北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 9Human Biology Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone 课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
新北师大版高中英语选择性必修三Unit9 Human Biology
Lesson1 To Clone or not to Clone
Lead-in
Who is it
What is it doing
[（第一卷 石破天惊 第十一章 不打不识与牛魔结义 ）写道：
魔王又气又急，刀下毫不放松，仍然是一刀快似一刀，刀刀追命，猴王见状，好似个没完没了，心下想，也罢，我就再陪他玩玩，乘空时从身上拔下一根毫毛，念动口诀，在口前轻轻一吹，叫了声“变”，立时便凭空出现了三个小猴儿，围在了牛魔王的身前和左右两侧]
(在西游记中，孙悟空只要从自己身上拔出一根毫毛，放在嘴边一吹，就可以变出无数个跟自己一模一样的小猴子。What is the matter )
That's cloning.
Get to the topic
Lead-in
What do you know about cloning What additional information would you like to know Use the words and phrases to help you.
cell to edit genes to develop artificially to break the technical barrier
species identical genes to make an exact copy of to produce animal models
Example
Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means.
I want to know how to edit genes.
克隆（Clone）是指生物体通过体细胞进行的无性繁殖，以及由无性繁殖形成的基因型完全相同的后代个体组成的种群。通常是利用生物技术由无性生殖产生与原个体基因完全相同的个体或种群。
Lead-in
definition & natural cloning
artificial cloning: cloned mammals
artificial cloning: cloned primates
the significance of cloning of primates
moral concerns
conclusion
Fast Reading: Match the headings with the paragraphs
Para 1
Para 2
Para 3
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
Intensive Reading
To clone or not to clone
definition
natural cloning
Para 1
artificial cloning
Para 2-4
cloned mammals
Para 2
cloned primates
Para 3
the significance of cloning of primates
Para 4
Draw a structural map to show how the paragraphs are organised.
Intensive Reading
To Clone or Not to Clone
moral concerns
Para 5
conclusion
Para 6
Draw a structural map to show how the paragraphs are organised.
Read the first four paragraphs to answer the following questions.
1. What was the first cloned mammal What happened to her
2. How has the science of cloning developed since the first cloned mammal
3. What development in cloning was announced in 2018 What was special about it
4. For how long did Dr. Sun Qiang’s team work Why did they work so hard
5. Why was it significant to clone primates
Intensive Reading
1. What was the first cloned mammal What happened to her
It was a sheep named Dolly in 1996.
At first, Dolly grew normally. But later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals. She lived for six and a half years, only half the life of the sheep from which she was cloned.
Intensive Reading
2. How has the science of cloning developed since the first cloned mammal
After Dolly, scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species, including camels, cattle, deer, dogs, goats, and mice.
Intensive Reading
3. What development in cloning was announced in 2018 What was special about it
In January 2018, Chinese scientists announced the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua. They were the first-ever primates to have been cloned! Cloning primates is much harder and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated.
Intensive Reading
Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua
Intensive Reading
4. For how long did Dr. Sun Qiang’s team work Why did they work so hard
They worked 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years.
They wanted to get animals with edited genes and produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health.
Intensive Reading
Dr. Sun Qiang and one of his team members
Intensive Reading
5. Why was it significant to clone primates
It might lead to cures for various diseases.
It may offer clues on how to prevent the aging process.
It allows us to have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time.
It may allow us to change their genes to suit research needs.
It could help save research time.
Intensive Reading
5. Why was it significant to clone primates
It could reduce the number of animals required for testing.
It could produce more accurate results.
It could lead to more effective treatments.
Intensive Reading
Potential benefits
will lead to cures for various diseases
Intensive Reading
Read paragraphs 5 and 6. Finish the columns.
prevent aging, save research time, reduce the number of animals being tested on, producing more accurate results, better treatments
Moral concerns
has refreshed the technical possibility of cloning of other species
Intensive Reading
clones should be treated as objects or individuals, clones are inferior, some organisations may abuse the technology
Read paragraphs 5 and 6. Finish the columns.
What does Einstein’s quote mean
“Science is a powerful instrument. How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. A knife is useful, but it can also kill.”
Intensive Reading
Science itself cannot be judged as good or bad, because
it can only function when it is used by humans. Humans need to be careful with the information they learn through science and to remember to use science for good.
Complete the summary using the information in the article.
