初中新概念英语第二册 Lesson 1 A private conversation 课堂笔记

1 A private conversation
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. "I can't hear a word." I said angrily. "It’s none of your business." the young man said rudely. "This is a private conversation!"
上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。 我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！” “不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”
单词讲解：
1、private adj.
1）私人的（personal）
a private conversation
a private company
private life
a private secretary 私人秘书
private affairs 私事 That’s for your private ear. 这是说给你一个人的秘密。
如果妈妈想看你的信，你可以说：It's my private letter.
如果陌生人想进你的房子，你可以说：It's my private house.
由此引申出privacy n. 隐私
新东方是private school(私立学校），与此相反，公立学校是public school.
所以，private的反义词是public.
public 公众；public letter 公开信；public place 公共场所
private还有一个值得注意的意思：普通的。
如：private citizen 普通公民；private soldier列兵，普通士兵 我们熟悉的《拯救大兵瑞恩》就是《Private Ryan》
2）秘密的（secret） in private 秘密地, 私下地 a private place = a secret place
2、conversation n.谈话
subject of conversation话题
Fashion is always a subject of conversation among girls. 时尚总是女孩子们热衷的话题 talk/say/speak/chat/discuss/gossip conversation n.非正式谈话(an informal talk) have a conversation with sb和某人谈话
I had a quiet conversation with my closest friend. 我和我最好的朋友进行密谈。
I saw him in conservation with a friend. 我看见他在和朋友谈话。
No conversation while I am talking. 我讲话的时候不要谈话。
converse v. 谈话
converse with sb跟某人谈话
talk with/to sb 和某人谈话
talk with/to sb about sth 跟某人谈论某事
say sth 说了一些话
He said nothing 他什么也没说
“What a lovely day,” he said. speak a foreign language 讲一门外语
speak Chinese
speak English
speak to sb 同某人谈话
speech n.谈话
make a speech 做演讲
chat n./v. 聊天（talk friendly）
We had a long chat about old times. 我们聊了很多关于过去的事情。
discuss v. 有着严肃目的的讨论
discussion n.
gossip v./n.说闲话，嚼舌头（贬义）
He is nothing but a gossip.
dialogue 对话
China and Korea are having a dialogue. 正式
theatre n. (in US:theater) 剧院 =(口语) play house metre --- metre (in US) centre --- center (in US) go to the theatre 去看戏
go to the movies = go to the cinema = go to the film 去看电影
theatre goer = play goer戏迷
seat n./vt 〔si:t〕区别：sit vi.〔sit〕 chair n.椅子，可以搬动的
We don’t have enough chairs here. Is this seat taken 这个座位有人么？
n. 座位，座。固定在某地的。
have a seat, please = take a seat, please. 请坐
I had a very good seat = Maybe I sat in the front of the theatre
seat belt = safety belt 安全带
in the driver’s seat = in the leader’s seat = in the leader’s place 在领导的位置上，指某人非常重要的意思。
back-seat driver 爱指手画脚的人
n. 席位
win a seat 赢得一个席位
lose a seat
vt. 安排---坐下
seat sb 安排某人坐下
seat yourself 你请坐
Be seated, please. 请坐
表请坐的方式： Sit down, please.
Will you have a seat
Won’t you have s seat
Would you have a seat
5、play
1）n. 玩耍，游戏，娱乐 Playboy 花花公子 playground 操场
2）v, 玩，玩耍
play with sb和某人玩，玩弄某人
play with sth 玩弄某东西
play with a toy
play with a ball
play gooseberry ['gu:sberi]（醋栗）摆弄粗栗，表示当电灯泡，尤其是情侣之间当电灯泡。
v. 玩，比赛
play football 踢足球 play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打台球 play cards 打扑克 play chess 下棋 注意：在运动项目前不加“the” play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 注意：在乐器前加“the”
n. 戏剧，剧本 theatre play 戏剧 TV play 电视剧 soap play 电视连续剧，肥皂剧 play goer 戏迷 It is as good as a play. 好玩极了。 You must come here, or, there is no play. 你必须来这人，否则，就没戏了。
No play 没戏了。
区别：play 戏剧，剧本 drama 戏，戏剧文学，戏剧艺术（比play更正式，严谨） opera 歌剧 Beijing opera 京剧
loud adj. 大声的 loudly adv. 大声地 aloud adv. 大声地 She called loudly for help.= She called aloud for help 她大声求救。 think aloud 自言自语 adj. + ly → adv. Angry → angrily rude → rudely real →really exact → exactly quick → quickly quiet → quietly The young man said loudly. 这个年轻人粗鲁的说 7、attention n. 注意
