2023年中考英语短文填空课件(共29张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
---短文填空（词性填词规律）
Miss Ren
2023中考英语专题复习
短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型，其特点是
在一篇短文中留出 8 个空(首句不设空)，要求考生根据短文的
内容以及上下文的意思，在空白处填入意思、语法都正确的单
词，一空只能填一个词(有些空的答案可能不是唯一的)。短文
的题材很广泛，可以是故事、文化习俗、科普小品、体育等，
考试一般会选取考生比较熟悉的材料。
短文填空所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。它不仅考查考生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，还考查理解、推导、分析等综合能力。从表面上看是考查考生对单词的辨认能力，而实质上既考查了考生掌握单词的数量及准确性，又考查了他们对句子上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力，由此考查学生的知识记忆与再现能力。
考情总结
1.素材特点
①文体：
B卷：说明文(9年7考)、记叙文(2017)、议论文(2015)；
②话题：
B卷：做法建议为主(5次)，此外还涉及观点看法、教育引导和百科知识。
③词数及生词量：
B卷：词数219～278，平均252词；生词0～4个，均给出释义。
④难度：文章整体难度适中，词汇难度不大，偶尔会出现长难句，涉及0～3个熟词生义，但不影响理解文意
B卷：
①动词：近9年中，2016年考查1道，2021考查3道，其余年份均考查2道。主要考查：动词原形(11次)、变单三(1次)、变过去式(1次)、过去分词(1次，现在完成时)、现在分词(1次，过去进行时)、动名词(2次)；
②名词：近9年中，除2016年考查2道外，其余年份均连续考查1道。主要考查：可数名词原形(6次)、变名词复数(2次)、不可数名词(2次)；
③形容词：2017年和2021年未考查，2019年考查2道，其余年份均考查1道主要考查：形容词原形(8次)；
④副词：除2014年和2019年未考查外，其余年份均考查1道。主要考查：副词原形(6次)，副词比较级(1次)
⑤介词：近9年中，每年连续考查1道。主要考查：介词的固定搭配(6次)，介词的基本用法(3次)。除with重复考查1次外，其余考词均不重复；
⑥连词：除2018年和2019年未考查外，其余年份均考查1～2道，且当考查2道时，考查连词种类不同。主要考查：从属连词(5次)，并列连词(3次)，连词短语(1次)；
⑦代词：；近9年中除2017年考查2道外，其余年份均连续考查1道。主要考查：人称代词(2次)、普通不定代词(5次)、复合不定代词(2次)、指示代词(1次)
⑧宾语从句引导词：除2018年和2019年考查1道外，其余年份均未考查。
B卷 年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 名词 单数 / / 76. mind(词汇复现) 77. sentence(语境推断) 82. night(语境推断＋固定搭配，at night)
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 名词 不可数 76. middle(语境推断) 74. advice(语境推断＋语法知识) / / /
设题分析表
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 动词 原形 74. forget (词汇 复现) 79. teach (词汇 复现) 78. Listen (词汇 复现) 79. avoid (语境推 断＋语法 知识) 81. acce-pt (语境推 断＋语法 知识) 74. say (词汇 复现) 81. enjoy (语境 推断) 75. wake
(语境
推断)
80. stop
(语境
推断)
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 动词 动名 词 / 76. asking (词汇复 现＋语法 知识) 80. facing (语境推 断＋语法 知识)
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 代词 不定 代词 77. one (语境推断) / 77. nothing (语境推断) 80. nothing (语境推断) /
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 代词 人称 代词 / 80. you (语境 推断) / / /
指示 代词 / / / / 81. it(语
境推断)
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 介词 固定 搭配 75. at(at least) / 75. from (stop... from) 75. in(in China) /
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 介词 基本 用法 / 81. with / / 78. over
(词汇
复现)
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 连词 从属 连词 / 75. unless/ before (逻辑 推断) 79. when (逻辑 推断) / /
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 连词 并列 连词 81. until (逻辑 推断) / / / /
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 形容词 原形 80. simple (语境 推断) / 74. bad (语境 推断) 8. own (语境推断) 79. sweet (语境推断) 79. long
(语境
推断)
年份 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
考点 副词 原形 78. already (语境 推断) 77. actively (词汇 复现) 78. quickly (词汇 复现) / 76. also
(语境
推断)
Discuss with your group members to find out the regulations规则.
