人教版（2019）必修第一册Welcome unit　Discovering Useful Structures同步练习（含答案）

Welcome unit　Discovering Useful Structures
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.请按照要求找出下列句子的成分并画线
1． with two of his students is walking into the classroom.(主语)
2．Tom his homework yesterday.(谓语)
3．I learned last class.(宾语)
4．The old man was .(表语)
5．She asks the children in the reading-room.(宾语补足语)
6．The students followed Uncle Wang .(状语)
7．Mr.Li is going to teach next term.(直接宾语和间接宾语)
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他们每天都练习说英语。(动词-ing形式作宾语)
They practice every day.
2．这种茶闻起来很诱人。(主系表结构)
The tea .
3．这次活动给我留下了好印象。(主谓宾结构)
The activity .
4．我们发现他们在田间劳动。(主谓宾＋动词-ing形式)
We found them .
5．这个我们必须保密。(名词作宾语补足语)
We must .
Ⅲ.指出它们分别属于简单句中的哪一种
1．Our country consumes a large number of plastic bags.
2．The super-thin bags are the main source of white pollution.
3．We should encourage people to carry cloth bags.
4．The new rule came out.
5．Environmental groups welcome the new rule.
6．They can't stop using plastic bags.
7．Shops don't offer free plastic bags to their consumers.
8．Chinese consumers have gotten used to free plastic shopping bags.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
On the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown.Everything about the school seemed so difficult. When I got home, my parents said, “You're nervous and that's okay. Everyone is afraid of high school.” I denied it. I wanted to be strong, so I refused to let anyone know about my fear, even my closest friends.
On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldn't figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be I didn't think I could rise to this challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knock someone out with it！The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and they were probably right.
Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out. With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.
Since then, I've been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn't much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.
It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some out-of-class activities because you'll find it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn't straight A's.
Most important of all, be who you are, whether you're a “fool”， an athlete, or a lower grader. Don't try to pretend to be someone you're not. Now you know the true secrets of high school.
1．The main reason for the author's fear on his first day is that .
A．he was unable to work out the puzzle
B．his schoolmates were unfriendly to him
C．he was not familiar with the new surroundings
D．his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry
2．From the author's first day experience we can infer that .
A．his home was far from the school
B．he got to school before classes began
C．he was fond of the school immediately
D．he didn't know the right way to class
3．After his first week at school, the author .
A．was still not accustomed to the schedule
B．gradually adjusted himself to the new school
C．found high school not so challenging as he had imagined
D．ran for monitor of his class against three other students
4．According to the passage, the secret of the author's success lies mainly in .
A．making more friends
B．getting more A's at school
C．being who he really is
D．joining in out-of-class activities
Ⅱ.完形填空
I used to be the shyest person in the world. I hid behind my older sister, whenever I had to speak to a(n) 1. 　 person—including the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative.
2. 　 asked to speak in class, I could hardly 3. 　, much less speak. Even among the few friends I had, my high, timid (羞怯的) voice earned me jokes—about being a girl.
Then in the seventh grade, my sister suggested I 4. 　 voice lessons. After a little bit of 5. 　, I did—as long as it stayed a secret. I began a series of vocal(发声的)exercising. After exercising a lot, I finally gained 6. 　 in my voice.
A few months later, I was asked to sing for some retired people. I thought I would do better than before 7. 　 the voice lessons. I opened my mouth and nothing. I couldn't remember the words of the song！My face turned hot. The 8. 　 pianist whispered a prompt(提示), and I remembered just enough to keep singing.
Then the thought 9 　 me：I've embarrassed(尴尬) myself enough in front of this 10. 　. There's really nothing else to lose. So in my second song, I just 11. 　 and felt the energy of the song lift me. And I did much better.
After that, I started singing to myself as 12 　 as I could in my own room. That's something I would never have done before.
On a recent school trip, I was asked to sing again. It was 13. 　 how much people liked my singing. One classmate 14. 　 said that I should be in the school's talent show.
I am not a shy person any more. 15. 　 has made me more outgoing. Today, I'm almost a loudmouth. I can meet people without being afraid. I can also stand in front of the whole class and give a big speech. I am proud of myself.
