【中考夺分天天练】2015届中考英语（全国·人教版）总复习+第二篇+语法精点击：　主谓一致

课件39张PPT。专题 11　主谓一致专题 11　主谓一致┃考点直击 ┃点睛 英语中，主语与谓语的一致存在着三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
●1　语法一致原则
语法一致原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法上保持一致。
1．单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词(短语)、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Smoking is bad for our health. 吸烟有害健康。专题 11　主谓一致2．不定代词someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, nothing, anybody, anyone, anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。专题 11　主谓一致3．主语后接由with, along with, together with, as well as, including, besides, like, except, but, rather than等词或短语连接的名词时，谓语动词的数由主语的单、复数形式决定。如：
Mike with his two dogs is walking in the park.
迈克和他的两条狗正在公园里散步。专题 11　主谓一致4．一些复数形式的名词，如 trousers, shoes, clothes, gloves, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。但是，如果这些名词被a pair of 修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。如：
A pair of glasses is on the table.
桌子上有一副眼镜。专题 11　主谓一致5．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
A number of workers have recently left the company. 最近有很多工人辞掉了工作。
6．“the＋形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数。如：
The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。专题 11　主谓一致7．“many a (more than one)＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
More than one student is fond of playing computer games. 不止一名学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。
Many a child is flying kites.
许多孩子在放风筝。专题 11　主谓一致8．“a lot of/lots of/plenty of＋名词”，“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如：
Three fifths of the forest was destroyed.
五分之三的森林被毁坏了。
9．在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。如：
This is the boy who wants to see you.
这就是想要见你的男孩。专题 11　主谓一致10．在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。如：
Here are some flowers and some money for you. 这儿有一些为你准备的花和钱。专题 11　主谓一致●2　意义一致原则
意义一致即谓语的单、复数取决于主语所表示的概念。
1．形式上虽为单数，但意义为复数的名词，如the police, people(人们), cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Watch out! The police are coming.
当心！警察来了。专题 11　主谓一致2．the Chinese, the British等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称的词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The English do not drink much wine.
英国人不怎么喝酒。
3．形式上为复数，而意义上却是单数的名词，如news, physics, politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、报纸名、国名等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：专题 11　主谓一致The news is very important to us.
这条消息对我们很重要。
The United States is a developed country.
美国是一个发达国家。
4．and连接两个名词作主语，指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The doctor and writer is very famous.
这位医生兼作家非常出名。专题 11　主谓一致5．表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词(短语)作主语时通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如：
Three years has passed since I came here.
自从我来这儿，三年已经过去了。
6．集体名词，如 family, team, group, class等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一名成员时，谓语动词用复数。如：
My family is a big one with eight people.
我们家是一个有着八口人的大家庭。专题 11　主谓一致●3　就近原则
就近原则即谓语动词的数取决于主语中最靠近它的名词的单复数。
1．not…but…， either…or…， neither…nor…， not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：
Either you or I am wrong.
不是你错了就是我错了。专题 11　主谓一致2．there be句型。当there be后有两个或几个并列的主语时，be动词的数与最靠近它的那个主语保持一致。 如：
There is a table and six chairs in the dining hall.
餐厅里有一张桌子和六把椅子。
There are six chairs and a table in the dining hall.
餐厅里有六把椅子和一张桌子。专题 11　主谓一致┃考点过关┃1．In our school library there ________(be) a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them ________(be) growing larger and larger.
2．Neither my sister nor I ________(have) ever been to America before.
3．Doing exercise ________(be) good for your health.are is have is 专题 11　主谓一致4．Everyone except Tom and John ________(be)there when the meeting began.
5．How time flies! We'll graduate. Three years ________(be) really a short time.
6．A woman with a baby in her arms ________(be) sitting over there now.
7．Every boy and girl ________(be) at work now.was is is come 专题 11　主谓一致8．Two thirds of the students ________(come) from the south.
9．There ________(be) going to be a soccer match tomorrow.
10．One of my friends ________(have) moved to Canada.
11．The shoes in the shop ________(be) nice and cheap. Let's go and have a look.come is has are 专题 11　主谓一致12．A pair of socks ________(be) on the bed.
13．Not only he but also she ________(run) every morning.
14．I think physics________(be) as hard as math.
15．No news ________(be) good news.
16．His family ________(be) watching TV now.
