浑源中学2022-2023学年第二学期高一年级期末考试
英语试题
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
一、阅读理解(共15小题：每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Travel Peru
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
1. If you are a wildlife addict, which tour is your best choice
A. Cusco Tour.
B. Lake Titicaca Tour.
C. Machu Picchu Tour.
D. Amazon Rainforest Tour.
2. What is special about Muachu Picchu Tour
A. The ancient city.
B. The plants and animals.
C. The dry stone method of building.
D. The paths through the Andes Mountains.
3. What do Cusco Tour and Lake Titicaca Tour have in common
A. Visitors can live in hotels.
B Visitors can experience local life.
C. Visitors can enjoy the beautiful countryside.
D. Visitors can go shopping at the local markets.
B
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
4. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
5. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend’s invitation.
6. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey
A. It could be a home for her. B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
C
Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.
Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the ice volume seen today.
The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism.
In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100.
The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there.
Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.
8. What does the underlined word “doomed” mean in paragraph 1
A. Polluted. B. Discovered. C. Endangered. D. Abandoned.
9. What can we infer from paragraph 2
A. Emissions have much to do with the ice melting.
B. The Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100.
C. Ice loss will be avoided with emissions prevented.
D. Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top.
10. Why are the Asia’s ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To explain how glacier melting came about.
B. To imply pollution is a worldwide problem.
C. To show what consequences ice melting will cause.
D. To indicate the Alps is not alone to face ice melting.
11. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of glaciers
A. Objective. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
D
Harvesting fruit is a very precise operation. The fruit must be picked when it is perfectly ripe. But with pickers in short supply in recent years. growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops. Tevel Aerobotics Technologies came to the farmers’ rescue with the Flying Autonomous Robots (FARs) that can help pick fruit.
“Not finding enough fruit pickers is every farmer’s biggest concern,” Yaniv Maor, Tevel’s founder and CEO said. Ask any farmer, anywhere in the world and they’ll tell you they don’t have the people. Food consumption is increasing, but labor availability(劳动力可用性) is decreasing. If pickers are not available. fruit will go bad on the trees. The flying robots will work day and night in almost any weather, without taking a break, to pick as much ripe fruit as possible.
Maor set up Tevel in 2017 and developed the technology after seeing young Israelis pick fruit and get tired after a few hours. He realized that there had to be a better way, so he began developing the software and artificial intelligence (AI) that are needed for the smart robot pickers. “We have to teach the robots about the structure of each fruit how to access the fruit and how to rotate(转动) it and disconnect it from the tree,” Maor said.
The flying robots circle round trees and pick only the ripe ones with a twist(扭动) of their integrated grasper arms. The robots are fitted with cameras that USC AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe ones are picked. The cameras also ensure that the robots’ paths are not blocked.
The robots arc currently picking Asian pears in Israel. In 2022, the FARs were used in pilot programs in Italy to pick peaches and other fruits, as well as in the US. They are not a replacement for labor, instead, they are a solution for the inadequate human pickers. In the future fewer people will work in picking and more will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
12. Why are the FARs developed
A To meet the shortage of pickers to pick fruit.
B. To improve the software and AI for smart robots.
C. To help farmers keep the fruit in perfect condition.
D To relieve farmers from the tiredness of picking fruit.
13 What can we infer from paragraphs 2 and 3
A. Maor developed the FARs out of curiosity.
B. The FARs can produce more fruit for food consumption.
C. Labor shortage is an urgent problem in every country.
D. The FARs can work without stop in almost any weather.
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. How the robots work. B. What the robots consist of.
C. Why the robots are useful. D. Where the robots are used.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the FARs
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Worried. D. Unclear.
二、七选五(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Have a Successful Teenage Life
Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. ____16____
Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. ____17____ School sets you up on the right track!
Do good in your community (社区). Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁) than people who don’t. ____18____ For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.
____19____ Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. ____20____ You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.
A. Live life to the fullest.
B. Be nice to your parents and teachers.
C. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.
D. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.
E. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.
F. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.
G. Doing so will help you get into a better university and have a bright future.
三、 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)。
As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I found myself refusing to ____21____ out at home with even the simplest things.
Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother ____22____ me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she’d rush to the nearby store and buy a week’s worth of ____23____. Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, and ____24____ for my lesson, you’d think I’d be very ____25____ to help her bring the groceries into the house. But I wasn’t. I generally just brought in an armload and left the rest for Mom as I ran to my room and shut the door.
