外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas课时分层练（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas课时分层练（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 25.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-04 16:29:02 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas—2023-2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1可数名词及其单复数
1. She aimed to warn the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystem, in particular, to the harmful use of _____(pesticide).
2. He is one of those rare people who believe in ancient _____(myth).
知识点2固定搭配
3. The ethnic belief is linked _____ its unique culture, history and customs.
知识点3一般现在时的被动语态
4. As the quote says, most skin cancers are completely curable if they _____(detect) in the early stages.
知识点4现在完成时
5. So far, he, as well as his parents, ________(visit) the Summer Palace.
【提升能力】
6.People's noisy footsteps _____ the peacock _____(赶走).
7.Her children _____ _____ _____(弄出很大的噪声), which made her embarrassed.
8.The technician's plan will not _____ _____(要求) much money.
9.Before the surgery, the doctor _____ _____ (与……交流) the patient and his relatives.
10.Determination _____ _____ _____(也) nerve is essential to achieve your dream.
【核心素养】
A
To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orange peels(皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.
But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was "polluting a national park". They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.
Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him.
"While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines(藤) in the orange peel site itself," said Timothy Treuer.
Treuer and his team spent months picking up samples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil.
The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar with composting (施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange "mined" a national park and slopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of "ruining" is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.
1. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels
A. Add them to fuel. B. Feed them to animals.
C. Burn or bury them. D. Make them into cakes.
2. What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park
A. It lasted 15 years. B. It was signed by Treuer.
C. It was made in about 1998. D. It was broken by Del Oro.
3. What was Treuer's finding
A. Orange peels contain much fibre. B. Orange peels can make soil richer.
C. Orange peels rot away in a short time. D. Orange waste ruined the national park.
4. What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph
A. Disapproving. B. Positive. C. Worried. D. Admirable.
B
Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galápagos Islands are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoises, lizards, and birds.
Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海军巡逻队) to put down disturbances.
The controversial director of the Galápagos National Park— which controls 97 percent of the Galápagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador's national assembly.
"It's a very tense situation," said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galápagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. "We are watching it with concern."
The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz Island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 1950s. Today there are more than 10,000,while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently having introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life "in paradise(天堂)". On top of this, more than 100, 000 tourists visit the islands every year.
Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands' iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.
These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit(开发利用) the islands' waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and R. O. Korea.
Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galápagos giant tortoise.
The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions(让步) by increasing fishing quotas(配额), which angered conservationists. "It is tragic—the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galápagos Islands," said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. "They are killing the golden goose."
Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.
This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers(管理员), who run the national park and reserve, rebelled.
More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park's headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen's help—entered the park. "I am in office, I am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension," he announced.
The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post.
However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.
"We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm(缩影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off," said Stjepic.
1. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The island's swelling population. B. The law to limit waves of immigrants.
C.A life in paradise. D. The tourists' visiting the islands every year.
2. How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin
A. He based his theory on his studies there.
B. He built the Charles Darwin research centre there.
C. He advocated the balance between ecology and people there.
D. He found the last surviving giant tortoise there.
3. What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen
A. The dismissal of the previous director of the Galápagos National Park.
B. The exploitation of the islands.
C. The government's support of Galápagos Conservation Trust.
D. Cepeda's close ties with the fishing industry.
4. We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. the projects of Galápagos Conservation Trust on the islands are profitable
B. conservationists get angry when fishermen are killing a goose
C. politicians from the mainland government play football on the islands
D. the government is trying to ease the tension
5.In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by "The Ecuador government took no chances"
