新概念英语第二册 Lesson 49 The end of a dream 课堂笔记 学案

Lesson 49
The end of a dream
美梦告终
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How did the dream end
Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.
德黑兰的一个年轻人由于对睡地板感到厌倦，于是积蓄多年买了一张真正的床。
For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.
他平生第一次自豪地拥有了一张既有弹簧又带床垫的床。
Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house.
由于天气很热，他便把床搬到了他的屋顶上。
He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up.
头两天晚上，他睡得非常好。但第三天晚上起了风暴。
A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.
一阵大风把床从屋顶上刮了下来，把它摔碎在下面的院子里。
The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground.
那年轻人直到床撞到地上才醒了过来。
Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt.
尽管床摔成了碎片，但年轻人却奇迹地没有受伤。
When he woke up, he was still on the mattress.
他醒来时，仍然躺在床垫上。
Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him,
年轻人看了一眼周围的碎木片和碎金属片，
the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.
伤心地捡起了床垫，把它拿进了屋。
After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.
他把床垫往地板上一放，很快又睡着了。
单词
tired adj.厌烦的
tire v.使疲劳,疲倦
sth. tires sb.某事令某人累
The long class tires me.
这么长的课使我很累。
Working all day tires him.
工作一整天使他很累。
Talking to you tired me.
跟你说话可真累啊。
tire of sth. 对某事感到疲倦
tire of doing sth.
tired adj. 厌烦的/疲倦的
I'm extremely tired.
我极度的疲倦
I'm dead tired
我累死了
be tired of sb.对…感到厌倦
be tired of sth./be tried of doing sth.
The young man was tired of sleeping on the floor.
这个年轻人厌倦的睡在地板上了。
I'm tired of staying at home and doing nothing.
我厌倦呆在家里面无所事事。
be tired from+n./doing因…而感到累的
I'm very tired from running as fast as I can.
尽力快跑令我很累。
be tired out 筋疲力尽 be exhausted
After the long walk, I was tried out.
走了那么久的路之后我筋疲力尽了。
tiring adj. 令人疲倦的 /tired 感到疲倦的 /tireless 不易疲倦的,精力充沛的 Thanks to your tireless efforts
多亏你的不懈努力
tiresome adj. 令人厌烦的,讨厌的,烦人的. troublesome, annoying
Selling your house can be a tiresome business.
卖房子是一件很令人麻烦的事。
She is such a tiresome girl.
她是一个如此讨厌的女孩。
real
1)adj．真正的，衷心的，诚实的
Tell me the real reason．
告诉我真正的原因。
Is this real gold
这是真金么？
2)adj．现实的，实际的，实质的 反义词ideal，imaginary想象的，空想的
A real experience 一次亲身的经历
The real world 现实的世界
Real wage 实际的工资
really adv.实质上,实际上,真正的,的确,确定.
realism n.现实主义
reality n.现实,真实
realist n.现实主义的作家,画家,现实主义者
realistic adj.现实主义的
realize v.认识到,意识到;实现
realization n.希望,计划等的实现
own
l) v.拥有 (have, possess)
Who owns this land
谁拥有这块地？
belong to某物属于某人（无被动，无进行时）
2) v，承认，供认
She owned her weakness。
她承认自己的缺点。
He owned to having told a lie．
他承认说了谎。
I own myself to be a loser．
我承认自己是个失败者。
3)adj， 自己的，自己的东西
my own idea 我自己的想法。
with my own eyes 亲眼
Do so for your own sake．
为了你自己就这样做吧。
This bicycle is my own．
这两自行车是我自己的。
on one's own独自地(alone)
He spent the valentines' day on his own. /alone
他独自过的情人节。
He runs a factory on his own．
他独自经营一家工厂。
spring
l)n．春天，春季
If winter comes, can spring be far behind
如果冬大來了，春天还会远么？
spring chicken 年轻人
She is no spring chicken, is she
她不是年轻人了，不是么？
2)n．泉，泉水
a hot spring 溫泉
a mineral spring 矿泉
3)n．弹簧，发条
a watch spring 表的发条
spring mattress 弹簧床垫
springy adj．有弹性的，有弹力的
a spring bed 有弹力的一张床
gust
1)n．突然一阵狂风
The wind blew in gusts．
刮起阵阵狂风。
A gust of wind blew my hat off．
一阵风把帽子刮掉了。
2)n．感情的进发
a gust of temper 大发脾气
sweep
l) v.扫,刮 (swept, swept)
sweep the floor
sweep the yard
sweep the carpet
Don't forget to sweep the kitchen clean.