Don’t get me wrong. Back in my room, I felt ____26____ about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my ____27____ . But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility, my parents would start ____28____ more from me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would mark something much bigger: my personal change from a spoiled(宠坏的) child to a more ____29____ young man.
I’ll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) _____30_____ to try and see what would happen. Returning home from the lesson I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning _____31_____. Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and _____32_____ back to the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day! Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The more I helped out, the _____33_____ I felt about myself. As Mom and Dad realized they could _____34_____ on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too.
Sometimes the little things we put off dong for the longest time _____35_____ out to be simplest things to complete. Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.
21. A. start B. cry C. help D. work
22. A. left B. guild C. walked D. drove
23. A. fruits B. flowers C. groceries D. vegetables
24. A. fought B. paid C. prepared D. waited
25. A. grateful B. nervous C. confident D. unwilling
26. A. excited B. curious C. doubtful D. regretful
27. A. way B. world C. career D. build
28. A. warning B. encouraging C. expecting D. praising
29. A. energetic B. ambitious C. outgoing D. responsible
30. A. excuse B. decision C. promise D. mistake
31. A. shame B. anger C. delight D. pleasure
32. A. called B. looked C. headed D. handed
33. A. smarter B. better C. warmer D. stronger
34. A. live B. press C. focus D. depend
35. A. make B. turn C. point D. bring
四、短文填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For more than 2000 years, the teachings of Confucius ___36___ (be)an important part of Chinese culture. Scholars in ancient China were expected ___37___ (educate)in the philosophy and moral values of Confucius. Even today, Confucian thought is still greatly valued ___38___ in China and in other East Asian countries.
When you read the writings of Confucius, you will see a constantly appearing word, a Chinese character that represents the heart of Confucian thought: ___39___ character ren. What is ren If you look ___40___ (close)at the written character, you can understand ___41___ it means. The left—hand element of the character represents a person: the element on the right stands for the number two. The two elements, when ___42___ (join), indicate relationships between individuals, or with all of society.
Confucius taught that ren was the ___43___ (high)moral principle, the standard ___44___ which all other morals were measured. Mencius, one of the greatest scholars famous for his in-depth ___45___ (analyze)of Confucian thinking, explained ren like this: “love one’s parents, love people, love everything in the world.” This kind of love should direct everything we do. It leads the way to all other virtues in life.
五、书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的外国中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：
1. 口语能力；
2. 相关经验；
3. 应聘目的。
注意：1. 字数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
57-year-old Sean Currey knew the value of treating others in the way he intended to be treated. Hence, he lived by that principle in his whole life, which eventually took him off the streets at the right time.
Sean Currey became unemployed during the pandemic, and ended up homeless, searching through dustbins (垃圾桶) around San Rafael, California, to meet his needs. Once, he made an unusual find at the bottom of a dustbin just behind a coffee shop. Looking through the purse, he discovered a series of credit cards, debit cards, healthcare cards and a business card, identifying the purse’s owner as an 80-year-old woman, Evelyn Topper.
Interestingly, the woman lived in Mill Valley, about six miles away from his location. Knowing how discouraging it was to lose one’s possessions, Currey figured he needed to return the purse to its rightful owner. Then Sean Currey gave Topper a call, using the contact details on the business card. His guess was accurate, as the elderly woman had been extremely worried since losing her purse days ago.
According to Evelyn Topper, she stopped by a coffee shop on December 9 to get a hot drink and a bubble tea for her 12-year-old granddaughter. She paid for both drinks and put the purse into her pocket. Unfortunately, the purse fell off somewhere along the way, and by the time she reached home, she discovered her purse was gone.
Evelyn Topper contacted the coffee shop immediately, receiving the heartbreaking news that her purse was not there. Next, she checked her car, and all the rooms in her apartment, but did not find it. Eventually, she concluded the purse must have been dropped somewhere on the way home.