1．A.common B．unfamiliar
C．strict D．unusual
2．A.When B．Though
C．As D．Unless
3．A.sit B．express
C．smile D．breathe
4．A.take B．accept
C．pick D．receive
5. A．decision B．opportunity
C．consideration D．guidance
6．A.freedom B．confidence
C．determination D．imagination
7. A．in favor of B．instead of
C．because of D．in place of
8. A．upset B．calm
C．kind D．straight
9. A．ruined B．recognized
C．persuaded D．struck
10. A．class B．crowd
C．family D．team
11. A．relaxed B．worried
C．changed D．escaped
12. A．loudly B．clearly
C．fluently D．frequently
C．amazing D．depressing
14．A.ever B．just
C．still D．even
15．A.Communicating B．Singing
C．Performing D．Exercising
Ⅲ.语法填空
I woke up this morning 1. 　(excite)but nervous as today was the day I would begin my journey of senior high school. Thousands of thoughts rushed through my mind. 2. if I can't fit in Will I make 3. 　 good impression I couldn't even enjoy the big breakfast my mom had made for me. Seeing I was 4. 　(terrible)nervous, my mom told me I would be fine if I followed the school rules.
So I smiled and hoped for the best possible outcome(结果). The bus ride seemed so long, but soon enough there I was. I stood outside of the school building. It seemed a bit 5. 　(big) than what I had imagined, and I went inside.
As soon as I opened the classroom door, all I 6. 　 (see) were other kids. They all looked anxious and worries spread over everyone's face. Then I knew I was not the only one feeling this way.
I spent the rest of the day on the 7. 　(explore) of what everything was like. The worried faces disappeared as time went on. We got to know 8. 　(we) teachers a bit more. They were neither unfriendly 9. 　strict.
Before I knew it, the day was over. I don't know why I felt nervous and worried. Senior high school may seem 10. 　 (frighten), but it's just like junior high.
Welcome unit　Discovering Useful Structures
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.请按照要求找出下列句子的成分并画线
1． The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.(主语)
2．Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.(谓语)
3．I learned many new words last class.(宾语)
4．The old man was very tired .(表语)
5．She asks the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.(宾语补足语)
6．The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.(状语)
7．Mr.Li is going to teach us history next term.(直接宾语和间接宾语)
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他们每天都练习说英语。(动词-ing形式作宾语)
They practice speaking English every day.
2．这种茶闻起来很诱人。(主系表结构)
The tea smells inviting .
3．这次活动给我留下了好印象。(主谓宾结构)
The activity left me a good impression .
4．我们发现他们在田间劳动。(主谓宾＋动词-ing形式)
We found them working in the field .
5．这个我们必须保密。(名词作宾语补足语)
We must keep it a secret .
Ⅲ.指出它们分别属于简单句中的哪一种
1．Our country consumes a large number of plastic bags. 主＋谓＋宾
2．The super-thin bags are the main source of white pollution. 主＋系＋表
3．We should encourage people to carry cloth bags. 主＋谓＋宾＋宾语补足语
4．The new rule came out. 主＋谓
5．Environmental groups welcome the new rule. 主＋谓＋宾
6．They can't stop using plastic bags. 主＋谓＋宾
7．Shops don't offer free plastic bags to their consumers. 主＋谓＋直接宾语＋间接宾语
8．Chinese consumers have gotten used to free plastic shopping bags. 主＋谓＋宾
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
On the first day of my new high school, I almost had a nervous breakdown.Everything about the school seemed so difficult. When I got home, my parents said, “You're nervous and that's okay. Everyone is afraid of high school.” I denied it. I wanted to be strong, so I refused to let anyone know about my fear, even my closest friends.
On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldn't figure out. Was this how the whole year was going to be I didn't think I could rise to this challenge, especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift. It was so big that I could knock someone out with it！The schoolmates seemed to regard me as a fool, and they were probably right.
Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out. With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at, high school was turning out to be not so bad. It was actually much better than middle school and much more challenging.
Since then, I've been elected vice monitor of my class, which wasn't much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.
It is normal to be scared about a new school. Take a deep breath and relax. High school is something that any student can overcome. Make sure you participate in some out-of-class activities because you'll find it easier to make friends. Try to do your best, even if it isn't straight A's.
Most important of all, be who you are, whether you're a “fool”， an athlete, or a lower grader. Don't try to pretend to be someone you're not. Now you know the true secrets of high school.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从初中升入高中的紧张， 到逐渐适应新环境， 并总结出一个道理——成功在于做真实的自我。
1．The main reason for the author's fear on his first day is that C .
A．he was unable to work out the puzzle
B．his schoolmates were unfriendly to him
C．he was not familiar with the new surroundings
D．his schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I almost had a nervous breakdown. Everything about the school seemed so difficult(我差点精神崩溃。学校里的一切似乎都很难)”可知， 作者高中第一天感到害怕的主要原因是不熟悉新环境。故选C。
2．From the author's first day experience we can infer that D .
