Unit 3 The world online Grammar and usage牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册

(共47张PPT)
Using the Internet, we can find some interesting websites providing dancing resources.
I often hear my sister chatting using Wechat and see my father reading newspapers .
What are these
verb-ing
Lead-in
V-ing的作用相当于形容词、副词的作用，也就是说它能够充当句子的定语、表语、补语、状语等。
v-ing form
Anna is reading an article about a website.
Answer the following questions.
1 Why did Fiona Lin set up the website JustDance
2 What is Fiona Lin’s future plan
To introduce more people to dance since she had realized that dance had a very positive effect on her own daughter.
She hopes to attract more users through other forms of new media, for example, through an app.
Read and explore
Verb-ing forms as attributives A website belonging to all dance lovers
Verb-ing forms as adverbials Taking advantage of the site’s great start
Verb-ing forms as object complements She watched her daughter dancing
A
Functions of the verb-ing forms
Verb-ing forms as attributives a website belonging to all dance lovers
Verb-ing forms as adverbials Taking advantage of the site’s great start
Verb-ing forms as object complements She watched her daughter dancing
the lady running the website
inspiring stories
Having achieved such success
She always found dance relaxing
A
Functions of the verb-ing forms
Read and explore
Exploring the rules
The verb-ing form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) _______ (active/passive) meaning.
When the verb–ing form is used as an attributive, it often comes (2) ______ (before/after) the noun, but the verb-ing phrase used as an attributive is usually put (3) ______(before/after) the noun.
When used as an adverbial, the verb-ing form can express time, reason, purpose, result or condition.
The verb-ing form can also be used as an object complement.
active
before
after
Working out the rules
A
一．作定语(the attributive)
a ___________ girl
=a girl that is dancing
dancing
a __________ boy=a boy who is sleeping
sleeping
the______ sun=the sun that is rising
rising
the professor______________
= the professor who is giving a lecture
giving a lecture
the boy________________
=the boy who is brushing his teeth
brushing his teeth
1.单个的现在分词作定语,放在被修饰词的______,
现在分词短语则放在被修饰词的______。
2.现在分词作定语，表示_______和_______的意思。
表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
小结：
前面
后面
主动
进行
a dancing girl
a sleeping boy
the rising sun
the professor giving a lecture
the boy brushing his teeth
3.现在分词作定语，可改为__________，从句时态视情况而定。
定语从句
若修饰不定代词, 放在后面。
I think there is nothing interesting.
1. Don’t wake up the sleeping baby.
Don’t wake up the baby who is sleeping.
2. I think there is nothing interesting.
I think there is nothing that is interesting.
3. I live in a house facing the south.
I live in a house which faces the south.
将-ing 形式改为定语从句。
表示正在进行的动作， 改为定语从句时要用进行时态。
表示经常性的动作，或现在（或当时）的状态， 变为从句时， 用一般时态。
(2) a walking stick
(1) a walking man
=a man who is walking
= a stick for walking
What’s the difference between (1) and (2)
现在分词作定语表达的是所修饰的人或物的动作或状态（如例（1）：现在分词），动名词表示所修饰名词的用途或性能（如例（2）：动名词）。
a washing machine
a swiming pool
a waiting room
a reading room
= a machine for washing
= a pool for swimming
= a room for waiting
= a room for reading
a sleeping baby
boiling water
a barking dog
falling leaves
= a baby that is sleeping
= water that is boiling
= a dog that is barking
= leaves that are falling
① The experiment was an amazing success.
② It was an astonishing performance.
那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
这是一场令人惊讶的演出。
有些动词-ing形式已转化成形容词，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有：exciting, amazing, astonishing, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, pleasing, striking, boring, tiring, touching, moving, interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。
Verb-ing forms as attributives
Who is the girl reading the article about a website
There were 220 children having lessons online.
This is the topic being discussed.
ongoing action
frequent action
long-existing state
active meaning
The question _____________ is of great importance.
正在讨论的这个问题非常重要。
being discussed
1. _________ dogs seldom bite.(bark)
2. The wolf spoke in a ____________ voice and Mr.
Dongguo felt____________. (frighten)
3. It’s pleasure to watch the face of a ________ baby.
(sleep)
4. The _________ buildings showed us that an
earthquake was coming. (shake)
Barking
frightening
frightened
sleeping
shaking
Exercise
5. He rushed into the ________ (burn) house.
6. The child _________ (stand) over there is my brother.
7. The room _________ (face) south is our classroom.
8. The man, ________ (talk) to the teacher, is our monitor's father.
9. Success makes sense to you only when you choose something ___________ (challenge).
burning
challenging
standing
facing
talking
二．作状语(the adverbial)
________ill, he stays at home.
Because he is ill, he stays at home.
