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河南省信阳市高中2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读理解
My sister recently started a blog, and I wanted to gift her a book on writing—"Elements of Style". There are many websites that sell books online in India, and I will list down the information about this book. My friend told me that Amazon. com sells this book for $7. 00, which is Rs. 350（350卢比）. Let's see if I will get something close to that price or not.
Rediff Books. The first site I discovered was Rediff Books. I was able to find this book easily on this site, and there were three different choices of these. The top result was the hardcover（精装本）, which was priced at Rs. 2, 831. They have the paperback edition（平装本as well, which was priced at very reasonable Rs. 191； only one problem- they would take 45business days to ship
NBC India. Next, I went to the site of NBC India, and found the book there too. They had a list price on the paperback edition of Rs. 366, and the picture of the book was exactly like the one I have. The price and picture pleased me quite a bit, but the results page did not show me the shipping days
Flip Kart. I have heard of Flip Kart before, but never actually used it. They had this book listed at Rs. 175, and they said it would be shipped in 4-6 business days. This was a paperback edition that was printed in 2006, and it looked quite promising
Amazon. com. Amazon. com can ship books to India. They charge another $3. 00 for shipping one. They said that it can take anywhere from18 to 31 business days
After going through the information, I felt that Flip Kart is the best one, and I went ahead and ordered the book. I hope it reaches within the stated time, and is in good condition.
1．If the author buys this book in A mazon. com, how much will she have to pay
A．Rs. 175 B．Rs. 350 C．Rs. 500 D．Rs. 700
2．Which website spends the longest time to ship the book according to the passage
A．Rediff Books B．NBC India C．Flip Kart D．Amazon. com
3．Why did the author consider Flip Kart as the best choice of all the websites!
A．Because the author has heard of Flip Kart before
B．Because Flip Kart has the lowest price and the shortest ship time
C．Because the book was printed in 2006, and it looked quite promising
D．Because the book will arrive within the stated time, and is in good condition
阅读理解
While most TV stations try to attract viewers by producing reality shows, Henan TV has become famous by promoting（推广） traditional culture through Chinese dance. Henan TV produced seven dance pieces introducing traditional culture for traditional festivals, such as"Rhapsody on the Luo River Goddess（《洛神水赋》）", a two-minute underwater dance for the Dragon Boat Festival. "Guardian Warriors of Longmen（《龙门金刚》）", a dance piece supported by AR technology against the backdrop of the Longmen Grottoes（石窟）"These pieces have gotten nearly 30 billion hits, " said Yao Wei, director of the TV station. "It's a huge success for Henan TV. "
On Nov 1, 2021, Yao was invited to talk about how the TV station had produced the hit dance pieces at a three-day forum（论坛） centering on the research of Chinese dance.
The pieces were popular with audiences, most of whom are members of Gen Z, （people born between 1995 and 2009）, Yao said"It's been over forty years since the country's reform（改革）and opening-up and the younger generations have grown up with open minds. They love Chinese culture and are proud of it, "said Yao. "What we need to do is present Chinese culture and tradition in interesting ways for those young people
Yao added that Henan TV has been producing shows promoting traditional culture, such as traditional operas and kung Fu, for nearly 30 years
"To allure younger audiences, we are also changing our shows. One of the keys is to produce them with creativity, "Yao said. "For example, the latest technology and special stage settings, like underwater scenes, have become our new ways of telling stories about traditional Chinese culture
Another key to successfully reaching younger audiences is using social media to promote their shows
'Social media is being shaped and driven by young people. It's a powerful form of communication. When they watch short videos, they easily become interested in an eye-catching video, "Yao said.
4．What can we learn about the seven dance pieces produced by Henan TV
A．They were performed by/famous stars
B．They were presented in creative ways
C．They were about the reform and opening-up
D．They were produced by AR technology
5．What's Gen Z's attitude toward the|seven dance pieces
A．Interested B．Hopeful C．Puzzled D．Disappointed
6．What does the underlined word "allure"in the third-to-last paragraph probably mean
A．Greet B．Support C．Attract D．Interview
7．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To report on the features of traditional Chinese dance
B．To tell the traditional stories of the seven dance pieces
C．To explain how technology helps promote traditional Chinese culture
D．To introduce the success of the dance series produced by Henan TV
阅读理解
Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels.
He spent hours meeting with clients（客户）, but he dreamed of being a novelist instead. I remember thinking： Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn't
A decade later, however, I was surprised to see the same person on TV, holding up his new book. James Patterson had developed into a best-selling author. He has since published more than100 New York Times best sellers.
"I never thought of myself as an advertising person, he told me when
asked how he'd done it. "I always planned to be a writer. "Mr. Patterson's ability to see himself as a writer shows at erm（术语）"possible selves. "It describes how people envision their futures： what they may become, or want to become, etc
The term. created in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Mark us and Paula Nurius, grew out of research on self-concept and self-perception（自我知觉）. While self-concepts, like "I am a kind person"or "I am a good parent", are based on the present, the researchers found that people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change.
These possible selves, both positive and negative, are closely related to motivation （动机）. In a small study, when young adults were made to envision themselves as either regular exercisers（hoped-for selves） or inactive （feared selves）, both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward. But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future
A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, "if you build bridge from your'now' self to the possible self；"Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge？
8．What was the author's attitude towards James Patterson's dream at first
A．Doubtful B．Curious C．Worried D．Disdpbointed
9．What does the underlined word "envision）" mean in the fourth paragraph
A．Face B．Imagine C．Make D．Determine
10．What can we learn about possible self"from paragraphs 5 and 6
A．It is a necessity for a better future
B．It refers to a person's present behaviors
C．Negative possible selves cannot inspire people
D．Imagining positive possible selves can promote one's health
11．What will be talked about in the following paragraphs
A．How a possible self can be of help
B．How to connect "now" self and possible self
C．What could be done to change one's possible self
D．What motivation is needed to have a positive self
阅读理解
Whales are important animals in the sea. The organizations of the world are calling all nations not to kill or eat whales any more. But Japan's new whaling（捕鲸）plan is a great danger to the living of these large animals. It will also do harm to the sea interests（利益）of other surrounding countries including China, experts said.
After the Japanese government made its decision clear on Nov. 8, 2016 to catch 100more whales in 2017, many animal experts in the world voiced their angry answers.
According to a Japan News report, Japan caught 174 minke whales and 140 sei whales totally in the northwest Pacific Ocean in 2017.
After years of overfishing（过度捕捞）, the population of minke whales in the northwest Pacific Ocean has been reduced to a dangerous level. Therefore, Japan should stop whaling in the area, " said Wang Yaming, a leader of the International Whaling Organization. According to Wang, most whales living in the northwest Pacific Ocean are migratory（迁徙的）animals, and their traveling way is very close to the land of Russia, South Korea, North Korea, Japan and China. Japan's whaling will also have a terrible influence on those countries
Although the world has stopped to catch and kill whales, Japan lies to others that its killing of whales is just for scientific purposes. However, many experts don't agree with it completely. "Japan should not kill more whales, as doing so would harm the international whale resources（资源）. Japan's whaling in the northwest Pacific Ocean hasn't drawn much more attention because it hardly influences the interests of western countries. " Wang explained.
It is really high time for Japan to stop its whaling from now on.