别忘了把厨房扫了。
It's tiring to sweep all the rooms by myself.
我一个人扫了所有的房间真的很累。
clean清洁
sweep清洗
mop拖，擦
wipe擦拭
scrub擦洗
wash 洗
polish擦亮
2)v．（借推力，流动力等强劲而不停地）带走或移走（某人或某物）
She was swept along by the crowd.
她被人群推着向前走。
Many bridges were swept away by the floods.
很多桥被洪水冲走了。
The tornado swept through the village.
龙卷风扫过这个村庄。
Some awful news has swept the country.
一些可怕的消息很快就传遍了全国。
A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof.
一阵风把床从床顶上掀了下来。
sweeper n． 打扫者，清洁工
courtyard n．院子，庭院，天井yard，court
court法院，法庭；宮廷，朝廷；球场
tennis court网球场
smash
1)v．（使某物）粉碎，破碎
smash a window 把窗玻璃弄碎了
smash all the furniture 砸碎家具
The bed was smashed to pieces．
这张床被摔摔的粉碎
She smashed (up) her new car in the fog.
她在大雾里中把新车给撞毁了。
We are determined to smash terrorism.
我们决定粉碎恐怖主义.
2)V．打破 smash a record 破记录
3) v．殴打
He wanted to smash the rude man with his fist.
他起初想用拳头打这个粗鲁的人。
smash：hit （演出等的）大成功/卖座（口）
miraculously adv．奇迹般地
miracle n．奇迹，惊人或以外的奇事
The doctor said that her recovery was a miracle.
医生说她的康复是个奇迹。
It's a miracle that you weren't killed in that car crash.
在车祸中你没有丧生真是个奇迹。
It will be a miracle if he can give up smoking.
如果他能戒烟真是个奇迹。
Pigs might fly. It was a miracle that the girl survived the plane crash.
这个女孩在空难中幸存下来真是个奇迹。
miraculous adj． 奇迹般的
make a miraculous recovery 奇迹般地康复
hurt
1)v (hurt, hurt)使（肉体或精神情感上）受伤，伤害
He felt hurt at your words．
你的话令他受伤害了。
He jumped from the top of the wall and hurt his leg.
2)n．伤
slight hurt 轻伤
serious hurt重伤
Did you suffer any hurt in the accident
在这次事故中你受伤了么？
This failure was a great hurt to me.
这次失败对我来说很人的打击。
I mean no hurt to her feelings.
我没打算伤伤害她的感情。
injure v．伤害（比hurt正式，指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的损失）
Drinking and smoking can injure one's health.
喝酒和吸烟有害人的健康。
harm v．伤害（用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可以用于抽象事物，尤指不道德的事物）
Don't harm your eyes. by reading in bed.
别躺床上看书有害眼睛。
We won't do anything that will harm the ca:ause of peace.
我们不会做任何有损于和平的事。
damage v．损害（强调对于物的损害，强调对于价值，用途，外观等造成的损失）
He damaged my car with a stone．
他用石头砸坏我的车。
Our Clavichord was damaged by a visitor.
我们的古钢琴被顾客损坏了。
wound v. ．伤(强调枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤；特指告战场上受伤）
That soldier was badly wounded in the war.
那个士兵在战场上受伤很严重。
glance
l)v．一瞥，看一眼
glance at
glance through
glance over
glance round
The old man glanced at the boy.
这个老男人瞥了一眼这个小孩。
He glanced through the newspaper/He glanced over the newspaper．
他扫了一眼报纸
The teacher glanced round the classroom
老师扫了一眼教室
2)n，瞥见
take a glance at the TV programs
give a glance at the TV programs 瞧一下电视节目
promptly adv.
Prompt adj．即时的，迅速的，准时的
a prompt reply 迅速地回答
make prompt payment 即时付款
He is prompt in paying his debts.
他还钱很快
He was prompt to act．
他迅速行动
语法 Grammar in use
复合句的语序 (Word order in complex statements)
复合句的构成方法可以是把简单句连接在一起。但与并列句不同，它的各个组成部分并非同等重要，其中总有一个独立分句（或称“主句”）和一个或一个以上从属分句（或称“从句”），主句往往可以独立存在。复合句可用两种方法构成。一是用连词把从句与主句连接起来；二是用分词结构或不定式，它们构成复合句的一部分，因为它们可以用从句的形式表现出来。
（1）用连词连接的复合句
A 在复合句中，从句可以是名词从句（即起名词的作用）。在句子中，它可以作主语、宾语或be等系动词的表语，一般由that引导，有时也用what（疑问词引导的除外）：
I know(that)the meeting will be put off.