pay attention to sth 对---给予注意 to后面接动词时必须用动词ing结构
pay some attention to sth 给予一定的注意
pay more attention to sth 给予更多的注意
pay close attention to sth 给予密切的注意
pay great attention to sth 给予极大的注意
pay enough attention to sth 给予足够的注意 pay little attention to sth 很少注意
pay no attention to sth 根本不注意，毫不理会 turn a blind eye to --- 视而不见
turn a deaf ear to --- 充耳不闻
draw one’s attention = attract one’s attention 吸引---的注意力
The new type of computer draw our attention. Attention, please. 请注意（讲一件事情，要吸引别人目光时可以用）
Attention, passengers. The plane leaves at 9 o’clock. 乘客们请注意，飞机在9点钟起飞。 Ladies and gentlemen, may I get your attention, please 女士们先生们请注意。（在正式场合，如国际会议上） That’s all. Thank you for your attention. = That’s all. Thank you for your time. 感谢你听我讲完这些（事情讲完的时候可以用） 8、bear
1）n. 熊，粗鲁蛮横的人
He’s really a bear. 他真是个粗鲁的家伙。
a bear market 熊市（股票下跌的行情）
a bull market 牛市（股票上涨的行情）
a bear hug 紧紧的拥抱
give sb a bear hug 给某人热情（热烈）的拥抱 The old lady saw me and and came and gave me a bear hug. 这个老太太看见我，走过来，给了我一个大大的拥抱。
bear’s service 帮倒忙，好心做坏事
2）v. 忍受（stand, put up with sb）
bear>stand>endure 忍受的极限在扩大
I can’t bear the young man and the young woman behind me. 我无法忍受身后的这对青年男女。
I can’t bear it anymore. 我再也受不了了。
I can’t bear the rude fellow = I can’t bear the bear. 我无法容忍这个粗鲁的家伙。
I can’t bear to be laughed at. 我不能容忍被嘲笑。
bearable adj. 可忍受的，经得住的
The climate is bearable. 这个气候还是可以忍受的。
The pain is bearable. 这个疼痛是可以忍受的。 unbearable adj. 难以忍受的，不能容忍的
I find his rudeness unbearable. 我发现他的粗鲁让人难以忍受。
unbearably adv. 无法忍受地
unbearably hot 热的无法忍受
unbearably selfish 自私的无法忍受
business n.
1）贸易，商业，买卖（trade, commerce, buying and selling）
a business man 商人
a business woman 女商人
be on business 出差
go to some place on business 因公出差 business hours （商店的）营业时间
do business 做生意
do good business 生意做的好
How is your business 生意怎么样啊？（对别人生意的提问）
以下是对别人生意问题的回答： Half and half 一般
Just so so 马马虎虎，一般
It’s OK 还行吧
As usual 像往常一样，还那样
Not too bad. 还行，不太糟糕
Great. 非常好
Couldn’t be better 非常非常好
事情，事物（matter.affair）
It's my Business 私人事情
Let’s get down to business = Let’s get/come to business让我们言归正传
It’s none of your business. 不关你的事。
Mind your own business. 管好你自己的事情就行了。 （两个小男孩有意思的吵架片段—马克吐温）
The adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain: Tom Sawyer: What's your name 你叫什么名字？
The boy: It's none of your business! 关你什么事！
Tom Sawyer: I’ll make it my business. 我偏问不可（直译：我就让它成为我的事）
The boy: You are a liar. 你这个大骗子！
Tom Sawyer: You are another. 你是另一个大骗子！
The boy: Get away from here. 你给我从这儿滚开！
Tom Sawyer: Get away yourself. 你才滚呢。 The boy: I won't. 我才不滚！
Tom Sawyer: I won't either. 我也不滚！
区别：thing/business/affair/matter thing 任何的事情，事务, 也可以指东西 （泛指）
business 强调职责，责任（通常指自己的私事） affair 强调发生过或将要发生的事
foreign affairs 外交事务
public affairs 公共事务 matter 被考虑，被处理的事（问题）（比较令人头疼的）
what’s the matter with you
★angry　adj. 生气的
cross=angry ;　
I was angry.
He was cross annoyed adj.恼火的
I was annoyed.→ I was angry/cross. → I was very angry. → I am blue in the face （生气程度逐渐加深）
be blue in the face 脸上突然变色，气得脸发紫
★rudely　adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地 rude adj.
过去进行时
现在进行时：强调目前或现阶段正在做某事。
过去进行时：描述的是过去某时正在做某事。 通常用过去进行时描述背景，然后用一般过去时引出故事的情节。
They were talking loudly. I got very angry. They were talking loudly. 这个句子里使用了“be动词过去式+现在分词”的形式，也就是过去进行时态。 过去进行时表示发生在过去的某个动作或状态。 过去进行时主要用于以下几种情况：
表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作。例如： What were you doing at nine o'clock last night 你昨晚九点在干什么？
过去时间的背景描述： 在叙述过去某个事件时，事件本身的过程用一般过去时，而作为事件背景的描述则通常用过去进行时。例如： It was raining hard that afternoon. And people and cars were going back and forth in the street. I picked up an umbrella, opened the door, and went out... 那天下午雨下得很大，大街上车和行人来来往往。我拿起伞，打开门，走了出去......