12．What is the attitude of animal experts to the Japan's whaling plan？
A．Surprised B．Interested C．Happy D．Angry
13．According to the Japan News report mentioned in the passage, how many whales did Japan catch in the year of 2017
A．About 240 B．About 274 C．About 314 D．About 414
14．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A．Whales travel far from the land of Japan when they are migrating
B．Near the land of China, people could not find any whales at all
C．Overfishing made certain whales in the northwest Pacific Ocean fewer
D．Japan's whaling has nothing to do with the neighboring countries
15．What is the purpose of its whaling according to Japanese government
A．Scientific study B．Food supply
C．Zoo interests D．Sea balance
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
Change Your Routines（日常生活）
It can be difficult to move forward in a new direction if you just keep following the same routines day in and day out. People tend to（倾向于） be creatures of habits, and some times that feeling of being stuck in a rut（墨守陈规） can result from a sense of boredom（无聊）. 16． Here are some things you can try。
17． . This can be a great way to enrich（使丰富）your social connections and learn interesting things about the people who are around you. So you can choose a person around you and then talk with him.
Have some fun. 18． For example, you can hang out with friends or take up a hobby that you are always interested in. Set aside some time during the week, during which you can spend your energy in having a good time.
Try something new. Whether it is taking a new way to work, watching a new show, or signing up for some kind of class, 19． This can help add the beautiful scenery to your life and may give you a totally new life.
Be spontaneous（自发的）. If you are bored with（some part of your life, start trying to live in the moment. 20． Say yes to the experiences that are without 'any plans and do not be afraid to do the experiments that are without any plans and do not be afraid to do the unexpected things.
A. Start a conversation
B. accept what you are feeling
C. Try to head outdoors for a walk
D. Do things that are not carefully pre-planned.
E. Spend some time on an activity you truly love
F. explore the world around you in new and different ways.
G. So look for ways you can add some different experiences to each day.
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
When I was a boy, my parents owned a small grocery store. As I 21． those days. many people come to mind, One such person was Nick
I still remember the first time I saw him—or perhaps "experienced" him is a more 22． term. The moment he entered the store I could feel a rush of 23． fill the place. Singing at the top of his lungs, Nick made quite a（n） 24． .
Nick had great enthusiasm for life. I really admired him for his ability to be completely himself and at 25． with everyone he met and in every situation. For me, his 26． wasn't really what he did or how he did it, but rather that he was absolutely comfortable simply being himself— a true free spirit. The memory of Nick 27． me of the encouraging phrase, "Dance like no one is 28． .
Countless times I've resisted expressing myself simply because I didn't want to 29． looking silly or foolish. I often 30． my true self behind a wall of insecurity, bu respect those who 31． this inhibition（压抑）. No 32． this is why I remember Nick so fondly, for he was who he was, and didn't for a second 33． any of it back. Whether you loved him or hated him, Nick most certainly danced to his own 34． and never apologized for it.
Perhaps someday I, too, will have the courage and confidence to 35． the steps to that dance.
21．A．keep track of B．make use of C．think back to D．come down to
22．A．academic B．appropriate C．abstract D．advanced
23．A．wind B．fear C．smell D．energy
24．A．entrance B．exit C．fortune D．mistake
25．A．war B．sea C．odds D．ease
26．A．appearance B．credit C．appeal D．achievement
27．A．informs B．relieves C．reminds D．warns
28．A．watching B．singing C．thinking D．hearing
29．A．mean B．risk C．allow D．avoid
30．A．display B．hide C．expose D．enjoy
31．A．lack B．have C．exhibit D．bear
32．A．idea B．way C．doubt D．excuse
33．A．pay B．give C．take D．hold
34．A．role B．style C．tune D．way
35．A．recognize B．learn C．praise D．remember
四、语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In Lanzhou, Gansu province, the day begins 36． a hot bowl of beef noodles
According to a recent archaeological 37． （discover）in Qinghai Province where a 50-centimeter-long noodle was unearthed, the noodles have a history of about 4, 000 years.
Recently, the first recipe（菜谱） for Lanzhou beef noodles was discovered in 38． unusual form of a poem（古诗）by the late 18th century scholar Chen Weijing. Few 39． （write）frecipes survive from the Qing Dynasty, because cook 40． （consider） a lower-end profession（职业） then, which hardly attracted educated people. The poem listed two ingredients per line, although without further 41． （instruction）such as the amount of each ingredient or the cooking time
The second person 42． （improve）Lanzhou beef noodles was a cook named Ma Zilu, 43． lived in the early twentieth century. By that time, hundreds of beef noodle restaurants had opened in Lanzhou, and the taste in each location differed 44． （significant）. After achieving a form of unity among the different restaurants in Lanzhou, Ma later opened a small food cart and traveled around China, 45． （introduce） the dish all the way to the southeast port city of Guangzhou.
五、书面表达（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华, 你校摄影俱乐部正在征集以"中国航天"为主题的短视频, 你打算邀请你校的交换生Thomas一起制作, 请给他写一封邮件, 内容包括：
1. 作品要求；
2. 你对作品的设想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
六、短文续写（满分25分）
47．短文续写
As he lay awake that night, Tony could hear his parents discussing his sister Alice's birthday. It was just two days away. Birthdays were always a lot of fun, even though there was no money for store-bought gifts. Nearly all of toys he and his sister had were homemade. There was nothing wrong with that, he knew. Like many families in this part, they were poor.
This birthday would be different, though. Alice was older now, and he'd seen how her eyes lit up when she saw the new doll at（Honey House, a neighborhood store just down the road from their house.
How he longed for her to have it! An idea finally came to him just before he went to bed. After a quick breakfast the following morning, he tied a bag to the handlebars of his bike and headed toward a village hill.
After a long journey, he reached his destination, the mango forest. There were already two other boys there. Tony grabbed his bag and set to work immediately.
The sun was high overhead. The weather was hot and nearly all of the taller trees held ripe mangoes but they were well beyond reach. Tony struggled to climb the trees to pick mangoes, though he fell off many times.
His efforts were sometimes rewarded when a mango dropped into the bag. After a while his neck ached from looking upward, and his arms grew sore. He kept at it, though, and by late afternoon his bag was nearly full.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
2. 续写部分分两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath. only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door.