名词:(n.)
动词:(v.)
介词:(prep.)
代词:(pronoun.)
形容词/副词:(adj. adv.)
从句连接词: (conj.)
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6
competition
名词:
1. He often helped me and we became good friends.
2. As time goes by.
3. A 15-year-old boy said his parents/ family didn’t smoke.
4. Living in such a good family helped Li say no to cigarettes.
5. As for health, You need eat less and exercise more.
6. What do you do when your fans run up to you
★名词(n.)填词规律：①动词前后作主语,宾语;
②介词后作宾语 ③ 形容词修饰名词 ④物主代词后用名词
★注意事项:单、复数;可数与不可数， 名词所有格
动词
1. A boy stood up and stopped the fight.
2. And it seems that people around me have changed
3. He decided to give up smoking.
4. Shops sell cigarettes to them.
5. Be sure to fill the lined space completely.
★动词填词规律：①S+V+O 中间谓语一定为动词; ②固定动词短语③非谓语动词结构
④★注意事项:动词的形式 do/ does/doing/ did/done/ ,语态与时态
介词:
1.My classmates didn’t want to talk with/ to me.
2. He started smoking at the age of 14.
3. It’s very important for parents to help their children stop smoking.
4. Using paper with lines can keep you writing straight instead of up or down
5. People will guess you are a student with a good habit.
★介词填词规律：①S+V+O_____+n 中间基本为填写介词
②固定介词短语
★注意事项:介词就那么20多个常填的只要确定就从中搜寻
形容词/副词
1. I was the most unlucky person in the world.
2. He is seriously ill/sick.
3. Teenagers can get cigarettes easily
4. Smoking made boys look cool/good/excited ,
5. You write too fast/ quickly ,
6.Writing is much easier
★adj./adv.填词规律：①形容词修饰名词放其前 ②副词修饰adj./adv./v,副词修饰动词，常放其后③连系动词后跟形容词
★注意事项:原级/ 比较级/最高级; 形/副的选择
代词
1. He would help me to cool down.
2. My parents don’t shout at me any more.
3. Among them/ those , 50 million are teenagers.
4. You can practice by yourself at home.
★代词填词规律：①代词可作主语/宾语/定语; ② 动宾/介宾
★注意事项:单复数, 人称代词主格宾格/ 反身代词/ 指示代词/ 不定代词/物主代词形物代名物代
从句连接词
1. I was so angry that I hit him in the face.
2. Yao Ming was Tang’s favorite star, so/ and his words meant a lot to him.
3. You need to use the skills to control your pencil better when/ while you are drawing pictures.
★连接词填词规律： ①两个完整句子放一块没有句号隔开,
②前句和后句之间有逗号，后句句首填连词
★注意事项:并列连词/定语从句/状语从句/宾语从句等连接引导词
A(动词)
Last summer, 15-year-old Bob 1 a problem. Like a lot of children, Bob 2 interested in doing many things. He 3 dancing most and wanted to join a dancing group. But Bob’s high school 4 have a boys’ dancing group but a girls’ group. He tried to join the girls’ group. But he wasn’t 5 to stay in the girls’ group.
met/
faced
/had
liked/
loved
didn’t
allowed /able
be allowed 被允许
was
HOME
★动词填词规律：①S+V+O 中间谓语一定为动词; ②固定动词短语③非谓语动词结构
④★注意事项:动词的形式 do/ does/doing/ did/done/ 语态与时态
be able to 能够做
B (形容词/副词)
Once there was a little boy. He got angry 1 . His father gave him some nails([neil]钉子) and told him: “When you get 2 , put a nail into the wall.” On the first day, the boy put 37 nails into the wall. The next day, he put in 3 nails. A few days later, he found it much 4 not to get angry. After a month, the boy was happy every day and there wasn’t
so _______ nails as before.
