初中新概念英语第二册Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 课堂笔记

新概念英语第二册Lesson 6笔记
★beggar n. 乞丐
beg v.乞求
I beg your pardon
ask for :请求得到
beg for :乞求得到
Beggar n.乞丐
1）beg v. 乞求，行乞
重读闭音节，需双写g 。类似的词有：begin, dig, run, swim, drag, big, rob.
A begging letter 求援信
2）beg sth from sb 乞求。。。，向。。。行乞
beg for sth from sb.
eg.Percy Buttons begged for a meal and a glass of bear from me.
这个叫Percy Buttons向我讨要一杯啤酒和一顿饭。
eg.Percy Buttons asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.
ask sb for sth
beg sth from sb 向某人要，要求某物
eg.My little brother asks me for lucky money every year.
我的弟弟每年都向我要押岁钱。
eg.The girl asked her mother for that beautiful skirt.
那个小女孩向妈妈要了一条漂亮的裙子
3）beg sb for sth 恳求，祈求（以谦虚的姿态要求）
eg.Set him free, I beg you! 我求求你，饶了他吧！
4）beg sb not to do sth 乞求某人不做某事
beg sb to do sth 乞求某人做某事
eg.They begged us not to punish them
他们乞求我们不要惩罚他们
eg.He knew that he had hurt her and begged her to forgive him
他知道他伤害了她，现在乞求她原谅他
5）I beg your pardon!
I’m sorry.= Excuse me. 对不起，请原谅。
Please repeat that. =Pardon 请再说一遍
6）beg a favor of somebody 恳求某人帮忙
beg somebody off 为某人求情
7）v.+ er/ or / ar 可以表达人的概念
work worker 工人
sail 航行 sailor 水手
beg beggar 乞丐
eg.Beggars can’t be choosers. （饥不择食）谚语
beggar 家伙 （口）有戏谑之意
eg.You lucky beggar! 你这家伙真幸运！
★food n. 食物　不可数
1)[u]食物，通常为不可数名词
eg.We can’t live for long without food and water. 没有食物和水我们活不长。
mental food 精神粮食
food tor thought 应思考之事
2）[c]作为特种食品时，可看作可数名词
baby foods 婴儿食品
health foods 健康食品
frozen foods 冷冻食品
breakfast foods 早餐
a favorite food 最喜欢的一种食物
3）food chain 食物链
★pocket n. 衣服口袋
inner pocket:内口袋
jacket pocket : 夹克的口袋
coat pocket : 大衣口袋
pocket book:袖珍书
pocket dictionary:袖珍词典
pocket money : (小孩)零花钱
change:零钱
get exact change : 准备好正确的零花钱
beer money:(男孩)零花钱
pocket pick:车上的小偷
allowance(Am) [ lau ns] 零用钱
put one’s hand in one’s pocket 愿意花钱
pick somebody’s pocket 扒窃
pickpocket n. 扒手，尤指在人多处行窃的
put somebody’s pride in one’s pocket 姑且忍辱负重
★call v. 拜访, 光顾
1) v. 拜访
call on sb 拜访某人（非正式，比较短时间的）
call at sp 拜访某地
visit sb 拜访某人（最为正式，指经过准备的，比较长时间的）
visit sp 参观某个地方
drop in on sb 拜访某人（更为不正式，顺道的）
drop in at sp 拜访某个地方
visit
call sb:给某人打电话
call up sb:给某人打电话
call back:回某人电话
Can you take a message for me
Can you tell him to call back
call on sb　拜访某人
call at,at一般和地点相连
call at+地点＝visit someplace　拜访某地
I will call on you.
I will call at your home.
call out =shout,大声喊
call in sb:招集和邀请某人
For the project,the government called in a lot of experts.
2）v.打电话
call sb up=ring sb up 给某人打电话
eg.I’ll call you up this evening. 今天晚上，我会给你打电话。
3) call for 要求，需要
eg.This occasion calls for prompt action.
4) n.
A call for help 求助，求教
A cry for help 求助，求教
call girl 应召女郎
pay a call on a friend 拜访朋友
roll call=call the roll 点名
roll [r ul] 卷状的；正式的表格，登记表；名单，报名册
【课文讲解】
move to :搬到
knock at:敲
knock at the door
knock at the window
bee;bear 注意读音
ask sb for sth:问某人要什么东西; request for
for;为了这个目的去请求某人, sb更多的时候不出现, ask for sth
The boy asked (his parents省略)for money again/once more.
in return for this : 作为对什么的回报
in return:作为回报
He doesn't want anything in return.他不想得到任何回报
hospitality:热情
I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality.
this 在代词当中常常指代上文的一件事情
stood on his head : 倒立
stand on one's hands:用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)
跪着, 膝盖 : knees : stand on one's knees
躺着, 躺 : lie : lie in bed
lie on one's back:仰面躺着
lie on one's side:侧躺
lie on one's stomach : 趴着
give him a meal
go away
later : 后来
tell sb about sth,about:关于, 通过其他事自己得出结论, tell you about him
tell sb sth:告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉), tell you the news
tell you the word
tell you about the word
everybody作为主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词
所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody anybody everything等
calls at every house
in the street英国写/on the street美国写
once a month:一个月一次, 单位表达方式
a.表示每月一次, 计量单位 “/”
five kilometers an hour
ask for,是ask sb for sth的省略
Percy Buttons a beggar
He calls at every house in the street once a month and asks for a meal and a glass of bear
【Key structures】关键句型
a,the和some
a:单数, 可数名词
the:可加单数/复数, 还可加不可数名词, 加在什么名词前面都对
some:只能加在不可数名词的前面或可数名词复数的前面
a和the的区别
a是泛指, a man;特指, the man
在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰, 第二次出现的时候用the
在表示一种笼统概念的陈述句中可以省略a和some
Yesterday I bought a book,Books are not very expensive.
笼统概念 : 某某一类/一种东西
I have just drunk a glass of milk ,Milk is very refreshing.
I ate an apple./Apples are delicious.
I like oranges.Would you like some oranges
Mrs.Jones bought a bag of flour,a bag of sugar,and some tea.
She always buys flour,sugar and tea at the grocer's
a和the
A man is walking towards me.The man is carrying a parcel.The parcel is full of meat.
Names
We cannot put a or the in front of names
表示某某一类人当中, 具有这种特征当中的一个, a Mr. Zhang
【Special Difficulties】难点
某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义, 这种新的组合称作短语动词
put:放, put on
take:拿走, take off
look:看, look at:看, look for:寻找, look after:照顾, look out:当心
call : call at,call on,call in ,call back,call for(a.去取某物, 去接某人b.需要 : The problem calls for immediate action 这个问题需要立即采取行动)
knock : knock at:敲, knock off,knock over,knock out
knock off:下班, He knocked off earlier.
knock sth off+地点, knock the vase off the table
knock off:打折, knock 10% off the price.
knock over,A car knocked the boy over.
如果有地点, off; 无地点, over,I knocked the boy off the bicycle.