Paragraph 2：
The following morning, Alice walked into the（kitchen）and took a seat at the breakfast table.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海外购书的四个网站的优劣。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"My friend told me that Amazon. com sells this book for $7. 00, which is Rs. 350（350卢比）我朋友告诉我亚马逊。Com以7美元的价格出售这本书。00美元，即350卢比"，可知这本书在 A mazon. com网站售卖350卢比，故选B。
2．细节理解题。对比四个购书网站的邮递时间（依次是45 business days，not mentioned，4-6 business days和18 to 31 business days），可知Rediff Books的邮递时间最长，故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第三个标题下的" they said it would be shipped in 4-6 business days他们说4-6个工作日可以发货"，"hey had this book listed at Rs. 175这本书标价175卢比"和最后一段"I hope it reaches within the stated time我希望它能在规定的时间内到达"，可知是因为Flip Kart的发货时间短和价格低，所以作者才选择了它，故选B。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；观点态度题；说明文；社会文化类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，着重介绍了河南电视台制作的7个与传统文化有关的视频，并受到年轻人的一致好评。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题、观点态度题、词义猜测题和主旨题。从题型上看属于有难度的题型，推断题和观点态度题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题，则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话"What we need to do is present Chinese culture and tradition in interesting ways for those young people我们需要做的是以有趣的方式为这些年轻人呈现中国文化和传统"和第五段第二句话"One of the keys is to produce them with creativity其中一个关键是要有创造力"，可知河南电视台制作的七段舞蹈很有创造性，故选B。
5．观点态度题。根据最后一段中"When they watch short videos, they easily become interested in an eye-catching video当他们观看短视频时，他们很容易对引人注目的视频产生兴趣"，可知他们对视频很感兴趣，故选A。
6．词义猜测题。根据后半句"we are also changing our shows我们也在改变节目"，结合选项，可知改变节目是为了吸引观众，故选C。
7．主旨大意题。A、To report on the features of traditional Chinese danceA、 中国传统舞蹈特色报告；B、To tell the traditional stories of the seven dance piecesB、 讲述七段舞蹈的传统故事；C、To explain how technology helps promote traditional Chinese cultureC、 解释技术如何促进中国传统文化；D、To introduce the success of the dance series produced by Henan TV D、 介绍河南电视台舞蹈系列节目的成功；文章着重介绍了河南电视台制作的7个与传统文化有关的视频，并受到年轻人的一致好评，故选D。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．D
11．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；观点态度题；说明文；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过与James Patterson的接触与了解，作者提出了一个术语——可能的自我，并对这一概念进行了解释和说明。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题、观点态度题和细节理解题从题型上看属于有难度的题型，推断题和观点态度题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息；细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案。
8．观点态度题。根据第一段的内容"Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels几年前，作为一名商业记者，我采访了一位广告经理。我是来询问最新的竞选活动的。但当我坐下时，他想谈谈写小说"和第二段最后一句" Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn't 当然，每个人都梦想成为小说家。谁不？"可知作者对詹姆斯先生要成为小说家的梦想持怀疑态度，故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线词前的"I always planned to be a writer我一直计划成为一名作家"和"ability to see himself as a writer将自己视为作家的能力"，结合选项，可知envision意"想象"，即把自己想象成作家，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change人们也会受到可能的自我的影响——他们将来会成为什么样子，他们会如何改变"，可知想象"可能的自我"对人的健康有好处，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据全文最后一句话" But how do we build that bridge？但我们要如何搭建那座桥呢？"可知下文应是介绍搭建"桥梁"的方式，故选B。
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．C
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；观点态度题；数字计算题；环境保护类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了日本不顾国际社会的反对，打死捕杀附近海域鲸鱼。
【点评】细节题、推断题、和观点态度题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；观点态度题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息。
12．观点态度题。根据第一段中的" But Japan's new whaling（捕鲸）plan is a great danger to the living of these large animals. It will also do harm to the sea interests（利益）of other surrounding countries including China, experts said但是日本新的捕鲸计划对这些大型动物的生存构成了极大的威胁。专家表示，这也会损害包括中国在内的其他周边国家的海洋利益"，可知专家对日本的捕鲸计划感到生气，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段"According to a Japan News report, Japan caught 174 minke whales and 140 sei whales totally in the northwest Pacific Ocean in 2017据《日本新闻》报道，2017年，日本在西北太平洋共捕获了174头小须鲸和140头塞鲸"，可知2017年日本大约捕杀了174+140=314头鲸鱼，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"After years of overfishing（过度捕捞）, the population of minke whales in the northwest Pacific Ocean has been reduced to a dangerous level经过多年的过度捕捞，西北太平洋的小须鲸数量已经减少到危险的水平"，可知过度捕捞使西北太平洋的鲸鱼数量急剧减少，故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Japan lies to others that its killing of whales is just for scientific purposes日本对其他国家撒谎说它捕杀鲸鱼只是为了科研目的"，可知日本政府对外声称捕杀鲸鱼是为了科学研究，故选A。
【答案】16．G；17．A；18．E；19．F；20．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种改变日常生活的方法。
A. 开始对话
B. 接受你的感觉
C. 试着去户外散步
D. 做一些事先没有仔细计划的事情。
E. 花些时间在你真正喜欢的活动上
F. 用新的和不同的方式探索你周围的世界。
G. 所以，每天都要想办法增加一些不同的体验。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．根据空格前后的"People tend to（倾向于） be creatures of habits, and some times that feeling of being stuck in a rut（墨守陈规） can result from a sense of boredom（无聊）人们往往是习惯的生物，有时候，被困在墨守成规的感觉可能来自于一种无聊的感觉"和"Here are some things you can try这里有一些你可以尝试的方法"，可知空格处应是为空格前的问题提出解决办法，结合选项，可知选项G：所以，每天都要想办法增加一些不同的体验能使上下文连贯，符合语境，故选G。
17．根据文章结构和第三、四、五段的段首句，可知此空格处为段落标题句，且需祈使句；根据下文"This can be a great way to enrich（使丰富）your social connections and learn interesting things about the people who are around you. So you can choose a person around you and then talk with him这是丰富你的社会关系的好方法，还能从你周围的人身上学到有趣的东西。所以你可以选择一个人在你身边，然后与他交谈"，可知作者希望读者与人进行交谈，故选A。
18．根据下文"For example, you can hang out with friends or take up a hobby that you are always interested in. Set aside some time during the week, during which you can spend your energy in having a good time例如，你可以和朋友出去玩，或者培养一个你一直感兴趣的爱好。在一周中留出一些时间，在这段时间里，你可以把精力花在享受美好时光上"，可知作者建议读者做喜欢的事，这与选项E内容一致，故选E。
19．根据段落标题"Try something new尝试新事物"，和空格前后的句子，可知作者建议读者尝试新事物，这与选项"F：用新的和不同的方式探索你周围的世界"一致，故选F。
20．根据空格后的"Say yes to the experiences that are without 'any plans and do not be afraid to do the experiments that are without any plans and do not be afraid to do the unexpected things对没有任何计划的经历说"是"，不要害怕做没有任何计划的实验，不要害怕做意想不到的事情"，可知作者建议读者做一些没有任何计划的事，这与选项D意义一致，故选D。
【答案】21．C；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．D；26．C；27．C；28．A；29．B；30．B；31．A；32．C；33．D；34．C；35．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者对Nick的记忆以及Nick对作者的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：就像我当年一样。我想到了很多人，其中一个就是尼克。A. keep track of跟踪；B. make use of利用；C. think back to回想；D. come down to归结为。根据下文"those days，many people come to mind.One such person was Nick"，可知此处表示作者回想起那些日子。故选C。
22．句意：我仍然记得我第一次见到他的情景——或许"经历"他是一个更恰当的说法。A. academic学术的；B. appropriate适合的；C. abstract抽象的；D. advanced先进的。根据语境，此处表示作者认为"体验"尼克是一个更适当的说法。故选B。
23．句意：他走进商店的那一刻，我能感觉到一股能量充满了整个地方。A. wind风；B. fear害怕；C. smell气味；D. energy能量。根据下文"Singing at the top of his lungs尼克高声歌唱 "可知，尼克高声歌唱，所以作者感觉到了一股活力。故选D。
24．句意：尼克声嘶力竭地唱着歌，登场了。A. entrance入口。B. exit出口；C. fortune运气；D. mistake错误。根据上文"Singing at the top of his lungs尼克高声歌唱"可知，尼克会吸引人的注意，大出风头，make quite an entrance表示"大出风头"。故选A。
25．句意：我真的很钦佩他，因为他能完全做自己，在任何情况下都能和他遇到的每个人相处得很轻松。A. war战争；B. sea海洋；C. odds机会；D. ease安逸。根据上文"I really admired him for his ability to be completely himself我真的很钦佩他能完全做自己"可知，此处表示作者钦佩尼克可以完全表现自己并感觉自在的能力，at ease表示"舒适自在"。故选D。
26．句意：对我来说，他的魅力不在于他做了什么，也不在于他是怎么做的，而在于他完全可以自在地做自己——一种真正自由的精神。A. appearance外貌；B. credit信用；C. appeal吸引；D. achievement成就。根据上文"I really admired him for his ability to be completely himself and at 5 with everyone he met and in every situation"可知，尼克使得作者钦佩，对作者有吸引力。故选C。