easily
angry
fewer
easier
修饰get angry
修饰系动词get
HOME
many
★adj./adv.填词规律：①形容词于名词前系动词后; ②副词修饰adj./adv./v,副词修饰动词，常放于其后③连系动词后跟形容词
★注意事项:原级/ 比较级/最高级; 形/副的选择
C (名词)
Do you still remember the girl with big eyes
The 1 big eyes are telling us her dream:
I wish to go to school! In China, there are still
lots of girls and 2 like her. They want to go to school, but their 3 are too poor. If the family has two or three 4 , it is harder to pay the money for all of them. So the 5 often ask girls to stay at home, and boys to go to school.
boys
families
parents
girl’s
children /kids
HOME
★名词(n.)填词规律：①动词前后作主语,宾语;
②介词后作宾语 ③ 形容词修饰名词④物主代词后用名词
★注意事项:单、复数; 可数与不可数，名词所有格
D (代词)
People’s inventions are clever, but 1 can be dangerous, too . For example, people invented factories, and now they make river dirty. 2 can make many changes. Dirty rivers kill fish. Then bears cannot eat the fish and the bears die. If 3 kill one part of the food chain, the other parts also die. Remember that we are a part of the food chain, so we are in danger too! If we protect animals, we are protecting 4 ! We should do 5 for the world!
they
This/
That
we
ourselves
something
HOME
★代词填词规律：①代词可作主语/宾语/定语; ② 动宾/介宾
★注意事项:单复数, 人称代词/ 反身代词/ 指示代词/ 不定代词/物主代词
E (介词)
1 school many things happen 2 us. We may feel excited when we have success 3 a school play. We may feel sorry if we lose an important game. We want to keep the memories for the rest 4 our lives. Some of the memories are wonderful 5 the sunshine, but others are not. However, they are both our precious wealth for our future lives.
to
At
of
in
like
HOME
★介词填词规律：①S+V+O_____+n 中间基本为填写介词
②固定介词短语
★注意事项:介词就那么20多个常填的只要确定就从中搜寻
F (从句连词)
Because Americans like to spend more money 1 they have, many of them are always in debt(欠债)． 2 Chinese usually spend less than they have; many of them always have much left in the bank. The American kids themselves make their own money．They get part-time jobs in restaurants, bookstores and so on. But many Chinese parents say 3 it’s not safe for kids to work. Most Chinese kids especially 4 come from rich families always ask their parents for money．Because of that, they can hardly know how hardworking it is to make money. 5 time goes by, they will have less and less ambition for their future.
than
But
that
who/that
As
HOME
★连接词填词规律： ①两个完整句子放一块没有句号隔开,
②前句和后句之间有逗号，后句句首填连词
★注意事项:并列连词/定语从句/状语从句/宾语从句等连接引导词
We live in the "computer age". People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students 1 computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldn't do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew 4 to use them. Today computers are smaller and 5 . Since they are useful, many people like to use them, even at home.
Computers are becoming very important 6 they can work faster than men and make 7 puters can 8 people do a lot of work. Writers use computer to write. 9 use them to help teaching and students use them to study. Computers can also remember what you put 10 them.
Computers are very useful. They are our good friends. Do you want to own a computer
Task I
A (words:162)
We live in the "computer age". People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students 1 computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldn't do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew 4 to use them. Today computers are smaller and 5 . Since they are useful, many people like to use them, even at home.
Computers are becoming very important 6 they can work faster than men and make 7 puters can 8 people do a lot of work. Writers use computer to write. 9 use them to help teaching and students use them to study. Computers can also remember what you put 10 them.
Computers are very useful. They are our good friends. Do you want to own a computer
Task I
动词
名/代
形
疑问
形
连词
形
动
介
名/代
We live in the "computer age". People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students 1 computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldn't do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew 4 to use them. Today computers are smaller and 5 . Since they are useful, many people like to use them, even at home.
Computers are becoming very important 6 they can work faster than men and make 7 puters can 8 people do a lot of work. Writers use computer to write. 9 use them to help teaching and students use them to study. Computers can also remember what you put 10 them.
Computers are very useful. They are our good friends. Do you want to own a computer
use
computers
few
how
cheaper
because
fewer
help
into
Teachers
Summary & homework
English-learning is difficult for the one who thinks it is.
English-learning is easy for the one who thinks it is.
Practice makes perfect. Finish the two tasks on the handout.
Thank you!
Good Bye!