人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit1 Cultural Heritage 限制性定语从句课件 (共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
Unit1 Cultural Heritage
Discovering Useful Structures
限制性定语从句
学习目标
1.通过观察补全课文的句子，总结归纳定语从句的先行词和关系词的关系。
2.通过复习定语从句的定义、结构，可以正确找出先行词，选择正确的关系词。
3.通过学习限制性定语从句，可以正确完成练习，进行口头或书面表达。
仔细观察，发现规律
There comes a time the old must give way to the new.
Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.
After listening to the scientists had studied the problem, and citizens lived near the dam, ..
Temples…. and then moved and put back together again in a place they were safe from the water.
Not only had the countries found a path to the future did not run over the relics of the past ...
…. by UNESCO, which runs a programme prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.
补全课文中的定语从句
目标1：发现定语从句的规律，总结归纳先行词和关系词的关系
when
that
who
who
where
that
that
思考和讨论
所填空中的关系词都是什么词性？
代词（that,who....）和副词(when时间,where地点...)
每个句子中的先行词分别是什么 先行词的词性分别是？
time，cultural relics..... 先行词都是名词
小组讨论：
时间：3min
方式：观察课文中的句子，总结规律
评价与检测：举手抢答，声音洪亮，答案正确加分
Activity1:
思考和讨论
你发现先行词和关系词有什么关系？你发现了什么规律
先行词 关系词 先行词 关系词
time（时间） when place（地点） where
cultural relics that future that
scientists（人） who programme that
citizens（人） who
复习回顾Review
定语(attributive):在句子中修饰名词、代词的成分
定语从句(attributive clause): 在句中做定语的从句
结构:先行词+引导词(关系词)+从句句子
先行词:位于从句前，被从句修饰的词。 eg. the cake that I made.
引导词:引导从句的词，也叫关系词。 eg. the art class that I took.
Exercise:I loved the lessons that she gave in english literature.
目标2：复习回顾，加深理解和记忆
从句
限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句(RestrictiveRelative Clauses)：根据定语从句与先行词的关系紧密程度的不同， 可将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。其中，限制性定语从句在意义上往往是先行词不可或缺的定语， 这种定语从句前面一般不用逗号。
先行词(the antecedent):被定语从句修饰的成分，可以是一个名词、代词、短语或整个句子。
1.从句位置及语序： 先行词之后（陈述句式）
2.翻译方法： ......的
3.构成： 关系代词/关系副词
构成
限制性定语从句
关系词(therelative pronouns and adverbs)及其作用：
1)引导定语从句的词， 分为关系代词和关系副词两种。
2)关系词在从句中充当某个句子成分(主语、 宾语、 表语、 定语、 状语等)。
3)常用的关系代词：that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as
常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语)：when（时间）、 where（地点）、why（原因）
关系代词的实质
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly.
A plane is a machine that/which can fly.
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
The lady who/that we saw her yerterday is Green.
主句
主句
关系代词代替名词，代词
I still remember the day when I came here.
on the day =when
This is the house where I lived last year.
in the house= where
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
for the reasons =why
关系副词的实质
关系副词实际上是介词+先行词
关系词
随堂练习Part1
回答问题：
时间：2min
方式：结合所学习定语从句的结构及关系词的用法，说出正确的关系词
评价与检测：自由抢答，声音洪亮，答案正确加分
Activity2:
随堂训练 Part1
目标2：找到先行词，选出正确关系词
1.The man stands there is Tom.
2.The girl I met is Ms Li.
3.The boy watch was lost is Tom.
4.The book lies on the desk is his.
5.The pen you bought is good.
6.The magazine cover is red is nice.
who/that
whom/who/that
whose
which/that
which/that
whose
思考问题：
1.当先行词既有人又有物时， 应该用哪个关系词引导定语从句？
当先行词既有人又有物时，应该用关系代词that引导定语从句。
2.当先行词是much或all等不定代词时， 应该用哪个关系词引导定语从句？
当先行词是much或all等不定代词时， 应该用关系代词that引导定语从句。
小组讨论：
时间：5min
方式：结合本节课所学句子，归纳总结规律，回答问题
评价与检测：举手抢答，声音洪亮，答案正确加分
Activity3:
3.当先行词是人称代词或one(s)、 those、 people、 anyone等时， 应该用哪个关系词引导定语从句？
当先行词是人称代词或one(s)、 those、 people、 anyone等时， 应该用关系代词who引导定语从句。
4.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词在句中的位置如何？
介词可放在关系代词which、whom之前，也可放在定语从句中原来的位置上。但含有介词的固定的短语动词一般不可拆开介词， 此时介词仍然放在动词之后， 不可提到关系代词之前。
思考问题：
1在much或all 后用that，不用which，作定语从句的宾语时可以省略。例如:
There was not much (that) we could do when it was raining. That is all that works.
2关系代词作动词的间接宾语时，用to或for。例如:
√ Who is the girl that he gave the flower to
x Who is the girl that he gave the flower
无关系代词时，也要用to 或for。例如:
The lady I wrote the poem for was my sister.
关系代词特殊用法
3正式英语中，介词可置于从句之首，whom 或 which 之前。例如:
This is the great writer to whom our teacher was referring. He asked a question to which there was no answer.
注意，介词不可置于who 或 that 之前。
4 定语从句的谓语如果是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。例如:
He received the email he was looking forward to.
关系代词特殊用法
that 和 which
以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。
1.先行词为不定代词everything, something, nothing, anything或由few, little, much, all, only, the very等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。
如:
They go to the newspaper’s own library to look up any information that they need.
他们到报社的图书馆去查找他们所需要的资料。
This is the very book that I have been looking for.这正是我在寻找的书。
关系代词特殊用法
2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。
如:
The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
Newton was one of the greatest men that ever lived.
牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。:
关系代词特殊用法
3.先行词同时指人和物时，用that。
如: We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.
我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
瞧瞧那个沿街走过来的男人和他的驴子
关系代词特殊用法
4.当先行词前面有who. which等疑问代词时用that。
如:
Which is the dictionary that you want
哪本是你要的字典
Who is the man that is standing by the door
站在门旁边的那个男人是谁
关系代词特殊用法
随堂练习Part2
小组合作：
时间：5min
方式：结合所学习定语从句的结构及关系词的用法，完成课本中活动2的句子重组。
评价与检测：小组抢答，声音洪亮，答案合理，关系词运用正确得分
Activity4:
参考例句
1 The photo (which/that) he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.
2 The project team whose members were from fifteen countries helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania.
3 The time when this temple was first built was during the Qin Dynasty.
4 The professional archaeologist (who/ whom) we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
5 The place where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas yesterday is under the desk.
6 The reason why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they wanted to preserve it for the next generation.
参考例句
Summary
定语从句：在句中做定语的从句 结构:先行词+引导词(关系词)+从句句子
限制性定语从句：先行词不可或缺的定语， 这种定语从句前面一般不用逗号
先行词：被从句修饰的词，位于从句前
关系词分类以及用法：
Thank You!