27．句意：对尼克的记忆让我想起了那句鼓舞人心的话:"跳舞吧，就像没有人在看一样。"A. informs通知；B. relieves释放；C. reminds提醒；D. warns警告。"根据下文"me of the encouraging phrase"，可知对尼克的记忆使作者想起了鼓舞人心的话。故选C。
28．句意：对尼克的记忆让我想起了那句鼓舞人心的话:"跳舞吧，就像没有人在看一样。"A. watching看；B. singing唱；C. thinking想；D. hearing听到。"根据上文"Dance like no one is"可知，此处表示像没有人看着一样跳舞。故选A。
29．句意：无数次，我拒绝表达自己，只是因为我不想冒险让自己看起来很傻。A. mean意思；B. risk冒险；C. allow允许；D. avoid避免。根据下文"looking silly or foolish看起来很愚蠢"可知，作者不想冒险让自己看起来很傻。故选B。
30．句意：我经常把真实的自我隐藏在不安全感的墙后面，但我尊重那些没有这种抑制的人。A. display展示；B. hide隐藏；C. expose暴漏；D. enjoy享受。根据上文"Countless times I've resisted expressing myself simply because I didn't want to （9）looking silly or foolish"，可知作者经常隐藏真实的自己。故选B。
31．句意：我经常把真实的自我隐藏在不安全感的墙后面，但我尊重那些没有这种抑制的人。A. lack缺乏；B. have有；C. exhibit展览；D. bear容忍。 根据上文"but respect those who"以及语境可知，作者经常把真实的自我隐藏在不放心的墙后，但又尊重那些缺乏这种压抑的人。故选A。
32．句意：毫无疑问，这就是为什么我对尼克的记忆如此深情，因为他就是他自己，没有一秒钟的掩饰。A. idea想法；B. way方式；C. doubt怀疑；D. excuse借口。 根据上文"I often （10）my true self behind a wall of insecurity，but respect those who （11）this inhibition （压抑）"以及下文"this is why I remember Nick so fondly"可知，毫无疑问，这就是作者记得尼克的原因，no doubt表示"毫无疑问"。故选C。
33．句意：毫无疑问，这就是为什么我对尼克的记忆如此深情，因为他就是他自己，没有一秒钟的掩饰。A. pay支付；B. give给；C. take带走；D. hold持。根据语境，此处表示尼克没有任何一秒隐藏自己，hold back表示"隐瞒"。故选D。
34．句意：不管你是爱他还是恨他，尼克总是我行我素，从不为此道歉。A. role角色；B. style风格；C. tune音调；D. way方式。根据上文"danced to his own按照自己的曲调跳舞"可知尼克按照自己的曲调跳舞。故选C。
35．句意：也许有一天，我也会有勇气和信心去学习这支舞的舞步。A. recognize认出；B. learn学习；C. praise表扬；D. remember记住。根据上文"Countless times I've resisted expressing myself我无数次拒绝表达自己"和"Perhaps someday I，too，will have the courage and confidence to也许有一天，我也会有勇气和信心去做"可知作者拒绝表现自己，所以此处表示作者希望自己可以学会舞蹈的舞步，自如地展示自己。故选B。
【答案】36．with；37．discovery；38．an；39．written；40．was considered；41．instructions；42．to improve；43．who；44．significantly；45．introducing
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了兰州拉面的起源和发展。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及介词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、谓语动词、定语从句、副词等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：在甘肃兰州，一天的开始是一碗热腾腾的牛肉面。begin with是固定短语，意"以……开头"，句中意"兰州人的一天是以一碗热腾腾的牛肉面开始的"，故填with。
37．句意：根据最近在青海省的考古发现，一个50厘米长的面条出土，面条有大约4000年的历史。根据常见结构"冠词a+形容词recent archaeological+名词"，可知空格处需要名词，故填discovery。
38．句意：最近，兰州牛肉面的第一个配方(谱)是由18世纪晚期的学者陈维景在一首不寻常的诗中发现的。空格后的form是可数名词单数形式，句中表泛指，空格处应使用不定冠词，空格后的unusual是元音音素开头，故填an。
39．句意：清代流传下来的书面菜谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词"recipe"，与被修饰名词构成被动关系，意"被写下来的菜谱"，故填written。
40．句意：清代流传下来的书面菜谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。分析句子结构，可知空格处需用谓语动词；根据句意，主语cook与谓语动词consider构成被动关系；句子发生在过去，所以应使用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填was considered。
41．句意：这首诗每行列出了两种食材，尽管没有进一步的说明，比如每种食材的用量或烹饪时间。介词without后需用名词作宾语，且instruction是可数名词；句中，表示不止一个"说明"，所以应使用复数形式，故填instructions。
42．句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫马子路的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。非谓语动词修饰名词，被修饰名词person前有序数词修饰，所以空格处应使用不定式，故填to improve。
43．句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫马子路的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，先行词指人，故填who。
44．句意：到那时，兰州已经开了数百家牛肉面店，每个地方的味道都有很大不同。分析句子结构，可知空格处应使用副词修饰动词differed，故填significantly。
45．句意：在兰州不同的餐馆之间达成某种形式的统一后，马后来开了一辆小吃车，走遍中国，把这道菜一路介绍到东南港口城市广州。非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语构成主动关系，所以应使用V-ing形式，故填introducing。
46．【答案】Dear Thomas，
To celebrate the striking progress China's space industry has made, our school's photography club is collecting short videos concerning this topic. Knowing you are keen on space exploration. I'm writing to invite you to cooperate with me. 【发出邀请】
It is required that the video be limited to 10 minutes and show the advances in China's space industry. To impress the viewers, I'm considering including the history of China's space exploration and the introduction of some outstanding astronauts in the video.
As far as I am concerned, it would be a precious opportunity to broaden our horizons a swell as enrich our knowledge. I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation.
Yours，
Li Hua.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文书信，要求考生以李华的名义，用英文写一封信， 邀请你校的交换生Thomas 参加你校摄影俱乐部征集的以"中国航天"为主题的短视频，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 作品要求；2. 你对作品的设想。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：To celebrate the striking progress China's space industry has made, our school's photography club is collecting short videos concerning this topic和Knowing you are keen on space exploration. I'm writing to invite you to cooperate with me运用了动词非谓语动词作状语；It is required that the video be limited to 10 minutes and show the advances in China's space industry运用了it作形式主语、that充当真实主语从句的句型。
47．【答案】Paragraph 1：
Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath, only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door. Seeing Tony, he told him to come the next day. But Tony didn't give up and explained all to the owner. Hearing Tony's explanation, the owner opened the bag to check the mangoes. To Tony's disappointment, they were not enough to exchange a lovely doll. He was walking out with tears rolling down his face when the owner stopped him and finally agreed because of his love for his sister. After giving many thanks, Tony got his sister a dream present.
Paragraph 2：
The following morning, Alice walked into the kitchen and took a seat at the breakfast table. She noticed a beautiful box on the table. Curious, she opened the box carefully. To her great surprise, she found the doll she had been dreaming of for a long time. When Tony said happy birthday to her, Alice couldn't help crying and hugged him tightly. Touched by the warm atmosphere, their parents smiled with pleasure, knowing their son had grown up and was reliable enough to take care of his sister.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读可知，文章主要讲述了为了给妹妹过一个不同以往的生日，Tony用辛苦摘来的芒果给妹妹换生日礼物的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"Tony上气不接下气地跑回蜂蜜屋，却发现店主正要关门。"可知，第一段描写Tony说服店主并成功给妹妹买到心仪已久的生日礼物；②由第二段首句内容"第二天早上，爱丽丝走进(厨房)，在早餐桌旁坐下"可知，第二段可描写妹妹看到Tony为自己准备的生日礼物时的表现。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型是文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Seeing Tony, he told him to come the next day、Hearing Tony's explanation, the owner opened the bag to check the mangoes和Touched by the warm atmosphere, their parents smiled with pleasure, knowing their son had grown up and was reliable enough to take care of his sister都运用了非谓语动词作状语的语法结构；Curious, she opened the box carefully运用了形容词作状语的结构；To her great surprise, she found the doll she had been dreaming of for a long time运用了定语从句。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
河南省信阳市高中2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读理解
My sister recently started a blog, and I wanted to gift her a book on writing—"Elements of Style". There are many websites that sell books online in India, and I will list down the information about this book. My friend told me that Amazon. com sells this book for $7. 00, which is Rs. 350（350卢比）. Let's see if I will get something close to that price or not.
