【中考夺分天天练】2015届中考英语（人教版）总复习+第二篇+语法精点击：名词

课件37张PPT。专题1 　名词专题1 　名词┃考点直击 ┃●1　可数名词变复数
1．规则变化
(1)一般在词尾加-s。 如： book—books, boy—boys。
(2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，加-es (但stomach在词尾加-s)。 如： bus—buses, watch—watches。
(3)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i, 再加-es。 如： factory—factories, party—parties。专题1 　名词(4)以o结尾的词，除有生命的“两人两物(Negro, hero, tomato, potato)”在后面加-es外，一般在词尾加-s。如： zoo—zoos, radio—radios, piano—pianos。
(5)以f或fe结尾的词，变f或fe为v，再加-es。 如： knife—knives, shelf—shelves, thief—thieves, leaf—leaves, life—lives, wolf—wolves。
注意： scarf—scarfs/scarves, chef—chefs, roof
—roofs。专题1 　名词2．不规则变化
(1)单复数同形的词。如： sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese, deer。
(2)词干发生变化的词。如： foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children, mouse—mice, goose—geese。专题1 　名词●2　不可数名词数的表达方式
英语中表示不可数名词的量时要用量词，其结构为“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”。量词可以是单数，也可以是复数。此外，不可数名词还可以与some, much, a little, any, a lot of, lots of等词连用。如： a piece of bread, two glasses of milk, some rice。专题1 　名词●3　名词所有格
1．'s所有格
(1)一般情况下，单数名词和词尾不带s的复数名词变其所有格形式要在其后加's；以s结尾的复数名词只加'。如： children's books, today's newspaper, Teachers' Day, the Smiths' car。专题1 　名词(2) 用and连接的并列名词的所有格分两种情况，即表示各自的所有关系时，需在每个名词后加's；表示共同的所有关系时，只需在最后一个名词后加's。如：
Millie's and Lucy's rooms
米莉和露西(各自)的房间
Millie and Lucy's room
米莉和露西(共有)的房间专题1 　名词(3)表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常用名词's 所有格，后面一般省略它所修饰的名词。如：at the doctor's＝at the doctor's room 在诊所。
2．of所有格
of 所有格指在名词后使用 of 短语来表示所有关系，它既可用于有生命的人或物，也可用于无生命的东西。of 所有格有时可以与's 所有格互换。如：
That man's name is very interesting.
＝The name of that man is very interesting. 专题1 　名词那个人的名字很有趣。
3．双重所有格
双重所有格有两种形式：①of＋名词所有格；②of＋名词性物主代词。如： a friend of my father's我父亲的一位朋友，a son of hers她的一个儿子。专题1 　名词●4　名词作定语
英语中名词用作定语的情况很常见，主要用于表示时间、地点、内容、材料、性质、用途、性别、身份等。如： afternoon tea下午茶，country music乡村音乐，a weather report天气预报，gold medals金牌，a student nurse 一名实习护士。
其构成方式总结如下：
1. 用单数形式。如： an apple tree, some shoe stores。 专题1 　名词2. 用复数形式。如： a clothes shop, a sports meeting。
3．man, woman作定语，单数形式修饰单数形式，复数形式修饰复数形式。如： a man doctor, a few women teachers。
4．“数词＋名词”作定语，其中的名词用单数形式； 表示时间、距离的定语还可以用复数形式所有格。如： ten days' holiday(相当于a ten-day holiday), a few years' time。专题1 　名词5．有连字符的复合词作定语时用单数。如：
a ten-mile walk(相当于ten miles' walk)10英里的路程。 专题1 　名词┃考点过关┃Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1．Let's go to buy some carrots, cabbages and ___________(西红柿)．
2．The ____________(科学家) are working hard to make our lives better and better.a
3．She'd like some pieces of ________(面包)．
4．Remember to do something for your own ________(安全) when you try to save the others.tomatoes scientists bread safety 专题1 　名词5．I didn't think the watch gave you good ________(价值) for your money.
6．Someday you'll find a foreign language a bridge to a lot of ____________(知识)．
7．Walk along the river and you can enjoy the ________(美丽) of our town.
