2024届高考英语：基础复习课件(共36张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语：基础复习课件(共36张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 5.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-04 09:56:59 | ||
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文档简介
(共36张PPT)
01
Calligraphy （书写）
02
Phonetics
03
Sentence element
目录
CONTENTS
Calligraphy （书写）
Calligraphy （书写）
1.英语字母的书写规范：不连笔，圆润饱满，大小一致
2. 26个大写字母书写时占上两格，上不到天下立地
3. 占一个字母a e m n o r s u v w x z 上下顶线
4. b d h k l 上处第一个格中间，下顶线，t横重合第二线，i小圆点
5. y g p q 下两格，顶端紧贴第二线，下第三格中间
6. f j 占三格f横线重合第二线，
7. 注意b d a e o p q 封口
8. l小写收笔是圆钩，不是尖钩
9. 单词间距3毫米（1-2小写a距离）单词间字母不能贴到一起。间距1毫米
Phonetics
元音
Phonetics
辅音
Phonetics
/ ks t e nd /
Phonetics
/ lekt (r)/
/ red stre n/
/ red st (r)/
/seks/
/ fi:me l/
/me l/
/ n n l ti/
/ ne n/
/d za n (r)/
/d za n /
/ k mp s /
/ f :ml /
/ k s /
/ n d/
/ n /
/ fra tnd/
/ si:ni (r)/
/ a tg /
/ m pre n/
/ m pres/
/ga /
/ k nsntre t/
/ k sper m nt/
/ :kw d/
/ d u:ni (r)/
/ k spl :(r)/
/ k nf d nt/
/ k nf d ns/
/ f :w d/
/fl /
/’ :(r)g na z/
/ :g na ze n/
Phonetics
/g l/
/ str t d i/
/ pɑ:tn (r)/
/ kj ri s/
/ k mp ni/
/ p :s n l ti/
/sta l/
/r va z/
Phonetics
1.音节：音节的划分
在语音学里，一个音节通常要有一个元音，所以通常意义上一个音节是由一个独立的元音或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音构成的。但是有些辅音比较特殊，它们读音比较响亮，因此可以和其他的辅音构成一个音节，在音标中以这样的辅音结尾的音节就叫做成音节。
成音节
辅+l [pl] [bl] [tl] [dl] [kl] [gl]
辅+n [tn] [dn] [sn] [zn] [ n] [ n]
辅+m [zm] [ m]
一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。
Phonetics
2.重读音节
任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号
/ lekt (r)/
/ ne n/
/ n n l ti/
Phonetics
3.浊化
以sp__, st___, sk___ str_____开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k//tr/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /dr/。
speak
start
skill
strategy [ str t d i]
Phonetics
4.定冠词the的读音
辅音前 the man
元音前 the old man
5. 语调
降调：陈述句，特殊疑问句，感叹句，祈使句(表命令时)
Sit ↘down
升调：一般疑问句 表请求的祈使句
Are you a↗ student？
二、八大句子成分
主语：动作的发出者，一般位于句首
The sun rises in the east.
I am an exchange student from the UK.
Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
To start my won company is my dream.
That he isn’t at home is not true.
It is useful to learn English.
The rich are not always happy.
How to learn English well troubles me.
代词
动名词doing
不定式to do
主语从句
it 作形式主语
the+形容词表一类人
疑问词+不定式
名词
二、八大句子成分
谓语：即谓语动词，表动作或状态，一般在主语后
He practises speaking English everyday.
He is an excellent teacher.
My sister is crying over there.
I would stay at home all day.
行为动词
系动词
助动词+行为动词/系动词
情态动词+行为动词原形/系动词原形
二、八大句子成分
宾语：动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词及介词后
He wrote a letter to me.
I want to visit the museum.
I enjoy listening to popular music.
I think that he is fit for the job.
I find it hard to learn English.
We should help the poor.
I don’t know where to go.
名词
todo不定式
动名词doing
宾语从句
it作形式宾语
the+形容词表一类人
疑问词+不定式todo
表语：一般在系动词后，说明主语的身份、特征和状态
I’m a freshman at senior high school.
The food tastes good.
The machine is under repair.
My dream is to be an English teacher.
My hobby is playing football.
The news is exciting. I feel excited.
The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
The war was over.
二、八大句子成分
名词
形容词
介词短语
to do 不定式
动名词doing
现在分词doing/过去分词done
表语从句
副词
句子成分
4．常见的系动词有：be，become，appear，seem，look，sound，feel，get，smell等。
动词分类
系动词be look feel smell sound taste grow go turn become get seem appear keep stay
助动词be do have will/would
情态动词
实义动词（及物动词和不及物动词）
动词分类
区别1：
系动词be 与助动词be
It is a traditional story.