Rediff Books. The first site I discovered was Rediff Books. I was able to find this book easily on this site, and there were three different choices of these. The top result was the hardcover（精装本）, which was priced at Rs. 2, 831. They have the paperback edition（平装本as well, which was priced at very reasonable Rs. 191； only one problem- they would take 45business days to ship
NBC India. Next, I went to the site of NBC India, and found the book there too. They had a list price on the paperback edition of Rs. 366, and the picture of the book was exactly like the one I have. The price and picture pleased me quite a bit, but the results page did not show me the shipping days
Flip Kart. I have heard of Flip Kart before, but never actually used it. They had this book listed at Rs. 175, and they said it would be shipped in 4-6 business days. This was a paperback edition that was printed in 2006, and it looked quite promising
Amazon. com. Amazon. com can ship books to India. They charge another $3. 00 for shipping one. They said that it can take anywhere from18 to 31 business days
After going through the information, I felt that Flip Kart is the best one, and I went ahead and ordered the book. I hope it reaches within the stated time, and is in good condition.
1．If the author buys this book in A mazon. com, how much will she have to pay
A．Rs. 175 B．Rs. 350 C．Rs. 500 D．Rs. 700
2．Which website spends the longest time to ship the book according to the passage
A．Rediff Books B．NBC India C．Flip Kart D．Amazon. com
3．Why did the author consider Flip Kart as the best choice of all the websites!
A．Because the author has heard of Flip Kart before
B．Because Flip Kart has the lowest price and the shortest ship time
C．Because the book was printed in 2006, and it looked quite promising
D．Because the book will arrive within the stated time, and is in good condition
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海外购书的四个网站的优劣。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"My friend told me that Amazon. com sells this book for $7. 00, which is Rs. 350（350卢比）我朋友告诉我亚马逊。Com以7美元的价格出售这本书。00美元，即350卢比"，可知这本书在 A mazon. com网站售卖350卢比，故选B。
2．细节理解题。对比四个购书网站的邮递时间（依次是45 business days，not mentioned，4-6 business days和18 to 31 business days），可知Rediff Books的邮递时间最长，故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第三个标题下的" they said it would be shipped in 4-6 business days他们说4-6个工作日可以发货"，"hey had this book listed at Rs. 175这本书标价175卢比"和最后一段"I hope it reaches within the stated time我希望它能在规定的时间内到达"，可知是因为Flip Kart的发货时间短和价格低，所以作者才选择了它，故选B。
阅读理解
While most TV stations try to attract viewers by producing reality shows, Henan TV has become famous by promoting（推广） traditional culture through Chinese dance. Henan TV produced seven dance pieces introducing traditional culture for traditional festivals, such as"Rhapsody on the Luo River Goddess（《洛神水赋》）", a two-minute underwater dance for the Dragon Boat Festival. "Guardian Warriors of Longmen（《龙门金刚》）", a dance piece supported by AR technology against the backdrop of the Longmen Grottoes（石窟）"These pieces have gotten nearly 30 billion hits, " said Yao Wei, director of the TV station. "It's a huge success for Henan TV. "
On Nov 1, 2021, Yao was invited to talk about how the TV station had produced the hit dance pieces at a three-day forum（论坛） centering on the research of Chinese dance.
The pieces were popular with audiences, most of whom are members of Gen Z, （people born between 1995 and 2009）, Yao said"It's been over forty years since the country's reform（改革）and opening-up and the younger generations have grown up with open minds. They love Chinese culture and are proud of it, "said Yao. "What we need to do is present Chinese culture and tradition in interesting ways for those young people
Yao added that Henan TV has been producing shows promoting traditional culture, such as traditional operas and kung Fu, for nearly 30 years
"To allure younger audiences, we are also changing our shows. One of the keys is to produce them with creativity, "Yao said. "For example, the latest technology and special stage settings, like underwater scenes, have become our new ways of telling stories about traditional Chinese culture
Another key to successfully reaching younger audiences is using social media to promote their shows
'Social media is being shaped and driven by young people. It's a powerful form of communication. When they watch short videos, they easily become interested in an eye-catching video, "Yao said.
4．What can we learn about the seven dance pieces produced by Henan TV
A．They were performed by/famous stars
B．They were presented in creative ways
C．They were about the reform and opening-up
D．They were produced by AR technology
5．What's Gen Z's attitude toward the|seven dance pieces
A．Interested B．Hopeful C．Puzzled D．Disappointed
6．What does the underlined word "allure"in the third-to-last paragraph probably mean
A．Greet B．Support C．Attract D．Interview
7．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To report on the features of traditional Chinese dance
B．To tell the traditional stories of the seven dance pieces
C．To explain how technology helps promote traditional Chinese culture
D．To introduce the success of the dance series produced by Henan TV
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．D
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；观点态度题；说明文；社会文化类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，着重介绍了河南电视台制作的7个与传统文化有关的视频，并受到年轻人的一致好评。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题、观点态度题、词义猜测题和主旨题。从题型上看属于有难度的题型，推断题和观点态度题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题，则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话"What we need to do is present Chinese culture and tradition in interesting ways for those young people我们需要做的是以有趣的方式为这些年轻人呈现中国文化和传统"和第五段第二句话"One of the keys is to produce them with creativity其中一个关键是要有创造力"，可知河南电视台制作的七段舞蹈很有创造性，故选B。
5．观点态度题。根据最后一段中"When they watch short videos, they easily become interested in an eye-catching video当他们观看短视频时，他们很容易对引人注目的视频产生兴趣"，可知他们对视频很感兴趣，故选A。
6．词义猜测题。根据后半句"we are also changing our shows我们也在改变节目"，结合选项，可知改变节目是为了吸引观众，故选C。
7．主旨大意题。A、To report on the features of traditional Chinese danceA、 中国传统舞蹈特色报告；B、To tell the traditional stories of the seven dance piecesB、 讲述七段舞蹈的传统故事；C、To explain how technology helps promote traditional Chinese cultureC、 解释技术如何促进中国传统文化；D、To introduce the success of the dance series produced by Henan TV D、 介绍河南电视台舞蹈系列节目的成功；文章着重介绍了河南电视台制作的7个与传统文化有关的视频，并受到年轻人的一致好评，故选D。
阅读理解
Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels.
He spent hours meeting with clients（客户）, but he dreamed of being a novelist instead. I remember thinking： Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn't
A decade later, however, I was surprised to see the same person on TV, holding up his new book. James Patterson had developed into a best-selling author. He has since published more than100 New York Times best sellers.
"I never thought of myself as an advertising person, he told me when
asked how he'd done it. "I always planned to be a writer. "Mr. Patterson's ability to see himself as a writer shows at erm（术语）"possible selves. "It describes how people envision their futures： what they may become, or want to become, etc
The term. created in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Mark us and Paula Nurius, grew out of research on self-concept and self-perception（自我知觉）. While self-concepts, like "I am a kind person"or "I am a good parent", are based on the present, the researchers found that people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change.
