外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival Understanding ideas课时分层练（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival Understanding ideas课时分层练（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-09-04 16:50:32 | ||
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Unit 6 Survival Understanding ideas—2023-2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1副词的用法
1. The future of the company will depend _____(crucial) on how consumers respond.
2. I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma's flat, _____(greedy) eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding.
知识点2一般过去时
3. It is a mysterious tool for the police and can help the police catch people who _____(commit) a crime.
知识点3固定搭配
4. I would appreciate _____ if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent.
知识点4动名词
5. I'd appreciate your ______(write) me back as soon as possible.
【提升能力】
6.如果他接受这项工作，他将别无选择，只能迎接更 大的挑战。（have no choice but)
If he takes on this work, he will _________________________________.
7.有这么多的书要读，我没有时间跟你闲聊。（with复合结构）
_________________________________, I have no time to chat with you.
8.随着我们的城市变得越来越绿色环保，它们给寻找新的栖息地的动物提供了越来越多的有吸引力的空间。
①As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals ________________________.(现在分词作后置定语）
② As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals ________________________.(定语从句）
9.因为没有其他地方建立它们的家园，它们别无选择，只好 和我们一起行动。
①________________________, they have no choice but to move in with us. (with复合结构表原因)
②________________________, they have no choice but to move in with us. (because引导的原因状语从句)
10.你觉得自己生活在他们的阴影下，这会让你忧心忡忡。
①________________________ you will feel like you are ________________________ all the time.(现在分词作状语)
②You live in their shadow, ________________________ all the time.(非限制性定语从句)
【核心素养】
A
Luke Grenfell-Shaw has a rare form of cancer. It started as a pain in his shoulder and the tumour spread to his lungs, making it stage four. The Oxford graduate was teaching English in Siberia when he suffered shoulder pain and saw the school nurse. It was her reaction to a lump on his back that sent him back home to Bristol. "I was 24 years old. I had done an ultra marathon," Luke said. "48 hours later, I was back in hospital in the UK." On the 19 June 2018, doctors told Luke that he had cancer.
"I had kind of worked out that it was cancer, but what kind of blew me away was the fact that it was stage four cancer," says Luke. "That day, my life felt like it had disintegrated. My life had been comfortable and conventional. I worked hard and got rewards in terms of education, jobs, and things like that. That was all taken away." On the day of his diagnosis, Luke had one clear thought in his mind that he wanted to cycle around the world. It was something he had always hoped to do, but the cancer news made him realize that he couldn't put it off.
"I realized that the future had to become now," Luke explains. He decided to cycle from Bristol to Beijing—more than 5,000 miles—on a tandem bike, because he wants to bring people along to share the experience with him. Luke will not only be joined by family and friends for certain legs of his trip, but also by other young people who are living with cancer. "This trip is something I'm going to enjoy," says Luke. "It's going to be the richest and most fulfilling experience that I can have."
1. What made Luke realize the potential threat of the illness
A. A lump on his back. B. The pain on his shoulder.
C. The school nurse's reaction. D. The Oxford graduate's warning.
2. The underlined word "disintegrated" in Paragraph 2 means______.
A. disputed B. broken C. disappointed D. confused
3. Why did Luke decide to cycle around the world
A. To enjoy the rest of his life peacefully. B. To seek the best doctor treating his cancer.
C. To conquer the cancer in his own way. D. To make his dream come true.
4. What can we learn from the passage
A. Luke intended to change his future life by cycling.
B. Luke planned to challenge the cancer with young men.
C. Luke wanted to end his life during the cycling trip.
D. Luke expected to challenge the tough journey.
B
A recent study by a team of researchers from Canada has uncovered that birds living in cities not just are better at problem-solving and more skilled in tasks than those in the suburbs, but also have stronger immune(有免疫力的) systems!
The research, headed by Audet, a PhD student at a university, examined the cognitive (认知的) abilities of city birds with those of their country cousins. The team did their study in Barbados because it needed a broad range of situations: from crowded modern cities to the countryside. They began by catching some birds from various parts of the Caribbean Island. The birds were then given several tasks. Some tested their associative learning skills while others were to observe how creative they were at problem-solving. While country birds are also much braver, the city birds appear to be more careful when facing unfamiliar things.
