新概念英语第二册Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble课堂笔记 学案

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名称 新概念英语第二册Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble课堂笔记 学案
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更新时间 2023-09-02 13:18:48

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新概念英语第二册Lesson 61课堂笔记
课文内容:
Trouble with the Hubble
哈勃望远镜的困境
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音,然后回答以下问题。
What is the special importance of a telescope in space
The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars.
哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空,耗资10多亿美元。
Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble.
从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题。
The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty!
它传送给我们的图像很令人失望,因为它的主要镜子有误差。
NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it.
国家航天局准备纠正这一错误,为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜。
The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble.
“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃。
A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs.
当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时,“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它。
Of course, the Hubble is above the earth s atmosphere,
当然,哈勃位于地球的大气层之外,
so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen.
因此,它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片。
The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.
哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情。
By the time you read this, the Hubble s eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.
等到你读到这篇文章时,敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片。
讲解:
课文标题:
1. Trouble with the Hubble
哈勃望远镜的困境
名词短语,介词短语with the Hubble作后置定语。
问题:
2.What is the special importance of a telescope in space
太空望远镜的特殊重要性是什么?
本句是特殊疑问句.
主系表结构,主语是the special importance,后置定语a telescope,谓语动词is,状语是in space;表语是what.
3.The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of a billion dollars.
哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空,耗资10多亿美元。
本句是主系表状结构,主语是The Hubble telescope,系动词was,表语是过去分词launched,状语1是into space,状语2是by NASA,状语3是on April 20,1990,状语3是at a cost of a billion dollars.
4.Right form the start there was trouble with Hubble.
从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题。
本句是主系表状结构,there be句型,倒装,主语trouble with Hubble,谓语是was,表语是there,状语是right from the start.
5.The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty!
它传送给我们的图像很令人失望,因为它的主要镜子有误差。
本句是because引导的原因状语从句,及省略that的定语从句。
主句主系表结构,主语the pictures,谓语动词were,表语very disappointing.
定语从句是主谓双宾结构,主语it,谓语sent,间接宾语us,直接宾语that=the pictures.
原因状语从句是主系表结构,主语是its main mirror,谓语是was,表语是faulty.
6.NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it.
国家航天局准备纠正这一错误,为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜。
本句so引导的结果状语从句,主句主谓宾宾补结构,主语NASA,谓语put,其中is now going to是时态助动词,宾语是the telescope,宾补是right.
结果状从,主系表状结构,形式主语it,谓语be,表语sending,真正主语four astronauts,目的状语是to repair it.
7.The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble.
“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃。
这句是主系表状结构,主语The shuttle Endeavour,系动词
是的将来时态will be,现在分词短语taking the astronauts作表语,表主动表进行,状语是to the Hubble.
8.A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs.
当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时,“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它。
本句是and连接的两个并列句。
第一句主谓宾结构,主语A robot-arm,后置定语from the Endeavour,谓语will grab,宾语the telescope.
第二句是while引导的时间状语从句,主句主谓宾结构,主语是省略的 a robot-arm,谓语hold,宾语it,时间状从是主谓宾结构,主语the astronauts,谓语make,宾语the necessary repairs.
9.Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere.
当然,哈勃位于地球的大气层之外。
本句是主系表结构,主语the Hubble,谓语动词is,表语是above the earth's atmosphere.
10.so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen.
因此,它很快就会给我们传送我们缩减到过得、有关星星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片。
本句
句是主系表结构,主语it,谓语是be,状语是现在分词短语sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen.其中us作sending的逻辑间接宾语,the clearest pictures是直接宾语1,of the stars是后置定语.直接宾语2是distant galaxies.后置定语从句,主谓宾结构,主语we,谓语动词 have seen,宾语是关系代词that.
11.The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.
哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情。
本句是主谓双宾结构,主语the Hubble,谓语是will tell,间接宾语us,直接宾语a great deal about the age and size of the universe.
12. By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.
等到你读到这篇文章时,敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片。
本句是主谓双宾结构,主语the Hubble's eagle eye,谓语是will have sent,间接宾语是us,直接宾语是thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures,时间状语从句是by the time引导的,主谓宾结构,主语you,谓语read,宾语this.
语法:
【Letter Writing】书信写作
常见的书信开头:
I have not heard from you for some time, so…
It was very kind of you to…
【Key structures】关键句型 
将来完成时、将来进行时和将来完成进行时
将来完成时的构成:will have done,表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作,必须和某个时间状语连用,强调到将来某一点时间动作的结束。
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
将来进行时的构成:will be doing,表示将来某个时候正在进行的动作或表示计划好的事,陈述将来的事实。
They will be arriving here tomorrow.
将来完成进行时的构成:will have been doing,表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间,从某一点发生, 一直延续到将来的某一点, 并且将可能延续下去,强调到将来某一点时间动作可能结束或延续。
By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years.
By Friday midday, they will have been working on it for seven days.
(work on sth. 关于……的工作)
在时间状语从句中,要用现在完成时代替将来完成时:
By the time I’ve completed this one, I’ll have been writing for six years.
到我写完这本书时,我将已经写了6年书了。
When I’ve built this one, I’ll have built five altogether.
