初中英语语法复习——被动语态（含解析）

被动语态
1． These kinds of pens ________. They ________ quickly in all the shops.
A． are written well; are sold out B． write well; are sold out
C． are written well; sell out D． write well; sell out
2． In order to make our city more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year.
are planting B． should be planted C． should plant D． will plant
3． To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China( 中国共产党), a speech competition ________ in Hekou last month.
A． held B． is held C． hold D． was held
4． No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems ________ in the end.
A． can solve B． can be solved C． be solved
5． —Do you know when the XXIV Winter Olympic Games ________
—________ February 4th, 2022.
A． was held, On B． held, In C． has held, On
6． Paula ________ go shopping with her friends when she was in the middle school.
A． didn’t allow to B． doesn’t allow to C． isn’t allowed to D． wasn’t allowed to
7． —Wow, there is a new club in your school.
—It ________ at the beginning of this year and now it has many members.
A． starts B． is started C． has started D． was started
8． It feels good to be ________ a lot of flowers and grass.
A． crowded into B． careful with C． surrounded by
9． —Every year, a great deal of water ________.
—It is really time for us to do something to protect water.
A． is wasted B． wasted C． was wasted D． will be waste
10． Our school held the graduation ceremony last Friday. All the parents ________ to cheer us up.
A． are invited B． were invited C． will be invited
11． When Kang Jian was travelling in the US, he noticed that a great many of everyday things produced in China _______ in the stores.
A． are found B． have been found C． will be found D． could be found
12． The vegetables in the store were so fresh that they ________ in an hour.
A． sold out B． ate up C． were sold out D． were ate up
13． Some friends ________ to Peter’s birthday party last Friday evening.
A． are inviting B． were invited C． invited
14． The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou from Sep. 10 to 25, 2022.
A． held B． is held C． will be held
15． —Stop eating, Jenny! Eating ________ in the library.
—Oh, I’m sorry.
A． allows B． isn’t allowed C． is allowed D． doesn’t allow
16． The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it ________.
A． invents B． is invented C． has invented D． was invented
17． It is reported that the Nanjing City Wall Museum ________ on November 8th, 2021.
A． has completed B． is completed C． was completed D． will be completed
18． The Hong Kong-Zhu Hai-Macao Bridge ________ in 2018. We are excited about it.
A． is completed B． is completing C． was completed D． was completing
19． —Jessica, why are you still here They are all ready to start.
— I’m sorry, but I _______.
A． don’t tell B． didn’t tell C． am not told D． wasn’t told
20． —When and where ________ the digital camera ________
—In Japan in the 1970s.
A． did; develop
B． was; developed
C． is; developed
D． were; developed
答案
1． B
【解析】句意：这几种钢笔书写很流畅。它们在所有的店铺很快就被卖光了。
考查被动语态。第一个空的“write”为不及物动词， 没有被动语态， 可排除 A/C 选项。空 二主语“They”和谓语之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选 B。
2． B
【解析】句意：为了使我们的城市更美丽，每年应该种植更多的树木和花卉。
考查被动语态。句子主语 more trees and flowers 和谓语 plant“种植”之间是被动关系， 用 被动语态 be done，排除 ACD。故选 B。
3． D
【解析】句意：为庆祝中国共产党 100 岁生日，上个月在河口举行了演讲比赛。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“a speech competition”并结合选项可知，空格处填被 动语态，根据“last month”可知，空格处填一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语结构是： was/were+动词的过去分词。故选 D。