我知道会议将要推迟。（宾语）
That the meeting will be put off is now certain.
会议将被推迟现已确定无疑。（主语，that不可省略）
B 也可以是关系（或形容词）从句，关系代词通常有who, whom, that, which和whose。（cf．第28课语法）
C 也可以是状语（或副词）从句。时间状语从句一般回答When？形式的问题，并可以用下列从属连词来引导：when, after, before, as soon as, until, while, as, since等：
He has been ill since he came back from his holidays.
他自从休假回来就一直病着。
地点状语从句回答Where？形式的问题，可以由where, everywhere, anywhere等连词来引导：
With a special train ticket, you can travel anywhere/ everywhere you like in Europe for just over ￡ 100.
你如持有专票，仅花一百多一点英镑，就可以到欧洲各地旅行。
方式状语从句回答How？形式的问题，可以由连词as或短语in the way(that)等引导。方式状语从句一般置于主句之后：
Type this again as／in the way(that) I showed you just now.
按我刚才告诉你的那样把这再打一遍。
方式状语从句在动词be, feel, seem, appear等后面也可以由连词as if和as though来引导：
It feels as if/ though it's going to rain.
这天气给人的感觉好像是就要下雨了。
原因状语从句一般回答Why？形式的问题，可以由because, as 等引导：
He went to bed earlier than usual because he was tired.
他因为累了，所以睡觉比平时早。
As you can't go yourself, you'll have to ask Susan go to for you.
既然你自己不能去，那你就请苏珊替你去吧。
条件状语从句可由if及其他连词引导。（cf．第16课与第40课语法）让步状语从句使句子具有对比的因素，它们一般由连词although, though, even though, even if等引导：
He failed the exam, even though he studied hard.
虽然他学习很努力，他考试还是没及格。
Although he studied hard, he failed the exam.
（译文同上）
目的状语从句可由so that, in order that等连词引导：
I arrived early so that/ in order that I could get the tickets.
我到得很早，以便能买到票。
结果状语从句描述结果，可由so+形容词+that引导，也可由such(a)+（形容词）+名词+that来引导：
She was so angry that she left immediately.
她非常生气，立刻就走了。
There was such a lot of rain that we couldn't go out.
下这么大的雨，我们都出不了门了。
比较状语从句结构包括as+形容词／副词+as, not so／as…as，形容词／副词的比较级+than, more…than, less…than 等：
He is as quick in answering as his sister(is).
他回答得和他妹妹／姐姐一样快。
He is not so/ as quick in answering as his sister(is).
他回答得不如他妹妹／姐姐那样快。
He moves more slowly than his sister(does).
他行动起来比他妹妹／姐姐慢。
（2）分词结构的复合句
A 用现在分词结构可以代替时间从句、原因从句、关系从句等：
I got very angry speaking to them.
和他们谈话时我变得非常生气。（时间）
Feeling tired, I went to bed earlier than usual.
我觉得很累，所以睡得比平时早。（原因）
The train arriving at 8 o'clock is from London.
8点钟到的这趟列车是从伦敦来的。（代替关系从句）
现在分词结构的这种用法仅限于两个动作的主语一致的时候。用它代替时间从句时，分词结构表示的动作如果发生在前，则分词结构要位于主语前；如果两个动作同时发生，那么分词结构既可以位于主句前，也可以位于主句后：
Finding the door unlocked, he went into the room.
他发现门没上锁，就走进房间。（有前后）
Working with them, I got very angry.
同他们一起工作时我很生气。（同时）
分词结构位于主句前面时，要用逗号隔开。
B 过去分词结构常用于比较正式的文体，往往代替被动语态：
Damaged in an accident, the car has now been repaired.
在一次事故中被撞坏后，那辆车现已修好。
（3）不定式结构的复合句
这种结构通常可以代替表示目的或表示条件的状语从句：
To get into university you have to pass a number of examinations.
要进入大学你必须通过一系列考试。
I borrowed some money to get a new car.
为了买辆新车，我借了些钱。