The students are playing volleyball now.
He was praised in the military training.
动词分类
区别2：
及物动词与不及物动词
Later land animals appeared.
He also writes film music.
The monkey beat the pig is wrong.
There are people die.
动词分类
区别3：
主谓双宾语及主谓宾宾补
My parents bought me a computer.
My parents bought a computer for me.
They called him the prince of tennis.
动词分类
区别3：
主谓双宾语及主谓宾宾补
My parents bought me a computer.
My parents bought a computer for me.
They called him the prince of tennis.
二、八大句子成分
补语：包括宾语补足语和主语补足语。最常见的是宾语补足语，对宾语进行补充说明
His father named him Goudan.
The news makes him sad.
We found everything in good order.
It allows people to get close to nature ./ It makes us cry.
We saw her entering the room.
I found my money stolen.
二、八大句子成分
定语：修饰名词或代词, 如果定语是由一个单词，通常要前置即前置定语；如果定语是一个词组或一个句子时，通常则后置即后置定语
Guilin is a beautiful city.
The boy under the tree is Tom
The boy crying over there is my sister.
The man who visited our class yesterday is an expert.
二、八大句子成分
状语：修饰动词、形容词、另外一个副词或整个句子, 说明动作的方式、时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、伴随等或形容词、副词的状态特征
He does his homework carefully in his study every morning.
Feeling tired, he went to bed without supper.
Anna had a terrible accident when she was six.
The boy is very strong and runs extremely fast.
二、八大句子成分
同位语：对名词进行补充说明的名词、名词短语或从句即同位语从句
Mr. Zhang, my English teacher, is very handsome.
He told me the news that our team won the game.
二、八大句子成分
一句话搞懂英语八大句子成分
I saw my friend Jack dancing in the room and he was happy.
口诀助记八大句子成分:
_____________________________________________
主语
谓语
定语
宾语
同位语
宾补
状语
主
谓语（系动词）
表语
句子是一家，八人来帮它；主谓宾表补，定状同位语。
练习
2.分析划线部分的句子成分并把句子翻译成汉语。
1. Recently I have carried out a survey among the students in our class.
2. One day some of my students were talking about what they would like to be in the future.
3. Music can make our mind peaceful after a whole day of tiring work.
4. The meeting held yesterday was important.
5. Every day he was forced to work from morning till night.
6. Word came that the mayor(市长) would pay a visit to our school next week.
英语五大基本句型
You come. 你来。
I love you. 我爱你。
I give you my heart. 我把心给你。
You make me happy. 你让我快乐。
You are my everything. 你是我的一切。
总结：英语句子有以下严格要求：1.必须有__________；
2.必须有__________；
3.要能表达__________，若意思不完整则需要在主语和谓语动词后添加其他补充成分如表语/宾语/宾补。
主语
谓语
一个完整的意思
主谓
主谓宾
主谓间宾直宾
主谓宾+宾补
主系表
句子结构
1．SV(主语＋谓语) All of us laughed.
2．SVO(主语＋谓语＋宾语) I miss my grandma.
3．SP(主语＋系动词＋表语) The teacher was kind and friendly.
School uniforms are traditional in Britain. (2019浙江高考)
常见的系动词有：be，keep，look，feel，smell，sound，taste，grow，get，go，turn，become，seem，appear等。
The food smells delicious.
句子结构
4．SVIO DO(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)
He told us a funny story.
通常情况下，间接宾语(通常指人)位于直接宾语(通常指物)的前面，但有时根据需要，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时要在间接宾语前加to或for。常用于该句型的动词有give，show，send，bring，read，pass，lend，leave，hand，tell，return，write，throw，make，buy，do，get，order，sing，pay等。
I gave her a present.＝I gave a present to her.
I bought him a pen.＝I bought a pen for him.
句子结构
5．SVOC(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
宾语补足语部分可以为形容词、名词、不定式、分词等形式。常用于该句型的动词(短语)有call，name，make，think，find，leave，see，watch，look at，listen to，hear，feel，let，have，get，keep，allow，need，want，ask等。其中宾语与宾语补足语统称为复合宾语。
I found the movie interesting.
They asked me to help them.
句子结构
6．SVA(主语＋谓语＋状语)
He talked too much.
All the football players cheered loudly on the playground.
He runs slowly in the park every day.
句子结构
7．SVOA(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语)
I had my first maths class at senior high school.
He speaks English very well.
句子结构
8．There be...(there＋系动词..)
There is a lot to explore at senior high.
There be后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构，且动词除be外，还有：lie，stand，used to be，seem to be，appear to be等。
就近一致原则
There is a book and two cups on the table.
