Unit 6 When was it invented 单元语法与话题写作讲练（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6　When was it invented
【单元语法写作专项】
一般过去时的被动语态
1.一般过去时的被动语态的构成
一般过去时的被动语态表示主语是过去某一动作的承受者,由“was/were+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如:
The flowers were watered by Lucy.
这些花是露西浇水的。
The bridge was built in 1987.
这座桥是在1987年建造的。
2.一般过去时的被动语态的基本句式
句式 构成
肯定句 主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他).
否定句 主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他).
一般疑问句 及答语 Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他) 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)
3.特殊形式的被动语态
(1)含有双宾语的被动语态
含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可以将其中任何一个宾语变为被动句的主语。一般是把主动句中指人的间接宾语变为被动句的主语;若将指物的直接宾语变为被动句的主语,则间接宾语前要加上介词to或for。如:
He gave me a book.→I was given a book.→A book was given to me.
(2)复合宾语的被动语态
若主动句为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”这种复合宾语结构时,则只将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词的后面成为主语补足语。如:
I found him lying on the floor.→He was found lying on the floor.
在主动语态中,用在watch,see,hear,notice,make等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后要加上to。如:
We saw him enter the house.→He was seen to enter the house.
【对点集训】
根据语境,用所给词的适当形式填空
1.When the cat _______ (find),it was very hungry.So we gave it some food.
2.Paper _______ (create) about 2,000 years ago in China.
3.The new school library _______ (not build) two years ago.
4.All the problems _______ (solve) by the famous engineer five days ago.
5.I _______ (tell) to wait at the gate at 8 o’clock.But he didn’t turn up at that time.
6.A new club _______ (start) in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members.
7.We _______ (encourage) to reach for our dreams in the graduation ceremony last week.
8.—_______ you_______ (invite) to Jim’s birthday party last night
—Yes, I was.But I was too busy to be there.
9.—Eric, you _______ (tell) to go to the teachers’ office just now.What’s up
—We aren’t allowed to bring phones to school.Um, but I broke the rule.
10.As we all know, the telephone _______ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
【单元写作专项】
【主题分析】
主题:人与社会之科学与技术,涉及子主题人类发明与创新。
内容:介绍某项发明的历史或发明用途。
要求:正确使用一般过去时的被动语态。
【典例研磨】
　　根据下面的提示内容,写一篇有关纸的发明历史的英语短文。
内容提示:
1.世界上原来没有纸,人们在石头、木片或者竹子上写字。
2.中国的蔡伦改良了纸张,他教会人们用各种废料来造纸。
3.纸的发明推动了人类文明的进步,人们会永远记住这位伟大的发明家。
要求:不得逐字翻译内容提示,可适当增加细节,使短文更加连贯。
Step 1:审题·研要求
1.人称:第三人称为主
2.时态:一般现在时和一般过去时为主
3.核心:纸的发明及历史
Step 2:列纲·研结构
Step 3:润色·磨篇章
　　About two thousand years ago, there was no paper in the world.People used to carve characters in wood, stone or bamboo slip.① The rich people wrote on silk or sheepskin. ①介绍没有纸人们是如何写字的。
　　A Chinese inventor named Cai Lun tried his best to improve paper②.He taught people to make paper from waste materials like bark, used cloth and fishing nets.In the year around 105, paper of good quality was finally invented.It can be used for writing③. After the invention,books became more and more popular all around the world④.The invention of paper is very important in the development of human civilization.Cai Lun is a great inventor we should remember all the time.⑤ ②try one’s best表达了蔡伦的努力程度。 ③be used for意为“被用来……”,表达纸的用途。 ④采用more and more popular,增强了表达效果。 ⑤利用we should remember all the time表达个人情感。
【实战写作】
计算机在我们的生活、工作中的作用越来越大,你知道计算机的起源与发展吗 请结合思维导图,谈一下它的重要性和用途,并说明你对未来计算机的畅想。
要求:1.包括思维导图的所有要点;
2.意思连贯,语句通顺;
3.词数不少于80。
Computers are becoming more and more important in our daily life.Do you know when the computer was invented
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
I think computers will be more convenient and they are going to change our life completely in the near future.
参考答案
根据语境,用所给词的适当形式填空
1. was found 2. was created3. wasn’t built 4. were solved 5.I was told
6. was started 7. were encouraged8. Were invited9. were told10. was invented
【实战写作】
Computers are becoming more and more important in our daily life.Do you know when the computer was invented
The computer was invented in 1946.At that time, it was huge.With the development of science and technology, the computer has grown smaller.Now there are many kinds of computers, such as personal computers and laptops.The computer is a very useful tool in our life.
For example, we can send some messages by e-mail. What’s more, we can share information with others through the World Wide Web.We can also listen to music or play games on the computer.
I think computers will be more convenient and they are going to change our life completely in the near future.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)