者希望能够继续改进这种电动筷子，并希望能够在短时间内开始销售。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
11~14.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据下文Treat them to cookies，bread，candies or some other snacks. （请他们吃饼干、面包、糖果或其他零食。）可知，上文是请邻居来家里玩，选项"D.You can invite your neighbors to your home.你可以邀请你的邻居来你家。"符合语境，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据下文Take them to your neighbors and wish them a happy Mid-Autumn Festival.（把它们带给你的邻居，祝他们中秋节快乐。）可知，其中的them指代B选项中的mooncakes，选项"B.You can also make some mooncakes.你也可以做一些月饼。"符合语境，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文Invite your neighbors to dinner or a barbecue.You can get to know them over a delicious meal.Ask them not to bring anything.（邀请你的邻居共进晚餐或烧烤。你可以通过一顿美味的晚餐来了解他们。让他们什么都不要带。）可知，下文说的是万一带来东西，选项"C.If they bring something，accept it politely.如果他们带了东西，礼貌地接受。"符合语境，故选C。
（4）段落主题题。根据本段内容，尤其是Don't stop your children from playing with your neighbors' children because of religion，race or other unimportant things. （不要因为宗教、种族或其他不重要的事情而阻止你的孩子与邻居的孩子玩耍。他们可能会一起长大。）可知，本段说的是孩子们一起玩，选项"A.Let your children play together.让你的孩子一起玩。"符合语境，故选A。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何与邻居交朋友。
该题是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
15~29.【答案】D、A、C、B、A、B、C、D、A、B、C、D、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.kind善良的；B.strict严格的；C.similar类似的；D.different不同的。有两位来自这些国家的老师给我留下了深刻的印象，尽管他们非常不同。根据下文Miss Li and Mrs Franceschini are both great teachers，just in different ways.可知是不同的老师。故选D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.moved搬家，移动；B.arrived到达；C.reached达到；D.visited到访。当我搬到加拿大时，我甚至不能在飞机上点食物。根据下文Richard just came to Canada a few months ago.可知是搬家到加拿大。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.birthday生日；B.green绿色；C.report报告；D.ID身份证。在参加了两个月的ESL（英语作为第二语言）课程后，我拿到了第一份成绩单。故选C。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfied满意是；B.upset沮丧的；C.serious严重的；D.careful小心的。我很沮丧，无法想象在家长和老师的访谈中说什么。根据上文My mark in English was 65可知是沮丧的。故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.imagine想象；B.tell告诉；C.wonder想知道；D.doubt怀疑。我很沮丧，无法想象在家长和老师的访谈中说什么。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.changed更改；B.improved改进；C.spoken说；D.increased增加。"理查德几个月前刚刚来到加拿大。我很惊讶他的英语进步如此之快，"她说。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.long长的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.simple简单的；D.complete完全的。在他的第一天，他非常害羞，只使用简单的词语。根据上文On his first day，he was very shy可知是简单的词汇。故选C。
（8）考查介词及语境理解。A.With和；B.Except除了；C.Against反对；D.Like像。和许多其他中国父母一样，我妈妈问她是否可以给我额外的家庭作业。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.proud自豪的；B.certain确定的；C.afraid害怕的；D.free免费的。"理查德，你做得很好。我为你感到骄傲！"她说。根据上文Richard，you did a good job可知是为他感到自豪。故选A。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.patient耐心的；B.strict严格的；C.friendly友好的；D.hard-working勤奋的。在上海，我的李老师非常严格。根据下文he lost 3 points in math可知是严格的老师。故选B。
（11）考查介词及语境理解。A.in在……里面；B.off关闭；C.to朝向；D.up起来。在一次测试中，我的平均成绩是97，是班上最好的。我很自豪能带家长们去访谈。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.method方法；B.action行动；C.habit习惯；D.carelessness粗心大意。但是由于他的粗心，他数学丢了3分。根据下文he lost 3 points in math可知是粗心导致的。故选D。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unfair不公平的；B.nice好的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.polite礼貌的。我以为她对我不公平。故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.give给予；B.prepare准备；C.offer提供；D.wish愿望。"冯宇，你是我最好的学生。我祝你生活成功，"她写道。故选D。