不及物动词如get，become，turn，begin等，用过去进行时态可以表示过去正在发生的变化，含有“逐渐、越来越……”之意。例如： I found that the leaves were turning yellow. 我发现树叶变黄了。
过去进行时在口语里的特殊用法：
①表示委婉、客气的语气。一般来说，过去进行时要比一般过去时更礼貌。
I was wondering if you could help me 我在想，你能帮我一下吗？
②只描述动作而不指明谁是动作的发起者。
I was arguing with Jack when his father came in. Jack的父亲进来时我正在和Jack吵架。
比较：
I argued with Jack. (这里的“I”是主动者)
③过去进行时在特定的句子里也可表示过去将来的时间。
He told me that he was leaving for Japan the following week. (那时)他告诉我下周他要去日本。 get (过去时got) 变得
I was angry. 我很生气。
I got very angry. 我变得生气。（强调了变化过程）
As you get old, your memory gets worse. 当你变老的时候，你的记忆力会变差。
几种“变成”的区别 become, get, grow, turn, go, come 这些动词均可表示“变成，成为”之意。
become: 最普通用词，作为连系动词，指从一个状态向另一个状态的变化。
get: 常指某人或某物有意无意地获得引起变化的因素，结果使变成另一状态。
grow: 常指逐渐地变成新状态，强调渐变的过程。
turn: 侧重指变得与原来截然不同，有时含贬义。 go: 作为连系动词，通常与形容词连用，指进入某种状态，从而发生变化，多指不好的状态。 come: 侧重变化的经过或过程，多用于不良情况。 I could not hear the actors. hear：听见
hear+人：听见某人的话
I couldn't hear you. Beg your pardon 我听不见你说的话，能再说一遍吗？
hear同see，watch，feel，notice等感观动词一样，其宾语后所接的不定式不含to。
I often hear her sing. 我常听到她唱歌。
但是，hear用于被动语态时，不定式中要含to。 She is often heard to sing. 人们经常听到她唱歌。
两种”听“的区别
hear通常表示某种声音“进入我们的耳朵”。是听到、听见的意思，但不一定指有意识地听。
listen (to)用来表示注意正在持续发出的声音。这个词强调集中注意力，想尽量听清楚，是有意识的一种行为。
Can you hear me 你能听见我说话吗？
actor n. 演员 → actress n. 女演员
waiter n. 服务生 → waitress n. 女服务生
tiger n. 老虎 → tightness n. 母老虎
actors → actors’ words 用具体代替抽象，“借喻” Passing planes can be heard night and day. → The noise made by passing planes can be heard night and day. I turned round. = I turned around.
turn v.
转变方向 turn right turn left turn to sb for help. 像某人求助
翻转 turn to page 12 翻到第12页
翻身 turn over
I couldn’t fall asleep; I just turned over and over and over. 我睡不着觉，不停地翻过来转过去。
Whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also. ---from “Bible” 无论是谁打你的右脸的话，把你的左脸给伸给他（教我们要宽容，要去原谅别人）
变得（多指颜色的变化）
Leaves turn yellow in autumn/the fall. 秋天树叶都变黄了。
His face turned red with anger. 他气得脸都变红了。
I looked at the man and the woman angrily. Looked at angrily 怒视，生气的看着
glare 怒视
I glared the man and the woman.
They did not pay any attention. = They paid no attention In the end, I could not bear it.
in the end 最后
as a result/at last/eventually/finally都有表最后的意思。
in the end/ as a result强调结果
at last/eventually强调经历艰难过程之后最终--- We have arrived at last/eventually. 我们终于到了。
finally强调次序
I turned round again.
"I can't hear a word."
I said angrily. word 一个字，一句话
new words and new expressions have a word with sb 跟某人说一句话
have words with sb 跟某人吵架
"It’s none of your business." the young man said rudely.
"This is a private conversation!" None of us knew him. 我们中谁也不认识他。
关键句型：简单陈述句的语序（英语中句式分：陈述句；疑问句；祈使句；感叹句）
简单陈述句：叙述一件事情。
某人或某事（who, which, what）：主语
动作：谓语动词 被发生对象（who, which, what）：宾语 他大声地说
他是主语，说是谓语动词，大声地是方式状语。地点（where）是地点状语，时间（when）是时间状语。
简单陈述句的成分：主语、谓语、宾语、方士状语、地点状语、时间状语（主谓宾结构，在很多情况下，时间状语还能放句首）。
而在谓语动词是系动词叫做主系表结构
He left. 陈述句最少要有主、谓两部分
He left Beijing last year.
主谓宾 + 时间状语 Last year he left Beijing. 时间状语放句首 + 主谓宾 I enjoy the film yesterday.
I listened to the news carefully.
The man played the piano well.
The children played games quietly in their home yesterday.
A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.
补充内容：
量词 1、an abundance of 大量的 She had an abundance of very black hair. 她有一头浓密的深黑色头发。
2、an amount of 一些（时间，金钱或某种物质） We need a mount of flour. 我们需要一些面粉。
用法： 1、在amount前面通常加形容词来修饰。Use only a small amount of water at first. 先喝一点水。
2、an amount of常来修饰一些不可数名词。