A. The government did not seize opportunities. B. The government made no compromises.
C. The government did not run risks. D. The government shrank from responsibilities.
答案以及解析
【夯实基础】
1.答案：pesticides
解析：句意:她的目的是警告公众人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响,特别是杀虫剂的有害使用。空前没有冠词等限定词,pesticide 应用复数。
2.答案：myths
解析：句意:他是那些少有的相信古代神话的人之一。myth是可数名词,前面没有冠词等词限定,应用复数。
3.答案：to/with
解析：句意:民族信仰与其独特的文化、历史和风俗习惯息息相关。be linked to/with是固定短语,意为“和……联系起来”。
4.答案：are detected
解析：句意:正如引文所说的,如果在早期发现,大多数皮肤癌是完全可以治愈的。从句主语they与动词detect之间是被动关系,故用被动语态;陈述事实,故用一般现在时。
5.答案：has visited
【提升能力】
6.答案：drove, away
7.答案：made great noises
8.答案：call for
9.答案：communicated with
10.答案：as well as
【核心素养】
A
答案：1-4.CCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话"Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill"可知,之前处理橘子皮一般要么烧掉要么花钱请人掩埋掉。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,15年前Del Oro与the national park达成协议,往公园里倾倒橘子皮,但一年后由于其他果汁公司的上诉终止了。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的"They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil."可知,他们发现被倾倒过橘子皮的地土壤更肥沃。
4.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中的"but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange 'mined' a national park and slopped it from going forward"可知,这位法官认为橘子皮毁坏了公园的发展,而作者在文中最后一句话中"this type of 'ruining' is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life"指出,橘子皮实际上使森林恢复了生机,所以作者不赞成法官的观点。
B
答案：1-5.AABDC
解析：语篇解读:这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在加拉帕戈斯群岛发生了一场保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突。为了开发岛屿的问题,双方发生了激烈的冲突,政府正试图缓解岛上的局势。
1.解析:词义猜测题。由第五段首句"The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population."可知本段讲的是岛上日益增长的人口问题,this也与此相关,故选A项。
2.解析:细节理解题。由第一段的句子"Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection."可知这些岛屿对达尔文很重要,因为他的理论是建立在对这里的研究的基础上的。故选A项。
3.解析:细节理解题。根据短文第七段意思可知,保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突的主要原因是对这些岛屿的开发,故B项正确。
4.解析:细节理解题。根据文中的lower the tension和maintain the peace等可知政府正努力缓解紧张局势,故选D项。
5.解析:句意理解题。由第十三段的"sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace"可知,"The Ecuador government took no chances"的意思是“政府没有冒风险”,故C项正确。
2
【夯实基础】
知识点1可数名词及其单复数
1. She aimed to warn the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystem, in particular, to the harmful use of _____(pesticide).
2. He is one of those rare people who believe in ancient _____(myth).
知识点2固定搭配
3. The ethnic belief is linked _____ its unique culture, history and customs.
知识点3一般现在时的被动语态
4. As the quote says, most skin cancers are completely curable if they _____(detect) in the early stages.
知识点4现在完成时
5. So far, he, as well as his parents, ________(visit) the Summer Palace.
【提升能力】
6.People's noisy footsteps _____ the peacock _____(赶走).
7.Her children _____ _____ _____(弄出很大的噪声), which made her embarrassed.
8.The technician's plan will not _____ _____(要求) much money.
9.Before the surgery, the doctor _____ _____ (与……交流) the patient and his relatives.
10.Determination _____ _____ _____(也) nerve is essential to achieve your dream.
【核心素养】
A
To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orange peels(皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.
But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was "polluting a national park". They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.
Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him.
"While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines(藤) in the orange peel site itself," said Timothy Treuer.
Treuer and his team spent months picking up samples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil.
The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar with composting (施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange "mined" a national park and slopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of "ruining" is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.
1. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels
A. Add them to fuel. B. Feed them to animals.
C. Burn or bury them. D. Make them into cakes.
2. What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park
A. It lasted 15 years. B. It was signed by Treuer.
C. It was made in about 1998. D. It was broken by Del Oro.
3. What was Treuer's finding
A. Orange peels contain much fibre. B. Orange peels can make soil richer.
C. Orange peels rot away in a short time. D. Orange waste ruined the national park.
4. What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph
A. Disapproving. B. Positive. C. Worried. D. Admirable.
B
Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galápagos Islands are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoises, lizards, and birds.
Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海军巡逻队) to put down disturbances.
The controversial director of the Galápagos National Park— which controls 97 percent of the Galápagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador's national assembly.
"It's a very tense situation," said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galápagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. "We are watching it with concern."
