初中英语外研版八上Module 12 Help Unit3教案

Module 12 Help
Unit 3 Language in use
【教学目标】
1. 掌握本模块所有的重点词汇与高频句型。
2. 学会辨析情态动词和祈使句的用法。
3. 学会结合情态动词与祈使句进行英语书面表达。
【教学重难点】
重点：1. 掌握本模块所有的重点词汇与高频句型。
2. 学会辨析情态动词和祈使句的用法。
难点：学会结合情态动词与祈使句进行英语书面表达。
【教学方法】
任务型教学法、小组合作法。
【教学过程】
Step 1 Leading in
Let’s talk about the picture!
What are they doing
Step 2 Pre-task
Activity 1 Language practice
That could be harmful!
Betty, you must know!
Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.
Do not stand near street lights or under power lines.
Activity 2 Grammar
一、祈使句
祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化。常见的句型如下：
1. 动词原形构成的祈使句
此类祈使句暗含的主语是you，但通常省略。否定句往往由do not (don’t)或 never开头。祈使句的句首或句末有时加please，还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。
2. let’s构成的祈使句，这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。
3. 无动词祈使句
在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简洁有力。
二、情态动词must/can/could表示推测
动词can和could表示“能够，可以”等意义的用法。can和could还可以表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“会, 可能”，但can表示推测时，往往用于否定句和疑问句。用于疑问句时，can比could表示的“可能性”要大；用于否定句时，cannot (can’t)表示“不可能”。
could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。在以下例句中，can和could均表示可能。
情态动词must也可以表示猜测，意思为“一定，准是”，通常只用于肯定句。
Step 3 While-task
Activity 1 Complete the sentences with could, must or mustn’t.
1. It is dangerous. You _______ keep out!
2. These stairs are not safe. You _______ use them.
3. The rocks are falling down. You ______ get hit.
4. The river is too deep. You ________ swim in it.
5. Betty ______ know what to do, because she did some basic medical training.
Activity 2 Underline the correct words to complete the first aid instructions.
1. Get / Do not get medical help immediately.
2. Ask / Do not ask them where the pain is.
3. Lift / Do not lift them because you may drop them.
4. Keep / Do not keep them warm.
Activity 3 Complete the poster about earthquake with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.
do not use hide under keep leave stay away
When there is an earthquake …
1. __________ from the windows.
2. ___________ a table.
3. __________ the lift.
4. ______ the building quickly when the ground stops shaking.
5. ______ calm.
Activity 4 Complete the conversation with the words and expressions in the box.
chance Cover in pain in trouble medical
Tony: Daming is training hard for the big match.
Lingling: Yes, the team has a good (1) ________this year.
Tony: Oh no, Daming’s (2) __________. He’s down!
Lingling: It looks like he’s (3) ________.
Tony: Daming, what happened
Daming: It’s my leg.
Lingling: (4) _______ him with my coat.
Tony: But don’t move him. Let’s wait for someone with (5) _________ training.
Lingling: OK.
Activity 5 Complete the news report with the correct form of the words in the box.
clear inside power rock trouble warn
Information is coming in that there could be (1) _______ because of heavy rain in the north. The government is (2) ________ people about falling (3) _____. Some roads have a lot of rocks on them, but people are trying to (4) _____ them quickly. In some places there is no (5) ______. And people must stay (6) ______ to keep away from falling rocks.
Now read the report again and check (√) the true sentences.
1. There are problems everywhere because of rain.
2. The government is warning people about an earthquake.
3. Some roads in the mountains have a lot of rocks on them.
4. People are trying to clear the rocks off the roads.
5. There is no problem with power.
Activity 6 Listen and complete the sentences.
1. We were having ________ at home when the earthquake happened.
2. The room started to ________.
3. Father shouted to everyone to get under the _____________.
4. We could not get out of the room because the ______ would not open.
5. My father called for help on his ____________.
6. People came to help us and we left our _______.
Activity 7 Read the passage and choose the correct answer.
1. What is the best title for this passage
a) 2004 Asian tsunami.
b) A girl saves tourists from tsunami.
c) Underwater earthquakes.
2. What did Tilly notice
a) Water coming to the beach.
b) People watching the water.
c) Bubbles in the water.
3. What does her teacher think of Tilly
a) She is lucky.
b) She does not do silly things.
c) She is a clever student.
Step 4 Post-task
Activity 1 Around the world
Read and answer.
1. What is the tallest buildings in Japan
2. Why is it special
Activity 2 Make a list of accidents that can happen at school.
School accidents How Where
Hurting hands/ knees/legs Running fast/playing football Playground
Hitting your head Climbing a tree Garden
…
Activity 3 Work in groups. Choose an accident from the list in Activity 8 and give instructions about what to do.
Then make a poster about preventing accidents at school using must/mustn’t.
Activity 4 Exercise
一、按要求完成下列各题。
1. Run and shout in the library. (改为否定句)
______ run ___ shout in the library.
2. Running a big company is very difficult. (用it作形式主语改写句子)
_____ very difficult ___ _____ a big company.
3. Our teacher warned him against fighting with others. (改为同义句)
Our teacher warned him ___ __ _____ with others.
4. Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo (改为简单句)
Could you tell me ____ __ ____ to the zoo
5. You shouldn’t sleep in class. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______________ we ___ in class
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s difficult for old people (walk) up the Great Wall.
2. We don’t know what (do) next.
3. It is safe to move when the ground stops ________(shake).
4. Our teacher often warns us (not play) computer games.
5. (luck), no one died.
6. In the mountains, be careful of (fall) rocks.
7. (not speak) with food in your mouth and (be) polite.
8. Here (be) some advice on how to improve your English.
Step 5 Summary
1. We have learned to summarise and consolidate the use of modal verbs — must, can, could.
2. We have learned the imperative for suggestions and instructions.
Step 6 Homework
1. Remember the grammar.
2. Finish the workbook.
【板书设计】
一、祈使句
1. 动词原形构成的祈使句
2. let’s构成的祈使句
3. 无动词祈使句
二、情态动词must/can/could表示推测
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