The results did not surprise the researchers. After all, birds living in cities and towns face many more challenges and dangers than those that live in the country. But as it turns out, the city birds prove to have better immunity and are therefore more resistant (有抵抗力的) to diseases than those living in the countryside. While additional studies need to be done to see if this is true for all city birds, there is no reason to believe that the results would be any different.
Though this is the first time researchers have compared the cognitive abilities of birds living in different conditions, it is not the first study to examine the differences between city and country birds. Previous research has shown that blackbirds in cities are similarly more careful than country blackbirds, and that sparrows and blackbirds living in cities sing at a higher frequency to be heard over city noise and to make up for sound distortions (失真) caused by tall buildings. If only birds knew the advantages of living among humans, maybe more would move to cities!
1. How are city birds different from country birds according to the research
A. City birds have a weaker immune system because of air pollution.
B. City birds are braver when facing unfamiliar things or situations.
C. Country birds are less skilled at jobs requiring creation and skills.
D. Country birds have a wider range of challenges to survive.
2. What conclusion does the author think further studies will draw
A. Country birds can be taught the advantages of living in cities.
B. City birds are more resistant to diseases than country birds.
C. City birds are more likely to get sick than country birds.
D. Country birds are more careful in dangerous situations.
3. Why do city birds sing at a higher frequency than country birds
A. There're more dangers in cities for them. B. The birds live far away from each other.
C. There are a wider range of situations. D. There's too much noise in the city.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Research into birds' immune systems and learning power.
B. City birds are smarter and healthier than country birds.
C. What a PhD student has done has surprised the world.
D. The necessity and ways to move country birds to cities.
答案以及解析
【夯实基础】
1.答案：crucially
解析：句意:这家公司的未来主要取决于消费者的反应。修饰谓语动词,在句中作状语,用副词形式。
2.答案：greedily
解析：句意:我还记得在祖母温暖的公寓里度过的那些慵懒的周日下午时光,贪婪地吃着一碗又一碗她做的美味米饭布丁。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰现在分词eating,故用greedy的副词形式。
3.答案：committed
解析：句意:它是警方的神秘工具,可以帮助警方抓获犯罪分子。commit v.犯罪,做坏事。who引导定语从句,commit在从句中作谓语,发生在过去,用一般过去时。
4.答案：it
解析：句意:如果你给我这样一次展示才华的机会,我将感激不尽。I would appreciate it if...假如……,我将不胜感激。
5.答案：writing
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：如果你能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。分析句子结构可知，空处填动名词， appreciate one’s doing是固定搭配，意为"感谢某人做……"，故填 writing。
【提升能力】
6.答案：have no choice but to meet a greater challenge
解析： "have no choice but to do..."为固定用法，意为"别无选择而只能做……"，but后应用动词不定式。
7.答案：With so many books to read
解析：此处是"with +宾语+宾补"复合结构作原因状语,其中read和句子主语I是逻辑上的主谓关系,故使用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
8.答案：① looking for new habitats ② that are looking for new habitats
解析：②现在分词短语作后置定语可以转变为定语从句。
9.答案：① With nowhere else to make their homes
② Because there is nowhere else to make their homes
解析：① with复合结构表原因。
②从属连词because引导原因状语从句。
10.答案：① Living in their shadow, hung over ② which hangs over you
解析：①句中living...现在分词短语作状语,feel 1ike固定搭配,意为“愿意,想做”,后跟从句。hang over固定短语,意为“使忧心忡忡”。
②句中 which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子。
【核心素养】
A