17．The teacher and the headmaster ________(be) having a meeting.is runs is is are are 专题 11　主谓一致18．The teacher and headmaster ________(be) very kind and hard-working.is 专题 11　主谓一致┃语法专练┃1．2014·内江—Mom, ________ of the apples ________ gone bad.
—We'd better eat up the rest as soon as possible.
A．one third; have B．one thirds; have
C．one third; has D．first three; hasA 专题 11　主谓一致2．2014·宜宾Look! The police ________ the food onto the bank of the river.
A．am carrying B．is carrying
C．are carrying D．are carried
3．2014·淮安Andy, you'd better not eat meat only. You should know milk and fruit ________ good for you.
A．is B．are C．was D．wereC B 专题 11　主谓一致4．[2013·齐齐哈尔] There ________ a dictionary and two pens on the desk.
A．am B. is C．are
5．[2013·乌鲁木齐] Everyone except Tom and John ________ studying for the final test now.
A. are B. is C．were D. wasB B 专题 11　主谓一致6．[2013·鞍山] Neither he nor I________ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A．is B. are C．am D. be
7．[2013·扬州] A number of tourists ________ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.
A．have been to B. has been to
C．has gone to D. have gone toC A 专题 11　主谓一致8．[2013·盐城] Now the number of Chinese people working in Africa ________ more than one million.
A．is B. are C．was D. were
9．Look! There ________ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.
A．are a number of deer B．are a number of deers
C．is a number of deer D．is a number of deersA A 专题 11　主谓一致10．Climbing hills ________ of great help to our health.
A．was B．were C．is D．are
11．The disabled ________ in need of help.
A．am B．is C．are D．wereC C “the＋形容词”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。专题 11　主谓一致12．There ________ some flowers on the teacher's desk just now, but now there ________ nothing on it.
A．have; has B．were; was
C．were; is D．has; hasC 专题 11　主谓一致13．—How soon can you finish this job?
—Two days ________ enough for me to finish the work. I need a week.
A．isn't B．aren't C．is D．areA 时间段作主语时，谓语动词用单数。根据“I need a week.”可知应该用否定形式。专题 11　主谓一致14．Not only my friends but also I ________ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.
A．be B. am C．is D. are
15．Robert with his two kids ________ to the beach for vacation every year.
A．go B．goes
C．went D．are goingB B 专题 11　主谓一致16．Tom was the only one of the boys who ________ praised by our teacher yesterday.
A．is B．are C．was D. were
17．—________ thirty dollars enough for you, Ann?
—Yes, Mom. I only want to buy a notebook.
A．Are B．Is C．Were D. WasC B 主语是“thirty dollars”，金钱作主语，谓语动词用单数。专题 11　主谓一致18．Here ________ some money and some pairs of shoes for you.
A．is B．am C．are D．Were
19．Many a farmer ________ busy with the harvest.
A．were B．am C．are D．isA 在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。 D “many a ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。专题 11　主谓一致20．The singer and writer ________ from Guangdong.
A．come B．are
C．comes D．coming
21．________ that pair of ________ a little cheaper?
A．Is; glass B．Are; glass
C．Is; glasses D．Are; glasses专题 11　主谓一致20．The singer and writer ________ from Guangdong.
A．come B．are
C．comes D．comingC and连接两个名词作主语，指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。 the singer and writer意为“歌手兼作家”，指同一个人，故选C。专题 11　主谓一致21．________ that pair of ________ a little cheaper?
A．Is; glass B．Are; glass
C．Is; glasses D．Are; glassesC 　that pair of glasses意为“那副眼镜”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。专题 11　主谓一致22．Both Kate and I________ready for the picnic now.　
A．gets B．is getting
C．are getting D．am gettingC both…and 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。专题 11　主谓一致23．The Germans________fly to Beijing next week.
A．is going to B．was going to
C．were going to D．are going to D the Germans表示复数概念，所以谓语动词用复数。专题 11　主谓一致24．Half of the teachers in our school ________ over 40 years old.
A．is B．are C．has D. haveB half of 后跟的是可数名词复数，所以谓语动词用复数。专题 11　主谓一致25．Picking apples________much more interesting than having lessons.
A．has B．have C．is D. areC 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。专题 11　主谓一致26. My family ________ a happy one. Now the whole family ________ having a party.
A．is; are B．is; is
C．are; are D．are; is A 集体名词family强调整体时，谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一名成员时，谓语动词用复数。