人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world Discovering Useful Structures课件(共18张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world Discovering Useful Structures课件(共18张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 432.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-04 22:12:48 | ||
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(共18张PPT)
Discovering Useful Structures—Restrictive relative clauses(2)
Unit 5
Languages around the world
语境 感悟
阅读以下短文，体会加颜色部分，完成下面的练习
Do you remember a time ①when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night’s rest Unfortunately，your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent study has found that many people suffer from sleep problems. Some are unable to fall asleep，some wake up in the middle of the night，and others simply do not get enough sleep. One of the reasons ②why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work. Noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems. In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble concentrating. In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack. Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers. They are still growing and night is the time ③when their bodies grow faster. Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations ④where body development slows down and their health suffers.
So，if you have trouble getting a good night’s sleep，it might be time to make some changes in your lifestyle.
[自主发现]
以上加颜色的定语从句的关系词都是关系副词，有 。这些词在从句中都作状语，如果先行词是表示时间的名词，关系词要用_____，如： ；如果先行词是reason，关系词要用 ，如： ；如果先行词是表示地点的名词或抽象的地点名词如situation，stage等时，关系词要用 ，如： 。
返 回
when，why，where
when
①③
why
②
where
④
语法 精讲
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
当先行词在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句不缺主语、宾语或者表语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why等。
1.关系副词where
The experts went into the hall where the meeting was being held.
专家们走进正在开会的大厅。
The stadium where the athletes work out is not far from here.
运动员们锻炼的体育馆离这里不远。
总结：where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot，school，country等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。
2.关系副词when
It was a time when I didn’t understand what death meant.
那是我还不明白死亡意味着什么的时候。
I’ll never forget the day when I was trapped in a burning house.
我永远不会忘记我被困在燃烧着的房子里的那一天。
总结：when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。
3.关系副词why
Do you know the reason why she is under great stress？
你知道她压力很大的原因吗？
总结：why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。
注意
1.关系副词与关系代词的选择
从句不缺主语或宾语，是个完整的句子，可以是主谓宾或主系表结构，亦可以是主谓结构(主语＋vi.)。此时需要判断谓语动词是否及物。判断定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词的方法：把谓语动词与先行词连接起来，看它们是否能构成动宾关系，如果能直接构成动宾关系，则该谓语动词为及物动词，否则为不及物动词。
(1)The factory ________ he once worked is closed now.
work与factory不能直接构成动宾关系，只有后面加上介词in才能构成正确的表达形式，work in the factory。因此可推知work为不及物动词。因此此处应使用关系副词where作地点状语，也可使用in which (which代替先行词the factory)。
(2)The factory ________ he set up last year is operating well.
该题中从句谓语动词可以和先行词构成动宾结构set up the factory，所以set up 是及物动词短语。其后缺宾语，因此此处用关系代词that或which。
2.当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词situation，case，stage，point，position等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则用关系代词which/that。
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which或whom。
1.介词的选用：可以遵循“一名二动三逻辑”的原则。
(1)“一名”——依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。
I’ll never forget the farm on which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。
I still remember the day on which I graduated from college.
我仍然记得我大学毕业的那一天。
(2)“二动”——依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is known.
昨天我们游览了西湖，杭州因其而出名。
This is the book about which we talked yesterday.
这就是我们昨天谈论过的那本书。
(3)“三逻辑”——根据从句表达的意义和先行词的逻辑关系来确定。
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
这种无色的、离开它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。
Mr Field graduated in 2009，after which he entered a famous IT company.
菲尔德先生毕业于2009年，之后他进入了一家著名的IT公司。
[温馨提示] 有些“动词＋介词”构成的短语如look for，look after，call on等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。
Is this the brochure which she is looking for
这就是她在找的那本册子吗？
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.
护士们在照看的婴儿都很健康。
2.有时“介词＋关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。
The river，the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea.
这条河流入大海，河的两岸都是树。
In the class there are 50 students，most of whom are very hard-working.
这个班里有50名学生，其中大多数都很勤奋。
返 回
达标检测
Dear Tom，
How are you going these days I’m writing to tell you about our school’s Sports Club，1.__________________________________________ ________(体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动).
The Sports Club is located in our school’s gym,2._________________ ______________________________(在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼或者练习他们的技能).At weekends，it is available for all students 3._________ _______________________(对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4.____ _____________________(我们喜欢体育俱乐部) is that it enriches our campus life.