4． B
【解析】句意：不管我们遇到多少困难，我相信所有的问题最后都会被解决。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。根据“Ibelieve all problems ... in the end.”可知，应当是“能 够被解决”， 用情态动词 can。且“问题”和“解决”之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系， 应用被动 语态，故选 B。
5． A
【解析】句意： ——你知道第二十四届冬季奥运会是什么时候举行的吗？ ——在 2022 年 2 月 4 日。
考查被动语态以及介词辨析。 on 在某一天； in 在某年某月某季节。第一个句子的主语 和谓语 hold“举办”之间是被动关系，用被动语态 be done；第二个空后是具体某一天， 用介词 on。故选 A。
6． D
【解析】句意：宝拉在中学时不被允许和她的朋友一起去购物。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语 Paula 和谓语 allow“允许”之间是被动关系；根据“when she was...”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态 was/were done。故选 D。
7． D
【解析】句意： ——哇，你们学校有一个新俱乐部。 ——它于今年年初成立，现在有许 多成员。
考查被动语态。主语 It (club)和动词 start 之间构成被动关系，应该用被动语态； 根据 “at the beginning of this year”可知时态是一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构为 was/were+done，故选 D。
8． C
【解析】句意：周围有很多花和草，感觉很好。
考查短语辨析。 be crowded into 被挤进； be careful with 照顾； be surrounded by 被 ……环 绕。根据“a lot of flowers and grass”可知是被花草环绕的感觉很好。故选 C。
9． A
【解析】句意： ——每年， 大量的水被浪费。 ——我们真的是时候做些什么来保护水了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。 is wasted 被浪费，一般现在时；wasted 浪费，过去式；was wasted 被浪费，一般过去时； will be waste 将会被浪费，一般将来时。主语不可数名词 water“水”和谓语动词 waste 之间是被动关系，结构是 be done，根据“every year”可知是 一般现在时， be 使用 is，故选 A。
10． B
【解析】句意：我们学校上周五举行了毕业典礼。所有的家长都被邀请来给我们打气。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last Friday”可知， 时态是一般过去时， 主语是动作的 承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 B。
11． D
【解析】句意： 康健在美国旅行时，注意到中国生产的许多日常用品都可以在商店里找 到。
考查被动语态。 are found 一般现在时的被动语态； have been found 现在完成时的被动语 态； will be found 一般将来时的被动语态； could be found 含有情态动词的被动语态。根 a great many of everyday things produced in China...in the stores.”可知很多中国制造的日 常用品都可以在美国的商店里被找到， could be found 符合语境，故选 D。
12． C
【解析】句意：商店里的蔬菜是如此新鲜以致于一小时内就卖完了。
考查动词短语和被动语态。 sold out 卖完； ate up 吃完。空前 they 指商店里的蔬菜，应 是“被卖”，即“蔬菜”和“卖”是被动关系。故选 C。
13． B
【解析】句意：上周五晚上，一些朋友应邀参加了彼得的生日聚会。
考查被动语态。根据句意和结构可知，此处主语“Somefriends”和动词“invite”之间为被 动关系，使用被动语态，时态为一般过去时，主语为名词复数，使用 be 动词 were。故 选 B。
14． C
【解析】句意：第 19 届亚运会将于 2022 年 9 月 10 日至 25 日在杭州举行。
考查被动语态。主语 The 19th Asian Games 与动词 hold 之间是被动关系， 故此处应用被 动语态的结构，结合时间状语“Sep. 10 to 25, 2022”可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态， 故选 C。
15． B
【解析】句意： ——Jenny ，停止吃东西！图书馆里不允许吃东西。 ——哦，我很抱歉。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Eating”和“in the library”可知图书馆里不允许吃东西， 这是一个规定，句子应用一般现在时，且主语 eating 与动词 allow 存在逻辑上的被动关 系，并且表示否定“不被允许”，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选 B。
16． D
【解析】句意：自从手机发明以来，它对人们的生活产生了很大的影响。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。此句是 since 引导的时间状语从句，主句是现在完成时， 从句时态一般用一般过去时， 从句的动作发生在过去， 主语“it”和动词“invent”之间是被 动关系，用被动语态。故选 D。
17． C
【解析】句意：据报道，南京城墙博物馆于 2021 年 11 月 8 日竣工。
考查时态和语态。根据“onNovember 8th, 2021”可知， 时态用一般过去时， “博物馆”与“完 成”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语结构是 was/were+done。故选 C。
18． C
【解析】句意：港珠澳大桥在 2018 年完成了。我们对此感到很激动。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The Hong Kong-Zhu Hai-Macao Bridge...in 2018.”可知， 时态应用一般过去时，主语“The Hong Kong-Zhu Hai-Macao Bridge”和动词“complete”构 成被动关系。故选 C。
19． D
【解析】句意： ——Jessica， 你为什么还在这里？ 他们都准备好出发了。——对不起， 但是没有人告诉我。
考查被动语态。主语 I 和谓语 tell 之间是被动关系，且由语境可知，此处表示过去没有 人告诉，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态 was/were done。故选 D。
20． B
【解析】句意： ——数码相机是何时何地发明的？ ——在 20 世纪 70 年代的日本。
考查被动语态。主语“the digital camera”和所给谓语 develop 构成动宾关系，应用被动语 态； 由答语中“inthe 1970s”可知，问句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were done”；且主语“the digital camera”为单数，用 was 构成被动语态。故选 B。