These possible selves, both positive and negative, are closely related to motivation （动机）. In a small study, when young adults were made to envision themselves as either regular exercisers（hoped-for selves） or inactive （feared selves）, both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward. But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future
A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, "if you build bridge from your'now' self to the possible self；"Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge？
8．What was the author's attitude towards James Patterson's dream at first
A．Doubtful B．Curious C．Worried D．Disdpbointed
9．What does the underlined word "envision）" mean in the fourth paragraph
A．Face B．Imagine C．Make D．Determine
10．What can we learn about possible self"from paragraphs 5 and 6
A．It is a necessity for a better future
B．It refers to a person's present behaviors
C．Negative possible selves cannot inspire people
D．Imagining positive possible selves can promote one's health
11．What will be talked about in the following paragraphs
A．How a possible self can be of help
B．How to connect "now" self and possible self
C．What could be done to change one's possible self
D．What motivation is needed to have a positive self
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．D
11．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；观点态度题；说明文；人生百味类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过与James Patterson的接触与了解，作者提出了一个术语——可能的自我，并对这一概念进行了解释和说明。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题、观点态度题和细节理解题从题型上看属于有难度的题型，推断题和观点态度题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息；细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案。
8．观点态度题。根据第一段的内容"Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels几年前，作为一名商业记者，我采访了一位广告经理。我是来询问最新的竞选活动的。但当我坐下时，他想谈谈写小说"和第二段最后一句" Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn't 当然，每个人都梦想成为小说家。谁不？"可知作者对詹姆斯先生要成为小说家的梦想持怀疑态度，故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线词前的"I always planned to be a writer我一直计划成为一名作家"和"ability to see himself as a writer将自己视为作家的能力"，结合选项，可知envision意"想象"，即把自己想象成作家，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change人们也会受到可能的自我的影响——他们将来会成为什么样子，他们会如何改变"，可知想象"可能的自我"对人的健康有好处，故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据全文最后一句话" But how do we build that bridge？但我们要如何搭建那座桥呢？"可知下文应是介绍搭建"桥梁"的方式，故选B。
阅读理解
Whales are important animals in the sea. The organizations of the world are calling all nations not to kill or eat whales any more. But Japan's new whaling（捕鲸）plan is a great danger to the living of these large animals. It will also do harm to the sea interests（利益）of other surrounding countries including China, experts said.
After the Japanese government made its decision clear on Nov. 8, 2016 to catch 100more whales in 2017, many animal experts in the world voiced their angry answers.
According to a Japan News report, Japan caught 174 minke whales and 140 sei whales totally in the northwest Pacific Ocean in 2017.
After years of overfishing（过度捕捞）, the population of minke whales in the northwest Pacific Ocean has been reduced to a dangerous level. Therefore, Japan should stop whaling in the area, " said Wang Yaming, a leader of the International Whaling Organization. According to Wang, most whales living in the northwest Pacific Ocean are migratory（迁徙的）animals, and their traveling way is very close to the land of Russia, South Korea, North Korea, Japan and China. Japan's whaling will also have a terrible influence on those countries
Although the world has stopped to catch and kill whales, Japan lies to others that its killing of whales is just for scientific purposes. However, many experts don't agree with it completely. "Japan should not kill more whales, as doing so would harm the international whale resources（资源）. Japan's whaling in the northwest Pacific Ocean hasn't drawn much more attention because it hardly influences the interests of western countries. " Wang explained.
It is really high time for Japan to stop its whaling from now on.
12．What is the attitude of animal experts to the Japan's whaling plan？
A．Surprised B．Interested C．Happy D．Angry
13．According to the Japan News report mentioned in the passage, how many whales did Japan catch in the year of 2017
A．About 240 B．About 274 C．About 314 D．About 414
14．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A．Whales travel far from the land of Japan when they are migrating
B．Near the land of China, people could not find any whales at all
C．Overfishing made certain whales in the northwest Pacific Ocean fewer
D．Japan's whaling has nothing to do with the neighboring countries
15．What is the purpose of its whaling according to Japanese government
A．Scientific study B．Food supply
C．Zoo interests D．Sea balance
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．C
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；观点态度题；数字计算题；环境保护类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了日本不顾国际社会的反对，打死捕杀附近海域鲸鱼。
【点评】细节题、推断题、和观点态度题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；观点态度题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息。
12．观点态度题。根据第一段中的" But Japan's new whaling（捕鲸）plan is a great danger to the living of these large animals. It will also do harm to the sea interests（利益）of other surrounding countries including China, experts said但是日本新的捕鲸计划对这些大型动物的生存构成了极大的威胁。专家表示，这也会损害包括中国在内的其他周边国家的海洋利益"，可知专家对日本的捕鲸计划感到生气，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段"According to a Japan News report, Japan caught 174 minke whales and 140 sei whales totally in the northwest Pacific Ocean in 2017据《日本新闻》报道，2017年，日本在西北太平洋共捕获了174头小须鲸和140头塞鲸"，可知2017年日本大约捕杀了174+140=314头鲸鱼，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"After years of overfishing（过度捕捞）, the population of minke whales in the northwest Pacific Ocean has been reduced to a dangerous level经过多年的过度捕捞，西北太平洋的小须鲸数量已经减少到危险的水平"，可知过度捕捞使西北太平洋的鲸鱼数量急剧减少，故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Japan lies to others that its killing of whales is just for scientific purposes日本对其他国家撒谎说它捕杀鲸鱼只是为了科研目的"，可知日本政府对外声称捕杀鲸鱼是为了科学研究，故选A。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
Change Your Routines（日常生活）
It can be difficult to move forward in a new direction if you just keep following the same routines day in and day out. People tend to（倾向于） be creatures of habits, and some times that feeling of being stuck in a rut（墨守陈规） can result from a sense of boredom（无聊）. 16． Here are some things you can try。
17． . This can be a great way to enrich（使丰富）your social connections and learn interesting things about the people who are around you. So you can choose a person around you and then talk with him.
Have some fun. 18． For example, you can hang out with friends or take up a hobby that you are always interested in. Set aside some time during the week, during which you can spend your energy in having a good time.
Try something new. Whether it is taking a new way to work, watching a new show, or signing up for some kind of class, 19． This can help add the beautiful scenery to your life and may give you a totally new life.
Be spontaneous（自发的）. If you are bored with（some part of your life, start trying to live in the moment. 20． Say yes to the experiences that are without 'any plans and do not be afraid to do the experiments that are without any plans and do not be afraid to do the unexpected things.
A. Start a conversation
B. accept what you are feeling
C. Try to head outdoors for a walk
D. Do things that are not carefully pre-planned.
E. Spend some time on an activity you truly love
F. explore the world around you in new and different ways.
G. So look for ways you can add some different experiences to each day.
【答案】16．G；17．A；18．E；19．F；20．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种改变日常生活的方法。
A. 开始对话
B. 接受你的感觉
C. 试着去户外散步
D. 做一些事先没有仔细计划的事情。
E. 花些时间在你真正喜欢的活动上
F. 用新的和不同的方式探索你周围的世界。
G. 所以，每天都要想办法增加一些不同的体验。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符合来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出其他选项表达完全同意思的句子，这样的话就可以直接将该选项排除。
16．根据空格前后的"People tend to（倾向于） be creatures of habits, and some times that feeling of being stuck in a rut（墨守陈规） can result from a sense of boredom（无聊）人们往往是习惯的生物，有时候，被困在墨守成规的感觉可能来自于一种无聊的感觉"和"Here are some things you can try这里有一些你可以尝试的方法"，可知空格处应是为空格前的问题提出解决办法，结合选项，可知选项G：所以，每天都要想办法增加一些不同的体验能使上下文连贯，符合语境，故选G。
17．根据文章结构和第三、四、五段的段首句，可知此空格处为段落标题句，且需祈使句；根据下文"This can be a great way to enrich（使丰富）your social connections and learn interesting things about the people who are around you. So you can choose a person around you and then talk with him这是丰富你的社会关系的好方法，还能从你周围的人身上学到有趣的东西。所以你可以选择一个人在你身边，然后与他交谈"，可知作者希望读者与人进行交谈，故选A。
18．根据下文"For example, you can hang out with friends or take up a hobby that you are always interested in. Set aside some time during the week, during which you can spend your energy in having a good time例如，你可以和朋友出去玩，或者培养一个你一直感兴趣的爱好。在一周中留出一些时间，在这段时间里，你可以把精力花在享受美好时光上"，可知作者建议读者做喜欢的事，这与选项E内容一致，故选E。
19．根据段落标题"Try something new尝试新事物"，和空格前后的句子，可知作者建议读者尝试新事物，这与选项"F：用新的和不同的方式探索你周围的世界"一致，故选F。
20．根据空格后的"Say yes to the experiences that are without 'any plans and do not be afraid to do the experiments that are without any plans and do not be afraid to do the unexpected things对没有任何计划的经历说"是"，不要害怕做没有任何计划的实验，不要害怕做意想不到的事情"，可知作者建议读者做一些没有任何计划的事，这与选项D意义一致，故选D。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
When I was a boy, my parents owned a small grocery store. As I 21． those days. many people come to mind, One such person was Nick
I still remember the first time I saw him—or perhaps "experienced" him is a more 22． term. The moment he entered the store I could feel a rush of 23． fill the place. Singing at the top of his lungs, Nick made quite a（n） 24． .
