初中新概念英语第二册Lesson 9 A cold welcome 课堂笔记

NCE II Lesson 9
单词及词组
1. welcome : n. [c] 欢迎,招呼,接待 They gave the king a warm welcome.
adj. 受欢迎的(=popular), 令人愉快的 You are welcome.
be welcome to sth/do sth 可随意用…/做… You are welcome to use my car.
You are welcome to any books you want to borrow.
int. 欢迎 Welcome!
vt. 欢迎 Welcome you to Beijing.
2. crowd (1). [c] 人群 a crowd 一群人 You can see us in the crowd.
a （whole, large,big…）crowd of … 一大群…
There are always a big crowd of people in the park on Sundays.
(2). v. crowd around/round sb/sth 聚集在…周围
A crowd of dogs crowded around Jack.
crowd into/in spl. 拥进…
When the door opened, the students crowded in the classroom.
crowded adj. 拥挤的 When the New Year is coming, the shops are always crowded.
3. gather vi. gather round … 聚集在…周围 (=crowd around)
A big crowd of cats gathered around Jashon.
vt. gather sb/sth (on/in/under/around…)… 把…聚集在…(上、里、下面、周围)
Jack gathered the dogs around him.
4. shout vi. shout at/to sb/sth 对…大叫 My mother always shouts at me.
shout, ‘’ Suddenly someone shouted,‘the building is on fire.’
5. refuse vt. refuse sb/sth 拒绝… He refused my invitation. She refused his flowers.
refuse to do sth 拒绝做… Jack refused to give the money to his sister.
6. laugh vi. 大笑 laugh at (1) 因…而笑 We always laugh at Jack’s answers.
(2) 嘲笑… Don't laugh at the poor students.
7. strike vt. (1) 打击，撞击（=hit）Mr. Wang always strikes the blackboard with his fist.
[straik] (2) 弹奏(=play) Can you strike the piano. He can’t strike this instrument.
(3) (钟)敲+number The clock will strike 12 in a minute.
介词（表示时间）的用法
一、AT
1) 用于表示确切时间：at 10 o’clock.
I always leave home at 8. I begin work at half past eight.
2) 用于表示用餐时间：at lunch time/ at teatime.
He always calls on me at breakfast time.
※3) 用于节日之前，但不表示确切的某一天
at Christmas 在圣诞节前后 at Easter 在复活节前后
on Christmas day 在圣诞节那天 on Easter day 在复活节那天
4) 用于表示时间的固定短语
at midday/noon 在中午 at evening 在晚上 at night 在夜间 at dusk 在傍晚
at dawn 在黎明 at midnight 在午夜 at the weekend 在周末
二、ON
1) 用于表示某一天（星期几或具体几号）：0n Wednesday on April 2nd.
My brother will arrive from Germany on April 3rd. He will return on May 5th.
2) 在morning/afternoon/evening/night 之前、之后有修饰词时，必须用on.
On Tuesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.
He arrived in Germany on a winter/cold morning.
They arrived in London on the night of June 8th. They will start again on the morning of July 6th.
也可以说 on that day/morning/night.
三、IN
1) 用于季节、年、月、周之前
The Second World War began in 1939 and ended in 1945.
Sam likes swimming in winter and skating in summer.
2) 表示一天中某一段时间，与定冠词连用。
in the morning in the afternoon in the evening (at evening) in the night (at night)
in the middle of the day (at midday) in the middle of the night (at midnight)
3) “in + 一段时间”可以表示一段时间之内，也可以表示一段时间之后。可以与现在时，过去时和将来时连用。 The bird covered the distance in three minutes.
4) “in + …’s + time”通常指将来，在……之后
They will get married in 2 years’ time. I will see you in a week’s time.
During 在…期间 在多数情况下与in 区别不大，如
during/in the summer during/ in August during/ in the night.
但在某项活动前（表时间）只能用 during ，如
during the meeting (在会议期间) during the boxing competition （在拳击赛期间）
四、from …to … 从…到… The shop opens from 9 to 5.
五、till/until 直到 I will wait until next Wednesday.
六、时间短语前不加上述介词的情况。
1) 在next/last(上一个)组成的时间短语前 We will meet her next week. He saw him last year.
当last 译成最后时与day 组成时间短语last day 时前可以加on，on the last day of ….
2) 在单独使用tomorrow, yesterday, the day after tomorrow, today, the day before yesterday 前。
3) 当由one, any, each, every, some, all跟时间名词构成时间短语时，前也不加介词。
Let’s have a dancing party one evening next week.