英语语法——状语从句
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课件70张PPT。第六讲状 语 从 句真 题 精 析 1. (2012江西卷)You can borrow my car ______ you promise not to drive too fast.
A. unless B. even if
C. in case D. as long as
【解析】 D 考查状语从句。句意：只要你答应不要开得太快，我可以把车借给你。根据句意可知，“you promise not to drive to fast”是借车的前提，故选D。as long as“只要”。 2. (2012陕西卷)All the photographs in this book, ______ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
A. unless B. until
C. once D. if
【解析】 A 考查状语从句及省略。句意：书中所有的照片，除非另外说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。unless stated otherwise是unless they are stated otherwise的省略。 3．(2011年高考四川卷)As is reported，it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded.
A．when B．before
C．after D．since
【解析】选D。考查时间状语从句的引导词。before“在……之前”；after“在……之后”；since“自从”。It is some time since...为固定句型。根据句意可确定正确选项为D。
4. (2011年高考课标全国卷) Try ________ she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A．if B．when
C．since D．As
【解析】选D。考查as引导的让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，即把表语、副词或动词原形提前, 其结构为：adj./adv./n./v.＋as＋主语＋句子其他部分，因此D项正确。
5．(2011年高考山东卷) He had his camera ready ________he saw something that would make a good picture.
A．even if B．if only
C．in case D．so that
【解析】选C。考查状语从句的引导词。句意：他准备好了相机，以便他看到好的东西就随时拍下来。由句意可知应选in case，意为“以防万一”。
6. [2012·湖北卷] However ________, I could not read his handwriting. (try)
不论我怎样努力，还是没法看清他写的字。
【解析】hard/much?I?(had)?tried 考查让步状语从句。从句中的however引导让步状语从句相当于 no matter how“不论怎样；无论如何”后面接adj./adv.再接主语和谓语构成一个让步从句。 7. (2012·四川·10)If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better _________ and wait for help. (stay)
如果你碰巧在野外迷路，你最好待在原地不动，等待救援。
【解析】stay where you are 考查状语从句。where you are，用一般现在时指的是待在原地，是地点状语从句。stay 放在had better 后面要用动词原形。
8. (2012·辽宁·30)Leave your key with your neighbor _________ one day. (case)
把钥匙留给你的邻居，以防你某天把自己锁在门外了。
【解析】in case you lock yourself out 考查状语从句。in case 以防万一。
9．[2009·湖北卷] Such knowledge is still useful ____________ to similar situations in other countries. (when)
当应用于其他国家相似的情形时，这些知识仍然有用。
【解析】 when (it is) applied 考查状语从句。从题干的搭配看，“应用”要表达为apply A to B；当状语从句的主、从句主语一致时，可用完整的状语从句或“连词＋非谓语动词”来表达。
10．[2011·湖北卷] Be careful! The machine starts ________________the button. (moment)
小心！你一按按钮，这台机器就启动了。
【解析】 the moment you press 考查状语从句和动词时态。the moment意为“一……就”，是一个习惯用法，据此可知答案是the moment you press。本题还间接考查从句的时态。
考 点 精 释 什么是状语从句？
状语从句在复合句中作状语。
根据句子的含义，它可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
状语从句通常由一个连词引导，有时由一个起连词作用的词组引导。 状语从句是每年高考的必考点之一 ，
在完成句子、完形填空中都会有所体现。
从近几年的高考题来看，连接词在具体语境中的运用，尤其是连接词语义的延伸，是高考命题的重点，因此复习过程中要多加注意。
另外还要注意状语从句与定语从句和名词性从句的判断；状语从句与非谓语动词的关系；状语从句与强调句的辨别等问题。
一、各种状语从句分类及其连词一览表
如：
1. [2009·辽宁卷] It just isn't fair. I was working as a waiter last month, ________ my friends were lying on the beach.