1.原因状语
Being
_________ his mother, the baby bursts into laughter.
When he sees his mother, the baby bursts into
laughter.
2.时间状语
Seeing
_______ ________, you will succeed.
Working hard
3.条件状语
If you work hard, you will succeed.
Other types of waste flow into water and then they kill river and sea life.
4.结果状语
Other types of waste flow into water,
_______ river and sea life
killing
They sit on the sofa and watch TV.
5.伴随状语
They sit on the sofa, ________TV.
watching
6.表示方式
通过自己的努力, 我们克服了所有的困难。
By relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the
difficulties.
Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the
difficulties.
　　1.现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与______一致,构成____关系，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。
主句的主语
主动
小结：
　　2.当分词充当状语时相当于一个_______根据它在句中的功能可以加上相应的引导词;没有引导词时，根据意思判断从句类型。
状语从句
1. Walking in the street, I saw a tailor's shop.
2. Being poor, he couldn't afford a TV set.
3. His father died, leaving the family even worse off.
4. Using your head, you will find a good way.
5. Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
6. He earns a living driving a truck.
7. He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.
注意:
1)动词-ing形式用作状语时,可以在前面加连词。如:
While watching TV, Grandpa fell asleep.
Though living near the cinema, I seldom go there.
2)动词-ing形式用作状语时，有完成式和被动式。如:
Having worked for over 30 years, Mr Wang retired last month.
Having been raised on a farm, Tim knows a lot about farm animals.
3)动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。如:
Being tired, John had a rest. (正确)
Being tired, I asked John to have a rest. (错误)
1. For a moment, I hesitated, not ___________ to rent him a room, but........ (want)
2. _________ (use) as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful.
3. The building____________over there now is our library. (build)
4. The blind man walked ___________ the walls of the buildings. (touch)
5. 我们都为即将到来的足球比赛感到紧张。
wanting
Used
being built
touching
We are all nervous about the coming football match.
Exercise
　语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式
完成式
(not) doing
(not) being done
(not) having done
(not) having been done
动词-ing 形式的被动式分一般式和完成式
　　1. 一般式：表示这个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生。
　　2. 完成式：强调这个被动的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。
__________________ (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
_____________ (spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
Having spent
Having been asked
补充：独立成份作状语
有些现在分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影
响，称作独立成分。常见的有：
generally speaking 总的来说
judging from/ by 根据……判断
speaking of 说到……
talking of 谈到……
frankly speaking 坦白地说
e.g. Judging by his pale face, he must feel ill.
三.作宾补（the object complement)
We can see the train __________ .
The train is passing by.
passing by
When an earthquake happens, the earth is moving.
People can feel the earth _______.
moving
Yue Yunpeng can always have people
___________(laugh) all the time in his performance.
laughing
小结
1.现在分词作宾补时常放在宾语后，与_____构成逻辑上的主谓关系，表示_________、_____的动作。
2.以现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词：look at, see, watch, notice, observe, have, keep, leave, hear, listen to, find, feel等。
3.现在分词用于_______ 复合结构中作宾补
宾语
“五看，三室（使），两厅（听），一感觉，一发现”
正在进行
主动
see the train passing by
feel the earth moving
have people laughing
with
Exercise
①He was last seen (play) by the river.
②When I entered the room, I saw him (try) on a new coat.
③They kept us waiting for a whole hour.(变为被动语态)
→We for a whole hour.
④I saw him put on his coat and walk out.(变为被动语态)
→He his coat and walk out.
playing
trying
were kept waiting
was seen to put on
Applying the rules
1. I saw that Jess was doing research online in the computer room.
I saw _______________________in the computer room.
2. Anybody who goes online should be careful about their personal information.
___________________ should be careful about their personal information.
Jess doing research online
Anybody going online
B1
Rewrite the sentences using the verb-ing forms in Part B1 on Page 35
Applying the rules
3. When he heard the news, he jumped for joy.
_______________, he jumped for joy.
4. After I searched the Internet for information, I started writing my article.
________________________________________,
I started writing my article.
Hearing the news
Having searched the Internet for information
B1
Applying the rules
verb-ing form used as an object complement
Verb-ing form used as an attributive
Verb-ing form used as an adverbial
Verb-ing form used an an adverbial
B1
Figure out the functions of the verb-ing forms in the missing parts in Part B1 on Page 35
Applying the rules
B2
Sample answers:
1. thinking
2. amazing
3. cutting
4. Using
5. Having had
6. running
Complete the conversation with the correct verb-ing forms of the verbs in the box in Part B2 on Page 35 .
Homework
背熟第30页第二段；
课课练上巩固今天所学的语法并完成相应的练习。