A．his home was far from the school
B．he got to school before classes began
C．he was fond of the school immediately
D．he didn't know the right way to class
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“On the first day I was late for every class and was constantly lost. The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldn't figure out.(第一天， 我每节课都迟到， 我一直迷路。学校就像一个我无法解开的谜。)”可推知， 作者不知道去教室的路线。故选D。
3．After his first week at school, the author B .
A．was still not accustomed to the schedule
B．gradually adjusted himself to the new school
C．found high school not so challenging as he had imagined
D．ran for monitor of his class against three other students
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Despite my fears, after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out.(尽管我很害怕， 但在第一周后， 我终于弄清楚了我的日程安排。)”可推知， 作者逐渐适应了新学校。故选B。
4．According to the passage, the secret of the author's success lies mainly in C .
A．making more friends
B．getting more A's at school
C．being who he really is
D．joining in out-of-class activities
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Don't try to pretend to be someone you're not.(不要装成别人。)”可知， 作者的成功在于做真实的自我。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023·湖北省鄂东高一月考)
I used to be the shyest person in the world. I hid behind my older sister, whenever I had to speak to a(n) 1.B　 person—including the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative.
2.A　 asked to speak in class, I could hardly 3.D　, much less speak. Even among the few friends I had, my high, timid (羞怯的) voice earned me jokes—about being a girl.
Then in the seventh grade, my sister suggested I 4.A　 voice lessons. After a little bit of 5.C　, I did—as long as it stayed a secret. I began a series of vocal(发声的)exercising. After exercising a lot, I finally gained 6.B　 in my voice.
A few months later, I was asked to sing for some retired people. I thought I would do better than before 7.C　 the voice lessons. I opened my mouth and nothing. I couldn't remember the words of the song！My face turned hot. The 8.C　 pianist whispered a prompt(提示), and I remembered just enough to keep singing.
Then the thought 9.D　 me：I've embarrassed(尴尬) myself enough in front of this 10.B　. There's really nothing else to lose. So in my second song, I just 11.A　 and felt the energy of the song lift me. And I did much better.
After that, I started singing to myself as 12.A　 as I could in my own room. That's something I would never have done before.
On a recent school trip, I was asked to sing again. It was 13.C　 how much people liked my singing. One classmate 14.D　 said that I should be in the school's talent show.
I am not a shy person any more. 15.B　 has made me more outgoing. Today, I'm almost a loudmouth. I can meet people without being afraid. I can also stand in front of the whole class and give a big speech. I am proud of myself.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者原来非常害羞， 在同学面前说话很胆怯， 后来通过唱歌她变得自信起来。
1．A.common B．unfamiliar
C．strict D．unusual
解析： common“普遍的”；unfamiliar“不熟悉的”；strict“严格的”；unusual“不同寻常的”。根据下文“including the McDonald's cashier, or even a distant relative”可知， 麦当劳的收银员和远房亲戚都是作者不熟悉的人。故选B。
2．A.When B．Though
C．As D．Unless
解析： 此处引导时间状语从句， 表示“当……时”， 应用连接副词when。故选A。
3．A.sit B．express
C．smile D．breathe
解析： sit“坐”；express“表达”；smile“微笑”；breathe“呼吸”。根据常识可知， 人在极度紧张时， 会变得呼吸困难。故选D。
4．A.take B．accept
C．pick D．receive
解析： 句意：到了七年级， 我姐姐建议我去上声乐课。take lessons为固定短语， 意为“上课”。故选A。
5. A．decision B．opportunity
C．consideration D．guidance
解析： decision“决定”； opportunity“机会”； consideration“考虑”； guidance“引导”。上一句提到姐姐让作者上声乐课，因此作者考虑一下姐姐的建议。故选C。
6．A.freedom B．confidence
C．determination D．imagination