Nick had great enthusiasm for life. I really admired him for his ability to be completely himself and at 25． with everyone he met and in every situation. For me, his 26． wasn't really what he did or how he did it, but rather that he was absolutely comfortable simply being himself— a true free spirit. The memory of Nick 27． me of the encouraging phrase, "Dance like no one is 28． .
Countless times I've resisted expressing myself simply because I didn't want to 29． looking silly or foolish. I often 30． my true self behind a wall of insecurity, bu respect those who 31． this inhibition（压抑）. No 32． this is why I remember Nick so fondly, for he was who he was, and didn't for a second 33． any of it back. Whether you loved him or hated him, Nick most certainly danced to his own 34． and never apologized for it.
Perhaps someday I, too, will have the courage and confidence to 35． the steps to that dance.
21．A．keep track of B．make use of C．think back to D．come down to
22．A．academic B．appropriate C．abstract D．advanced
23．A．wind B．fear C．smell D．energy
24．A．entrance B．exit C．fortune D．mistake
25．A．war B．sea C．odds D．ease
26．A．appearance B．credit C．appeal D．achievement
27．A．informs B．relieves C．reminds D．warns
28．A．watching B．singing C．thinking D．hearing
29．A．mean B．risk C．allow D．avoid
30．A．display B．hide C．expose D．enjoy
31．A．lack B．have C．exhibit D．bear
32．A．idea B．way C．doubt D．excuse
33．A．pay B．give C．take D．hold
34．A．role B．style C．tune D．way
35．A．recognize B．learn C．praise D．remember
【答案】21．C；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．D；26．C；27．C；28．A；29．B；30．B；31．A；32．C；33．D；34．C；35．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者对Nick的记忆以及Nick对作者的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：就像我当年一样。我想到了很多人，其中一个就是尼克。A. keep track of跟踪；B. make use of利用；C. think back to回想；D. come down to归结为。根据下文"those days，many people come to mind.One such person was Nick"，可知此处表示作者回想起那些日子。故选C。
22．句意：我仍然记得我第一次见到他的情景——或许"经历"他是一个更恰当的说法。A. academic学术的；B. appropriate适合的；C. abstract抽象的；D. advanced先进的。根据语境，此处表示作者认为"体验"尼克是一个更适当的说法。故选B。
23．句意：他走进商店的那一刻，我能感觉到一股能量充满了整个地方。A. wind风；B. fear害怕；C. smell气味；D. energy能量。根据下文"Singing at the top of his lungs尼克高声歌唱 "可知，尼克高声歌唱，所以作者感觉到了一股活力。故选D。
24．句意：尼克声嘶力竭地唱着歌，登场了。A. entrance入口。B. exit出口；C. fortune运气；D. mistake错误。根据上文"Singing at the top of his lungs尼克高声歌唱"可知，尼克会吸引人的注意，大出风头，make quite an entrance表示"大出风头"。故选A。
25．句意：我真的很钦佩他，因为他能完全做自己，在任何情况下都能和他遇到的每个人相处得很轻松。A. war战争；B. sea海洋；C. odds机会；D. ease安逸。根据上文"I really admired him for his ability to be completely himself我真的很钦佩他能完全做自己"可知，此处表示作者钦佩尼克可以完全表现自己并感觉自在的能力，at ease表示"舒适自在"。故选D。
26．句意：对我来说，他的魅力不在于他做了什么，也不在于他是怎么做的，而在于他完全可以自在地做自己——一种真正自由的精神。A. appearance外貌；B. credit信用；C. appeal吸引；D. achievement成就。根据上文"I really admired him for his ability to be completely himself and at 5 with everyone he met and in every situation"可知，尼克使得作者钦佩，对作者有吸引力。故选C。
27．句意：对尼克的记忆让我想起了那句鼓舞人心的话:"跳舞吧，就像没有人在看一样。"A. informs通知；B. relieves释放；C. reminds提醒；D. warns警告。"根据下文"me of the encouraging phrase"，可知对尼克的记忆使作者想起了鼓舞人心的话。故选C。
28．句意：对尼克的记忆让我想起了那句鼓舞人心的话:"跳舞吧，就像没有人在看一样。"A. watching看；B. singing唱；C. thinking想；D. hearing听到。"根据上文"Dance like no one is"可知，此处表示像没有人看着一样跳舞。故选A。
29．句意：无数次，我拒绝表达自己，只是因为我不想冒险让自己看起来很傻。A. mean意思；B. risk冒险；C. allow允许；D. avoid避免。根据下文"looking silly or foolish看起来很愚蠢"可知，作者不想冒险让自己看起来很傻。故选B。
30．句意：我经常把真实的自我隐藏在不安全感的墙后面，但我尊重那些没有这种抑制的人。A. display展示；B. hide隐藏；C. expose暴漏；D. enjoy享受。根据上文"Countless times I've resisted expressing myself simply because I didn't want to （9）looking silly or foolish"，可知作者经常隐藏真实的自己。故选B。
31．句意：我经常把真实的自我隐藏在不安全感的墙后面，但我尊重那些没有这种抑制的人。A. lack缺乏；B. have有；C. exhibit展览；D. bear容忍。 根据上文"but respect those who"以及语境可知，作者经常把真实的自我隐藏在不放心的墙后，但又尊重那些缺乏这种压抑的人。故选A。
32．句意：毫无疑问，这就是为什么我对尼克的记忆如此深情，因为他就是他自己，没有一秒钟的掩饰。A. idea想法；B. way方式；C. doubt怀疑；D. excuse借口。 根据上文"I often （10）my true self behind a wall of insecurity，but respect those who （11）this inhibition （压抑）"以及下文"this is why I remember Nick so fondly"可知，毫无疑问，这就是作者记得尼克的原因，no doubt表示"毫无疑问"。故选C。
33．句意：毫无疑问，这就是为什么我对尼克的记忆如此深情，因为他就是他自己，没有一秒钟的掩饰。A. pay支付；B. give给；C. take带走；D. hold持。根据语境，此处表示尼克没有任何一秒隐藏自己，hold back表示"隐瞒"。故选D。
34．句意：不管你是爱他还是恨他，尼克总是我行我素，从不为此道歉。A. role角色；B. style风格；C. tune音调；D. way方式。根据上文"danced to his own按照自己的曲调跳舞"可知尼克按照自己的曲调跳舞。故选C。
35．句意：也许有一天，我也会有勇气和信心去学习这支舞的舞步。A. recognize认出；B. learn学习；C. praise表扬；D. remember记住。根据上文"Countless times I've resisted expressing myself我无数次拒绝表达自己"和"Perhaps someday I，too，will have the courage and confidence to也许有一天，我也会有勇气和信心去做"可知作者拒绝表现自己，所以此处表示作者希望自己可以学会舞蹈的舞步，自如地展示自己。故选B。
四、语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In Lanzhou, Gansu province, the day begins 36． a hot bowl of beef noodles
According to a recent archaeological 37． （discover）in Qinghai Province where a 50-centimeter-long noodle was unearthed, the noodles have a history of about 4, 000 years.