Just when she gave up finding her purse, Topper received Currey’s call. She screamed in delight when she learned he had her purse. They met up immediately in front of a nearby shopping center, where Currey returned the purse. The woman called her daughter and granddaughter, Mikayla Gounard, to tell them what had happened. That was when Mikayla decided to repay Currey’s kindness.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
It was Mikayla’s twelfth birthday.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The money collected at the birthday party changed Currey’s life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________浑源中学2022-2023学年第二学期高一年级期末考试
英语试题
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
一、阅读理解(共15小题：每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Travel Peru
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
1. If you are a wildlife addict, which tour is your best choice
A. Cusco Tour.
B. Lake Titicaca Tour.
C. Machu Picchu Tour.
D. Amazon Rainforest Tour.
2. What is special about Muachu Picchu Tour
A. The ancient city.
B. The plants and animals.
C. The dry stone method of building.
D. The paths through the Andes Mountains.
3. What do Cusco Tour and Lake Titicaca Tour have in common
A. Visitors can live in hotels.
B. Visitors can experience local life.
C. Visitors can enjoy the beautiful countryside.
D. Visitors can go shopping at the local markets.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了秘鲁四个不同地方的旅游情况，并欢迎游客去秘鲁旅游。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Amazon Rainforest Tour部分的“You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.(然后你可以在当地导游的带领下花三天时间探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。)”可知，如果你是野生动物爱好者，Amazon Rainforest Tour是你最好的选择。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Machu Picchu Tour部分的“Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building.(尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建筑方法。)”可知，Muachu Picchu Tour的特别之处是用干石建造的方法。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cusco Tour部分的“Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.(住在当地的酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑，享受当地美食，去当地市场购物。)”和Lake Titicaca Tour部分的“There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days.(在那里，一艘船将带你到一个岛上与当地的Uros家庭住上三天。)”可知，Cusco Tour和Lake Titicaca Tour的共同之处在于游客可以体验当地的生活。故选B。
B
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
4. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
5. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend’s invitation.
6. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey
A. It could be a home for her. B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了71岁的Ginni Bazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.(在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，Ginni开始周游世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。)”可知，此处是指做有挑战性的事情，所以take the plunge意为“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera del Fuego. (正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. (意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ginni Bazlinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“These gentle lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. (这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段Ginni Bazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了Ginni Bazlinton的南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable experience. (一次难忘的经历) 能够概括文章主旨。故选B。
【点睛】
C
Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.
Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the ice volume seen today.
The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism.
In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100.
The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there.
Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.
8. What does the underlined word “doomed” mean in paragraph 1
A. Polluted. B. Discovered. C. Endangered. D. Abandoned.
9. What can we infer from paragraph 2
A. Emissions have much to do with the ice melting.
B. The Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100.
C. Ice loss will be avoided with emissions prevented.
D. Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top.
10. Why are the Asia’s ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To explain how glacier melting came about.
B. To imply pollution is a worldwide problem.
C. To show what consequences ice melting will cause.
D. To indicate the Alps is not alone to face ice melting.
11. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of glaciers
A. Objective. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿尔卑斯山和亚洲的冰川面临严重威胁，可能在本世纪末融化，文中分析了其原因，同时也提出了解决问题的思路。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study. (根据最近的一项研究，随着全球气温的上升，这些冰川将在本世纪末融化)”可知，冰川将在本世纪末融化，由此推知，划线词所在句中的“阿尔卑斯山的冰川”也面临同样的威胁，结合选项可知，划线词doomed与endangered同义，意为“有危险的”。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century.(科学家们预测，到2050年，由于全球变暖，由于过去排放的影响，阿尔卑斯山4000多座冰川中一半的冰将消失。在那之后，即使碳排放降至零，到2100年仍会有三分之二的冰融化。如果排放量继续以目前的速度增长，到本世纪末，这些冰舌将几乎从阿尔卑斯山谷中消失)”可推知，碳排放与冰融化有很大关系。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons.(今年2月，一项研究发现，由于同样的原因，亚洲高耸山脉中三分之一的巨大冰原也面临威胁)”可推知，第四段提到亚洲的冰原是为了表明阿尔卑斯山并不是唯一面临冰融化的地方。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合文章最后一段“Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.(减少化石燃料燃烧、森林砍伐和其他污染活动的排放是最大限度地减少冰融化的最大因素。这些冰川的未来确实处于危险之中，但仍然有可能限制它们的消失)”可知，文中作者表达了对碳排放造成冰川融化的担忧，但同时也提出改变这一情况的可能，所以作者认为冰川的未来取决于人类自身，对冰川的未来持客观的态度。故选A项。
D
Harvesting fruit is a very precise operation. The fruit must be picked when it is perfectly ripe. But with pickers in short supply in recent years. growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops. Tevel Aerobotics Technologies came to the farmers’ rescue with the Flying Autonomous Robots (FARs) that can help pick fruit.