解析： 句意：经过大量的锻炼，我终于对我的声音有了信心。freedom“自由”； confidence“自信”； determination“决心”； imagination“想象力”。根据下文“I thought I would do better than before”可知， 作者认为自己在上完声乐课之后会做得比以前好， 说明有自信了。故选B。
7. A．in favor of B．instead of
C．because of D．in place of
解析： in favor of“支持， 有利于”； instead of“代替， 而不是”； because of“因为”； in place of“代替”。根据上文“I thought I would do better than before”可知， 作者认为上了声乐课， 自己做得会比以前好， 前后为因果关系。故选C。
8. A．upset B．calm
C．kind D．straight
解析： 根据上文“I couldn't remember the words of the song！”可知， 作者不记得歌词了， 那位钢琴师给她提示， 所以钢琴师是友好的。故选C。
9. A．ruined B．recognized
C．persuaded D．struck
解析： 句意：然后我突然想到：我在这群人面前已经够丢人的了。ruin“毁灭”； recognize“识别”； persuade“劝说”； strike“猛地意识到”。下文冒号后是作者的想法， 说明此处指作者突然意识到。故选D。
10. A．class B．crowd
C．family D．team
解析： 根据上文“I was asked to sing for some retired people”可知， 作者被邀请为一些退休的人唱歌， 因此此处指这群人。故选B。
11. A．relaxed B．worried
C．changed D．escaped
解析： relax“放松”； worry“担心”； change“改变”； escape“逃离”。根据上文“There's really nothing else to lose.”可知， 作者觉得真的没有什么可失去的了， 所以此处表示作者放松了。故选A。
12. A．loudly B．clearly
C．fluently D．frequently
解析： loudly“大声地”； clearly“清楚地”； fluently“流利地”；frequently“频繁地”。根据下文“That's something I would never have done before.”可知， 作者做了以前害羞时不会做的事情， 就是大声地歌唱。故选A。
13. A．annoying B．confusing
C．amazing D．depressing
解析： 句意：人们如此喜欢我的歌声， 真是不可思议。annoying“恼怒地”； confusing“令人困惑的”； amazing“令人惊讶的”； depressing“令人沮丧的”。故选C。
14．A.ever B．just
C．still D．even
解析： 句意：一个同学甚至说我应该参加学校的才艺表演。故选D。
15．A.Communicating B．Singing
C．Performing D．Exercising
解析： communicate“交流”； sing“唱歌”； perform“表演， 表现”； exercise“锻炼”。根据上文“After that, I started singing to myself”和“how much people liked my singing”可知， 唱歌让作者更加外向。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
I woke up this morning 1.excited　(excite)but nervous as today was the day I would begin my journey of senior high school. Thousands of thoughts rushed through my mind. 2.What　 if I can't fit in Will I make 3.a　 good impression I couldn't even enjoy the big breakfast my mom had made for me. Seeing I was 4.terribly　(terrible)nervous, my mom told me I would be fine if I followed the school rules.
So I smiled and hoped for the best possible outcome(结果). The bus ride seemed so long, but soon enough there I was. I stood outside of the school building. It seemed a bit 5.bigger　(big) than what I had imagined, and I went inside.
As soon as I opened the classroom door, all I 6.saw　 (see) were other kids. They all looked anxious and worries spread over everyone's face. Then I knew I was not the only one feeling this way.
I spent the rest of the day on the 7.exploration　(explore) of what everything was like. The worried faces disappeared as time went on. We got to know 8.our　(we) teachers a bit more. They were neither unfriendly 9.nor　strict.
Before I knew it, the day was over. I don't know why I felt nervous and worried. Senior high school may seem 10.frightening　 (frighten), but it's just like junior high.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一天高中上学日的所见所闻所感。
解析：
1．考查词性转换。根据but nervous可知， 设空处需用形容词与nervous并列， 主语是I, 需用-ed形容词， 表示人物的状态。故填excited。
2. 考查固定句型。句意：如果我不能适应怎么办？此处为固定句型“What if ＋句子？”表示“要是……怎么办？”， 句首单词首字母需大写。故填What。
3. 考查冠词。此处为固定短语make a good impression“留下好印象”。故填a。
4．考查词性转换。设空处需用副词作状语修饰形容词nervous。故填terribly。
5．考查形容词的比较级。根据设空后的than可知， 设空处需用形容词big的比较级bigger。故填bigger。
6．考查动词的时态。根据从句的谓语动词opened可知， 主句谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填saw。
7．考查词性转换。定冠词the后需接名词exploration, exploration为不可数名词。故填exploration。
8．考查代词。设空处需用形容词性物主代词our作定语修饰名词teachers。故填our。
9. 考查连词。句意：他们很友好也不严厉。neither...nor...“既不……也不……”， 故填nor。
10．考查词性转换。系动词seem后需接形容词作表语， 主语是Senior high school, 指物， 所以设空处需用-ing形容词作表语， 表示事物的特征。frightening“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。