答案：1-4CBDD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二、三、四句可知,卢克在西伯利亚教英语时肩膀疼痛,他去看了学校的护士。是学校护士对他背部肿块的反应让他回到了布里斯托尔的家。由此可知,学校护士的反应让卢克意识到了疾病的潜在威胁。故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"My life had been comfortable and conventional... That was all taken away."可推知,卢克觉得他的生活已经支离破碎了。所以画线词意为“分裂的,崩溃的”。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知,卢克之所以决定骑自行车环游世界,是因为他想让他的梦想成真。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知,卢克将会很享受这次旅行。这将是他能拥有的最丰富、最充实的经历。由此可推知,卢克希望挑战这段艰难的旅程。故选 D项。
B
答案：1-4.CBDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的birds living in cities...in the suburbs(生活在城市中的鸟不仅比那些在郊区的鸟更擅长解决问题,在任务上更熟练)可知,在需要创造性和技能的事情方面,农村的鸟不如城市的鸟熟练。由第一段中的but also have stronger immune(有免疫力的) systems(它们也有更强的免疫系统)可知,A项“因为空气污染,城市的鸟的免疫系统更脆弱”与文意不符;由第二段最后一句While country... things.(尽管乡村的鸟也更勇敢,但是在面对不熟悉的事物时,城市的鸟显得更小心。)可知,B项“城市的鸟在面对不熟悉的事物或情况时更勇敢”也与文意不符;由第三段第二句After all... in the country.(毕竟,生活在城市中的鸟比那些生活在乡村的鸟面对的挑战和危险更多。)可知D项“乡村的鸟为了生存有更广泛的挑战”不符合文意。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句While additional studies... any different.(虽然需要做额外的研究,看看这对于所有城市的鸟来说是否准确,但没有理由相信会有任何不同的结果。)可知,接下来的研究是要证明是否城市里的鸟都比乡村的鸟免疫力更强、抵抗疾病的能力更强。文章最后一句提及“如果鸟知道生活在人类中的好处,或许更多的鸟会迁到城市”的观点是以前研究的结论,且不是A项所说的“乡村的鸟可以被教会生活在城市的好处”;研究结果表明“城市的鸟免疫力更强”,所以C项“城市的鸟可能比乡村的鸟更容易生病”不正确;D项“乡村的鸟在危险的情况下更小心”也与文意不符。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的sing at a higher frequency to be heard over city noise可知,城市里的鸟啼叫的频率更高才能压过城市噪音而被其他鸟听见。A项“城市对它们来说有更多的危险”、B项“城市的鸟彼此住得远”、C项“有更多的情况”均不是城市的鸟啼叫的频率更高的原因。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。全文介绍了针对城市的鸟和乡村的鸟所做的研究,结果发现城市的鸟比乡村的鸟更能创造性地解决问题,且具有更强的免疫力。A项“对鸟类免疫系统和学习能力的研究”;C项“一位博士生所做的事情使全世界惊讶”和D项“把乡村的鸟迁往城市的必要性和方法”都不是文章的主要内容。故选B项。
2
【夯实基础】
知识点1副词的用法
1. The future of the company will depend _____(crucial) on how consumers respond.
2. I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma's flat, _____(greedy) eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding.
知识点2一般过去时
3. It is a mysterious tool for the police and can help the police catch people who _____(commit) a crime.
知识点3固定搭配
4. I would appreciate _____ if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent.
知识点4动名词
5. I'd appreciate your ______(write) me back as soon as possible.
【提升能力】
6.如果他接受这项工作，他将别无选择，只能迎接更 大的挑战。（have no choice but)
If he takes on this work, he will _________________________________.
7.有这么多的书要读，我没有时间跟你闲聊。（with复合结构）
_________________________________, I have no time to chat with you.
8.随着我们的城市变得越来越绿色环保，它们给寻找新的栖息地的动物提供了越来越多的有吸引力的空间。
①As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals ________________________.(现在分词作后置定语）
② As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals ________________________.(定语从句）
9.因为没有其他地方建立它们的家园，它们别无选择，只好 和我们一起行动。
①________________________, they have no choice but to move in with us. (with复合结构表原因)
②________________________, they have no choice but to move in with us. (because引导的原因状语从句)
10.你觉得自己生活在他们的阴影下，这会让你忧心忡忡。
①________________________ you will feel like you are ________________________ all the time.(现在分词作状语)
②You live in their shadow, ________________________ all the time.(非限制性定语从句)
【核心素养】
A
Luke Grenfell-Shaw has a rare form of cancer. It started as a pain in his shoulder and the tumour spread to his lungs, making it stage four. The Oxford graduate was teaching English in Siberia when he suffered shoulder pain and saw the school nurse. It was her reaction to a lump on his back that sent him back home to Bristol. "I was 24 years old. I had done an ultra marathon," Luke said. "48 hours later, I was back in hospital in the UK." On the 19 June 2018, doctors told Luke that he had cancer.