A．whenever B．though
C．for D．while
【解析】 D while 在这里表对比。句意为：这太不公了，上个月我在做服务生的工作，而我的朋友们躺在海滩上。2． [2009·湖南卷] ________ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
A．Although B．As long as
C．If only D．As soon as
【解析】 A 句意为：尽管警察认为他最有可能，但是由于没有确凿的证据，他们不能逮捕他。although引导让步状语从句。选A。as long as意为“只要”；if only接虚拟语气；as soon as意为“一……就……”。 二、状语从句的分类用法
1.时间状语从句
凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有when，before， after，until，as soon as，while 等，具体用法如下：
(1) when 意为“当······时”，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。
I feel very happy when you come to see me.
When you are crossing the street，you must be careful.
①when引导的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用瞬间动词。
He was working at the table when I went in.
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.
②when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动作正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事, 相当于and then。
We were working in the chemistry lab，when the lights went out.
(2) before 意为“在······之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前, after与之相反。
We had cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.
After you use plastic bags，you mustn’t throw them about.
注意：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近, 也可以不用完成时态。
(3) since意为“自从······”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
We haven’t seen each other since we parted.
常用句型：It is / has been +时间段+since从句“自从······有多长时间了”。
It is / has been six years since she graduated from the university.
(4) till/until 意为“直到······时”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
not ··· till/until ··· 意为“直到 ······ 才······”，这时的until可以用before来替换。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动作的开始，用瞬间动词。
I’ll stay here until/till you come back.（stay表示的动作可以延续）
He didn’t go to bed until/till he finished his homework.（go to bed 表示的动作不能延续）
(5) as soon as 意为“一······就······”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生,从句常用一般现在时表将来。
I’ll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.
(6) while意为“与······同时，在······期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。
They rushed in while we were discussing.
Father was cleaning while I was playing games.
注意：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，意为“然而”。while意为“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，只用于句首。
I like listening to music，while my brother likes doing sports.
2.条件状语从句
连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that等。
Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
= If you are not too tired, let’s go out for a walk.
if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时。可以用真实条件状语和虚拟条件状语。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow，we will go there by bike.
3. 地点状语从句
常由where 和wherever 引导。
Where there is a will，there is a way.
We will go wherever the motherland needs us most.
4. 原因状语从句
常用的引导连词有because，as, since和for。
I went because Tom told me to go.
As it was raining hard，we had to be indoors.
Since you feel ill，you’d better not go to work.
5.目的状语从句
常用的引导连词有so that，that和in order that, 意为“以便，为了，目的是”。
Please speak more so that we can make notes.
I sent the letter by airmail in order that it might reach him in time.
注意：目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换作目的状语。
We work harder than usual to finish it in a week.
6. 结果状语从句
常由so···that ··· 或 such···that ···引导，such 修饰名词；so 修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so···that 与such···that 之间的转换:
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
7. 让步状语从句
当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）
8、方式状语从句
1．as if/as though引导方式状语从句的用法
表示“好像”，从句谓语有时用陈述语气，有时用虚拟语气。
【例】He treats me well ____ I were his father.
A．as B．like C．as if D．even if
答案 C
【例】She had a tense expression on her face, ______ she was expecting trouble.
A. even though B. as though
C. so that D. now that
答案 B
2．as引导方式状语从句的用法
表示“像……一样”；“照……方式”等含义。
【例】 We must live ________ Lei Feng lived.
A．like B．as C．as if D．even if
答案 B
【例】 Do rememer that you must do everything ________ you are told to.
A．what B．which C．as D．if
答案 C 3．what引导方式状语从句的用法
what引导方式状语从句，一般只用于A is to B what C is to D这一句型中，意思是“A对于B的重要性，就如同C对于D的重要性一样”。
【例】 Reading is to the mind ________ food is to the body.
A．what B．that C．which D．of which
答案 A9、比较状语从句
1．as＋原级＋as(用于肯定句或否定句)；so＋原级＋as(用于否定句)。
2．比较级：more...than。
3．the more...，the more...。前面是从句，后面是主句。当主句是将来时时，从句须用一般现在时代替将来时。
【例】 The horse is getting old and can't run ________ it did.
A．as faster as B．so faster than
C．so faster as D．as fast as
答案 D【例】 The longer the period ________，the higher the interest rate ________.