The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz Island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 1950s. Today there are more than 10,000,while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently having introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life "in paradise(天堂)". On top of this, more than 100, 000 tourists visit the islands every year.
Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands' iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.
These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit(开发利用) the islands' waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and R. O. Korea.
Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galápagos giant tortoise.
The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions(让步) by increasing fishing quotas(配额), which angered conservationists. "It is tragic—the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galápagos Islands," said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. "They are killing the golden goose."
Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.
This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers(管理员), who run the national park and reserve, rebelled.
More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park's headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen's help—entered the park. "I am in office, I am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension," he announced.
The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post.
However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.
"We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm(缩影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off," said Stjepic.
1. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The island's swelling population. B. The law to limit waves of immigrants.
C.A life in paradise. D. The tourists' visiting the islands every year.
2. How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin
A. He based his theory on his studies there.
B. He built the Charles Darwin research centre there.
C. He advocated the balance between ecology and people there.
D. He found the last surviving giant tortoise there.
3. What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen
A. The dismissal of the previous director of the Galápagos National Park.
B. The exploitation of the islands.
C. The government's support of Galápagos Conservation Trust.
D. Cepeda's close ties with the fishing industry.
4. We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. the projects of Galápagos Conservation Trust on the islands are profitable
B. conservationists get angry when fishermen are killing a goose
C. politicians from the mainland government play football on the islands
D. the government is trying to ease the tension
5.In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by "The Ecuador government took no chances"
A. The government did not seize opportunities. B. The government made no compromises.
C. The government did not run risks. D. The government shrank from responsibilities.
答案以及解析
【夯实基础】
1.答案：pesticides
解析：句意:她的目的是警告公众人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响,特别是杀虫剂的有害使用。空前没有冠词等限定词,pesticide 应用复数。
2.答案：myths
解析：句意:他是那些少有的相信古代神话的人之一。myth是可数名词,前面没有冠词等词限定,应用复数。
3.答案：to/with
解析：句意:民族信仰与其独特的文化、历史和风俗习惯息息相关。be linked to/with是固定短语,意为“和……联系起来”。
4.答案：are detected
解析：句意:正如引文所说的,如果在早期发现,大多数皮肤癌是完全可以治愈的。从句主语they与动词detect之间是被动关系,故用被动语态;陈述事实,故用一般现在时。
5.答案：has visited
【提升能力】
6.答案：drove, away
7.答案：made great noises
8.答案：call for
9.答案：communicated with
10.答案：as well as
【核心素养】
A
答案：1-4.CCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话"Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill"可知,之前处理橘子皮一般要么烧掉要么花钱请人掩埋掉。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,15年前Del Oro与the national park达成协议,往公园里倾倒橘子皮,但一年后由于其他果汁公司的上诉终止了。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的"They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil."可知,他们发现被倾倒过橘子皮的地土壤更肥沃。
4.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中的"but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange 'mined' a national park and slopped it from going forward"可知,这位法官认为橘子皮毁坏了公园的发展,而作者在文中最后一句话中"this type of 'ruining' is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life"指出,橘子皮实际上使森林恢复了生机,所以作者不赞成法官的观点。
B
答案：1-5.AABDC
解析：语篇解读:这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在加拉帕戈斯群岛发生了一场保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突。为了开发岛屿的问题,双方发生了激烈的冲突,政府正试图缓解岛上的局势。
1.解析:词义猜测题。由第五段首句"The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population."可知本段讲的是岛上日益增长的人口问题,this也与此相关,故选A项。
2.解析:细节理解题。由第一段的句子"Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection."可知这些岛屿对达尔文很重要,因为他的理论是建立在对这里的研究的基础上的。故选A项。
3.解析:细节理解题。根据短文第七段意思可知,保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突的主要原因是对这些岛屿的开发,故B项正确。
4.解析:细节理解题。根据文中的lower the tension和maintain the peace等可知政府正努力缓解紧张局势,故选D项。
5.解析:句意理解题。由第十三段的"sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace"可知,"The Ecuador government took no chances"的意思是“政府没有冒风险”,故C项正确。
2