"I had kind of worked out that it was cancer, but what kind of blew me away was the fact that it was stage four cancer," says Luke. "That day, my life felt like it had disintegrated. My life had been comfortable and conventional. I worked hard and got rewards in terms of education, jobs, and things like that. That was all taken away." On the day of his diagnosis, Luke had one clear thought in his mind that he wanted to cycle around the world. It was something he had always hoped to do, but the cancer news made him realize that he couldn't put it off.
"I realized that the future had to become now," Luke explains. He decided to cycle from Bristol to Beijing—more than 5,000 miles—on a tandem bike, because he wants to bring people along to share the experience with him. Luke will not only be joined by family and friends for certain legs of his trip, but also by other young people who are living with cancer. "This trip is something I'm going to enjoy," says Luke. "It's going to be the richest and most fulfilling experience that I can have."
1. What made Luke realize the potential threat of the illness
A. A lump on his back. B. The pain on his shoulder.
C. The school nurse's reaction. D. The Oxford graduate's warning.
2. The underlined word "disintegrated" in Paragraph 2 means______.
A. disputed B. broken C. disappointed D. confused
3. Why did Luke decide to cycle around the world
A. To enjoy the rest of his life peacefully. B. To seek the best doctor treating his cancer.
C. To conquer the cancer in his own way. D. To make his dream come true.
4. What can we learn from the passage
A. Luke intended to change his future life by cycling.
B. Luke planned to challenge the cancer with young men.
C. Luke wanted to end his life during the cycling trip.
D. Luke expected to challenge the tough journey.
B
A recent study by a team of researchers from Canada has uncovered that birds living in cities not just are better at problem-solving and more skilled in tasks than those in the suburbs, but also have stronger immune(有免疫力的) systems!
The research, headed by Audet, a PhD student at a university, examined the cognitive (认知的) abilities of city birds with those of their country cousins. The team did their study in Barbados because it needed a broad range of situations: from crowded modern cities to the countryside. They began by catching some birds from various parts of the Caribbean Island. The birds were then given several tasks. Some tested their associative learning skills while others were to observe how creative they were at problem-solving. While country birds are also much braver, the city birds appear to be more careful when facing unfamiliar things.
The results did not surprise the researchers. After all, birds living in cities and towns face many more challenges and dangers than those that live in the country. But as it turns out, the city birds prove to have better immunity and are therefore more resistant (有抵抗力的) to diseases than those living in the countryside. While additional studies need to be done to see if this is true for all city birds, there is no reason to believe that the results would be any different.
Though this is the first time researchers have compared the cognitive abilities of birds living in different conditions, it is not the first study to examine the differences between city and country birds. Previous research has shown that blackbirds in cities are similarly more careful than country blackbirds, and that sparrows and blackbirds living in cities sing at a higher frequency to be heard over city noise and to make up for sound distortions (失真) caused by tall buildings. If only birds knew the advantages of living among humans, maybe more would move to cities!
1. How are city birds different from country birds according to the research
A. City birds have a weaker immune system because of air pollution.
B. City birds are braver when facing unfamiliar things or situations.
C. Country birds are less skilled at jobs requiring creation and skills.
D. Country birds have a wider range of challenges to survive.
2. What conclusion does the author think further studies will draw
A. Country birds can be taught the advantages of living in cities.
B. City birds are more resistant to diseases than country birds.
C. City birds are more likely to get sick than country birds.
D. Country birds are more careful in dangerous situations.
3. Why do city birds sing at a higher frequency than country birds
A. There're more dangers in cities for them. B. The birds live far away from each other.
C. There are a wider range of situations. D. There's too much noise in the city.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Research into birds' immune systems and learning power.