A．will be；will be B．is；was
C．will be；is D．is；will be
答案 D三. 状语从句常见考点
考点一：状语从句的连词
1. 引导时间状语从句的when, while, as, before, until, since；引导条件状语从句的unless, once；引导地点状语从句的where以及引导目的 (或结果) 状语从句的so that等这些普通连词。
2. 引导时间状语从句的the moment, immediately；引导条件状语从句的in case；引导原因状语从句的now (that) 和引导让步状语从句的 even if / though等这些特殊连词。
例1.（2009·陕西） My parents don’t mind what job I do________ I am happy.
A. even though B. as soon as
C. as long as D. as though
【解析】as long as只要；even though即使；as soon as一······就······；as though仿佛，好像。
例2.（2009·上海）You can’t borrow books from the school library ____ you get your student card.
A. before B. if
C. while D. as
【解析】 before 在······之前。
考点二：状语从句的时态
1.在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
2.when, before, after引导的从句的动作与主句动作的先后关系。
如：Come and see me whenever .
A. you are convenient
B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you
D. it will be convenient to you
【解析】此题用It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 这一句型, 选C。
考点三：状语从句的强调
主要考查如何强调not until引导的时间状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句。
如：It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that
C. where D. before
【解析】not until···句型的强调句形式为 It was not until···that···
考点四：状语从句的成分省略
主要考查在时间、条件、原因、让步、方式等状语从句中的成分省略问题。
如：（2009·湖南）Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired B. tiring
C. tired D. to be tired
【解析】省略句式。如果状语从句中的主语和主句一致而且有be动词构成谓语，从句中的主语和be动词可以省略。故选C。
考点五：状语从句的语气
这方面近年来较少考查，内容包括：
1. as if /as though从句以及If only···句子的虚拟情况：用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。
2. if 引导的非真实条件句。
如：I stood up, hanging my head. _______ I could recite the whole text !
A. Only if B. If only
C. If D. Unless
【解析】 if only 如果······就好了，后面用虚拟语气。
考点六：状语从句或主句的语序
1. “only + 状语从句”位于句首，主句部分倒装。
2. not until 从句被提到句首时，主句部分倒装。
3.“no sooner···than···”和“hardly···when···”，当no sooner和hardly位于句首时，主句部分倒装，且用过去完成时态。
4. so /such···that 结构中，so 或such位于句首加强语气时，主句用部分倒装语序。
5. as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序，从句的表语、状语或动词原形被提前。
6. however或no matter how引导的让步状语从句语序为however/no matter how+形容词/副词+主语 + 谓语。
例1 ____________，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
【解析】 as 引导让步状语从句时，表语、状语等要置于句首；当表语位于单数名词前时，前面的不定冠词通常省略，故选Ｂ。
例2 He tried his best to solve the problem,_______ difficult it was.
A. however B. no matter
C. whatever D. although
【解析】因difficult是形容词，修饰形容词要用连接副词however（不管多么），故选A。
状语从句与高考写作一.写作中状语从句的经典错误:
1.I didn’t give up. Because my mother often told me, "where there is a will, there is a way.”
2. She worked so hard that could catch up with others.
3.Only we keep optimistic can we succeed.
4.I was struggling for my dream, however, success didn’t come easy.
5.When he hesitating, a man came up to him.,becauseshe when. However,was 6.He was frightened, therefore, he decided to run away as soon as possible.
7.I have a lot of good habits, for example, I often go to bed early and rise early.
6.He was frightened, and therefore, he
decided to run away as soon as possible. 7.I have a lot of good habits. For example,
I often go to bed early and rise early. 7.I have a lot of good habits, for example,
going to bed early and rising early.二. 用状语从句来优化句子结构
1. I will not be able to meet you at the airport. I have some experiments to do that day.
2. The problem was complicated. He solved it in only two hours with a computer.
3. I was addicted to online games. And I was even absent from school. I will not be able to meet you at the airport
_______I have some experiments to do.because ________the problem was complicated, he solved it in only two hours with a computer.
Although I was ___addicted to online games____ I was
even absent from school.so that习 题 精 练1. Everything was placed exactly ______ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.
