Module 7 Great books Unit 1 We’re still influenced by Confucius’s ideas. 导学案

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Module 7 Great books
Unit 1 We’re still influenced by Confucius’s ideas. 导学案
1. Teaching aims: Learn the use of present simple passive.21世纪教育网版权所有
Key points: discuss， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thinker，wise，review，influence，sense，make sense，by the way，suppose，well-known
Difficult sentences:
What’s up
I suppose he isn’t as well-known as Confucius or Shakespeare. 21*cnjy*com
I accept that they’re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) great because their works are still read by many people today.
Step 1 Warming up & leading in
A、写出下列单词：
1. v. 谈论，讨论 2. n. 思想家
3. adj. 明智的 4. v. 影响，作用于
5. n. 道理，意义 6. v. 猜想，推测
7. adj. 众所周知的，著名的
B、读Unit 1, 在对话中找出下列短语并划出。
1. 易理解 2. 顺便提一下
3. 加入电脑小组 4. 被影响
5. 我们每个人 6. 给…写评论
7. 很有意义 8. 和…一样著名
C、语言点导学导练
1. Well, maybe Confucius and Shakespeare. 嗯，可能是孔子和莎士比亚吧。
maybe 副词，“也许，可能”，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常放于句首，eg：
Maybe he is in the classroom now. 他现在可能在教室。
辨析：maybe和may be
maybe 大概，可能 一个单词，是副词 在句中作状语
may be 可能是 两个单词，是“情态动词+be” 在句中作谓语
Maybe she is at home. = She may be at home. 她可能在家。2·1·c·n·j·y
2. Well, each ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of us reads a favorite book and writes a review for the discussion. 噢，我们每个人读一本最喜爱的书并讨论写一篇评论。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
each 代词，“每个，各个”。可单独 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作主语，也可后接“of +复数名词(或代词)”作主语，其谓语动词用单数形式。若用作同位语，须放在主语后面，主语要用复数形式，eg：
Each of them has a new book. 他们每人都有一本新书。
They each want to get the ball. 他们每个人都想得到那个球。
辨析：each和every。
each 用于两者或者两者以上中的每一个，强调个体，可用作副词或代词，可作定语、状语、主语和同位语 Each of the students has a new bike. = The students each have a new bike. = The students have a new bike each. = Each student has a new bike. 每个学生都有一辆新自行车。
every 用于三者或三者以上的每一个，强调整体。用作形容词，作定语。 Every student has a new bike. 每个学生都有一辆新自行车。
3．We’re still inf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )luenced by Confucius’s ideas, and Shakespeare’s plays also make a lot of sense to us today. 直到今天我们还受到孔子思想的影响，莎士比亚的戏剧现在对我们来说也仍然很有意义。21·cn·jy·com
influence 此处是动词，“影响”。be influenced by“受到……影响”，eg：
Don’t let me influence your decision. 不要让我影响你的决定。
influence 还可做名词，eg：
Television has a strong influence on people. 电视对人们的影响很大。21·世纪*教育网
4. 被动语态：
一、什么情况下使用被动语态：
1. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者，eg：
This book is deeply loved by children. 这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。21教育网
2. 不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，eg：
English is spoken in the USA. 美国说英语。
3. 当说话人需要强调客观事实时，用被动语态，eg：
It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃。据说明天将高达40℃。
二、主动语态变为被动语态的方法：
1. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，注意新主语的单复数；
2. 注意原句的时态，把谓语变成被 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动结构（be+过去分词），根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的具体形式；www-2-1-cnjy-com
3. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格变为宾格，放于过去分词之后或句末，剩余部分依次跟上，eg：　　21*cnjy*com
People grow rice in the south of the country. →
Rice is grown in the south of the country.
The school doesn't all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. →【版权所有：21教育】
We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 21教育名师原创作品
My aunt invites me to her dinner party. →
I am invited (by my aunt) to her dinner party.
三、一般现在时的被动语态的各类句式：
1. 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）；
2. 否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）；
3. 一般疑问句：Am/is/are+主语+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）；
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）
The room is cleaned every day (by us). 教室每天都被（我们）打扫。21cnjy.com
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 游客被要求不准触摸展品。2-1-c-n-j-y
Is the boy called Tom 这个男孩是叫汤姆吗？
四、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化：
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以 do 为例，如下：
一般现在时：am / is / are + done； 一般过去时：was / were + donewww.21-cn-jy.com
一般将来时：shall / will + be done； 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done
现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done；过去进行时：was / were + being + done
现在完成时：have / has + been + done
注意：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
Practice：
Ⅰ. 将下列主动语态变成被动语态：
1. The great musician gives a concert in Guangzhou. 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
2. The three ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Gorges produces electricity for millions of people in China. 【出处：21教育名师】
3. He invented special medical tools to use outside hospitals.
4. His inventions saved many lives.
5. He cut his finger during an operation.
6. You must not touch anything.
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. Doctors _______ in every part of the world.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
2. The key ________ on the table when I leave.
A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left
3. Japanese _______ in every country.
A. is not sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking
4. Who was the book________
A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by
5. Where ________ these boxes made
A. was B. were C. is D. am
6. The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.
A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended
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