新概念英语第二册Lesson 71 A famous clock课堂笔记

新概念英语第二册Lesson 71 课堂笔记
Part 1: Text
When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C. If the Houses of Parliament had hot been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built. It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well. Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day. On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower. Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time. A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down !
Part 2: New words and expressions
1 parliament ['pɑ:l m nt] n.议会，国会
2 erect [i'rekt] v.建起
3 accurate [' kjur t] a.准确的
4 official [ 'fi l] n.官员，行政人员
5 Greenwich ['grinid ] n.格林威治
6 observatory [ b'z :v t ri] n.天文台
7 check [t ek] v.检查
8 microphone['maikr f un] n.扩音器，麦克风
9 tower ['tau ] n.塔
★parliament 国会
the Houses of Parliament
(英国的) 国会大厦
Member of Parliament 国会议员
Parliament today approved the policy, but it has not yet become law.
现在国会通过政策，但是政策还没有变成法律。
★Erect v. 建造，树立，建起put up/set up
此建筑是在1900年到1901年间建造的。
The building was erected in 1900-1901.
示威者在去往国会大楼的路上竖起了路障。
Demonstrators have erected barricades in roads leading to the parliament building.
我们都不知不觉的在彼此之间竖起了隔阂
We all unconsciously erect barriers between each other.
★accurate adj. 精确的，准确的
精确的尺寸 an accurate dimension
警察强调说这就是杀人犯最为精确的描述了。
Police have stressed that this is the most accurate description of the killer
What many people mean by the word `power' could be more accurately described as `control'.
人们所说的“力量”这个词，可以更为准确的被描述为“控制”。
★Official
1）官方的
Official affairs 公务,公事
Official funds 公款
Official documents 官方文件
The official reason given for the President's absence was sickness.
对于总统的缺席，官方给出的原因是生病了。
2）官员
A senior UN official hopes to visit Baghdad this month.
联合国的一个高级官员希望这个月去访问巴格达
★Check 检查，核对
Check the accuracy of everything in your CV
检查你的简历上每处都是准确的。
I think there is an age limit, but I have to check.
我觉得是有年龄限制的，但是我需要查一下
I shall need to check with the duty officer.
我要与执勤管核对一下
Part 3: Notes on the text
★When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C.
London was once famous for its fogs. 伦敦曾以多雾而闻名
Brighton is famous as a bathing place. 布来顿以海水浴场驰名
the B.B.C. =British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司
在电视上看到，在广播里听到都用on。
I saw him on TV last night. 昨天晚上我看到他上电视了。
★If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.
the Houses of Parliament 国会大厦
英国议会是由上议院（House of Lords）和下议院（House of Commons）组成的
burn down （使）烧成平地，烧毁
The hospital was burned down last month. 上个月医院被烧毁了。
★Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built.
1.take one’s name from 以……命名
逸夫楼或逸夫图书馆是以邵逸夫命名的。
Yifu Building or Yifu library takes the name from Shao Yifu.
2. Sir用于英国人的全名（或名字）之前时表示“爵士”（不单独用于姓之前）
如Sir John Gilbert（约翰.吉尔伯特爵士）或Sir John（约翰爵士），但不能称为Sir Gilbert。
★Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built.
1.be responsible for对……需负责任/承担责任的
谁为事故负责？
Who is responsible for the accident 约翰负责建造桥梁。
John is responsible for the building of the bridge.
2. -ing形式前面无冠词时可直接跟宾语：making the clock；
-ing前有冠词时则其后不能直接跟宾语，而必须用of：the making of the clock。
★It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well.
1.be of… 表示人或物的特征
我们一样大。We are of the same age.
这封信极其重要。This letter is of great importance.
2.Immense 巨大的，广大的
仍然有大量工作需要做。
There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
★Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.
Have sth done
我想剪头发。
I want to have my hair cut.
我需要修一下我的电脑
I need to have my computer fixed.
★On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower.
1.Strike v. 敲打，钟打点
钟刚敲三点钟 The clock has just struck three.
他用拳头敲打桌子 He struck his fist on the table.
2.Be connected to 被连接到……
很多条管子被连接到热压罐上。
Many pipes are connected to the autoclave.
Connect sth with sth 相连，有关系
外国人时常将日本与富士山联想在一起
People from other countries often connect Japan with Mt. Fuji.
★Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time.
1.go wrong （机器等）发生故障，出毛病
我的手表出问题了。My watch has gone wrong.车的引擎发生了故障。
The engine of the car has gone wrong.
2.Fail to do sth 没能做成某事
他常常未能遵守诺言He often fails to keep his word.
★A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down!
slow down （使……）慢下来/减速
当交通很拥堵的时候，他把车速减慢下来。
He slowed his car down while driving in heavy traffic.
Part 4: Grammar&Difficult points
语法：虚拟语气：
一．虚拟语气的定义
虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如：
If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.
如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
I wish I could pass the examination.
我希望我能通过考试。
May you succeed!
祝您成功！
二．虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。
条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。
if，有表示“如果”的意思如：
If time permits, we’ll go fishing together.
如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。