A. while B. when
C. where D. though
【解析】 C 考查状语从句。句意：在毕业典礼上，一切东西都按照他所想的放置。主句Everything was placed缺少地点状语，故选where。2. He smiled politely _______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A. as B. if
C. unless D. though
【解析】 A 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：当Mary为她醉酒的朋友而道歉的时候，他有礼貌地笑了笑。此处as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。3. A number of high buildings have arisen ______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. when B. where
C. before D. until
【解析】 B 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。where引导地点状语从句；而when，before和until都引导时间状语从句。
4. Leave your key with your neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day.
A. as long as B. even though
C. in case D. as if
【解析】 C 考查状语从句。句意：留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。根据句意可知，此处用in ease引导目的状语从句，in case表示“以防，免得”。
5. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties ______ it gets more financial support from the European Union.
A. if B. unless
C. because D. since
【解析】 B 考查连词的用法。句意：希腊政府很难克服当前的困难，除非它能得到欧盟更多的金融支持。unless“除非，如果不”，符合句意。 6. ______ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.
A. While B. Once
C. If D. Until
【解析】 A 考查状语从句。句意：虽然我总感觉这次考试我能及格，但是我从来没有想到我会得A。根据句意可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，所以选While，意为”尽管，虽然”。
7. One's life has value __________ one brings value to the life of others.
A. so that B. no matter how
C. as long as D. except that
【解析】 C 考查连词。句意：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。as long as“只要”，符合句意。so that“以便，因此”；no matter how“不管怎样”；except that“除了……”。
8. He had no sooner finished his speech ________ the students started cheering.
A．since B．as
C．when D．than
【解析】选D。考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：他一做完演讲，学生们就开始欢呼起来。no sooner... than... “一……就……”，为固定搭配。
9. ________ all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post.
A．Since B．While
C．If D．As
【解析】选B。考查状语从句的连接词。句意：尽管他们都是很有实力的求职者，但是只有一个人会被选中担任这一职位。since“因为，既然”；while“尽管”；if“如果”；as“因为”。根据句意选while。 10. Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or ________ it is convenient to you.
A．whenever B．however
C．whichever D．Wherever
【解析】选A。考查状语从句的引导词。句意：请打电话让我的秘书安排一个会议，在今天下午或是任何你方便的时候。whenever无论何时；however无论如何；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何地。A项正确。
11. Although _____________, the driver still did not take it seriously. (remind)
尽管被提醒要小心驾驶，这位司机还是没有认真对待。
【解析】 (he was) reminded to drive carefully 考查although引导的让步状语从句。本句中，状语从句和主句的主语一致，也可以用状语从句的省略句，省略主语和be动词。12. _____________________, what’s left of us is this song. (now)
既然她已离去，留给我们的就是这首歌了。
【解析】 Now that she's gone 考查状语从句。now that意为“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句。gone是形容词，意为“（时间）过去，（人）离去”。 13. He was sleeping in bedroom ___________________. (scream)
他正在卧室里睡觉，突然听到一声尖叫。
【解析】 when he heard screaming 考查状语从句的用法，这里需要用一个连词when来连接主从句，when相当于and at that time。 14. ________________ (每次他踢足球)，David Beckham is watched by thousand of fans all over the world. (time)
【解析】 Each?time?he?plays?football 15. ______________ (无论多么严重的问题)you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge. (serious)
【解析】 whatever?a?serious?problem / However?serious?a?problem
16. Time flew and ____________ (不知不觉)，it was time for me to go home. (know)
【解析】 before?we?knew?it?
17. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ____________ (有规律地进行)，can improve the health. (carry)
? 【解析】 carried?out?regularly 18. _____________________, he placed them in an empty oil drum with Kau Kau, corn and greens. (when)
烧热之后，他把石头放在一个空油瓶里，加上一些专考、玉米和青菜。
【解析】 When (it is) hot 考查状语从句的用法， When (it is) hot在这里是时间状语从句。19. The water was quite shallow but ______________, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. (end)
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直降到满是沙子的海底。
【解析】 where the reef ended 考查状语从句的用法， where the reef ended在这里是地点状语从句。 20. Jane burst out crying _____________________. (instant)
珍妮一进来就开始大哭起来。
【解析】 the instant she came in 考查状语从句的用法，the instant用作连词，相当于the moment, the minute, as soon as。 Bye-bye!