There are two cups and a book on the table.
Thanks
01
Calligraphy （书写）
02
Phonetics
03
Sentence element
目录
CONTENTS
Calligraphy （书写）
Calligraphy （书写）
1.英语字母的书写规范：不连笔，圆润饱满，大小一致
2. 26个大写字母书写时占上两格，上不到天下立地
3. 占一个字母a e m n o r s u v w x z 上下顶线
4. b d h k l 上处第一个格中间，下顶线，t横重合第二线，i小圆点
5. y g p q 下两格，顶端紧贴第二线，下第三格中间
6. f j 占三格f横线重合第二线，
7. 注意b d a e o p q 封口
8. l小写收笔是圆钩，不是尖钩
9. 单词间距3毫米（1-2小写a距离）单词间字母不能贴到一起。间距1毫米
Phonetics
元音
Phonetics
辅音
Phonetics
/ ks t e nd /
Phonetics
/ lekt (r)/
/ red stre n/
/ red st (r)/
/seks/
/ fi:me l/
/me l/
/ n n l ti/
/ ne n/
/d za n (r)/
/d za n /
/ k mp s /
/ f :ml /
/ k s /
/ n d/
/ n /
/ fra tnd/
/ si:ni (r)/
/ a tg /
/ m pre n/
/ m pres/
/ga /
/ k nsntre t/
/ k sper m nt/
/ :kw d/
/ d u:ni (r)/
/ k spl :(r)/
/ k nf d nt/
/ k nf d ns/
/ f :w d/
/fl /
/’ :(r)g na z/
/ :g na ze n/
Phonetics
/g l/
/ str t d i/
/ pɑ:tn (r)/
/ kj ri s/
/ k mp ni/
/ p :s n l ti/
/sta l/
/r va z/
Phonetics
1.音节：音节的划分
在语音学里，一个音节通常要有一个元音，所以通常意义上一个音节是由一个独立的元音或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音构成的。但是有些辅音比较特殊，它们读音比较响亮，因此可以和其他的辅音构成一个音节，在音标中以这样的辅音结尾的音节就叫做成音节。
成音节
辅+l [pl] [bl] [tl] [dl] [kl] [gl]
辅+n [tn] [dn] [sn] [zn] [ n] [ n]
辅+m [zm] [ m]
一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。
Phonetics
2.重读音节
任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号
/ lekt (r)/
/ ne n/
/ n n l ti/
Phonetics
3.浊化
以sp__, st___, sk___ str_____开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k//tr/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /dr/。
speak
start
skill
strategy [ str t d i]
Phonetics
4.定冠词the的读音
辅音前 the man
元音前 the old man
5. 语调
降调：陈述句，特殊疑问句，感叹句，祈使句(表命令时)
Sit ↘down
升调：一般疑问句 表请求的祈使句
Are you a↗ student？
二、八大句子成分
主语：动作的发出者，一般位于句首
The sun rises in the east.
I am an exchange student from the UK.
Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
To start my won company is my dream.
That he isn’t at home is not true.
It is useful to learn English.
The rich are not always happy.
How to learn English well troubles me.
代词
动名词doing
不定式to do
主语从句
it 作形式主语
the+形容词表一类人
疑问词+不定式
名词
二、八大句子成分
谓语：即谓语动词，表动作或状态，一般在主语后
He practises speaking English everyday.
He is an excellent teacher.
My sister is crying over there.
I would stay at home all day.
行为动词
系动词
助动词+行为动词/系动词
情态动词+行为动词原形/系动词原形
二、八大句子成分
宾语：动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词及介词后
He wrote a letter to me.
I want to visit the museum.
I enjoy listening to popular music.
I think that he is fit for the job.
I find it hard to learn English.
We should help the poor.
I don’t know where to go.
名词
todo不定式
动名词doing
宾语从句
it作形式宾语
the+形容词表一类人
疑问词+不定式todo
表语：一般在系动词后，说明主语的身份、特征和状态
I’m a freshman at senior high school.
The food tastes good.
The machine is under repair.
My dream is to be an English teacher.
My hobby is playing football.
The news is exciting. I feel excited.
The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
The war was over.
二、八大句子成分
名词
形容词
介词短语
to do 不定式
动名词doing
现在分词doing/过去分词done
表语从句
副词
句子成分
4．常见的系动词有：be，become，appear，seem，look，sound，feel，get，smell等。
动词分类
系动词be look feel smell sound taste grow go turn become get seem appear keep stay
助动词be do have will/would
情态动词
实义动词（及物动词和不及物动词）
动词分类
区别1：
系动词be 与助动词be
It is a traditional story.