【Special Difficulties】难点
Cost, Price, Value
cost
① n. 价格,价钱,费用(侧重指某项服务、工程等),成本(复数)
at the cost of 以……的费用,造价……
They built the bridge at a cost of over $600,000.
I don’t know the costs of these cars. 我不知道这些车的成本是多少。
② vt. 价钱为……,(使)花费(不用于被动语态)
The new car cost him $5,000.
How much did it cost to launch the Hubble telescope into space
What does this blouse cost, please 请问, 这件衬衣多少钱
price
① n. 价格,价钱(侧重于指某个具体东西或商品的价钱),物价(复数)
How much is that blouse Let's ask the price.
What’s the price of the dress, please
Prices are going up again. 物价又上涨了。
② v. 问……的价钱,查明/查询……的价格;给……定价/标价
They priced cars for two days before they bought one.
The dress is priced at $50, but you can have it at $40.
I want to price the bed linen in a few other shops before I buy any.
我想在买床单之前打听几家商店的价格.
value
① n. 表示抽象的价值或重要性,价值观(复数)
The stolen items were of sentimental, rather than financial value.
被盗物品更具有情感上的涵义, 而不是经济上的价值.
This book is of great value to me.
His values are different from those of mine.
② vt. 尊重,重视
value sth. 认为……有价值
value sth. owned by oneself 敝帚自珍
Value your time. 珍惜时间
If you don’t value my advice, I’ll speak no more.
单词讲解:
1.Telescope
Tele- (1) over a long distance; far 远距离的
电信:指利用电子技术在不同的地点之间传递信息。电信包括不同种类的远距离通讯方式。包括无线电,电报,电视,电话,数据通讯以及计算机网络通讯等。
电信: Telecommunication(Telecom)
中国电信:China Telecom.
中国联通:China Unicom(中国联合通信股份有限公司China United Telecommunications Co. Ltd)
中国移动:China Mobile
QQ: tele-control遥控
Tele-conference 远程会议
(2)connected with television 电视的
拍电视:Telecamera
Telecourse 电视教学
Telecast电视广播
Teleplay 电视剧
(3)done using a telephone通过电话的
Telemarketing 电话销售
Telebanking 电话银行
2.Launch
(1)发射 send on its course
Launch a missile 发射导弹
Launch a satellite 发射卫星
(2) 着手,创办
Launch a new project 着手一个新的计划
Launch a new enterprise 创办一个新的企业
3.Space
(1)太空 Spaceman, spaceship, outer space
I dream of travelling through the space to live on another planet. 我梦想穿越太空去另一个星球生活。
the exploration of outer space探索外太空
(2) 空白,空地(可数名词) a space 一块空地
空间(不可数)
Is there a space for the car 这有空位停车吗?
There isn’t much space left for your luggage. 没有多少空间放你的行李了。
4.NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Aeronautics 航空学,航空输
前缀aero- 空气的,飞行器的
Aeroplane/airplane 飞机
Aerospace 宇宙空间,航空航天空间
5.Billion (Trillion)
Million
Thousand
Hundred
China:1 317 442 552
India:1,049,700,118
America: 290,342,554
The world population(1.4) 70.57亿人=7,057,000,000
做修饰数量词时:Several billion/hundred/thousand+
Hundreds/thousands of
6.Faulty adj.有错误的,有缺陷的,不完善的(imperfect)
Faulty operation/reasoning 错误操作/推理
A faulty design 不完善的设计方案
Fault(可数) n. 缺点,缺陷
I like him despite his faults.尽管他有很多缺点,我还是喜欢他。
n. (不可数)过失,过错(侧重于造成错误的个人责任)
Whose fault is this
Mistake(日常生活中各种情况的)错误 make the same mistakes
Error错误(正式)an error in your report
Defect指更为严重的缺陷 mechanical defect 机械故障
7.Astronaut (会读)
8.Shuttle = a space shuttle 航天飞机
9.Endeavour 努力,尽力((比try更正式,更努力))
(1)n
Please make every endeavour to arrive in time.请尽量准时到达。
(2)v. endeavour to do sth
He endeavoured to win votes for himself.
10.Robot-arm 机器手
11.Grab (1)抓,抢,夺(的动作)
The thief grabbed the bad and ran away with it. 这贼抓住我的包逃走了
(警察来)Don’t grad!
He grabbed my collar and pulled me towards him. 他抓我的领子把我拉到他的面前来。
(2)抓住(机会) grab a chance
12.Atmosphere 大气,大气层(包围地球的气体)
The atmosphere of our planet is heavily/seriously polluted.
气氛
Working atmosphere 工作环境
a friendly/romantic atmosphere友好的气氛
That restaurant had real atmosphere.那家餐馆真的很有气氛
8. distant adj.遥远的
A distant down 遥远的小镇
In the distant past 在往昔
Distant calls长途电话
Distant relationship 异地恋
Distant relatives 远亲
Be distant from 远离
The sun is distant from the earth.
9. galaxy (1)n.星系 the distant galaxy 遥远的星系
The Galaxy/milky way 银河系
(3)一群(杰出的人或者灿烂的事物)
A galaxy of beauties 一群美女
A galaxy of talents 一群才子
A galaxy of film stars一群影星
10. universe
The universe 宇宙,世界,天地万物
God is believed to have made the universe. 人们相信神创造了天地万物
University
11. eagle eye
Eagle老鹰
Eagle-eye
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