A. unless B. even if
C. in case D. as long as
【解析】 D 考查状语从句。句意：只要你答应不要开得太快，我可以把车借给你。根据句意可知，“you promise not to drive to fast”是借车的前提，故选D。as long as“只要”。 2. (2012陕西卷)All the photographs in this book, ______ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
A. unless B. until
C. once D. if
【解析】 A 考查状语从句及省略。句意：书中所有的照片，除非另外说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。unless stated otherwise是unless they are stated otherwise的省略。 3．(2011年高考四川卷)As is reported，it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded.
A．when B．before
C．after D．since
【解析】选D。考查时间状语从句的引导词。before“在……之前”；after“在……之后”；since“自从”。It is some time since...为固定句型。根据句意可确定正确选项为D。
4. (2011年高考课标全国卷) Try ________ she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A．if B．when
C．since D．As
【解析】选D。考查as引导的让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，即把表语、副词或动词原形提前, 其结构为：adj./adv./n./v.＋as＋主语＋句子其他部分，因此D项正确。
5．(2011年高考山东卷) He had his camera ready ________he saw something that would make a good picture.
A．even if B．if only
C．in case D．so that
【解析】选C。考查状语从句的引导词。句意：他准备好了相机，以便他看到好的东西就随时拍下来。由句意可知应选in case，意为“以防万一”。
6. [2012·湖北卷] However ________, I could not read his handwriting. (try)
不论我怎样努力，还是没法看清他写的字。
【解析】hard/much?I?(had)?tried 考查让步状语从句。从句中的however引导让步状语从句相当于 no matter how“不论怎样；无论如何”后面接adj./adv.再接主语和谓语构成一个让步从句。 7. (2012·四川·10)If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better _________ and wait for help. (stay)
如果你碰巧在野外迷路，你最好待在原地不动，等待救援。
【解析】stay where you are 考查状语从句。where you are，用一般现在时指的是待在原地，是地点状语从句。stay 放在had better 后面要用动词原形。
8. (2012·辽宁·30)Leave your key with your neighbor _________ one day. (case)
把钥匙留给你的邻居，以防你某天把自己锁在门外了。
【解析】in case you lock yourself out 考查状语从句。in case 以防万一。
9．[2009·湖北卷] Such knowledge is still useful ____________ to similar situations in other countries. (when)
当应用于其他国家相似的情形时，这些知识仍然有用。
【解析】 when (it is) applied 考查状语从句。从题干的搭配看，“应用”要表达为apply A to B；当状语从句的主、从句主语一致时，可用完整的状语从句或“连词＋非谓语动词”来表达。
10．[2011·湖北卷] Be careful! The machine starts ________________the button. (moment)
小心！你一按按钮，这台机器就启动了。
【解析】 the moment you press 考查状语从句和动词时态。the moment意为“一……就”，是一个习惯用法，据此可知答案是the moment you press。本题还间接考查从句的时态。
考 点 精 释 什么是状语从句？
状语从句在复合句中作状语。
根据句子的含义，它可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
状语从句通常由一个连词引导，有时由一个起连词作用的词组引导。 状语从句是每年高考的必考点之一 ，
在完成句子、完形填空中都会有所体现。
从近几年的高考题来看，连接词在具体语境中的运用，尤其是连接词语义的延伸，是高考命题的重点，因此复习过程中要多加注意。
另外还要注意状语从句与定语从句和名词性从句的判断；状语从句与非谓语动词的关系；状语从句与强调句的辨别等问题。
一、各种状语从句分类及其连词一览表
如：
1. [2009·辽宁卷] It just isn't fair. I was working as a waiter last month, ________ my friends were lying on the beach.
A．whenever B．though
C．for D．while
【解析】 D while 在这里表对比。句意为：这太不公了，上个月我在做服务生的工作，而我的朋友们躺在海滩上。2． [2009·湖南卷] ________ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
A．Although B．As long as
C．If only D．As soon as
【解析】 A 句意为：尽管警察认为他最有可能，但是由于没有确凿的证据，他们不能逮捕他。although引导让步状语从句。选A。as long as意为“只要”；if only接虚拟语气；as soon as意为“一……就……”。 二、状语从句的分类用法
1.时间状语从句
凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有when，before， after，until，as soon as，while 等，具体用法如下：
(1) when 意为“当······时”，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。
I feel very happy when you come to see me.