“Not finding enough fruit pickers is every farmer’s biggest concern,” Yaniv Maor, Tevel’s founder and CEO said. Ask any farmer, anywhere in the world and they’ll tell you they don’t have the people. Food consumption is increasing, but labor availability(劳动力可用性) is decreasing. If pickers are not available. fruit will go bad on the trees. The flying robots will work day and night in almost any weather, without taking a break, to pick as much ripe fruit as possible.
Maor set up Tevel in 2017 and developed the technology after seeing young Israelis pick fruit and get tired after a few hours. He realized that there had to be a better way, so he began developing the software and artificial intelligence (AI) that are needed for the smart robot pickers. “We have to teach the robots about the structure of each fruit how to access the fruit and how to rotate(转动) it and disconnect it from the tree,” Maor said.
The flying robots circle round trees and pick only the ripe ones with a twist(扭动) of their integrated grasper arms. The robots are fitted with cameras that USC AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe ones are picked. The cameras also ensure that the robots’ paths are not blocked.
The robots arc currently picking Asian pears in Israel. In 2022, the FARs were used in pilot programs in Italy to pick peaches and other fruits, as well as in the US. They are not a replacement for labor, instead, they are a solution for the inadequate human pickers. In the future fewer people will work in picking and more will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
12. Why are the FARs developed
A. To meet the shortage of pickers to pick fruit.
B. To improve the software and AI for smart robots.
C. To help farmers keep the fruit in perfect condition.
D. To relieve farmers from the tiredness of picking fruit.
13. What can we infer from paragraphs 2 and 3
A. Maor developed the FARs out of curiosity.
B. The FARs can produce more fruit for food consumption.
C. Labor shortage is an urgent problem in every country.
D. The FARs can work without stop in almost any weather.
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. How the robots work. B. What the robots consist of.
C Why the robots are useful. D. Where the robots are used.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the FARs
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Worried. D. Unclear.
【答案】12 A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们利用飞行机器人采摘水果来解决劳动力短缺问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But with pickers in short supply in recent years. growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops. Tevel Aerobotics Technologies came to the farmers’ rescue with the Flying Autonomous Robots (FARs) that can help pick fruit.”（但近年来采摘机供不应求。种植者需要迅速找到另一种收割作物的方法。Tevel Aerobotics Technologies公司推出了自动飞行机器人(FARs)，可以帮助农民采摘水果。）可知，开发飞行机器人是为了满足采摘人员采摘水果的短缺。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The flying robots will work day and night in almost any weather, without taking a break, to pick as much ripe fruit as possible.”（这些飞行机器人将在几乎任何天气下不分昼夜地工作，不间断地采摘尽可能多的成熟水果。）可推知，飞行机器人几乎可以在任何天气下不间断地工作。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The flying robots circle round trees and pick only the ripe ones with a twist(扭动) of their integrated grasper arms. The robots are fitted with cameras that USC AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe ones are picked. The cameras also ensure that the robots’ paths are not blocked.”（飞行机器人绕着树转，用集成的抓取臂旋转，只采摘成熟的树。这些机器人配备了南加州大学人工智能(USC AI)的摄像头，可以评估水果的大小和颜色，以便只采摘成熟的水果。摄像头还可以确保机器人的路径不被阻塞。）可知，第四段主要讲了机器人是如何工作的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They are not a replacement for labor, instead, they are a solution for the inadequate human pickers. In the future fewer people will work in picking and more will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.”（它们不是劳动力的替代品，相反，它们是人类采摘能力不足的解决方案。在未来，更少的人将从事采摘工作，更多的人将从事管理机器人、分析数据和做出决策的工作。）可推知，作者对飞行机器人的态度是肯定积极的。故选B项。
二、七选五(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Have a Successful Teenage Life
Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. ____16____
Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. ____17____ School sets you up on the right track!
Do good in your community (社区). Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁) than people who don’t. ____18____ For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.
____19____ Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. ____20____ You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.
A. Live life to the fullest.
B. Be nice to your parents and teachers.
C. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.
D. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.
E. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.
F Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.