完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句
where students can
take exercise or practise their skills
who are
interested in sports events
why
we like the Sports Club
which often organizes various activities for us
students
All in all，all of us can work out for half an hour every day,5.__________
_______________________________(通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质).
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
返 回
which we can strengthen our body
through
本课结束
Discovering Useful Structures—Restrictive relative clauses(2)
Unit 5
Languages around the world
语境 感悟
阅读以下短文，体会加颜色部分，完成下面的练习
Do you remember a time ①when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night’s rest Unfortunately，your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent study has found that many people suffer from sleep problems. Some are unable to fall asleep，some wake up in the middle of the night，and others simply do not get enough sleep. One of the reasons ②why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work. Noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems. In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble concentrating. In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack. Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers. They are still growing and night is the time ③when their bodies grow faster. Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations ④where body development slows down and their health suffers.
So，if you have trouble getting a good night’s sleep，it might be time to make some changes in your lifestyle.
[自主发现]
以上加颜色的定语从句的关系词都是关系副词，有 。这些词在从句中都作状语，如果先行词是表示时间的名词，关系词要用_____，如： ；如果先行词是reason，关系词要用 ，如： ；如果先行词是表示地点的名词或抽象的地点名词如situation，stage等时，关系词要用 ，如： 。
返 回
when，why，where
when
①③
why
②
where
④
语法 精讲
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
当先行词在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句不缺主语、宾语或者表语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why等。
1.关系副词where
The experts went into the hall where the meeting was being held.
专家们走进正在开会的大厅。
The stadium where the athletes work out is not far from here.
运动员们锻炼的体育馆离这里不远。
总结：where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot，school，country等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。
2.关系副词when
It was a time when I didn’t understand what death meant.
那是我还不明白死亡意味着什么的时候。
I’ll never forget the day when I was trapped in a burning house.
我永远不会忘记我被困在燃烧着的房子里的那一天。
总结：when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。
3.关系副词why
Do you know the reason why she is under great stress？
你知道她压力很大的原因吗？
总结：why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。
注意
1.关系副词与关系代词的选择
从句不缺主语或宾语，是个完整的句子，可以是主谓宾或主系表结构，亦可以是主谓结构(主语＋vi.)。此时需要判断谓语动词是否及物。判断定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词的方法：把谓语动词与先行词连接起来，看它们是否能构成动宾关系，如果能直接构成动宾关系，则该谓语动词为及物动词，否则为不及物动词。
(1)The factory ________ he once worked is closed now.
work与factory不能直接构成动宾关系，只有后面加上介词in才能构成正确的表达形式，work in the factory。因此可推知work为不及物动词。因此此处应使用关系副词where作地点状语，也可使用in which (which代替先行词the factory)。
(2)The factory ________ he set up last year is operating well.
该题中从句谓语动词可以和先行词构成动宾结构set up the factory，所以set up 是及物动词短语。其后缺宾语，因此此处用关系代词that或which。
2.当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词situation，case，stage，point，position等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则用关系代词which/that。
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which或whom。
1.介词的选用：可以遵循“一名二动三逻辑”的原则。
(1)“一名”——依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。
I’ll never forget the farm on which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。
I still remember the day on which I graduated from college.
我仍然记得我大学毕业的那一天。
(2)“二动”——依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is known.
昨天我们游览了西湖，杭州因其而出名。
This is the book about which we talked yesterday.
这就是我们昨天谈论过的那本书。
(3)“三逻辑”——根据从句表达的意义和先行词的逻辑关系来确定。
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
这种无色的、离开它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。
Mr Field graduated in 2009，after which he entered a famous IT company.
菲尔德先生毕业于2009年，之后他进入了一家著名的IT公司。
[温馨提示] 有些“动词＋介词”构成的短语如look for，look after，call on等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。
Is this the brochure which she is looking for
这就是她在找的那本册子吗？
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.
护士们在照看的婴儿都很健康。
2.有时“介词＋关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。
The river，the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea.
这条河流入大海，河的两岸都是树。
In the class there are 50 students，most of whom are very hard-working.
这个班里有50名学生，其中大多数都很勤奋。
返 回
达标检测
Dear Tom，
How are you going these days I’m writing to tell you about our school’s Sports Club，1.__________________________________________ ________(体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动).
The Sports Club is located in our school’s gym,2._________________ ______________________________(在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼或者练习他们的技能).At weekends，it is available for all students 3._________ _______________________(对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4.____ _____________________(我们喜欢体育俱乐部) is that it enriches our campus life.
完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句
where students can
take exercise or practise their skills
who are
interested in sports events
why
we like the Sports Club
which often organizes various activities for us
students
All in all，all of us can work out for half an hour every day,5.__________
_______________________________(通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质).
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
返 回
which we can strengthen our body
through
本课结束