Natural cloning has taken place for generations. An example of this is identical
1 ________. A sheep called Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned 2 __________. Since Dolly, more than 20 mammal 3 __________ have been cloned including camels and goats. In 2018, China announced that two monkeys had been cloned.
twins
artificially
species
Summary
In comparison with other species, scientists have had to work hard to break the technical 4 _______
to get primates with 5 _________ genes. Scientists say that this major breakthrough offers the 6 _____________ to creat monkeys with 7 ________ genes to give more 8 _________ research results and perhaps lead to 9 ___________ for various diseases. Whilst scientists insist it is 10 _________ to continue research, others raise 11 _________ concerns and worry that the technology might be 12 __________ by some organisations.
barriers
edited
potential
identical
accurate
cures
crucial
moral
abused
1. At first, Dolly grew normally, but later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals.
句意：起初，多莉发育正常，但后来患上了一种疾病，这种疾病常见于衰老的动物。
Dolly, 克隆羊多莉。多莉1996年7月5日诞生于英国爱丁堡市罗斯林研究所，是一只通过现代工程创造出来的雌性绵羊，也是世界上第一个成功克隆的人造动物。
Summary
1. At first, Dolly grew normally, but later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals.
句意：起初，多莉发育正常，但后来患上了一种疾病，这种疾病常见于衰老的动物。
develop v
1） 发展；壮大
例句：
The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort. 这个地方从一个小渔村迅速发展成为一个繁荣的旅游胜地。
2. 开发/研制产品
例句：
The company develops and markets new software.
这个公司开发并销售新软件。
3. 患病；出现问题
例句：
Her son developed asthma when he was two.
她的儿子两岁时患了哮喘。
4. 发生；变化
例句：
We need more time to see how things develop before we take action.
我们采取行动之前需要有更多时间观察情况的发展。
5. 冲洗（胶片）
例句：
I had the film developed yesterday.
我昨天把胶卷冲洗出来了。
6. 修建；开发
例句：
The site is being developed by a French company.
这块地正在由一家法国公司开发。
2. In January 2018, the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, was announced by Chinese scientists.
句意：2018年1月，中国科学家宣布成功克隆两只长尾猴，中中和华华。
Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua 世界首对体细胞克隆猴。首只克隆猴“中中”于2017年11月27日在位于上海的中国科学院神经科学研究所、脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心的非人灵长类平台诞生；2017年12月5日，第二只克隆猴“华华”诞生。
2. In January 2018, the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, was announced by Chinese scientists.
句意：2018年1月，中国科学家宣布成功克隆两只长尾猴，中中和华华。
announce v. 宣布，宣告（决定、计划等）
1) announce sth.
例句：
They haven’t formally announced their engagement yet.
他们还没有正式宣布订婚。
2) announce that 从句
例句：
We are pleased to announce that we won the game.
我们高兴地宣布，我们赢得了这场比赛。
3) it was announced that 从句
例句：
It was announced that the number of middle schools in that city had grown to 108.
据宣布，那个城市的中学在数量上已增至108所。
3. In comparison with other species, cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”, and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated.
句意：与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆更为复杂。
comparison n. 比较，对照
1) comparison of ...
例句：
I will show you a comparison of the British and German economies.
我将向你展示英国经济和德国经济之间的比较。
2) comparison between ...
例句：Could you make a comparison between the two films 你能将两个电影比较一下吗？
3) by/in comparison (with sb/sth)
例句：The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with New York’s skyscrapers.
伦敦最高的建筑物与纽约的摩天大厦一比就相形见绌。
4) There’s no comparison ... 无法相比，不能相提并论
例句：
There’s absolutely no comparison between the two restaurants.
这两家饭店完全不能相提并论。
4. Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been wholly devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1, 000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years.
句意：研究小组的负责人孙强博士说，他们全身心地投入到研究中，5年多来每周7天，每天24小时照看1000多只猴子。
devote v.
1) devote oneself to sb/sth 献身；致力；专心
例句：
She devoted herself to her career.
她全力倾注于自己的事业。
2) devote sth to sth 把……用于
例句：
I could only devote two hours a day to the work.
我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。
3) devoted adj. 爱好的；热衷的；致力的
be devoted to sth 致力于……的
例句：
She has been devoted to the cause of educatuion for many years.
她致力于教育事业很多年了。
5. They believe it is bound to lead to cloning of other species, and they worry about the ethical questions this raises.
句意：他们认为这项技术必将导致其他物种的克隆，担心由此会引发伦理问题。
bound adj. 一定会；很可能会
1) be bound to do/be sth
例句：
Your education is bound to affect your world view.
你的教育程度必然会影响你的世界观。
You are bound to be nervous the first time.
第一次总是会紧张的。
2) it is/was bound to do/ be sth
例句：
It was bound to happen sooner or later.
这事迟早都是要发生的。
It’s bound to be sunny again tomorrow.
明天肯定又是阳光灿烂。
6. Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.
句意：研究人员认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。
insist v. 坚持；坚决认为/主张/要求
1) insist that (从句要用虚拟语气)
例句：
My family insisted that I (should) stay and fight.
我的家人坚持认为我应该留下来继续抗争。
They insisted that he (should) be present at the ceremony. 他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。
2) insist on
例句：
He insisted on his innocence. 他坚持认为自己无罪。
insist v. 坚称；坚持说
1) insist that (从句不用虚拟语气)
例句：
The president insisted that he was acting out of compassion. 总统坚持说他这么做是出于同情。
2) insist +quote
例句：
“It’s not that difficult,” she insists.
“并没有那么困难。”她坚持说。