G. Doing so will help you get into a better university and have a bright future.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何有一个成功的青少年生活。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard(即使在十几岁的时候，你也可以在生活中取得成功；真的没那么难)”以及下文“Do well in school(在学校表现出色)”可知，上文说的是在生活中取得成功并不难，下文直接给出了具体的建议，因此空白处应为过渡句，起承上启下的作用，引出下面的建议，与E项“Here are some important points that you may find helpful.(以下是一些你可能会觉得有帮助的要点)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school;listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades.(无论现在多么无聊，教育都会帮助你成为社会中有生产力的一员。尽你最大的努力在学校取得优异成绩；听老师的话，做作业，学习，取得好成绩)”可知，上文说的是具体的做法，下文应对为什么这样做进行解释，与G项“Doing so will help you get into a better university and have a bright future.(这样做将帮助你进入一所更好的大学，并有一个光明的未来)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier.(志愿服务不仅能提高你所在社区的地位，还能让你更快乐)”可知此处上下文说的是要参与志愿者服务工作，与C项“Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.(找机会做你感兴趣的志愿者工作)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Remember, they’ re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes.(记住，他们是来帮助你做到最好的。尊重他们，重视他们的意见，即使他们有时会惹恼你)”可知，此处上下文说的是要对空白处提到的人好一点，与B项“Be nice to your parents and teachers(对你的父母和老师好一点)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes(尊重他们，重视他们的意见，即使他们有时会惹恼你)”可知，下文应该对上文做法进行解释，与F项“Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.(记住，他们做事是因为他们关心你)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
三、 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)。
As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I found myself refusing to ____21____ out at home with even the simplest things.
Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother ____22____ me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she’d rush to the nearby store and buy a week’s worth of ____23____. Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, and ____24____ for my lesson, you’d think I’d be very ____25____ to help her bring the groceries into the house. But I wasn’t. I generally just brought in an armload and left the rest for Mom as I ran to my room and shut the door.
Don’t get me wrong. Back in my room, I felt ____26____ about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my ____27____ . But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility, my parents would start ____28____ more from me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would mark something much bigger: my personal change from a spoiled(宠坏的) child to a more ____29____ young man.
I’ll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) _____30_____ to try and see what would happen. Returning home from the lesson I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning _____31_____. Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and _____32_____ back to the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day! Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The more I helped out, the _____33_____ I felt about myself. As Mom and Dad realized they could _____34_____ on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too.
Sometimes the little things we put off dong for the longest time _____35_____ out to be simplest things to complete. Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.
21. A. start B. cry C. help D. work
22. A. left B. guild C. walked D. drove
23. A. fruits B. flowers C. groceries D. vegetables
24. A. fought B. paid C. prepared D. waited
25. A. grateful B. nervous C. confident D. unwilling
26. A. excited B. curious C. doubtful D. regretful
27. A. way B. world C. career D. build
28. A. warning B. encouraging C. expecting D. praising
29. A. energetic B. ambitious C. outgoing D. responsible
30. A. excuse B. decision C. promise D. mistake
31. A. shame B. anger C. delight D. pleasure
32. A. called B. looked C. headed D. handed
33. A. smarter B. better C. warmer D. stronger
34. A. live B. press C. focus D. depend
35. A. make B. turn C. point D. bring