Recently, the first recipe（菜谱） for Lanzhou beef noodles was discovered in 38． unusual form of a poem（古诗）by the late 18th century scholar Chen Weijing. Few 39． （write）frecipes survive from the Qing Dynasty, because cook 40． （consider） a lower-end profession（职业） then, which hardly attracted educated people. The poem listed two ingredients per line, although without further 41． （instruction）such as the amount of each ingredient or the cooking time
The second person 42． （improve）Lanzhou beef noodles was a cook named Ma Zilu, 43． lived in the early twentieth century. By that time, hundreds of beef noodle restaurants had opened in Lanzhou, and the taste in each location differed 44． （significant）. After achieving a form of unity among the different restaurants in Lanzhou, Ma later opened a small food cart and traveled around China, 45． （introduce） the dish all the way to the southeast port city of Guangzhou.
【答案】36．with；37．discovery；38．an；39．written；40．was considered；41．instructions；42．to improve；43．who；44．significantly；45．introducing
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了兰州拉面的起源和发展。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及介词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、谓语动词、定语从句、副词等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：在甘肃兰州，一天的开始是一碗热腾腾的牛肉面。begin with是固定短语，意"以……开头"，句中意"兰州人的一天是以一碗热腾腾的牛肉面开始的"，故填with。
37．句意：根据最近在青海省的考古发现，一个50厘米长的面条出土，面条有大约4000年的历史。根据常见结构"冠词a+形容词recent archaeological+名词"，可知空格处需要名词，故填discovery。
38．句意：最近，兰州牛肉面的第一个配方(谱)是由18世纪晚期的学者陈维景在一首不寻常的诗中发现的。空格后的form是可数名词单数形式，句中表泛指，空格处应使用不定冠词，空格后的unusual是元音音素开头，故填an。
39．句意：清代流传下来的书面菜谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词"recipe"，与被修饰名词构成被动关系，意"被写下来的菜谱"，故填written。
40．句意：清代流传下来的书面菜谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。分析句子结构，可知空格处需用谓语动词；根据句意，主语cook与谓语动词consider构成被动关系；句子发生在过去，所以应使用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填was considered。
41．句意：这首诗每行列出了两种食材，尽管没有进一步的说明，比如每种食材的用量或烹饪时间。介词without后需用名词作宾语，且instruction是可数名词；句中，表示不止一个"说明"，所以应使用复数形式，故填instructions。
42．句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫马子路的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。非谓语动词修饰名词，被修饰名词person前有序数词修饰，所以空格处应使用不定式，故填to improve。
43．句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫马子路的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，先行词指人，故填who。
44．句意：到那时，兰州已经开了数百家牛肉面店，每个地方的味道都有很大不同。分析句子结构，可知空格处应使用副词修饰动词differed，故填significantly。
45．句意：在兰州不同的餐馆之间达成某种形式的统一后，马后来开了一辆小吃车，走遍中国，把这道菜一路介绍到东南港口城市广州。非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语构成主动关系，所以应使用V-ing形式，故填introducing。
五、书面表达（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华, 你校摄影俱乐部正在征集以"中国航天"为主题的短视频, 你打算邀请你校的交换生Thomas一起制作, 请给他写一封邮件, 内容包括：
1. 作品要求；
2. 你对作品的设想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Thomas，
To celebrate the striking progress China's space industry has made, our school's photography club is collecting short videos concerning this topic. Knowing you are keen on space exploration. I'm writing to invite you to cooperate with me. 【发出邀请】
It is required that the video be limited to 10 minutes and show the advances in China's space industry. To impress the viewers, I'm considering including the history of China's space exploration and the introduction of some outstanding astronauts in the video.
As far as I am concerned, it would be a precious opportunity to broaden our horizons a swell as enrich our knowledge. I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation.
Yours，
Li Hua.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文书信，要求考生以李华的名义，用英文写一封信， 邀请你校的交换生Thomas 参加你校摄影俱乐部征集的以"中国航天"为主题的短视频，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 作品要求；2. 你对作品的设想。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：To celebrate the striking progress China's space industry has made, our school's photography club is collecting short videos concerning this topic和Knowing you are keen on space exploration. I'm writing to invite you to cooperate with me运用了动词非谓语动词作状语；It is required that the video be limited to 10 minutes and show the advances in China's space industry运用了it作形式主语、that充当真实主语从句的句型。
六、短文续写（满分25分）
47．短文续写
As he lay awake that night, Tony could hear his parents discussing his sister Alice's birthday. It was just two days away. Birthdays were always a lot of fun, even though there was no money for store-bought gifts. Nearly all of toys he and his sister had were homemade. There was nothing wrong with that, he knew. Like many families in this part, they were poor.
This birthday would be different, though. Alice was older now, and he'd seen how her eyes lit up when she saw the new doll at（Honey House, a neighborhood store just down the road from their house.
How he longed for her to have it! An idea finally came to him just before he went to bed. After a quick breakfast the following morning, he tied a bag to the handlebars of his bike and headed toward a village hill.
After a long journey, he reached his destination, the mango forest. There were already two other boys there. Tony grabbed his bag and set to work immediately.
The sun was high overhead. The weather was hot and nearly all of the taller trees held ripe mangoes but they were well beyond reach. Tony struggled to climb the trees to pick mangoes, though he fell off many times.
His efforts were sometimes rewarded when a mango dropped into the bag. After a while his neck ached from looking upward, and his arms grew sore. He kept at it, though, and by late afternoon his bag was nearly full.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
2. 续写部分分两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath. only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door.
Paragraph 2：
The following morning, Alice walked into the（kitchen）and took a seat at the breakfast table.
【答案】Paragraph 1：
Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath, only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door. Seeing Tony, he told him to come the next day. But Tony didn't give up and explained all to the owner. Hearing Tony's explanation, the owner opened the bag to check the mangoes. To Tony's disappointment, they were not enough to exchange a lovely doll. He was walking out with tears rolling down his face when the owner stopped him and finally agreed because of his love for his sister. After giving many thanks, Tony got his sister a dream present.
Paragraph 2：
The following morning, Alice walked into the kitchen and took a seat at the breakfast table. She noticed a beautiful box on the table. Curious, she opened the box carefully. To her great surprise, she found the doll she had been dreaming of for a long time. When Tony said happy birthday to her, Alice couldn't help crying and hugged him tightly. Touched by the warm atmosphere, their parents smiled with pleasure, knowing their son had grown up and was reliable enough to take care of his sister.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读可知，文章主要讲述了为了给妹妹过一个不同以往的生日，Tony用辛苦摘来的芒果给妹妹换生日礼物的故事。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"Tony上气不接下气地跑回蜂蜜屋，却发现店主正要关门。"可知，第一段描写Tony说服店主并成功给妹妹买到心仪已久的生日礼物；②由第二段首句内容"第二天早上，爱丽丝走进(厨房)，在早餐桌旁坐下"可知，第二段可描写妹妹看到Tony为自己准备的生日礼物时的表现。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型是文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Seeing Tony, he told him to come the next day、Hearing Tony's explanation, the owner opened the bag to check the mangoes和Touched by the warm atmosphere, their parents smiled with pleasure, knowing their son had grown up and was reliable enough to take care of his sister都运用了非谓语动词作状语的语法结构；Curious, she opened the box carefully运用了形容词作状语的结构；To her great surprise, she found the doll she had been dreaming of for a long time运用了定语从句。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1