B. City birds are smarter and healthier than country birds.
C. What a PhD student has done has surprised the world.
D. The necessity and ways to move country birds to cities.
答案以及解析
【夯实基础】
1.答案：crucially
解析：句意:这家公司的未来主要取决于消费者的反应。修饰谓语动词,在句中作状语,用副词形式。
2.答案：greedily
解析：句意:我还记得在祖母温暖的公寓里度过的那些慵懒的周日下午时光,贪婪地吃着一碗又一碗她做的美味米饭布丁。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰现在分词eating,故用greedy的副词形式。
3.答案：committed
解析：句意:它是警方的神秘工具,可以帮助警方抓获犯罪分子。commit v.犯罪,做坏事。who引导定语从句,commit在从句中作谓语,发生在过去,用一般过去时。
4.答案：it
解析：句意:如果你给我这样一次展示才华的机会,我将感激不尽。I would appreciate it if...假如……,我将不胜感激。
5.答案：writing
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：如果你能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。分析句子结构可知，空处填动名词， appreciate one’s doing是固定搭配，意为"感谢某人做……"，故填 writing。
【提升能力】
6.答案：have no choice but to meet a greater challenge
解析： "have no choice but to do..."为固定用法，意为"别无选择而只能做……"，but后应用动词不定式。
7.答案：With so many books to read
解析：此处是"with +宾语+宾补"复合结构作原因状语,其中read和句子主语I是逻辑上的主谓关系,故使用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
8.答案：① looking for new habitats ② that are looking for new habitats
解析：②现在分词短语作后置定语可以转变为定语从句。
9.答案：① With nowhere else to make their homes
② Because there is nowhere else to make their homes
解析：① with复合结构表原因。
②从属连词because引导原因状语从句。
10.答案：① Living in their shadow, hung over ② which hangs over you
解析：①句中living...现在分词短语作状语,feel 1ike固定搭配,意为“愿意,想做”,后跟从句。hang over固定短语,意为“使忧心忡忡”。
②句中 which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子。
【核心素养】
A
答案：1-4CBDD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二、三、四句可知,卢克在西伯利亚教英语时肩膀疼痛,他去看了学校的护士。是学校护士对他背部肿块的反应让他回到了布里斯托尔的家。由此可知,学校护士的反应让卢克意识到了疾病的潜在威胁。故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"My life had been comfortable and conventional... That was all taken away."可推知,卢克觉得他的生活已经支离破碎了。所以画线词意为“分裂的,崩溃的”。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知,卢克之所以决定骑自行车环游世界,是因为他想让他的梦想成真。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知,卢克将会很享受这次旅行。这将是他能拥有的最丰富、最充实的经历。由此可推知,卢克希望挑战这段艰难的旅程。故选 D项。
B
答案：1-4.CBDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的birds living in cities...in the suburbs(生活在城市中的鸟不仅比那些在郊区的鸟更擅长解决问题,在任务上更熟练)可知,在需要创造性和技能的事情方面,农村的鸟不如城市的鸟熟练。由第一段中的but also have stronger immune(有免疫力的) systems(它们也有更强的免疫系统)可知,A项“因为空气污染,城市的鸟的免疫系统更脆弱”与文意不符;由第二段最后一句While country... things.(尽管乡村的鸟也更勇敢,但是在面对不熟悉的事物时,城市的鸟显得更小心。)可知,B项“城市的鸟在面对不熟悉的事物或情况时更勇敢”也与文意不符;由第三段第二句After all... in the country.(毕竟,生活在城市中的鸟比那些生活在乡村的鸟面对的挑战和危险更多。)可知D项“乡村的鸟为了生存有更广泛的挑战”不符合文意。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句While additional studies... any different.(虽然需要做额外的研究,看看这对于所有城市的鸟来说是否准确,但没有理由相信会有任何不同的结果。)可知,接下来的研究是要证明是否城市里的鸟都比乡村的鸟免疫力更强、抵抗疾病的能力更强。文章最后一句提及“如果鸟知道生活在人类中的好处,或许更多的鸟会迁到城市”的观点是以前研究的结论,且不是A项所说的“乡村的鸟可以被教会生活在城市的好处”;研究结果表明“城市的鸟免疫力更强”,所以C项“城市的鸟可能比乡村的鸟更容易生病”不正确;D项“乡村的鸟在危险的情况下更小心”也与文意不符。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的sing at a higher frequency to be heard over city noise可知,城市里的鸟啼叫的频率更高才能压过城市噪音而被其他鸟听见。A项“城市对它们来说有更多的危险”、B项“城市的鸟彼此住得远”、C项“有更多的情况”均不是城市的鸟啼叫的频率更高的原因。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。全文介绍了针对城市的鸟和乡村的鸟所做的研究,结果发现城市的鸟比乡村的鸟更能创造性地解决问题,且具有更强的免疫力。A项“对鸟类免疫系统和学习能力的研究”;C项“一位博士生所做的事情使全世界惊讶”和D项“把乡村的鸟迁往城市的必要性和方法”都不是文章的主要内容。故选B项。
2