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从一个被宠坏的的小孩成长为一个负责任的年轻人的经历。最终作者感悟到有时候我们不愿意做的小事结果完成起来是最简单的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己连最简单的家务都不愿意帮忙。A. start开始；B. cry哭；C. help帮助；D. work工作。根据上文“As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family.”可知，我在为家人做事时非常懒惰，可推知，此处为我发现自己连最简单的家务都不愿意帮忙。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，每周三下午，我妈妈开车带我去另一个城镇上钢琴课。A. left离开；B. guild指导；C. walked步行；D. drove开车。根据下文“Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there,”可知，妈妈开车12英里把我送到那里。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我两个小时的课上，她会冲到附近的商店买一周的食品杂货。A. fruits水果；B. flowers花；C. groceries杂货店；D. vegetables蔬菜。根据下文“you’d think I’d be very ____5____ to help her bring the groceries into the house.”她把食品杂货搬到家里。可知，此处为在我两个小时的课上，她会冲到附近的商店买一周的食品杂货。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我妈妈开车带我去了12英里的地方，又带我回来了12英里，还付了我的学费，你会认为我会非常感激地帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A. fought打斗；B. paid支付；C. prepared准备；D. waited等待。根据该句中的“Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back,”可知，作者在讲妈妈对他的好，开车12英里把他送去上课，又开车12英里接回来，为他的钢琴课付钱。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我妈妈开车带我去了12英里的地方，又带我回来了12英里，还付了我的学费，你会认为我会非常感激地帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A. grateful感激的；B. nervous紧张的；C. confident自信的；D. unwilling不愿意的。根据上文“Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back,”可知，妈妈对自己很好，由此可推知，此处为你会认为我会非常感激地帮她把食品杂货搬回家。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到房间，我后悔没有多帮助妈妈。A. excited激动的；B. curious好奇的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. regretful后悔的。根据下文“Deep inside, I wanted to change my ____7____ . ”以及文章最后一句“Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.”可推知，此处为回到房间，我后悔没有多帮助妈妈。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在内心深处，我想改变我的方式。A. way方式；B. world世界；C. career事业；D. build建造。根据下文“Sometimes the little things we put off dong for the longest time ____15____ out to be simplest things to complete.”可知，为具体的改变方式，由此可推知，此处为在内心深处，我想改变我的方式。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我也意识到，一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会开始对我有更高的期望。A. warning警告；B. encouraging鼓励；C. expecting期望；D. praising赞扬。根据句意以及该句中的“But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility”承担了更多的责任，可推知，此处为但我也意识到，一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会开始对我有更高的期望。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：15岁时，我意识到这个小小改变将标志着更大的变化：我个人从一个被宠坏的孩子变成一个更有责任感的年轻人。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. ambitious有雄心的；C. outgoing外向的；D. responsible有责任的。根据上文提到的一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会开始对我有更高的期望。以及下文“…help my mother. How happy I felt that day!”帮助我妈妈，我感到非常高兴。可推知，此处为我个人从一个被宠坏的孩子变成一个更有责任感的年轻人。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记那个星期三，我做了一个决定，试着看看会发生什么。A. excuse借口；B. decision决定；C. promise承诺；D. mistake错误。根据句意以及该句中的“…to try and see what would happen.”可推知，此处为我永远不会忘记那个星期三，我做了一个决定，试着看看会发生什么。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一进去，我就感到深深的、灼热的羞愧。A. shame羞耻；B. anger生气；C. delight高兴；D. pleasure高兴。根据上文“Back in my room, I felt regretful about not helping my mother more.”提到的回到房间，我后悔没有多帮助妈妈。以及下文做出的具体改变，结合语境可推知，此处为我一回到房间，就感到深深的、灼热的羞愧。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把课本扔在床上，突然打开门，回到车库去帮妈妈。A. called喊叫；B. looked看；C. headed朝某方向前进；D. handed递给。根据上文提到的我一进去就感到深深的、灼热的羞愧。以及该句中的“I suddenly opened my door”突然打开门，可推知，此处为我把课本扔在床上，突然打开门，回到车库去帮妈妈。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我帮得越多，自我感觉就越好。A. smarter更聪明；B. better更好的；C. warmer更暖和；D. stronger更强壮。根据句意以及该句中的“The more I helped out”可知，此处为我帮得越多，自我感觉就越好。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸妈妈意识到他们可以更多地依赖我时，我们的旅行压力也大大减少了。A. live生活；B. press按压；C. focus聚焦；D. depend依靠。根据句意以及该句中的“our trips became far less stressful, too.”我们的旅行压力也大大减少了，可推知，此处为当爸爸妈妈意识到他们可以更多地依赖我时，我们的旅行压力也大大减少了，depend on固定搭配，“依赖”。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时候，我们拖延了很久的小事情，最终变成了最简单的事情。A. make out理解，辨认出；B. turn out结果是，最后是；C. point out指出，指明；D. bring out出版，生产。根据句意以及该句中的“be simplest things to complete.”可知，此处为有时候，我们拖延了很久的小事情，最终变成了最简单的事情。故选B项。
四、短文填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For more than 2,000 years, the teachings of Confucius ___36___ (be)an important part of Chinese culture. Scholars in ancient China were expected ___37___ (educate)in the philosophy and moral values of Confucius. Even today, Confucian thought is still greatly valued ___38___ in China and in other East Asian countries.