（15）考查代词及语境理解。A.Other其他；B.The other另一个；C.Another另一个；D.The others其他人。另一个给了我极大的信心，让学习变得愉快。两者中的另一个使用the other。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文，这段短文主要写了作者在中国和加拿大上学的经历，以及两位给作者留下深刻印象的老师。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
30.【答案】【小题1】took
【小题2】activities
【小题3】happily
【小题4】myself
【小题5】singing
【小题6】But
【小题7】different
【小题8】the
【小题9】What
【小题10】for
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：开车到那儿花费了我们五个小时的时间。take"花费"，用于句型It takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth.（花费某人一段时间做某事）。由文章开头"Last summer，my family and I went to England"可知，短文记叙的是去年夏天的事情，用一般过去时态，这里应用动词的过去式。故填took。
（2）考查可数名词的复数。句意：在那里我们做了很多不同的活动。activity"活动"，是一个名词。由空前的"….a lot of different…"可知，这里应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
（3）考查副词。句意：一开始我玩得很开心，但是后来一些糟糕的事情发生了。happy"开心的，快乐的"，是形容词。根据句子结构可知，该空修饰动词played，应用副词形式。故填happily。
（4）考查反身代词。句意：一天早上我独自去了宾馆附近的森林。I"我"，人称代词主格形式。根据句意和空前的by可知，这里考查by oneself，意为"独自"，因此这里应填反身代词。故填myself。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：我看到鸟儿在树上唱歌，然后我就拍了一些照片。sing"唱歌"，是一个动词。该句使用了句型watch sb.doing sth.（"观看某人正在做某事），这里用现在分词作宾补。故填singing。
（6）考查连词。句意：但是我找不到回去的路了。根据空后"I couldn't find the way back"可知，这里与上文"我"听见小鸟唱歌、拍照片形成对比，是相反的意思，应用but表示转折，句首单词首字母大写。故答案为But。
（7）考查形容词。句意：我尝试了不同的路线。difference"差异、不同"，是一个名词。根据句子结构可知该空修饰后面的ways，应用形容词。故填different。
（8）考查冠词。句意：然而最后我还是在同一个地方。空后same意为"相同的"，前面常与定冠词the搭配修饰名词。故填the。
（9）考查特殊疑问词。句意：我该怎么办？本句为特殊疑问句，作do的宾语表示"什么"，所以用what，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
（10）考查介词。句意：我不得不呆在树下等我的父母。wait for sb."等待某人"，wait为不及物动词，后跟宾语，加上介词for。故填for。
这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了去年夏天作者和父母一起去了英国旅行，短文中作者介绍了他在Cornwall游玩的时候发生的一件事。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
31.【答案】How to deal with pressure
Pressure is a serious problem for some certain students.Here are a few reasons for it.Some students can't get on well with their classmates，while others may worry about their exams.【高分句型一】（压力的原因）
I'm under pressure，too.My parents want me to be a pianist.So they send me to the after-school classes at weekends.But I don't like playing the piano.Last Monday evening，I had a talk with my mother.My mother understood me at last.（你的压力）
Pressure sometimes can make us sick，so we should learn to deal with it properly.Firstly，we should face the pressure appropriately.Secondly，tell our pressure to others.Talking is a very effective way of reducing pressure，and we may get some useful suggestions.Last but not least，trust ourselves.We should believe that we can deal with any trouble.【高分句型二】（处理压力的方法）
【解析】高分句型一：Some students can't get on well with their classmates，while others may worry about their exams.
译文：有些学生和同学相处不好，而另一些学生则可能担心自己的考试。
分析：这句话使用了while连接并列句，表示对比，意为"然而"。
高分句型二：We should believe that we can deal with any trouble.
译文：我们应该相信我们能应付任何麻烦。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的宾语从句。
图表作文的结构通常是三段式：
第一段分析图表中的数据变化反映出的问题或趋势，简要概述图表所揭示的信息；
第二段分析原因；
第三段提出解决问题的办法或建议。
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