新概念英语第二册Lesson 55 Not a gold mine 学习笔记

新概念英语第二册lesson 55 学习笔记
Not a gold mine
并非金矿
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What did the team find
Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.
最近，找到失踪宝藏的梦想差一点儿变成现实。
A new machine called 'The Revealer' has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground.
一种叫“探宝器”的新机器已经发明出来，并被人们用来探测地下埋藏的金子。
The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where -- it is said -- pirates used to hide gold.
在靠近海边的一个据说过去海盗常在里面藏金子的岩洞里，这种机器被派上了用场。
The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.
海盗们过去常把金子埋藏在那个洞里，可后来却没能取走。
Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure.
一支用这种新机器装备起来的探宝队进入了这个岩洞，希望找到埋藏着的金子。
The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground.
当这个队的队长正在检查洞口附近的土壤时，那台机器显示出它的下面埋有金子。
Very excited, the party dug a hole two feet deep.
队员们异常激动，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑，
They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless.
但最后找到的是一枚几乎一钱不值的小金币。
The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk.
队员们接着又把整个洞彻底搜寻了一遍，但除了一只空铁皮箱外什么也没找到。
In spite of this, many people are confident that'The Revealer'may reveal something of value fairly soon.
尽管如此，很多人仍然相信“探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来。
单词
1 gold [g uld]n.金子
2 mine[main] n.矿
3 treasure['tre ]n.财宝
4 revealer[ri'vi:l ] n.探测器
5 invent[in'vent] v.发明
6 detect[di'tekt] v.探测
7 bury['beri] v.埋藏
8 cave[keiv] n.山洞
9 seashore['si: :] n.海岸
10 pirate['pai r t] n.海盗
11arm [ɑ:m]v.武装
12 soil [s il]n.泥土
13 entrance['entr ns] n.入口
14 finally ['fain li] ad.最后
15 worthless ['w :θl s] a.毫无价值的
16 thoroughly ['θ r li] ad.彻底地
17 trunk [tr k]n.行李箱
18 confident ['k nfid nt]a.有信心的
19 value['v lju:] n.价值
单词讲解
★gold n. 金子
1.sth. be made of gold ……由金子做成的
gold watch；gold ring；
golden adj. 金色的, 宝贵的
golden sun 金色的太阳
golden fish 金鱼
2.golden opportunity 宝贵的机会 (opportunity n. 机会, 时机)
eg. I am glad to have the golden opportunity to study with you.
Silence is golden. 沉默是金
★treasure n. 财宝 (为总称, 没有复数)
treasure island 《金银岛》
jewel /d u: l/ n. 宝石 珠宝, (可数)
jewelry n. 珠宝, 珠宝类 珠宝(总称, 不可数)
I have some jewels. = I have some jewelry.
diamond /dai m nd/ n. 钻石(可数）
★revealer n. 探测器
reveal v. 揭示
The doctor did not reveal the truth to him.
★invent v. 发明
invention n. 发明
inventor n. 发明家
Bell invented the telephone . 贝尔发明了电话。
在发明物前须家定冠词the
invent a new teaching method 发明一种新的教学方法
★pirate n. 海盗，盗印者, 盗版者
1.a pirate ship/ flag 海盗船/ 旗帜
2. vt. 盗印, 盗版, 掠夺, 翻印
a pirate video / tape 盗版 视频 /磁
★arm v. 武装
① n. 手臂；武器
hold one's arm搀着某人的胳膊
② v. 武装
be armed with … 用……来武装
The youth should be armed with knowledge.
★soil n. 泥土
soil n. 土壤 (能生长植物的地方)
earth n. 地球，大地（相对于天空而言）
ground. 地面
land 陆地（与江河湖海相对）
field 田地，田野
★entrance n. 入口
（1）.入口（反义词 exit ）
entrance of/to… ……的入口
entrance of the park = entrance to the park 公园的入口
eg：Where is the entrance to the park , please ？请问公园的入口在哪里
（2） 入学
entrance into college ＝ entrance to college 进入大学
entrance examination 入学考试
★value
1. n. 价值、效用
eg：We must realize the value of humor .
2.价格、价钱
market value 市场价格
the value of land 土地的价格
3.valuable adj. 有价值的
something is valuable ＝ something is of value某事具有价值
something is of great value . 某事具有极大的价值
4.valueless adj. 无价值的、无效果的 ＝（worthless） invaluable 极其价值的 ；
priceless [ praisl s] 极其贵重的
★thoroughly adv. 彻底地
completely/thoroughly/totally
thorough adj. 彻底的; 完全的; 细致的; 深入的
They searched the whole cave thoroughly.