When you read the writings of Confucius, you will see a constantly appearing word, a Chinese character that represents the heart of Confucian thought: ___39___ character ren. What is ren If you look ___40___ (close)at the written character, you can understand ___41___ it means. The left—hand element of the character represents a person: the element on the right stands for the number two. The two elements, when ___42___ (join), indicate relationships between individuals, or with all of society.
Confucius taught that ren was the ___43___ (high)moral principle, the standard ___44___ which all other morals were measured. Mencius, one of the greatest scholars famous for his in-depth ___45___ (analyze)of Confucian thinking, explained ren like this: “love one’s parents, love people, love everything in the world.” This kind of love should direct everything we do. It leads the way to all other virtues in life.
【答案】36. have been
37. to be educated
38. both 39. the
40. closely
41. what 42. joined
43. highest
44. by 45. analysis
【解析】
【导语】文本是一篇说明文，主要介绍了孔子思想中“仁”的概念。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：两千多年来，孔子的教诲一直是中国文化的重要组成部分。分析句子结构可知，本空为句子谓语。根据空前的“for more than 2000 years”可知，句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时，并且主语“the teachings of Confucius”中的“the teachings”为复数。故填have been。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国古代的学者期望接受孔子的哲学和道德价值观的教育。设空处前的“were expected”可知，短语“be expected to do sth.”意为“期望做某事”，且Scholars in ancient China与动词educate(教育)为动宾关系，故用过去分词educated表被动。故填to be educated。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：即使在今天，儒家思想在中国和其他东亚国家仍然非常受重视。both...and... 意为“不仅……而且……，……和……（两者）都”，用于连接两个并列的事物，空后面的“in China”和“in other East Asian countries”为并列关系，且两者之间又有“and”，故填both。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当你阅读孔子的著作时，你会看到一个不断出现的词，一个代表儒家思想核心的汉字:“仁”。空前“a Chinese character”与空后的“character ren”为同一事物，都指的是汉字“仁”；上文提到的事物，在下文再次提及时，则名词前需要用定冠词the。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果你近看这文字，你就能明白它的意思。设空处前面的词为动词“look”，故此处应用副词修饰动词，close要转换为副词closely(接近地)。故填closely。
【41题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：如果你近看这文字，你就能明白它的意思。空前的“understand”为主句的谓语动词，故“understand”后面为句子的宾语，空后面的“it means”为一个句子，因此设空处应填一个连接词引导宾语从句，且在后面“it means”这个从句中充当宾语成分。故根据句意得知，此处填what。
【42题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当这两个元素结合在一起时，表明了个人之间或与整个社会的关系。分析句子结构可知，状语从句中when后省略了they are，they代替the two elements。根据句意得知“the two elements”应是“被结合在一起”，故they与join(结合)构成动宾关系，此处填过去分词joined做状语。故填joined。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：孔子教导说，仁是最高的道德原则，是衡量所有其他道德的标准。根据句意得知，“孔子教导仁是最高级的道德原则”，结合空前定冠词the, 故本空应填形容词最高级highest(最高的)。故填highest。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：孔子教导说，仁是最高的道德原则，是衡量所有其他道德的标准。分析句子结构可知，the standard为先行词，其后为其定语从句。“be measured by”为固定搭配，故空后面是由“介词+which” 引导的非限制性定语从句，故此处填介词by。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：孟子，一位伟大学者以深入的分析儒家思想而闻名，这样解释仁:“爱父母，爱人，爱世界上的一切。”设空处前的“in -depth”为形容词，表示“彻底的，深入的”，故其后应接名词。动词analyze(分析)要转换为名词analysis(分析)，所以此处填analysis。
五、书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的外国中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：
1. 口语能力；
2. 相关经验；
3. 应聘目的。
注意：1. 字数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
On seeing your notice, I’m more than excited to apply for the position, which I found quite appealing to me. Owing to studying in the English department, I can talk in English fluently. So there’s no problem for me to communicate with foreigners. In addition, I have ever served as a receptionist in our school’s 30th anniversary celebration, making myself more competitive and qualified for this position. In order to practice my speaking skills and gain more experience, I’m eager to be taken on for this job.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如考生是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的外国中学生。请你写信应聘。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
很，非常：extremely→ more than
获得：acquire→ gain
由于： due to→ owing to
渴望做某事：be eager to do sth → long to do sth
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Owing to studying in the English department, I can talk in English fluently.
