2024届高考英语二轮复习定语从句课件-(共32张PPT)

(共32张PPT)
定语从句
后置定语
1.
Girls in our class are fond of watching Amazing China in our class .
一、后置定语
句子
句中
含义不同
定语
状语
（一）定语
（作用：修饰）
1. 前置定语：被修饰词前
2. 后置定语：被修饰词后
Eg. beautiful girl
Eg. hot weather
Eg. the weather in Chongqing
Eg. something wrong
（二）后置定语
单词
短语
句子
（被修饰词后）
（二）后置定语
单词
1) adj.
a) 当修饰词为不定代词 something，anything，nothing等；
Eg. I have something important to tell you.
（被修饰词后）
b) 以字母a开头的单词 asleep，alone，alive，awake等；
Eg. The boy asleep soundly is my little nephew.
b) 以-able/-ible结尾的adj. ，如reliable，possible，available等；
Eg. There are three small boats available for hire.
2) adv.做后置定语表示时间、地点
Eg. The weather here is unbearable.
3) 部分过去分词 做后置定语
Eg. Children introduced to reading develop strong writing skills.
Eg. There is no money left.
Eg. The dishes offered in this restaurant is delicious.
2. 短语
介词短语
Eg. Can you give me the book on the desk
2) 形容词短语
Eg. HUAWEI was facing a crisis difficult to solve.
3) 副词短语
Eg. Exercise twice a week is good for your health.
4) 非谓语动词
4) 非谓语动词
to do
doing
done
Eg. Mark was the only person to survive the air crash.
Eg. The question being discussed is very important.
Eg. Did you attend the meeting held last month in Shanghai
5) 从句做后置定语——定语从句
Practice
He was the first to arrive (arrive) and the last to leave (leave).
The house to be built (build) will be our library upon its completion.
The dying soldier had the message sent (send) straight to the commander.
It is easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and the vague changes taking (take) place in our ever-changing world.
定语从句
2.
I know Wilhelmina.
Wilhelmina is a teacher of Jiangxi Youth Vocational College.
二、定语从句
I know Wilhelmina who is a teacher of Jiangxi Youth Vocational College.
（一）定语从句
含义：整个从句做定语，修饰 n./pron./句子
2. 关系词分类
关代：
关副：
先行词：被修饰的n./pron.，且在第从句中被关系词所替代。
that，which，who，whom，whose，as
when，where，why
（二）定语从句关系代词
that
Eg. He is the man that I saw yesterday.
Eg. This is the book that he wrote.
代：人/物
做：主/宾
1. I am watching a movie is about Spiderman.
2. 我正在读一本关于比尔盖茨的书籍。
I am reading a book that is about Bill Gates.
Practice
that
2. which
Eg. I want to study in Nanchang University which is name after the city.
代：物
做：主/宾
3. who
Eg. She is the lady who teaches me.
代：人
做：主/宾
4. whom
Eg. This is the girl whom I want to know.
代：人
做：宾
5. whose
Eg. The house whose roof is broken is his home.
从属关系
从句不缺成分
可用于人/物
The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.
Practice
whose
只能用that 的情况
先行词为all，much，anything，something等不定代词；
Eg. After hearing the news, all the people that are present burst into tears.
被形容词最高级、the only 、 the very、the right修饰；
Eg. He is the only person that solve the problem.
当先行词有人和物同时出现；
Eg. Ann talked about the people and things that moved her greatly during her stay there.
4. there be 句型
Eg. There are still a lot of homework that we had to do in our spare time.
5. which，who引起的特殊疑问句
Eg. Which is the book that you bought yesterday
Eg. Who is the man that you spoke to
Conclusion
指人 指物 做主语 作宾语 做定语
that
which
who
whom
whose
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
关系副词
3.
三、定语从句关系副词
Eg. I will never forget the days when we shared all the roses and thorns.
——when, where, why
when
用途：在定从中代替表示时间的先行词
做时间状语
先行词表时间：day, year, century, age, time…
基本用法：
介+which = when
Eg. I will never forget the days we shared all the roses and thorns.
in which
1. I will never forget the day we first met.
2. I will never forget the days I spent in the college.
when
易错点：先行词表示时间，不一定用when引导从句
that/which
Eg. This is the city where I was born.
2. where
用途：在定从中代替表示地点的先行词
做地点状语
先行词表地点
基本用法：
介+which = where
a. 地点n.：place, home, city, village, college…
Eg. I don’t want a job where I am chained to a desk all day.
b. 抽象地点n.：case, job, situation, occasion, position…
Eg. This is the city I was born.
in which
1. This is the city I spent my childhood.
2. This is the city I told you before.
where
易错点：先行词表示地点，不一定用where引导从句
that/which
Eg. This is the reason why I passed the exam.
3. why
用途：在定从中代替表示原因的先行词
做原因状语
先行词表原因
基本用法：
介+which = why
Eg. This is the reason I passed the exam.
for which
1. This is the reason I gave him.
2. The reason I passed the exam is I study hard.
why
易错点：先行词为reason，不一定用why引导从句
that
which
非限定从
4.
四、非限制性定语从句
—— which & as
（一）as的用法
Eg. Such a student as works hard will be sure to succeed.
1. 限定
用在such…as/the same/as
代人/物
做主/宾/表
A student who works hard will be sure to succeed.
Eg. He is not such a man as would leave his work half done.
2. 非限定
句首：代指后面的主句
句中：代指主句（被分割）
句尾：代指前面的句子
Eg. As is known to all, exercise is good for our health.
Eg. As is often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which
can be used equally for good and evil.
Eg. The rich man, as we all know, has many companies around the world.
Eg. She has married again, as was expected.
（二）which的用法
Eg. Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.
1. 常见用法：指代主句中的n.
Eg. She is careless, which a student should not be.
2. 主+be+表(adj.), which …
注：主从句为一样的结构
Eg. The class was postponed, which was exactly what I wanted.
3. 指代整个主句
Eg. She told me that the class was postponed, which was exactly what I wanted.
4.指代主句中的另一个从句
Practice（改错）
I hate such arrangement, that takes up too much time.
I had told them the reason, why I didn’t attend the meeting.
He bought the car more than 2000 Yuan, with that his father was angry.
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
which
which
for which
状语从句
1. The town _____ he visited ten years ago now has become a big city.
that B. which C. where D. A&B
2. The town _____he was born now has become a big city.
that B. which C. where D. A&B
3. I will never forget the day _____ I joined the army.
that B. in which C. when D. B&C
4. I will never forget the day _____ I spent with my teacher on the beach.
that B. in which C. when D. on which
5. The reason _____ he explained to us was not reasonable.
A. why B. which C. for which D. A&C