8．I won't believe you anymore unless you tell me the ________(真相)．value knowledge beauty truth 专题1 　名词Ⅱ. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1．We need two ________ (week) time to finish the work.
2．How many ________ (knife) do you have?
3．He is an old friend of my ________ (sister)．
4．________ (China) are very friendly to every foreigner in China.weeks' knives sister's Chinese 专题1 　名词5．We are going to have a picnic on a ________ (sun) day.
6．Last year they built four ________ (factory) in the city.
7．He brushes his ________ (tooth) three times a day.
8．What a pity! I missed one of the most exciting ________ (match)．sunny factories teeth matches专题1 　名词9．There ________ (be) some good news in today's newspaper.
10．All of the ________ (woman) doctors in our hospital are hard-working.
is women 专题1 　名词1. [2014·襄阳] —What are you going to do when you grow up?
—My ________ is to become an astronaut.
A. hobby B. dream
C. job D. advice┃语法专练┃B专题1 　名词2．[2014·黔西南] ________ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ________ teachers.
A. A number of; women
B. A number of; woman
C. The number of; women
D. The number of; womanC专题1 　名词3．[2014·扬州] —What a good________ you've given me! Thanks a lot.
—My pleasure.
A. information B. news
C. suggestion D. adviceC专题1 　名词4．[2014·苏州] The park is far away from here indeed. It's about ________ walk.
A. a three hour B. a three hour's
C. a three-hours D. a three-hourD专题1 　名词5．[2014·兰州] ________ is one of the four great inventions of ancient China.
A. The car B. The train
C．Paper-making D. The computerC专题1 　名词6．[2014·泰安] —I hear you have to get up early every morning.
—Right. It's one of the________ of my family.
A. plans B. jobs
C. programs D. rules D专题1 　名词7．[2013·乌鲁木齐] Uncle Wang bought two ________ for me yesterday.
A. bread B. milk
C. dictionary D. watchesD专题1 　名词8．[2013·湖州] —Hello! Is that Jenny speaking?
—Sorry, I'm afraid you've got the wrong ________．
A．number B. name
C. address D. messageA专题1 　名词9．[2013·上海] The students didn't find much ________ about the topic on that website.
A．report B. article
C．information D. storyC专题1 　名词10．[2013·兰州] The mountain I visited last Sunday isn't very ________. Few ________ go sightseeing there.
A. tourist; tourists B. touristy; tourist
C. touristy; tourists D. tourist; touristC专题1 　名词11．[2013·黄冈] —What would you like to drink, girls?
—________， please.
A．Two glass of water
B．Two glass of waters
C．Two cups of tea
D．Two cups of teasC专题1 　名词12．[2013·安顺] Kate is ________ girl. She's very happy at school.
A．a eighteen-year-old
B．an eighteen-year-old
C．an eighteen-years-old
D．a eighteen-years-oldB专题1 　名词13．Look at the man over there. He is ________ uncle.
A．Jim's and Tim's B. Jim's and Tim
C．Jim and Tim D. Jim and Tim'sD专题1 　名词14．—I have great ________ in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me?
—No problem.
A．fun B. success
C．advice D. difficultyD专题1 　名词15．I saw some ________ and ________ dancing in the street the day before yesterday.
A．Germen; Englishmen
B．Germans; Englishmans
C．Germans; Englishmen
D．Germen; EnglishmansC专题1 　名词16．He was born in Italy, but he has made China his________．
A．family B. address
C．house D. homeD专题1 　名词17．—How ________ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang?
—It's less than 3 ________ flight.
A．long; hour's B. far; hour's
C．long; hours' D. far; hours'D专题1 　名词18．If by any chance Peter comes to us, please ask him to leave a ________．
A．letter B．sentence
C．message D．noticeCexercise作“练习”讲时，是可数名词；作“锻炼”讲时，是不可数名词。 专题1 　名词19．I think that his computer is much better than ________．
A．anyone B．anyone's
C．anyone else D．anyone else'sDelse意为“其他的，另外的”，修饰不定代词时要后置；anyone else的名词所有格为anyone else's。专题1 　名词20．—The pen writes well. Where did you get it?
—Oh, ________ gave me as a birthday present.
A．a workmate of my father
B．a workmate of mine father's
C．a workmate of my father's
D. a workmate of mine fatherC