拓展句：It is owing to studying in the English department that I can talk in English fluently.
【点睛】[高分句型1] On seeing your notice, I’m more than excited to apply for the position, which I found quite appealing to me.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] In addition, I have ever served as a receptionist in our school’s 30th anniversary celebration, making myself more competitive and qualified for this position.（现在分词作状语）
六、读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
57-year-old Sean Currey knew the value of treating others in the way he intended to be treated. Hence, he lived by that principle in his whole life, which eventually took him off the streets at the right time.
Sean Currey became unemployed during the pandemic, and ended up homeless, searching through dustbins (垃圾桶) around San Rafael, California, to meet his needs. Once, he made an unusual find at the bottom of a dustbin just behind a coffee shop. Looking through the purse, he discovered a series of credit cards, debit cards, healthcare cards and a business card, identifying the purse’s owner as an 80-year-old woman, Evelyn Topper.
Interestingly, the woman lived in Mill Valley, about six miles away from his location. Knowing how discouraging it was to lose one’s possessions, Currey figured he needed to return the purse to its rightful owner. Then Sean Currey gave Topper a call, using the contact details on the business card. His guess was accurate, as the elderly woman had been extremely worried since losing her purse days ago.
According to Evelyn Topper, she stopped by a coffee shop on December 9 to get a hot drink and a bubble tea for her 12-year-old granddaughter. She paid for both drinks and put the purse into her pocket. Unfortunately, the purse fell off somewhere along the way, and by the time she reached home, she discovered her purse was gone.
Evelyn Topper contacted the coffee shop immediately, receiving the heartbreaking news that her purse was not there. Next, she checked her car, and all the rooms in her apartment, but did not find it. Eventually, she concluded the purse must have been dropped somewhere on the way home.
Just when she gave up finding her purse, Topper received Currey’s call. She screamed in delight when she learned he had her purse. They met up immediately in front of a nearby shopping center, where Currey returned the purse. The woman called her daughter and granddaughter, Mikayla Gounard, to tell them what had happened. That was when Mikayla decided to repay Currey’s kindness.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
It was Mikayla’s twelfth birthday.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The money collected at the birthday party changed Currey’s life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
It was Mikayla’s twelfth birthday. Determined to reward Currey’s kindness, Mikayla urged her invited relatives and friends to send donations instead of gifts. She decided to direct her kind gesture to the homeless man. As a result, Mikayla ended up raising $475 at her birthday party. As more people continued showing their willingness to help, Mikayla’s mom created a GoFundMe page for the man, gathering up to $30,000.
The money collected at the birthday party changed Currey’s life. He never imagined that his honesty would be rewarded in such a pleasant way. He was very happy with the result because he needn’t go cold and hungry for a long time. With the money, he could find a room to live in. Besides, moved by his honesty, an employer approached him and offered him a job in his company. Hopefully, his gesture of honesty would encourage more people to do the right thing.
【解析】
【导语】本文以Sean Currey“以自己希望被对待的方式对待他人”的为人处世原则为前提，讲述了他捡到Evelyn Topper的钱包并归还，而Evelyn Topper的孙女Mikayla Gounard感激Sean Currey的善良并决定回报他的故事来展开。
【详解】1. 段落续写
根据第一段首句“正好是Mikayla的12岁生日”可知，接下来可描写孙女Mikayla在12岁生日之际是怎样回报Sean Currey的善良的。
根据第二段首句“在生日聚会上筹集的钱改变了Currey的人生”可知，Mikayla在她生日聚会上成功地为Curry筹集了钱，接着可以写这些钱是如何改变Currey的人生的。
2. 续写线索：孙女Mikayla决定报答Currey——Mikayla在生日聚会上为Currey筹钱——Mikayla建立网页以寻求更多人的帮助——钱款改善Currey的生活
3. 词类激活
行为类
①邀请某人做某事：invite sb. to do sth.
②继续做某事：continue doing sth.
③鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb. to do sth.
情感类
①满意的：happy
②有希望地：hopefully
【点睛】[高分句型1] As more people continued showing their willingness to help, Mikayla’s mom created a GoFundMe page for the man, gathering up to $30,000. (运用了as引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] He never imagined that his honesty would be rewarded in such a pleasant way. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