When you are crossing the street，you must be careful.
①when引导的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用瞬间动词。
He was working at the table when I went in.
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.
②when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动作正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事, 相当于and then。
We were working in the chemistry lab，when the lights went out.
(2) before 意为“在······之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前, after与之相反。
We had cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.
After you use plastic bags，you mustn’t throw them about.
注意：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近, 也可以不用完成时态。
(3) since意为“自从······”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
We haven’t seen each other since we parted.
常用句型：It is / has been +时间段+since从句“自从······有多长时间了”。
It is / has been six years since she graduated from the university.
(4) till/until 意为“直到······时”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
not ··· till/until ··· 意为“直到 ······ 才······”，这时的until可以用before来替换。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动作的开始，用瞬间动词。
I’ll stay here until/till you come back.（stay表示的动作可以延续）
He didn’t go to bed until/till he finished his homework.（go to bed 表示的动作不能延续）
(5) as soon as 意为“一······就······”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生,从句常用一般现在时表将来。
I’ll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.
(6) while意为“与······同时，在······期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。
They rushed in while we were discussing.
Father was cleaning while I was playing games.
注意：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，意为“然而”。while意为“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，只用于句首。
I like listening to music，while my brother likes doing sports.
2.条件状语从句
连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that等。
Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
= If you are not too tired, let’s go out for a walk.
if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时。可以用真实条件状语和虚拟条件状语。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow，we will go there by bike.
3. 地点状语从句
常由where 和wherever 引导。
Where there is a will，there is a way.
We will go wherever the motherland needs us most.
4. 原因状语从句
常用的引导连词有because，as, since和for。
I went because Tom told me to go.
As it was raining hard，we had to be indoors.
Since you feel ill，you’d better not go to work.
5.目的状语从句
常用的引导连词有so that，that和in order that, 意为“以便，为了，目的是”。
Please speak more so that we can make notes.
I sent the letter by airmail in order that it might reach him in time.
注意：目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换作目的状语。
We work harder than usual to finish it in a week.
6. 结果状语从句
常由so···that ··· 或 such···that ···引导，such 修饰名词；so 修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so···that 与such···that 之间的转换:
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
7. 让步状语从句
当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）
8、方式状语从句
1．as if/as though引导方式状语从句的用法
表示“好像”，从句谓语有时用陈述语气，有时用虚拟语气。
【例】He treats me well ____ I were his father.
A．as B．like C．as if D．even if
答案 C
【例】She had a tense expression on her face, ______ she was expecting trouble.
A. even though B. as though
C. so that D. now that
答案 B
2．as引导方式状语从句的用法
表示“像……一样”；“照……方式”等含义。
【例】 We must live ________ Lei Feng lived.
A．like B．as C．as if D．even if
答案 B
【例】 Do rememer that you must do everything ________ you are told to.
A．what B．which C．as D．if
答案 C 3．what引导方式状语从句的用法
what引导方式状语从句，一般只用于A is to B what C is to D这一句型中，意思是“A对于B的重要性，就如同C对于D的重要性一样”。
【例】 Reading is to the mind ________ food is to the body.
A．what B．that C．which D．of which
答案 A9、比较状语从句
1．as＋原级＋as(用于肯定句或否定句)；so＋原级＋as(用于否定句)。
2．比较级：more...than。
3．the more...，the more...。前面是从句，后面是主句。当主句是将来时时，从句须用一般现在时代替将来时。
【例】 The horse is getting old and can't run ________ it did.
A．as faster as B．so faster than
C．so faster as D．as fast as
答案 D【例】 The longer the period ________，the higher the interest rate ________.