The students are playing volleyball now.
He was praised in the military training.
动词分类
区别2：
及物动词与不及物动词
Later land animals appeared.
He also writes film music.
The monkey beat the pig is wrong.
There are people die.
动词分类
区别3：
主谓双宾语及主谓宾宾补
My parents bought me a computer.
My parents bought a computer for me.
They called him the prince of tennis.
动词分类
区别3：
主谓双宾语及主谓宾宾补
My parents bought me a computer.
My parents bought a computer for me.
They called him the prince of tennis.
二、八大句子成分
补语：包括宾语补足语和主语补足语。最常见的是宾语补足语，对宾语进行补充说明
His father named him Goudan.
The news makes him sad.
We found everything in good order.
It allows people to get close to nature ./ It makes us cry.
We saw her entering the room.
I found my money stolen.
二、八大句子成分
定语：修饰名词或代词, 如果定语是由一个单词，通常要前置即前置定语；如果定语是一个词组或一个句子时，通常则后置即后置定语
Guilin is a beautiful city.
The boy under the tree is Tom
The boy crying over there is my sister.
The man who visited our class yesterday is an expert.
二、八大句子成分
状语：修饰动词、形容词、另外一个副词或整个句子, 说明动作的方式、时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、伴随等或形容词、副词的状态特征
He does his homework carefully in his study every morning.
Feeling tired, he went to bed without supper.
Anna had a terrible accident when she was six.
The boy is very strong and runs extremely fast.
二、八大句子成分
同位语：对名词进行补充说明的名词、名词短语或从句即同位语从句
Mr. Zhang, my English teacher, is very handsome.
He told me the news that our team won the game.
二、八大句子成分
一句话搞懂英语八大句子成分
I saw my friend Jack dancing in the room and he was happy.
口诀助记八大句子成分:
_____________________________________________
主语
谓语
定语
宾语
同位语
宾补
状语
主
谓语（系动词）
表语
句子是一家，八人来帮它；主谓宾表补，定状同位语。
练习
2.分析划线部分的句子成分并把句子翻译成汉语。
1. Recently I have carried out a survey among the students in our class.
2. One day some of my students were talking about what they would like to be in the future.
3. Music can make our mind peaceful after a whole day of tiring work.
4. The meeting held yesterday was important.
5. Every day he was forced to work from morning till night.
6. Word came that the mayor(市长) would pay a visit to our school next week.
英语五大基本句型
You come. 你来。
I love you. 我爱你。
I give you my heart. 我把心给你。
You make me happy. 你让我快乐。
You are my everything. 你是我的一切。
总结：英语句子有以下严格要求：1.必须有__________；
2.必须有__________；
3.要能表达__________，若意思不完整则需要在主语和谓语动词后添加其他补充成分如表语/宾语/宾补。
主语
谓语
一个完整的意思
主谓
主谓宾
主谓间宾直宾
主谓宾+宾补
主系表
句子结构
1．SV(主语＋谓语) All of us laughed.
2．SVO(主语＋谓语＋宾语) I miss my grandma.
3．SP(主语＋系动词＋表语) The teacher was kind and friendly.
School uniforms are traditional in Britain. (2019浙江高考)
常见的系动词有：be，keep，look，feel，smell，sound，taste，grow，get，go，turn，become，seem，appear等。
The food smells delicious.
句子结构
4．SVIO DO(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)
He told us a funny story.
通常情况下，间接宾语(通常指人)位于直接宾语(通常指物)的前面，但有时根据需要，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时要在间接宾语前加to或for。常用于该句型的动词有give，show，send，bring，read，pass，lend，leave，hand，tell，return，write，throw，make，buy，do，get，order，sing，pay等。
I gave her a present.＝I gave a present to her.
I bought him a pen.＝I bought a pen for him.
句子结构
5．SVOC(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
宾语补足语部分可以为形容词、名词、不定式、分词等形式。常用于该句型的动词(短语)有call，name，make，think，find，leave，see，watch，look at，listen to，hear，feel，let，have，get，keep，allow，need，want，ask等。其中宾语与宾语补足语统称为复合宾语。
I found the movie interesting.
They asked me to help them.
句子结构
6．SVA(主语＋谓语＋状语)
He talked too much.
All the football players cheered loudly on the playground.
He runs slowly in the park every day.
句子结构
7．SVOA(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语)
I had my first maths class at senior high school.
He speaks English very well.
句子结构
8．There be...(there＋系动词..)
There is a lot to explore at senior high.
There be后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构，且动词除be外，还有：lie，stand，used to be，seem to be，appear to be等。
就近一致原则
There is a book and two cups on the table.
There are two cups and a book on the table.
Thanks