他们把整个洞彻底地搜寻了一遍。
课文讲解
★Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.
dream n. 梦；v. 做梦
① n. 梦想
dreams come true 梦想成真
dreams ended 梦想破灭了, 梦断了
②做梦
dream of doing sth
Dream of flying in the sky comes true.
come true 变成现实，（预言、期望等）成为事实，（愿意）实现
His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
★A new machine called‘The Revealer’has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground.
n. +called 被称之为……的……
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
used to do 过去常常做某事
be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
in the ground (更习惯于用“under the ground” )
★The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where----it is said----pirates used to hide gold.
it is said 是插入语，当“据说”讲。
where = in which翻译时译为“在那儿”，修饰cave；是一个地点状语从句
This is the river where I swim.
★The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.
1.would表示过去的习惯性动作, 它后面跟动词原形（bury和fail）。
2.fail to do sth. 未能、不能、忘记做某事项（fail 后面接动词不定式表示否定）
He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
3.collect的含义之一为“（去）取，接”
Don’t fail to collect me before you go to the party.
★Very excited, the party dug a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless.
★The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk.
1.but 与 although/though,不连用；so 与because 也不连用
2.eccept 与 besides, except for
eg. All of us will go except Tom.
eg. All of us will go besides Tom.
eg. The composition is good except for some gramma mistakes.
except表示“除了…没有”，强调所排除的“不包括在内”
besides表示“除了…还有”，强调所排除的“包括在内”
except for表示“除…之外 ”后接的词同句子中的整体词不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面。
★In spite of this, many people are confident that,The Revealer’may reveal something of value fairly soon.
in spite of / though / even if 尽管
something of value= something valuable有价值的东西
of表示其所修饰的名词具有某种性质、状况。
of value＝valuable 有价值的
形容词要放在不定代词的后边
something important =something of importance
语法讲解
1. used to 和would 都可用来描述在过去某一段时间内的习惯动作或经常做的事，一般来说，我们用used to 来开始一段故事；used to 可用来表示现在与过去的对比，而 would 不能。 eg：I used to go work by bus . Now I go by car .
eg：I have given up smoking . I used to smoke very heavily .
2.used to 可用来表示过去的状态和情况；would 只表示过去重复的动作，不能表示状况和情况：
eg：This sort of novel used to be very popular . 这类小说曾经是很受欢迎
3.would 可用于表是过去很不规则的的习惯，所以常和 often , always , frequently , sometimes 等时间
二. 分词用法（现在分词 doing / 过去分词 v. +ed）
1. 分词性质 ： 句有形容词或副词性质 ， 可以在句中担任表语 ，定语 、宾补或状语 。其中 ，现在分词表主动的含义，或动作正在进行；过去分词表示被动含意，或动作已完成。
2.分词的用法：做表语、定语宾补或状语。
1）做定语：
a sleeping baby＝ a baby who is sleeping
a running dog＝ a dog which is running
a broken glass ＝ a glass which is broken
a beaten team ＝ a team which is beaten 动词beat的过去分词
eg：This is the problem discussed at the last meeting . ＝ This is the problem which was discussed at the last meeting .
eg：The problem being discussed is very important . ＝ the problem which is being discussed is very important .
注意 ：a.单个分词作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前。分词短语做定语，放在所修饰的名词之后。
b. 分词作定语的句子能改写为定语从句。
c. 区别现在分词作定语和动名词作定语。
a sleeping car 卧铺车箱；
a sleeping baby 正在睡觉的婴儿
a reading room ；a reading girl
a swimming pool ；a swimming player 动名词作定语 ：某种功能
现在分词作定语 ：动作正在进行着
2）做表语
eg：The news sounds exciting . eg：They got very excited.
eg：His father seems pleased with his score . eg：My watch is gone . 我的表不见了。eg：The book is interesting .
3）做宾语
eg：When I woke up , I found my mother sitting beside me.
eg：I hear a bell ringing somewhere . ＊ ringing 铃声
eg：I found the snake eating the eggs.
eg：I found the snake（to）eat the eggs. 用不定式表动作已发生完了。
eg：I found the eggs eaten by the snake . 我发现鸡蛋被蛇吃了。
eg：He heard someone calling him.
eg：He heard his name called .
eg：I can t make myself understood because of my poor English .
eg：I didn t make myself heard because a lot of people cried in the hall
注意：
a. 后接宾语再接分词作宾补的常用动词 ：
感官动词 ：hear , see , notice , watch , feel , find …….. 使役性动词 ：make , let , have , get ……..
b. 动词不定式做宾补 → 动作全过程 现在分词作宾补 → 动作正在进行 过去分词做宾补 → 被动概念
4）作状语 （现在分词表主动，进行；过去分词表被动 ，完成）
eg：If you turn to the left , you ll find the station .
→ Turning to the left , you ll find the station .
eg：As I didn t receive her letter , I called her up by telephone .
→ Not receiving her letter , I called her up by telephone .
eg：While I was walking to school , I met a friend .
→ Walking to school , I met a friend .
eg：When she was asked if she had any bad habit , she answered that she was a heavy smoker .
→ Asked if she had any bad habit , she answered that she was a heavy smoker .