A．will be；will be B．is；was
C．will be；is D．is；will be
答案 D三. 状语从句常见考点
考点一：状语从句的连词
1. 引导时间状语从句的when, while, as, before, until, since；引导条件状语从句的unless, once；引导地点状语从句的where以及引导目的 (或结果) 状语从句的so that等这些普通连词。
2. 引导时间状语从句的the moment, immediately；引导条件状语从句的in case；引导原因状语从句的now (that) 和引导让步状语从句的 even if / though等这些特殊连词。
例1.（2009·陕西） My parents don’t mind what job I do________ I am happy.
A. even though B. as soon as
C. as long as D. as though
【解析】as long as只要；even though即使；as soon as一······就······；as though仿佛，好像。
例2.（2009·上海）You can’t borrow books from the school library ____ you get your student card.
A. before B. if
C. while D. as
【解析】 before 在······之前。
考点二：状语从句的时态
1.在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
2.when, before, after引导的从句的动作与主句动作的先后关系。
如：Come and see me whenever .
A. you are convenient
B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you
D. it will be convenient to you
【解析】此题用It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 这一句型, 选C。
考点三：状语从句的强调
主要考查如何强调not until引导的时间状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句。
如：It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that
C. where D. before
【解析】not until···句型的强调句形式为 It was not until···that···
考点四：状语从句的成分省略
主要考查在时间、条件、原因、让步、方式等状语从句中的成分省略问题。
如：（2009·湖南）Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired B. tiring
C. tired D. to be tired
【解析】省略句式。如果状语从句中的主语和主句一致而且有be动词构成谓语，从句中的主语和be动词可以省略。故选C。
考点五：状语从句的语气
这方面近年来较少考查，内容包括：
1. as if /as though从句以及If only···句子的虚拟情况：用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。
2. if 引导的非真实条件句。
如：I stood up, hanging my head. _______ I could recite the whole text !
A. Only if B. If only
C. If D. Unless
【解析】 if only 如果······就好了，后面用虚拟语气。
考点六：状语从句或主句的语序
1. “only + 状语从句”位于句首，主句部分倒装。
2. not until 从句被提到句首时，主句部分倒装。
3.“no sooner···than···”和“hardly···when···”，当no sooner和hardly位于句首时，主句部分倒装，且用过去完成时态。
4. so /such···that 结构中，so 或such位于句首加强语气时，主句用部分倒装语序。
5. as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序，从句的表语、状语或动词原形被提前。
6. however或no matter how引导的让步状语从句语序为however/no matter how+形容词/副词+主语 + 谓语。
例1 ____________，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
【解析】 as 引导让步状语从句时，表语、状语等要置于句首；当表语位于单数名词前时，前面的不定冠词通常省略，故选Ｂ。
例2 He tried his best to solve the problem,_______ difficult it was.
A. however B. no matter
C. whatever D. although
【解析】因difficult是形容词，修饰形容词要用连接副词however（不管多么），故选A。
状语从句与高考写作一.写作中状语从句的经典错误:
1.I didn’t give up. Because my mother often told me, "where there is a will, there is a way.”
2. She worked so hard that could catch up with others.
3.Only we keep optimistic can we succeed.
4.I was struggling for my dream, however, success didn’t come easy.
5.When he hesitating, a man came up to him.,becauseshe when. However,was 6.He was frightened, therefore, he decided to run away as soon as possible.
7.I have a lot of good habits, for example, I often go to bed early and rise early.
6.He was frightened, and therefore, he
decided to run away as soon as possible. 7.I have a lot of good habits. For example,
I often go to bed early and rise early. 7.I have a lot of good habits, for example,
going to bed early and rising early.二. 用状语从句来优化句子结构
1. I will not be able to meet you at the airport. I have some experiments to do that day.
2. The problem was complicated. He solved it in only two hours with a computer.
3. I was addicted to online games. And I was even absent from school. I will not be able to meet you at the airport
_______I have some experiments to do.because ________the problem was complicated, he solved it in only two hours with a computer.
Although I was ___addicted to online games____ I was
even absent from school.so that习 题 精 练1. Everything was placed exactly ______ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.
A. while B. when
C. where D. though
【解析】 C 考查状语从句。句意：在毕业典礼上，一切东西都按照他所想的放置。主句Everything was placed缺少地点状语，故选where。2. He smiled politely _______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A. as B. if
C. unless D. though
【解析】 A 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：当Mary为她醉酒的朋友而道歉的时候，他有礼貌地笑了笑。此处as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。3. A number of high buildings have arisen ______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. when B. where
C. before D. until
【解析】 B 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。where引导地点状语从句；而when，before和until都引导时间状语从句。
4. Leave your key with your neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day.
A. as long as B. even though
C. in case D. as if
【解析】 C 考查状语从句。句意：留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。根据句意可知，此处用in ease引导目的状语从句，in case表示“以防，免得”。
5. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties ______ it gets more financial support from the European Union.
A. if B. unless
C. because D. since
【解析】 B 考查连词的用法。句意：希腊政府很难克服当前的困难，除非它能得到欧盟更多的金融支持。unless“除非，如果不”，符合句意。 6. ______ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.
A. While B. Once
C. If D. Until
【解析】 A 考查状语从句。句意：虽然我总感觉这次考试我能及格，但是我从来没有想到我会得A。根据句意可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，所以选While，意为”尽管，虽然”。
7. One's life has value __________ one brings value to the life of others.
A. so that B. no matter how
C. as long as D. except that
【解析】 C 考查连词。句意：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。as long as“只要”，符合句意。so that“以便，因此”；no matter how“不管怎样”；except that“除了……”。
8. He had no sooner finished his speech ________ the students started cheering.
A．since B．as
C．when D．than
【解析】选D。考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：他一做完演讲，学生们就开始欢呼起来。no sooner... than... “一……就……”，为固定搭配。
9. ________ all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post.
A．Since B．While
C．If D．As
【解析】选B。考查状语从句的连接词。句意：尽管他们都是很有实力的求职者，但是只有一个人会被选中担任这一职位。since“因为，既然”；while“尽管”；if“如果”；as“因为”。根据句意选while。 10. Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or ________ it is convenient to you.
A．whenever B．however
C．whichever D．Wherever
【解析】选A。考查状语从句的引导词。句意：请打电话让我的秘书安排一个会议，在今天下午或是任何你方便的时候。whenever无论何时；however无论如何；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何地。A项正确。
11. Although _____________, the driver still did not take it seriously. (remind)
尽管被提醒要小心驾驶，这位司机还是没有认真对待。
【解析】 (he was) reminded to drive carefully 考查although引导的让步状语从句。本句中，状语从句和主句的主语一致，也可以用状语从句的省略句，省略主语和be动词。12. _____________________, what’s left of us is this song. (now)
既然她已离去，留给我们的就是这首歌了。
【解析】 Now that she's gone 考查状语从句。now that意为“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句。gone是形容词，意为“（时间）过去，（人）离去”。 13. He was sleeping in bedroom ___________________. (scream)
他正在卧室里睡觉，突然听到一声尖叫。
【解析】 when he heard screaming 考查状语从句的用法，这里需要用一个连词when来连接主从句，when相当于and at that time。 14. ________________ (每次他踢足球)，David Beckham is watched by thousand of fans all over the world. (time)
【解析】 Each?time?he?plays?football 15. ______________ (无论多么严重的问题)you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge. (serious)
【解析】 whatever?a?serious?problem / However?serious?a?problem
16. Time flew and ____________ (不知不觉)，it was time for me to go home. (know)
【解析】 before?we?knew?it?
17. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ____________ (有规律地进行)，can improve the health. (carry)
? 【解析】 carried?out?regularly 18. _____________________, he placed them in an empty oil drum with Kau Kau, corn and greens. (when)
烧热之后，他把石头放在一个空油瓶里，加上一些专考、玉米和青菜。
【解析】 When (it is) hot 考查状语从句的用法， When (it is) hot在这里是时间状语从句。19. The water was quite shallow but ______________, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. (end)
水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直降到满是沙子的海底。
【解析】 where the reef ended 考查状语从句的用法， where the reef ended在这里是地点状语从句。 20. Jane burst out crying _____________________. (instant)
珍妮一进来就开始大哭起来。
【解析】 the instant she came in 考查状语从句的用法，the instant用作连词，相当于the moment, the minute, as soon as。 Bye-bye!